myelin-basic-protein and Vasospasm--Intracranial

Increased plasma copeptin concentrations are related to poor prognosis after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The aim of this study was to assess prognostic significance of plasma copeptin detection compared with glial fibrillary astrocyte protein, myelin basic protein, S100B, phosphorylated axonal neurofilament subunit H, neuron-specific enolase, tau and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 in aSAH.. We detected plasma concentrations of the aforementioned biomarkers in 105 healthy controls using ELISA. Their predictive ability for symptomatic cerebral vasospasm and 6-month poor outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 1-3) were compared.. Plasma concentrations of the preceding biomarkers were highly correlated with World Federation of Neurological Surgeons subarachnoid hemorrhage scale (WFNS) scores as well as were significantly higher in patients with symptomatic cerebral vasospasm than in those without symptomatic cerebral vasospasm and in patients with poor outcome than in those with good outcome. In terms of area under receiver operating characteristic curve, their predictive value for symptomatic cerebral vasospasm and 6-month poor outcome was in the range of WFNS scores. Plasma copeptin concentration, but not plasma concentrations of other biomarkers, statistically significantly improved the predictive performance of WFNS scores.. Copeptin in plasma might have the potential to be a useful prognostic biomarker for aSAH.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Female; Gene Expression; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glycopeptides; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Male; Middle Aged; Myelin Basic Protein; Neurofilament Proteins; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; tau Proteins; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase; Vasospasm, Intracranial

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is known to be important for oligodendrocyte survival and myelination. In the current study, the authors examined the hypothesis that exogenous IGF-1 could reduce postischemic white matter injury. Bilateral brain injury was induced in near-term fetal sheep by 30 minutes of reversible carotid artery occlusion. Ninety minutes after ischemia, either vehicle (n = 8) or a single dose of 3 microg IGF-1 (n = 9) was infused intracerebroventricularly over 1 hour. White matter changes were assessed after 4 days recovery in the parasagittal intragyral white matter and underlying corona radiata. Proteolipid protein (PLP) mRNA staining was used to identify bioactive oligodendrocytes. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and isolectin B-4 immunoreactivity were used to label astrocytes and microglia, respectively. Myelin basic protein (MBP) density and the area of the intragyral white matter tracts were determined by image analysis. Insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment was associated with significantly reduced loss of oligodendrocytes in the intragyral white matter (P < 0.05), with improved MBP density (P < 0.05), reduced tissue swelling, and increased numbers of GFAP and isolectin B-4 positive cells compared with vehicle treatment. After ischemia there was a close association of PLP mRNA labeled cells with reactive astrocytes and macrophages/microglia. In conclusion, IGF-1 can prevent delayed, postischemic oligodendrocyte cell loss and associated demyelination.

Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Fetal Diseases; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Lectins; Microglia; Myelin Basic Protein; Myelin Proteolipid Protein; Oligodendroglia; Reperfusion Injury; RNA, Messenger; Sheep; Vasospasm, Intracranial

No marker that predicts accurately the time of occurrence of cerebral vasospasm due to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been reported. In the present study, membrane-bound tissue factor (mTF) and myelin basic protein (MBP) concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were evaluated as a predictor of the time of occurrence of cerebral vasospasm. The mTF and MBP concentrations were measured in the CSF from 28 patients with SAH due to ruptured aneurysm. Serial assays were performed from day 4 to day 14 after SAH. CSF mTF and MBP concentrations from days 5 to 9 correlated with the volume of cerebral infarction due to vasospasm and outcome three months after SAH. From the serial assays, CSF mTF measurements predicted the time of occurrence and severity and irreversibility of symptoms due to vasospasm. In conclusion, CSF mTF is predictive of the occurrence and the recovery of cerebral vasospasm, while CSF MBP is only an indicator of severity of brain damage due to vasospasm.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cerebral Infarction; Female; GPI-Linked Proteins; Humans; Male; Membrane Proteins; Metalloproteins; Middle Aged; Myelin Basic Protein; Neoplasm Proteins; Predictive Value of Tests; Spinal Puncture; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Vasospasm, Intracranial