neuropeptide-y and Convalescence

Two distinct and large bodies of literature exist on resilience that are of potential interest for surgical outcomes. First is the literature on the impact of resilience on surgical recovery and wound-healing. Second is the literature on biomarkers for resilience, which largely focuses on neuropeptide Y (NPY), testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Despite this activity, there is a dearth of literature linking these two bodies of research by investigating biomarkers for surgical resilience and its impact on surgical recovery. This paper reviews both bodies of literature within the context of surgical recovery.. Literature searches within Medline and Embase were conducted for studies and previous reviews of resilience biomarkers and for the impact of individual resilience on surgical recovery. Reference lists of the reviews were searched for additional papers. No systematic review is yet possible due to the novelty of the use of resilience biomarkers within a surgical context.. This is the first review to explore a potential link between resilience biomarkers and surgical recovery. There are a number of biomarkers that correlate with individual resilience levels and resilient individuals exhibit better recovery trajectories following surgery, suggesting a novel use of such biomarkers for the identification of "surgical resilience".. By identifying surgical resilience, there is potential for utilising these biomarkers as prognostic indicators of likely recovery trajectories from surgery, which in turn complement individualised peri-operative management.

Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Biomarkers; Convalescence; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Humans; Neuropeptide Y; Recovery of Function; Resilience, Psychological; Stress, Physiological; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Testosterone; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Disturbances of leptin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and peptide YY (PYY) have been found in women who are ill with anorexia or bulimia nervosa. It is not certain whether peptide disturbances are cause or consequence of eating disorders.. Plasma leptin and cerebrospinal fluid leptin, NPY, and PYY concentrations were measured in women who were recovered from anorexia or bulimia nervosa to determine whether alterations persisted after recovery.. NPY, PYY, and leptin concentrations were similar across all diagnostic groups.. Alterations in NPY, PYY, and serum leptin concentrations are probably secondary to pathological eating behaviors. Alterations of these peptides are unlikely to be trait-related disturbances that contribute to the etiology of eating disorders.

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Anorexia Nervosa; Body Image; Body Mass Index; Bulimia; Convalescence; Female; Humans; Neuropeptide Y; Peptide YY; Proteins; Severity of Illness Index; Spinal Puncture

The sympathetic nervous system is activated in acute myocardial infarction (MI). Scarce data exist, however, regarding the release of the sympathetic cotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) during the acute and early convalescent phases after acute MI. Plasma NPY determination was obtained on days 1 and 3 after admission from 47 patients with acute MI and from eight control patients with acute chest pain without MI. Samples were also obtained on day 30 from the 39 survivors from the original MI cohort. Plasma NPY peaked on day 3 in the MI group (day 1: mean = 46.0 pmol/L, SEM = 6.4 pmol/L; day 3: mean = 60.8 pmol/L, SEM = 5.7 pmol/L; day 30: mean = 27.2 pmol/L, SEM = 4.1 pmol/L; days 1 to 3: p = 0.002; days 3 to 30: p < 0.001), whereas in the control group a nonsignificant decrease from day 1 (mean = 42.6 pmol/L, SEM = 12.3 pmol/L) to day 3 (mean = 34.0 pmol/L, SEM = 5.6 pmol/L) was observed. Plasma NPY levels were significantly increased in patients with MI on day 3 (p = 0.044), but not at baseline compared with the control group. No significant association between plasma NPY and plasma catecholamines, clinical heart failure, or 1-month survival was evident. These results suggest that increased plasma levels of the vasoconstrictory and cardiodepressant sympathetic neurotransmitter NPY are present in the recovery phase of MI, but with a plasma profile distinct from that of catecholamines.

Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Case-Control Studies; Convalescence; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Myocardial Infarction; Neuropeptide Y; Norepinephrine; Sex Factors; Survival Rate