netilmicin and Necrosis

A fatal case of fulminant hepatic failure that occurred in the neonatal period is reported in a premature infant born after 27 4/7-weeks' gestation. Immediately after birth the infant had severe hypoxia and hypotension resulting from birth asphyxia, hypovolemic shock, and septicemia. At autopsy, histological appearance of the liver showed virtually total hepatocellular necrosis without features of fibrosis. Although the exact cause of hepatocellular injury cannot be fully ascertained, it is assumed that hypoxia and hypotension must have been the predominant factors leading to massive hepatic necrosis.

Topics: Acyclovir; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Bicarbonates; Cloxacillin; Dopamine; Female; Fetal Hypoxia; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Liver; Male; Necrosis; Netilmicin; Pancuronium; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Penicillins; Pregnancy; Prothrombin Time; Sepsis; Shock; Sodium; Sodium Bicarbonate

A case of extensive skin necrosis following intramuscular injections of sisomycin is described. Eight cases of necrosis following subcutaneous injections of aminoside antibiotics have been reported in elderly females under anticoagulant theray, but the pathogenic mechanisms of these lesions have not been investigated. Defective fibrinolysis and abnormalities of oxidative metabolism of neutrophils were noted in our patient. Four major mechanisms are discussed: an Arthus reaction, a thrombotic process, a direct toxicity of aminosides for subcutaneous tissue, or a pyoderma-like neutrophilic reaction. Subjects with a tendency to thrombosis and/or abnormalities of neutrophil functions may be predisposed to these skin necroses.

Topics: Arthus Reaction; Drug Eruptions; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Necrosis; Netilmicin; Neutrophils; Sisomicin; Skin; Skin Ulcer

The nephrotoxic potentials of netilmicin and tobramycin given in doses of 180 mg/kg per day for up to 14 days were compared in Fischer rats. At this dosage, tobramycin produced mortality and significant changes in renal structure and function; netilmicin evoked minimal nephrotoxicity.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gentamicins; Kidney; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Necrosis; Netilmicin; p-Aminohippuric Acid; Rats; Tobramycin