naloxone and Sleep-Initiation-and-Maintenance-Disorders

Insomnia leads to the development of mental problems and missing of accuracy in affected persons. Various investigations have previously revealed which medicinal plants play a role in the improvement of insomnia. In this study, we evaluated the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of. The extracts and fractions at different concentrations were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) to mice 30 min before the sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg, i.p.). Additionally, the blood was collected from cardiac and serum separated to measure brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The LC-MS was done to identify the active components. Flumazenil or naloxone were also applied to study the possible mechanism of extract. The PC12 cells were then exposed to different doses of extract and fractions, in order to evaluate cytotoxicity by MTT assay and the measured LD. This research demonstrated that

Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Datura stramonium; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Mice; Naloxone; Pentobarbital; Plant Extracts; Rats; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

REM sleep deprivation induced by means of the platform technique (72 h) was followed by a period of latency to sleep characterized by a marked excitement in rats. The administration of naloxone at the end of the REM deprivation period reduced this latency to sleep while morphine, beta-endorphin and DADLE prolonged it. The dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 was extremely potent (0.003 mg/kg) to reduce the latency to sleep and the excitement while the D1 agonist SKF 38393 induced an opposite effect. The dopamine D2 receptor antagonist L-sulpiride was inactive up to a dose of 25 mg/kg. These data suggest that hyperactivity of the opioid and dopamine systems (specifically mediated through D1 receptors) is involved in such behaviour.

Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Appetite Depressants; Benzazepines; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Haloperidol; Male; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sleep, REM; Stress, Psychological; Sulpiride

The synthetic nonapeptide DSIP was studied in rabbits and cats under normal conditions and under conditions of disturbed sleep. In other experiments, the effect of the oligopeptide on withdrawal jumping provoked by naloxone in morphine-dependent mice was studied. In rabbits, DSIP at 25 micrograms X kg-1 i.v. and 1 mg X kg-1 s.c. augmented spindle-dominated, light nonREM sleep and prevented hyposomnia after a stressful situation. In cats, 25 micrograms X kg-1 i.v. and 100 micrograms X kg-1 s.c. preferentially augmented REM sleep and abolished the sleep suppressant effect of morphine. In morphine-dependent mice, 25.5 micrograms X kg-1 i.v. as well as doses beyond 85 micrograms X kg-1 s.c. attenuated naloxone-induced withdrawal jumping. In most experimental situations, indications for bell-shaped dose-response curves of DSIP were found.

Topics: Animals; Cats; Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Rabbits; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Care; Drug Evaluation; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Legislation, Drug; Male; Middle Aged; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Nausea; New York City; Pilot Projects; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; United States