netilmicin and Pneumonia--Bacterial

Fifty-six patients with postpneumonic empyema were treated by sulbactam/ampicillin or cephalothin and netilmicin. Dose of sulbactam/ampicillin was 200 mg/kg per day and of cephalothin was 200 mg/kg per day, and of netilmicin was 5 mg/kg per day. Sulbactam/ampicillin alone was used in 27 patients. Twenty-nine patients were treated with cephalothin plus netilmicin. Days on intravenous antibiotics, days with chest tube, decortication rate, and duration of hospitalization were significantly shorter in sulbactam/ampicillin treatment group compared to cephalothin plus netilmicin group. This study shows that sulbactam/ampicillin is a safe and effective agent in the treatment of postpneumonic empyema in childhood.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chi-Square Distribution; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Empyema, Pleural; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Infant; Lactams; Male; Netilmicin; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Statistics, Nonparametric

Clinical efficacy of netilmicin was evaluated at 22 newborns (body weight from 1000 to 3600 g, delivery on pregnancy period from 28 to 41 weeks) with pneumonia caused by artificial pulmonary ventilation. Pneumonia was moderate at 13 patients and severe at 9 patients. Microorganisms isolated from tracheobronchial aspirates were mainly (in 19 cases of 22) susceptible to netilmicin. The usage of netilmicin in combination with cephalosporins was effective at the main part of the newborns and resulted with the full recovery of 11 newborns (all the patients with moderate pneumonia), in 9 cases improvement was registered (including 7 newborns with severe pneumonia). Newborns with severe pneumonia had a slow pathogens elimination.

Topics: Gentamicins; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Netilmicin; Pneumonia, Bacterial

An open, randomized, multicenter study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of piperacillin/tazobactam and co-amoxiclav plus aminoglycoside in the treatment of hospitalized patients with severe community-acquired or nosocomial pneumonia. Of the 89 patients who entered the study, 84 (94%) were clinically evaluable. A favorable clinical response was observed in 90% of the piperacillin/ tazobactam group and in 84% of the co-amoxiclav/aminoglycoside group (not significant). The bacteriological efficacy was comparable in both groups (96% vs. 92%; not significant). There was only one fatal outcome in the piperacillin/tazobactam group compared to six in the co-amoxiclav/aminoglycoside group regimen (P=0.058). The adverse event rate was non-significantly lower in the piperacillin/ tazobactam group compared to the co-amoxiclav/aminoglycoside group (2% vs. 7%; P=0.32). Piperacillin/tazobactam is safe and highly efficacious in the treatment of serious pneumonia in hospitalized patients. It compares favorably with the combination of co-amoxiclav/aminoglycoside.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Community-Acquired Infections; Cross Infection; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Netilmicin; Penicillanic Acid; Piperacillin; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Treatment Outcome

Three cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), requiring intensive care admission, are presented. The clinical picture of a "typical" bacterial pneumonia in the three patients led to an initial empirical treatment with amoxicillin clavulanic acid or 2(nd) generation cephalosporins. The treatment had to be changed in all three because of clinical failure. Erythromycin was added to the therapy with good clinical evolution. Serology confirmed atypical organisms to be responsible. Only the chest X-ray might have suggested an "atypical" or a "viral-like" agent. A proposition is made for an empirical combination of antibiotics in severely ill patients with CAP with more than unilobar consolidation.

Topics: Adult; Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefuroxime; Cephalosporins; Clarithromycin; Clavulanic Acids; Community-Acquired Infections; Critical Care; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythromycin; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Netilmicin; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Psittacosis; Radiography; Treatment Failure

Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Ceftriaxone; Cephalosporins; Female; Gentamicins; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; HIV Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Netilmicin; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Rhizobium; Stavudine