nicardipine has been researched along with Disease Models, Animal in 39 studies
Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.
nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.
2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.
Disease Models, Animal: Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "The effects of a single and multiple doses of ginkgolide A, B, C, and bilobalide, active components of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), on absence seizures were investigated in male WAG/Rij rats, a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy." | 8.31 | Investigating the mechanism of action of ginkgolides and bilobalide on absence seizures in male WAG/Rij rats. ( Akca, M; Gedikli, Ö; Yildirim, M, 2023) |
| "Nimodipine improved outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) although hypotension limited the dose that could be administered systemically." | 7.78 | Cisternal sustained release dihydropyridines for subarachnoid hemorrhage. ( Ai, J; Cook, DJ; Kan, S; Kasuya, H; Macdonald, RL, 2012) |
| "This study was designed to investigate whether two L-type calcium antagonists, verapamil and nicardipine reduce the myocardial necrosis (infarct size) following ischemia and reperfusion." | 7.70 | [Comparison of effects of verapamil and those of nicardipine on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury: a study in an in situ rabbit model]. ( Furuya, M; Yoshida, K, 1999) |
| "To evaluate the efficacy of combined therapy--hyperbaric oxygenation with nicardipine administration--for neurologic recovery after complete cerebral ischemia." | 7.69 | Hyperbaric oxygen combined with nicardipine administration accelerates neurologic recovery after cerebral ischemia in a canine model. ( Iwatsuki, N; Ono, K; Tajima, T; Takahashi, M, 1994) |
| "Treatment with nicardipine countered microanatomical changes occurring in SHR, whereas hydralazine displayed a less pronounced effect." | 5.32 | Treatment with nicardipine protects brain in an animal model of hypertension-induced damage. ( Amenta, F; Tomassoni, D, 2004) |
| " Nicardipine given by three different dosing schedules to baboons markedly limited myocardial infarction over a 6 h period of LAD occlusion." | 5.27 | Nicardipine in models of myocardial infarction. ( Alps, BJ; Calder, C; Wilson, A, 1985) |
| "The effects of a single and multiple doses of ginkgolide A, B, C, and bilobalide, active components of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), on absence seizures were investigated in male WAG/Rij rats, a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy." | 4.31 | Investigating the mechanism of action of ginkgolides and bilobalide on absence seizures in male WAG/Rij rats. ( Akca, M; Gedikli, Ö; Yildirim, M, 2023) |
| " With nicardipine poisoning, survival was also prolonged in the ILE group (71." | 3.81 | The effects of intravenous lipid emulsion on prolongation of survival in a rat model of calcium channel blocker toxicity. ( Jeong, JH; Kang, C; Kang, TS; Kim, DH; Kim, RB; Kim, SC; Lee, DH; Lee, SH; Shin, IW, 2015) |
| "Nimodipine improved outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) although hypotension limited the dose that could be administered systemically." | 3.78 | Cisternal sustained release dihydropyridines for subarachnoid hemorrhage. ( Ai, J; Cook, DJ; Kan, S; Kasuya, H; Macdonald, RL, 2012) |
| "We tested the effect of nicardipine in experimental allergic asthma." | 3.74 | Calcium channel blocker prevents T helper type 2 cell-mediated airway inflammation. ( Cabral, MD; Druet, P; Gallard, A; Gomes, B; Guéry, JC; Leclerc, C; Mariamé, B; Moreau, M; Paulet, P; Pelletier, L; Savignac, M, 2007) |
| "This study was designed to investigate whether two L-type calcium antagonists, verapamil and nicardipine reduce the myocardial necrosis (infarct size) following ischemia and reperfusion." | 3.70 | [Comparison of effects of verapamil and those of nicardipine on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury: a study in an in situ rabbit model]. ( Furuya, M; Yoshida, K, 1999) |
| "To evaluate the efficacy of combined therapy--hyperbaric oxygenation with nicardipine administration--for neurologic recovery after complete cerebral ischemia." | 3.69 | Hyperbaric oxygen combined with nicardipine administration accelerates neurologic recovery after cerebral ischemia in a canine model. ( Iwatsuki, N; Ono, K; Tajima, T; Takahashi, M, 1994) |
| "To provide evidence to support the calcium hypothesis of cerebral ischemia, we examined the effects of extracellular calcium and calcium antagonists (verapamil, flunarizine, nicardipine) on in vitro 'ischemia' using guinea pig hippocampal slices." | 3.68 | Effects of calcium and calcium antagonists against deprivation of glucose and oxygen in guinea pig hippocampal slices. ( Amagasa, M; Ogawa, A; Yoshimoto, T, 1990) |
| "We have now performed behavioral testing in groups of 10 male Tcf4(± ) PTHS mice dosing by oral gavage at 3 mg/kg once a day for 3 weeks using standard methods to assess sociability, nesting, fear conditioning, self-grooming, open field and test of force." | 1.56 | Repurposing the Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Inhibitor Nicardipine as a Na ( Davidow, A; Ekins, S; Puhl, AC, 2020) |
| "Nicardipine treatment (10 mg/kg/d) was applied to block L-type VGCCs for 10 d." | 1.39 | Blocking of L-type calcium channels protects hippocampal and nigral neurons against iron neurotoxicity. The role of L-type calcium channels in iron-induced neurotoxicity. ( Bagirici, F; Bostanci, MÖ, 2013) |
| "In a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, we evaluated the effect of the calcium antagonist, nicardipine, on intracranial pressure (ICP)." | 1.35 | Intravenous infusion of calcium antagonist, nicardipine, does not increase intracranial pressure: evaluation in a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. ( Harada, T; Kano, T; Katayama, Y; Matsuzaki, T; Nakamura, S, 2008) |
| "Treatment with nicardipine countered microanatomical changes occurring in SHR, whereas hydralazine displayed a less pronounced effect." | 1.32 | Treatment with nicardipine protects brain in an animal model of hypertension-induced damage. ( Amenta, F; Tomassoni, D, 2004) |
| "Pretreatment with candesartan for 3 days or nicardipine for 28 days was ineffective." | 1.31 | Protection against ischemia and improvement of cerebral blood flow in genetically hypertensive rats by chronic pretreatment with an angiotensin II AT1 antagonist. ( Bregonzio, C; Falcón-Neri, A; Ito, T; Saavedra, JM; Terrón, JA; Yamakawa, H, 2002) |
| " These results suggested that nicardipine-prolonged release preparation is safe as well as effective for cerebral vasospasm." | 1.31 | [The efficacy and safety of the nicardipine prolonged-release implant in a canine double hemorrhage model]. ( Aihara, Y; Hori, T; Izawa, M; Kasuya, H; Kawashima, A; Sasahara, A, 2000) |
| "(Stroke 17, 472-476, 1986) and cerebral infarct size (CIS) determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining method were measured 24 hr after MCAO." | 1.30 | Effects of a calcium antagonist, lacidipine, on experimental focal cerebral ischemia in rats. ( Akada, Y; Funato, H; Katsuki, Y; Kawano, H; Sato, M; Uemura, A, 1997) |
| " Nicardipine given by three different dosing schedules to baboons markedly limited myocardial infarction over a 6 h period of LAD occlusion." | 1.27 | Nicardipine in models of myocardial infarction. ( Alps, BJ; Calder, C; Wilson, A, 1985) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 4 (10.26) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 14 (35.90) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 10 (25.64) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 8 (20.51) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (7.69) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Solinski, HJ | 1 |
| Dranchak, P | 1 |
| Oliphant, E | 1 |
| Gu, X | 1 |
| Earnest, TW | 1 |
| Braisted, J | 1 |
| Inglese, J | 1 |
| Hoon, MA | 1 |
| Abrams, RPM | 1 |
| Yasgar, A | 1 |
| Teramoto, T | 1 |
| Lee, MH | 1 |
| Dorjsuren, D | 1 |
| Eastman, RT | 1 |
| Malik, N | 1 |
| Zakharov, AV | 1 |
| Li, W | 1 |
| Bachani, M | 1 |
| Brimacombe, K | 1 |
| Steiner, JP | 1 |
| Hall, MD | 1 |
| Balasubramanian, A | 1 |
| Jadhav, A | 1 |
| Padmanabhan, R | 1 |
| Simeonov, A | 1 |
| Nath, A | 1 |
| Gedikli, Ö | 1 |
| Akca, M | 1 |
| Yildirim, M | 1 |
| Ekins, S | 1 |
| Puhl, AC | 1 |
| Davidow, A | 1 |
| Bostanci, MÖ | 1 |
| Bagirici, F | 1 |
| Kang, C | 1 |
| Kim, DH | 1 |
| Kim, SC | 1 |
| Lee, SH | 1 |
| Jeong, JH | 1 |
| Kang, TS | 1 |
| Shin, IW | 1 |
| Kim, RB | 1 |
| Lee, DH | 1 |
| Cao, X | 1 |
| Nakamura, Y | 1 |
| Wada, T | 1 |
| Izumi-Nakaseko, H | 1 |
| Ando, K | 1 |
| Zhu, B | 1 |
| Xu, B | 1 |
| Takahara, A | 1 |
| Saitoh, M | 1 |
| Sugiyama, A | 1 |
| Yamamura, A | 1 |
| Hao, Q | 1 |
| Su, H | 1 |
| Marchuk, DA | 1 |
| Rola, R | 1 |
| Wang, Y | 1 |
| Liu, W | 1 |
| Young, WL | 1 |
| Yang, GY | 1 |
| Borbouse, L | 1 |
| Dick, GM | 1 |
| Asano, S | 1 |
| Bender, SB | 1 |
| Dincer, UD | 1 |
| Payne, GA | 1 |
| Neeb, ZP | 1 |
| Bratz, IN | 1 |
| Sturek, M | 1 |
| Tune, JD | 1 |
| Fossat, P | 1 |
| Dobremez, E | 1 |
| Bouali-Benazzouz, R | 1 |
| Favereaux, A | 1 |
| Bertrand, SS | 1 |
| Kilk, K | 1 |
| Léger, C | 1 |
| Cazalets, JR | 1 |
| Langel, U | 1 |
| Landry, M | 1 |
| Nagy, F | 1 |
| Cook, DJ | 1 |
| Kan, S | 1 |
| Ai, J | 1 |
| Kasuya, H | 5 |
| Macdonald, RL | 1 |
| Ito, T | 1 |
| Yamakawa, H | 1 |
| Bregonzio, C | 1 |
| Terrón, JA | 1 |
| Falcón-Neri, A | 1 |
| Saavedra, JM | 1 |
| Amenta, F | 1 |
| Tomassoni, D | 1 |
| Suzuki, M | 1 |
| Hayashi, A | 1 |
| Sasamata, M | 1 |
| Gomes, B | 1 |
| Cabral, MD | 1 |
| Gallard, A | 1 |
| Savignac, M | 1 |
| Paulet, P | 1 |
| Druet, P | 1 |
| Mariamé, B | 1 |
| Moreau, M | 1 |
| Leclerc, C | 1 |
| Guéry, JC | 1 |
| Pelletier, L | 1 |
| Matsuzaki, T | 1 |
| Kano, T | 1 |
| Katayama, Y | 1 |
| Nakamura, S | 1 |
| Harada, T | 1 |
| Blazek, J | 1 |
| Ottomann, C | 1 |
| Muehlberger, T | 1 |
| Chiba, Y | 1 |
| Misawa, M | 1 |
| Kumagai, H | 2 |
| Suzuki, H | 2 |
| Ichikawa, M | 2 |
| Nishizawa, M | 1 |
| Ryuzaki, M | 2 |
| Kumagai, K | 1 |
| Saruta, T | 2 |
| Iwatsuki, N | 1 |
| Takahashi, M | 1 |
| Ono, K | 1 |
| Tajima, T | 1 |
| Takakura, K | 2 |
| Sugiura, Y | 1 |
| Nakajima, K | 1 |
| Goto, Y | 1 |
| Tuncer, R | 1 |
| Matsumura, Y | 1 |
| Jimbo, M | 1 |
| Funato, H | 2 |
| Katsuki, Y | 2 |
| Yano, T | 1 |
| Kawano, H | 2 |
| Akada, Y | 2 |
| Sato, M | 2 |
| Uemura, A | 2 |
| Kamata, K | 1 |
| Hosokawa, M | 1 |
| Kittaka, M | 1 |
| Giannotta, SL | 1 |
| Zelman, V | 1 |
| Correale, JD | 1 |
| DeGiorgio, CM | 1 |
| Weiss, MH | 1 |
| Zlokovic, BV | 1 |
| Kawashima, A | 3 |
| Shiokawa, K | 1 |
| Miyajima, M | 2 |
| Izawa, M | 3 |
| Yamashiro, K | 1 |
| Tomiyama, N | 1 |
| Ishida, A | 1 |
| Terada, Y | 1 |
| Mukawa, J | 1 |
| Yoshii, Y | 1 |
| Tasker, RR | 1 |
| Albe-Fessard, D | 1 |
| Furuya, M | 1 |
| Yoshida, K | 1 |
| Sasahara, A | 2 |
| Hori, T | 2 |
| Aihara, Y | 1 |
| Amagasa, M | 1 |
| Ogawa, A | 1 |
| Yoshimoto, T | 1 |
| Kidooka, M | 1 |
| Matsuda, M | 1 |
| Handa, J | 1 |
| Alps, BJ | 2 |
| Hass, WK | 1 |
| Satoh, K | 1 |
| Kawada, M | 1 |
| Wada, Y | 1 |
| Taira, N | 1 |
| Calder, C | 1 |
| Wilson, A | 1 |
1 review available for nicardipine and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Molecular Mechanism of Dihydropyridine Ca
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Dihydropyridines; Disease Models, Ani | 2016 |
1 trial available for nicardipine and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Development of nicardipine prolonged-release implants after clipping for preventing cerebral vasospasm: from laboratory to clinical trial.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug D | 2013 |
37 other studies available for nicardipine and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell-Free System; Dermatitis, Contact; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, S | 2019 |
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Artificial Intelligence; Chlorocebus aethiops; Disease Models, Animal; Dr | 2020 |
Investigating the mechanism of action of ginkgolides and bilobalide on absence seizures in male WAG/Rij rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bilobalides; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Male | 2023 |
Repurposing the Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Inhibitor Nicardipine as a Na
Topics: Animals; Behavior Control; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Dihydropyridines; Disease Mod | 2020 |
Blocking of L-type calcium channels protects hippocampal and nigral neurons against iron neurotoxicity. The role of L-type calcium channels in iron-induced neurotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Hip | 2013 |
The effects of intravenous lipid emulsion on prolongation of survival in a rat model of calcium channel blocker toxicity.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Arterial Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diltiazem; | 2015 |
Comparison of anti-anginal effect of cilnidipine with those of nicardipine and nifedipine in the vasopressin-induced angina model of rats.
Topics: Angina Pectoris; Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Calciu | 2016 |
Increased tissue perfusion promotes capillary dysplasia in the ALK1-deficient mouse brain following VEGF stimulation.
Topics: Activin Receptors, Type I; Activin Receptors, Type II; Animals; Brain; Capillaries; Cerebrovascular | 2008 |
Impaired function of coronary BK(Ca) channels in metabolic syndrome.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; 2-Chloroadenosine; 3-Pyridinecar | 2009 |
Knockdown of L calcium channel subtypes: differential effects in neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type; CREB-Binding | 2010 |
Cisternal sustained release dihydropyridines for subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dihydropyridines; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Female; Macaca | 2012 |
Protection against ischemia and improvement of cerebral blood flow in genetically hypertensive rats by chronic pretreatment with an angiotensin II AT1 antagonist.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Antihypertensiv | 2002 |
Treatment with nicardipine protects brain in an animal model of hypertension-induced damage.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Astrocytes; Blood Pressure; Dementia, Vascular; Disease Models, An | 2004 |
Nicardipine, a calcium antagonist, does not aggravate intracerebral haemorrhage in an intracerebral haemorrhage model in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Col | 2005 |
Calcium channel blocker prevents T helper type 2 cell-mediated airway inflammation.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Animals; Asthma; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Calcium; Calcium Channel | 2007 |
Intravenous infusion of calcium antagonist, nicardipine, does not increase intracranial pressure: evaluation in a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Infarction; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease M | 2008 |
[Pharmacological therapy of keloids in an athymic mouse model].
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Colchicine; Data Interpretation, Stati | 2008 |
Alteration in Ca2+ availability involved in antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antigens, Helminth; Ascaris suum; Bronchial Hyperreactivity; Bronchoconstric | 1995 |
Different responses of renal blood flow and sympathetic nerve activity to captopril and nicardipine in conscious renal hypertensive rabbits.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Angiotensin II; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Blood Pressure; Captopril; Dise | 1995 |
Hyperbaric oxygen combined with nicardipine administration accelerates neurologic recovery after cerebral ischemia in a canine model.
Topics: Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Chi-Square Distribution; Combined Mod | 1994 |
[The microcirculatory dynamics of prostaglandin E1 and/or nicardipine and their different reactions in the hyper- and hypodynamic state of septic shock in a rat model].
Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Heart Rat | 1993 |
Experimental basilar artery spasm caused by autologous blood application: effects of clot removal and topical nicardipine.
Topics: Animals; Basilar Artery; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Disease Models, Animal; Hydrogen-Ion Concen | 1993 |
Central and peripheral vasopressin interact differently with sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin system in renal hypertensive rabbits.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Blood Pressure; Captopril; Clonidine; Disease Models, | 1993 |
[Effects of lacidipine, a new dihydropyridipine derivative, on various cerebral ischemia models].
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dihydropyridines; Di | 1996 |
Endothelial dysfunction in the perfused kidney from the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat.
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Acetylcholine; Animals; Anticoagulants; Arachidonic Acids; Biological | 1997 |
Attenuation of brain injury and reduction of neuron-specific enolase by nicardipine in systemic circulation following focal ischemia and reperfusion in a rat model.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Ischemic Attack, | 1997 |
Effects of a calcium antagonist, lacidipine, on experimental focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Arterial Diseases; Cerebr | 1997 |
[Efficacy of nicardipine prolonged-release pellet on cerebral vasospasm in dogs].
Topics: Animals; Delayed-Action Preparations; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Isc | 1998 |
Characteristics of neurons with high-frequency discharge in the central nervous system and their relationship to chronic pain. Experimental and clinical investigations.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chronic Disease; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Electric St | 1997 |
[Comparison of effects of verapamil and those of nicardipine on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury: a study in an in situ rabbit model].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Animal; Myocardial Ischem | 1999 |
Prevention of cerebral vasospasm by nicardipine prolonged-release implants in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cerebral Angiography; Delayed-Action Preparations; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Dru | 2000 |
[The efficacy and safety of the nicardipine prolonged-release implant in a canine double hemorrhage model].
Topics: Animals; Delayed-Action Preparations; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Drug Implants; Nicardipine; Safe | 2000 |
Effects of calcium and calcium antagonists against deprivation of glucose and oxygen in guinea pig hippocampal slices.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Anima | 1990 |
Effect of calcium antagonist and agonist on free fatty acid liberation in the ischemic brain of rats.
Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Fatty Acids, Nonesterifie | 1987 |
The potential beneficial effect of nicardipine in a rat model of transient forebrain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Nicardipine; Rats; Rats, Inbred S | 1987 |
Nicardipine releases sustained coronary arterial constriction induced by acetylcholine in the rhesus monkey.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Vasospasm; Coronary Vessels; Disease Models, | 1985 |
Nicardipine in models of myocardial infarction.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Heart Conducti | 1985 |