natriuretic-peptide--brain and Burns

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of all biomarkers studied to date for the early diagnosis of sepsis in hospitalized patients with burns.. Early clinical diagnosis of sepsis in burns patients is notoriously difficult due to the hypermetabolic nature of thermal injury. A considerable variety of biomarkers have been proposed as potentially useful adjuncts to assist with making a timely and accurate diagnosis.. We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Biosis Previews, Web of Science, and Medline In-Process to February 2020. We included diagnostic studies involving burns patients that assessed biomarkers against a reference sepsis definition of positive blood cultures or a combination of microbiologically proven infection with systemic inflammation and/or organ dysfunction. Pooled measures of diagnostic accuracy were derived for each biomarker using bivariate random-effects meta-analysis.. We included 28 studies evaluating 57 different biomarkers and incorporating 1517 participants. Procalcitonin was moderately sensitive (73%) and specific (75%) for sepsis in patients with burns. C-reactive protein was highly sensitive (86%) but poorly specific (54%). White blood cell count had poor sensitivity (47%) and moderate specificity (65%). All other biomarkers had insufficient studies to include in a meta-analysis, however brain natriuretic peptide, stroke volume index, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and cell-free DNA (on day 14 post-injury) showed the most promise in single studies. There was moderate to significant heterogeneity reflecting different study populations, sepsis definitions and test thresholds.. The most widely studied biomarkers are poorly predictive for sepsis in burns patients. Brain natriuretic peptide, stroke volume index, TNF-alpha, and cell-free DNA showed promise in single studies and should be further evaluated. A standardized approach to the evaluation of diagnostic markers (including time of sampling, cut-offs, and outcomes) would be useful.

Topics: Biomarkers; Burns; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids; Early Diagnosis; Humans; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sepsis

Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a challenge in terms of diagnosis and classification, its morbidity and mortality remaining high in the face of improving clinical protocols. Current clinical criteria use serum creatinine (sCr) and urine output to classify patients. Ongoing research has identified novel biomarkers that may improve the speed and accuracy of patient evaluation and prognostication, yet the route from basic science to clinical practice remains poorly paved. International evidence supporting the use of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a valuable biomarker of AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD) for a number of clinical scenarios was presented at the 31st International Vicenza Course on Critical Care Nephrology, and these data are detailed in this review. NGAL was shown to be highly useful alongside sCr, urinary output, and other biomarkers in assessing kidney injury; in patient stratification and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) selection in paediatric AKI; in assessing kidney injury in conjunction with sCr in sepsis; in guiding resuscitation protocols in conjunction with brain natriuretic peptide in burn patients; as an early biomarker of delayed graft function and calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity in kidney transplantation from extended criteria donors; as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease and heart failure, and in guiding CRRT selection in the intensive care unit and emergency department. While some applications require further clarification by way of larger randomised controlled trials, NGAL nevertheless demonstrates promise as an independent biological marker with the potential to improve earlier diagnosis and better assessment of risk groups in AKI and CKD. This is a critical element in formulating quick and accurate decisions for individual patients, both in acute scenarios and in long-term care, in order to improve patient prognostics and outcomes.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Acute-Phase Proteins; Age Factors; Biomarkers; Burns; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clinical Trials as Topic; Critical Illness; Graft Survival; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Lipocalin-2; Lipocalins; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Renal Replacement Therapy; Resuscitation; Sepsis; Treatment Outcome

The objective of this study was to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness of blood purification (BP) in severely burned patients with sepsis and to assess the prognostic utilities of early serum levels of procalcitonin (PCT), C reactive protein (CRP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). One hundred and ninety-five burn sepsis patients admitted in our hospital during May, 2008-May, 2014 were selected for the study and randomly divided into BP treatment (n = 98) and the control groups (n = 97). All of these patients received conventional therapy, while the BP group underwent additional BP treatment. Therapeutic effectiveness and survival rates of the two groups were compared 28 days after the treatment. The BP group was further divided into survivor and mortality groups, and the early serum levels of PCT, CRP, and BNP were compared retrospectively to analyze their relationship with prognosis. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation and sequential organ failure assessment scores in the two groups were not significantly different before the treatment (p > 0.05). However, after the treatment, mortality in BP group (19.39 %) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of the controls (27.84 %). Serum levels of PCT and CRP in the survivor and mortality groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05), whereas the serum BNP was significantly lower in the patients who survived than those who died (p < 0.05). The receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis further showed that predictive value of PCT and CRP for the burn sepsis prognosis was low (p > 0.05), however, that of the BNP was good (p < 0.05). The results obtained in this study indicate that BP treatment at an early stage can significantly improve the prognosis of burn sepsis. Furthermore, BNP, an important mediator involved in myocardial infarction and heart failure was found to be positively related with the severity of sepsis suggesting its reliable utility as prognostic indicator of sepsis. Thus, serum BNP monitored during the treatment may assist in adjusting the therapeutic strategies.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Area Under Curve; Burns; C-Reactive Protein; Calcitonin; Female; Hemofiltration; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; ROC Curve; Sepsis; Young Adult

The aim is to examine the prognostic value of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with major burns and sepsis. We collected the data of major burn patients who were admitted to our department. We compared the age, sex, burn area, burn depth, length of hospitalization, and mortality rate between the sepsis group and non-sepsis group and compared NT-proBNP, procalcitonin (PCT), platelet count, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and quick SOFA (qSOFA) score between the survivors and nonsurvivors in the sepsis group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used in sepsis patients to evaluate the prognostic value of NT-proBNP, PCT, SOFA score, qSOFA score, etc. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare the 90-day survival curves of patients. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors that affect the prognosis of sepsis patients. There were 90 major burn patients with sepsis and 114 major burn patients without sepsis. The mortality rate for the major burn sepsis group was significantly higher than that for the non-sepsis group. The NT-proBNP level in sepsis patients in the nonsurvivor group was 2900 pg/ml, which was significantly higher than that in patients in the survivor group. Survival analysis showed that the mean survival time for the NT-proBNP >2000 pg/ml group was 15.08 days. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that NT-proBNP was an independent risk factor for mortality in burn patients with sepsis. NT-proBNP can be used as a prognostic marker in patients with major burns and sepsis.

Topics: Biomarkers; Burns; Humans; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Procalcitonin; Prognosis; ROC Curve; Sepsis

Severely burned and non-burned trauma patients are at risk for acute kidney injury (AKI). The study objective was to assess the theoretical performance of artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) algorithms to augment AKI recognition using the novel biomarker, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), combined with contemporary biomarkers such as N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), urine output (UOP), and plasma creatinine. Machine learning approaches including logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and deep neural networks (DNN) were used in this study. The AI/ML algorithm helped predict AKI 61.8 (32.5) hours faster than the Kidney Disease and Improving Global Disease Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria for burn and non-burned trauma patients. NGAL was analytically superior to traditional AKI biomarkers such as creatinine and UOP. With ML, the AKI predictive capability of NGAL was further enhanced when combined with NT-proBNP or creatinine. The use of AI/ML could be employed with NGAL to accelerate detection of AKI in at-risk burn and non-burned trauma patients.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Acute-Phase Proteins; Adult; Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Biomarkers; Burns; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kidney Function Tests; Lipocalin-2; Machine Learning; Male; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Pilot Projects; Wounds and Injuries

Burn critical care represents a high impact population that may benefit from artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML). Acute kidney injury (AKI) recognition in burn patients could be enhanced by ML. The goal of this study was to determine the theoretical performance of ML in augmenting AKI recognition.. We developed ML models using the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm. The ML models were trained-tested with clinical laboratory data for 50 adult burn patients that had neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), urine output (UOP), creatinine, and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measured within the first 24 h of admission.. Half of patients (50%) in the dataset experienced AKI within the first week following admission. ML models containing NGAL, creatinine, UOP, and NT-proBNP achieved 90-100% accuracy for identifying AKI. ML models containing only NT-proBNP and creatinine achieved 80-90% accuracy. Mean time-to-AKI recognition using UOP and/or creatinine alone was achieved within 42.7 ± 23.2 h post-admission vs. within 18.8 ± 8.1 h via the ML-algorithm.. The performance of UOP and creatinine for predicting AKI could be enhanced by with a ML algorithm using a k-NN approach when NGAL is not available. Additional studies are needed to verify performance of ML for burn-related AKI.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Artificial Intelligence; Burns; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Lipocalin-2; Machine Learning; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Proof of Concept Study; Urine; Young Adult

B-type natriuretic peptide has shown promising results as a biomarker for acute kidney injury in general intensive care patients. It may also indirectly reflect fluid balance of the circulation. Among burn patients, it has been observed to indicate excessive fluid resuscitation and organ dysfunction, although its clinical use to indicate acute kidney injury or guide fluid resuscitation has not been validated. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide values are related to the amount of fluids given after severe burn injury and whether it can act as a novel biomarker for acute kidney injury in these patients. Nineteen consecutive burn patients were included. Plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide was measured daily during 1 week from admission. Other variables such as laboratory values and intravenous infusions were also recorded. The association between acute kidney injury and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide values was analyzed with a multivariable panel regression model, adjusted for burned total body surface area, age, body mass index, and laboratory values. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide values varied between single patients, and even more between the patients who developed acute kidney injury. Older age, lower body mass index, and cumulative infusions were independently associated with higher N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide values, whereas acute kidney injury was not. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide values correlated with cumulative infusions given during the first week. The authors could not validate the role of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker for acute kidney injury in burns.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Burns; Cohort Studies; Female; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Predictive Value of Tests; Time Factors; Young Adult

Topics: Burns; Humans; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Protein Precursors

The aim of this study was to determine whether systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in burn patients is mediated by the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)/natriuretic peptide A receptor (NPRA)-induced heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1) signalling pathway. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) that were isolated from patients with burn injuries and SIRS mouse models and a RAW264.7 cell line were treated with normal serum or serum obtained from animals with burn injuries. In parallel, small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) against BNP or NPRA were transfected in both cell types. Western blotting (WB) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect protein expression and inflammatory factor levels, respectively. We found that interleukin (IL)-12, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-reactive protein (CRP), and BNP levels were increased and IL-10 levels were decreased in the plasma and MNCs in vivo in the animal model of SIRS. Additionally, NPRA was upregulated, whereas HSF-1 was downregulated in monocytes in vivo. Treatment of RAW264.7 cells with burn serum or BNP induced IL-12, TNF-α, and CRP secretion as well as HSF-1 expression. Finally, silencing BNP with shRNA interrupted the effect of burn serum on RAW264.7 cells, and silencing NPRA blocked burn serum- and BNP-mediated changes in RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that the interaction of NPRA with BNP secreted from circulatory MNCs as well as mononuclear macrophages leads to inflammation via HSF-1 during SIRS development following serious burn injury.

Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Biomarkers; Burns; Cell Line; DNA-Binding Proteins; Heat Shock Transcription Factors; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Transcription Factors

In patients with severe burns, resuscitation with large volumes of fluid is needed, partly because of an increase in capillary leakage. Corticosteroids might be beneficial by diminishing capillary leakage. This study aimed to assess in severely burned nonseptic patients whether hydrocortisone (HC) improved outcome and diminished capillary leakage.. Retrospective analyses of a prospectively collected database were performed, including 39 patients (age 52 [35-62] years, 72% male). Patients were divided based on HC therapy. First, in patients in whom HC was started late, that is when deteriorating (late; 5-12 days postburn) data before and after start of HC were compared. Second, patients in whom HC was started day 0 or 1 postburn (upfront; within 48 hours) were compared with patients who did not receive HC (control). Outcome was assessed as organ dysfunction by Denver Multiple Organ Failure (MOF) score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. As markers for capillary leakage and hydration state, proteinuria, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and fluid administration were assessed. Follow-up was 20 days postburn. Possible adverse effects including mortality were recorded. Repeated measurement regression analyses were performed using MLwiN.. In the late group, Denver MOF and SOFA scores significantly decreased after HC (P<.001). Proteinuria tended to decrease (P=.13), BNP increased on the days HC was used (P<.001), and amounts of fluids diminished (P<.001). In the upfront vs control group, Denver MOF and SOFA scores (P<.001) decreased more quickly. Proteinuria (P=.006) and administered fluids decreased more rapidly (P<.001). Mortality rate, numbers of positive blood cultures, incidence of pneumonia, and graft loss were similar in all groups.. Hydrocortisone treatment in severe burned patients without sepsis might improve organ dysfunction possibly because of a reduction in capillary leakage, as reflected by a decrease of proteinuria, an increase of BNP, and diminished fluid resuscitation volumes.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bacteremia; Biomarkers; Blood Culture; Burns; Capillary Permeability; Case-Control Studies; Databases, Factual; Female; Fluid Therapy; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Organ Failure; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Organ Dysfunction Scores; Pneumonia; Proteinuria; Resuscitation; Retrospective Studies

Topics: Burns; Female; Humans; Male; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Sepsis

Topics: Burns; Female; Humans; Male; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Sepsis

Accurate diagnosis of sepsis is difficult in patients post burn due to the large inflammatory response produced by the major insult. We aimed to estimate the values of serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and procalcitonin and the changes in hemodynamic variables as markers of sepsis in critically ill burn patients.. Prospective, observational study.. A quaternary-level university-affiliated ICU.. Fifty-four patients with burns to total body surface area of greater than or equal to 15%, intubated with no previous cardiovascular comorbidities, were enrolled.. At admission, a FloTrac/Vigileo system was attached and daily blood samples taken from the arterial catheter. Infection surveillance was carried out daily with patients classified as septic/nonseptic according to American Burns Consensus criteria.. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, procalcitonin, and waveform analysis of changes in stroke volume index and systemic vascular resistance index were measured within the first 24 hours after burn and daily thereafter for the length of the ICU stay or until their first episode of sepsis. Prevalences of stroke volume variation less than 12% (normovolemia) with hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg) were recorded. Patients with sepsis differed significantly from "no sepsis" for N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, systemic vascular resistance index, and stroke volume index on days 3-7. Procalcitonin did not differ between sepsis and "no sepsis" except for day 3. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves showed excellent discriminative power for B-type natriuretic peptide (p = 0.001; 95% CI, 0.99-1.00), systemic vascular resistance index (p < 0.001; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99), and stroke volume index (p < 0.01; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99) in predicting sepsis but not for procalcitonin (not significant; 95% CI, 0.29-0.46). A chi-square crosstab found that there was no relationship between hypotension with normovolemia (stroke volume variation < 12%) and sepsis.. Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels and certain hemodynamic changes can be used as an early indicator of sepsis in patients with burn injury. Procalcitonin did not assist in the early diagnosis of sepsis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biomarkers; Burns; Calcitonin; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Critical Illness; Female; Hemodynamics; Hospital Mortality; Hospitals, University; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Protein Precursors; Sepsis; Young Adult

Topics: Burns; Female; Humans; Male; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Peptide Fragments; Sepsis

The plasma concentration of natriuretic peptide type B (BNP) or NT-proBNP (P-BNP or P-NT-proBNP) reflects cardiac load. In intensive care unit settings and in chronic inflammation, it is also affected by non-heart-related mechanisms. It has been suggested to be a marker of hydration after severe burns and to predict outcome in critically ill patients, but results are contradictory. We therefore measured P-NT-proBNP after severe burns and related it to injury related variables and to organ dysfunction.. Fifty consecutive patients with a burn size greater than 10% were studied for the first 2 weeks. P-NT-proBNP changes were analyzed in relation to burn size, age, changes in body weight, C-reactive protein in plasma, and organ function assessed as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. P-NT-proBNP showed large day-to-day and between patient variations. Daily change in body weight correlated with P-NT-proBNP only on Day 2, when maximum mobilization of edema occurred. Thereafter, P-NT-proBNP correlated with C-reactive protein in plasma as well as with SOFA scores. Burn size correlated with maximal weight change, which in turn correlated with both time for and value of maximum P-NT-proBNP. Maximal P-NT-proBNP was related to mortality and correlated better with SOFA score on Day 14 compared with age and burn size. In linear regressions, together with age at injury and total body surface area, P-NT-proBNP assessed on Days 3 to 8 was an independent predictor for every subsequent SOFA score measured one or more days later up to Day 14.. P-NT-proBNP exhibited considerable interindividual and day-to-day variations. Values were related to mortality, burn size, water accumulation, posttraumatic response, and organ function. Maximum P-NT-proBNP correlated stronger with length of stay and with organ function on Day 14, compared with age and burn size. High values in Days 3 through 8 were also independent predictors of subsequent organ function up to 2 weeks after injury.. Epidemiologic/prognostic study, level III.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Burn Units; Burns; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Sweden; Trauma Severity Indices; Young Adult

It is difficult to adjust fluid balance adequately in patients with severe burns due to various physical changes. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is emerging as a potential marker of hydration state. Proteinuria is used as a predictor of outcome in severe illness and might correlate to systemic capillary leakage. This study investigates whether combining BNP and proteinuria can be used as a guide for individualized resuscitation and as a predictor of outcome in patients with severe burns.. From 2006 to 2009, 38 consecutive patients (age 47 ± 15 years, 74% male) with severe burns were included and followed for 20 days. All had normal kidney function at admission. BNP and proteinuria were routinely measured. Ordered and actually administered fluid resuscitation volumes were recorded. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was used as the measure of outcome.. BNP increased during follow-up, reaching a plateau level at Day 3. Based on median BNP levels at Day 3, patients were divided into those with low BNP and those with high BNP levels. Both groups had comparable initial SOFA scores. Patients with high BNP received less fluid from Days 3 to 10. Furthermore, patients with a high BNP at Day 3 had less morbidity, reflected by lower SOFA scores on the following days. To minimize effects of biological variability, proteinuria on Days 1 and 2 was averaged. By dividing the patients based on median BNP at Day 3 and median proteinuria, patients with high BNP and low proteinuria had significantly lower SOFA scores during the entire follow-up period compared to those patients with low BNP and high proteinuria.. Patients with higher BNP levels received less fluid. This might be explained by a lower capillary leakage in these patients, resulting in more intravascular fluid and consequently an increase in BNP. In combination with low proteinuria, possibly reflecting minimal systemic capillary leakage, a high BNP level was associated with a better outcome. BNP and proteinuria have prognostic potential in severely burned patients and may be used to adjust individual resuscitation.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Burns; Capillary Leak Syndrome; Female; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Netherlands; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Prospective Studies; Proteinuria; Retrospective Studies; Trauma Severity Indices; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Biomarkers; Burns; Diagnosis, Differential; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Pulmonary Edema; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Smoke Inhalation Injury; Treatment Outcome

To observe the early change in plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level in burn patients with long delayed fluid resuscitation of burn shock and its clinical significance.. Thirty-six burn patients with second and third degree of burn covering 32%-92% total body surface area were enrolled for the study, among them 10 patients were complicated with serious heart failure (heart failure group), and 26 patients rallied from shock after delayed fluid resuscitation without heart failure (stable group). The level of plasma BNP, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined at admission and 3 hours after hospitalization, and 24, 48, 72, 168 hours after the injury in both groups with electrochemiluminescence (ECL).. Compared with stable group, the plasma BNP level (ng/L) of heart failure group at 3 hours after hospitalization, and 24, 48, 72 hours after the burn injury increased significantly (3 hours after hospitalization: 1 521.38+/-121.11 vs. 391.36+/-63.27, 24 hours after burn: 2 516.86+/-193.25 vs. 360.79+/-146.56, 48 hours after burn: 1 587.76+/-169.23 vs. 398.92+/-77.46, 72 hours after burn: 974.45+/-166.33 vs. 283.43+/-68.15, all P<0.01), the level of LVEF lowered significantly (3 hours after hospitalization : 0.33+/-0.03 vs. 0.58+/-0.09, 24 hours after burn: 0.36+/-0.09 vs. 0.60+/-0.10, 48 hours after burn: 0.35+/-0.08 vs. 0.62+/-0.11, 72 hours after burn: 0.39+/-0.10 vs. 0.64+/-0.10, all P<0.05). The levels of LDH (micromolxs(-1) xL(-1)) in stable group were 2.87+/-0.50 at admission, 3.02+/-0.43 3 hours after hospitalization, 4.02+/-0.87 24 hours after burn, 6.90+/-0.87 48 hours after burn, 3.64+/-0.75 72 hours after burn, 2.67+/-0.45 168 hours after burn while in heart failure group, they were 2.97+/-1.40, 3.84+/-0.37, 4.29+/-0.45, 8.50+/-0.38, 3.84+/-0.62, 2.30+/-0.38, respectively; and CK-MB (U/L) in stable group were 59.12+/-13.75 at admission, 70.39+/-10.72 3 hours after hospitalization, 79.29+/-17.27 24 hours after burn, 67.44+/-12.77 48 hours after burn, 30.28+/-7.13 72 hours after burn, 21.44+/-3.15 168 hours after burn while in heart failure group, they were 65.76+/-16.38, 81.46+/-7.92, 86.43+/-14.19, 72.53+/-11.27, 36.39+/-6.18, 22.85+/-7.26, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found in changes in both LDH and CK-MB between two groups (all P>0.05).. Determination of the plasma BNP is a simple and useful method in detecting heart failure during resuscitation of shock after a serious burn injury.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Burns; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Fluid Therapy; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Resuscitation; Shock; Young Adult

To study the plasma content of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with severe burn during shock stage and probe its clinical significance.. Forty-two patients aged 18-60 years, with total burn surface area 30% TBSA or full-thickness burn area > or = 10% TBSA, hospitalized within 4 hours after burn, were divided into A group (with total burn surface area 30%-50% TBSA or full-thickness burn area 10%-20% TBSA, n = 21), and B group (with total burn surface area > 50% TBSA or full-thickness burn area > 20% TBSA, n = 21). Twenty patients admitted during the same time for plastic surgery were enrolled as control group. The plasma levels of BNP, creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, troponin I (TnI) of all patients were determined on admission. The levels of BNP, TnI and fluid resuscitation volume were examined at 8, 16, 24, 48 post burn hour (PBH) in A and B groups. Analysis of correlation between BNP and fluid resuscitation volume was performed.. On admission: BNP level in A group (68 +/- 19 ng/L) and B group (99 +/- 38 ng/L), respectively, was increased as compared with that in control group (17 +/- 7 ng/L, P < 0.01). TnI level in A group (2.13 +/- 0.67 microg/L) and B group (2.98 +/- 0.58 microg/L), respectively, was increased as compared with that in control group (0.12 +/- 0.03 microg/L, P < 0.01). There was no obvious difference in CK, CK-MB levels among A, B, and control groups (P > 0.05). BNP levels in A, B groups continuously rose during 8-48 PBH, and they were positively correlated with fluid resuscitation volume. TnI level peaked at 24 PBH, and decreased at 48 PBH.. The plasma level of BNP is sensitive to reflect changes in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia as a rise in level of TnI in shock stage of severe burn, and it was positively correlated with fluid resuscitation volume. BNP can be used to guide fluid resuscitation during shock stage.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Burns; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Shock; Young Adult

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) released from cardiac myocytes plays an important role in cardiac homeostasis through cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) activation. BNP also reduces cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. The antifibrotic effects of BNP are mediated in part by blocking the effects of transforming growth factor beta, a profibrotic cytokine that plays a significant role in cutaneous wound healing. It is unclear if BNP plays any role in cutaneous wound healing.. To investigate if BNP levels would be elevated in thermally injured human skin and if human-derived fibroblasts would respond to BNP exposure by increasing levels of cGMP.. This was an in vitro analysis of human skin. Skin samples and cells were collected from patients with and without thermal injury. The authors stained three skin samples from normal skin (taken at the time of elective cosmetic surgery) with antibodies to BNP and compared these with three tissue samples obtained from burned human skin taken during tangential excision of deep burns. Normal human-derived fibroblasts and keratinocytes were exposed in triplicate to BNP in vitro, and cGMP accumulation was evaluated. Levels of cGMP were quantified and compared with analysis of variance.. BNP was present in all specimens of thermally injured skin (especially around collagen, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells) but not in any uninjured skin samples (p = 0.05, single-tailed Fisher's exact test). In vitro grown fibroblasts showed significant increases of cGMP levels with increasing levels of BNP exposure (mean [+/-SD]: 0.6 [+/-0.3], 1.2 [+/-0.2], 4.6 [+/-0.1], and 5.0 [+/-0.9] pmol/mL with BNP concentrations of 0, 10, 500, and 1,000 nmol/L, respectively; p < 0.001). The effect of BNP on keratinocytes was minimal and below the level of quantification.. These findings demonstrate proof of principle that human fibroblasts are responsive to the effects of BNP in vitro and that BNP is present in injured skin, suggesting that BNP may play a role in cutaneous wound healing.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Burns; Cells, Cultured; Fibroblasts; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; In Vitro Techniques; Keratinocytes; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Pilot Projects; Skin

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Burns; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Agents; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Rhabdomyolysis; Treatment Outcome