myelin-basic-protein and Depressive-Disorder

It is proposed that some cases of depressive illness in cancer patients may be caused by immunological interference with the activity of serotinin, one of the neurotransmitters thought to be implicated in depression. This interference could be mediated in two ways. Antibody induced against a protein released from cancer cells could, on the basis of cross-reactivity with CNS tissue, bind to receptors for serotonin and block them. Such primary antibodies could stimulate the production of anti-idiotypic antibodies, which would act as an alternative receptor for serotonin and reduce its synaptic availability.

Topics: Animals; Antigens, Neoplasm; Autoimmune Diseases; Brain; Cross Reactions; Depressive Disorder; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Myelin Basic Protein; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms; Rabbits; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin

To investigate the neuropsychological characteristics and changes in CRP, S100B, MBP, HSP-7, and NSE in serum.. Sixty-six (66) patients treated in our hospital as CCCI group were chosen for our study, and 90 patients with depression were selected as the depression group. The patients in both groups were examined with CT perfusion, depression, anxiety and cognition evaluation. Their serum CRP, S100B, MBP, HSP-70 and NSE levels were detected. Neuropsychological and serum markers characteristics were compared.. The CBF and CBV in bilateral basal ganglia, frontal lobes, greater oval center, brain stem, and left and right regions of occipital lobes of the patients in CCCI group were significantly lower than in the depression group. The HAMD and HAMA scores of CCCI group patients were significantly lower than in the depression group; CCCI group performed better regarding attention, memory, abstract terms and delayed recall. CCCI also had significantly higher total scores than the depression group. Serum CRP, S100B, MBP, HSP-70 and NSE levels in CCCI group were significantly higher than in the depression group. The differences reach statistical significance (p<0.05).. CCCI patients who are accompanied by minor depressive disorder have different degrees of cognitive impairment and experience a significant rise in serum CRP, S100B, MBP, HSP-70 and NSE.

Topics: Aged; Anxiety; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chronic Disease; Depressive Disorder; Female; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myelin Basic Protein; Neuropsychological Tests; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Risk Factors; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

To study the possibility of using immunological parameters for the evaluation of the activity of endogenous process in depression and quality of response to psychopharmacotherapy.. Authors examined 42 patients, aged 20-55 years, with the prevalence of anxiety (n = 22) or apathy (n = 20) in the clinical picture of depression. The following immunological parameters were measured in the blood of the patients: degranulation activity of leukocyte elastase (LE), functional activity of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha-1-PI); the level of autoantibodies to neuroantigen S-100B and myelin basic protein.. The involvement of inflammatory and autoimmune responses in the pathophysiology of endogenous depression was confirmed. Depression associated with increased levels of autoantibodies to brain neuroantigens (an autoimmune component) had a more complicated structure and showed the tendency to prolonged course and resistance to the therapy. The results suggest that some immunological parameters may be used as markers of patient's clinical status and quality and completeness of psychopathological symptom reduction.. Цель исследования - изучение иммунологических показателей крови пациентов при разных клинических вариантах эндогенных депрессий, а также взможности их использования для оценки активности болезненного процесса и полноты терапевтического ответа в ходе проведения психофармакотерапии. Материал и методы. Обследовали 42 пациентов в возрасте 20-55 лет с доминированием в клинической картине депрессии и тревоги (22 больных) или апатии (20 больных). Определялись следующие иммунологические показатели: дегрануляционная активность лейкоцитарной эластазы, функциональная активность α1-протеиназного ингибитора; уровень аутоантител к нейроантигенам - S100B и основному белку миелина. Результаты и заключение. Была подтверждена вовлеченность воспалительных и аутоиммунных реакций в патофизиологию эндогенных депрессий. Установлено, что депрессии, ассоциированные с наличием повышенного уровня аутоантител к нейроантигенам мозга в крови пациентов (аутоиммунный компонент), имели более сложную структуру и обнаруживали тенденцию к затяжному течению с признаками резистентности к терапии. Проведенное исследование дает основание предположить, что ряд иммунологических показателей может быть использован для объективизации клинического состояния пациентов как маркеры качества и полноты редукции психопатологической симптоматики.

Topics: Adult; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Leukocyte Elastase; Male; Middle Aged; Myelin Basic Protein; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; Young Adult

It is difficult for clinicians to diagnose schizophrenia solely based on interviews. We explored the diagnostic efficiency and predictive capability of serum biomarkers for schizophrenia.. Levels of β nerve growth factor (β-NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon γ (IFN-γ), calcium binding protein S100β, myelin basic protein (MBP), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured in the sera of 278 schizophrenia patients, 240 depression and bipolar disorder patients, and 260 healthy controls. DSM-IV-TR criteria were used as the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia and depressive and bipolar disorders. The diagnostic efficiency was high in patients with schizophrenia compared with the healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to ascertain the diagnostic efficiency of the 8 proteins. Data were collected between July 2010 and December 2012.. One-way analysis of variance significantly demonstrated lower serum BDNF, MBP, and GFAP levels (F = 16.504, P < .001; F = 207.209, P < .001; F = 33.668, P < .001, respectively) but higher serum IL-6 and S100β concentrations (F = 15.250, P < .001; F = 12.751, P < .001, respectively) among patients with schizophrenia. ROC analysis of the discriminant scores of the serum β-NGF, BDNF, IL-6, S100β, MBP, and GFAP levels resulted in significant discrimination between the schizophrenia and control groups (AUC = 0.922) and the depressive/bipolar disorder and control groups (AUC = 0.762).. Serum levels of 6 proteins (but not TNF-α and IFN-γ) contribute most to the diagnosis of schizophrenia. These proteins may prove to be useful adjuncts for the clinical assessment of this disease.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Bipolar Disorder; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Case-Control Studies; Depressive Disorder; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-6; Male; Myelin Basic Protein; Nerve Growth Factor; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; ROC Curve; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; Schizophrenia; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult

Depressive behavior in animals is often associated with reduced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and impaired neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Recent studies showed that T cells recognizing central nervous system (CNS)-specific antigens can regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis and expression of BDNF. On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that controlling CNS specific immune activity by immunization with a myelin-related peptide may have an antidepressant effect.. We investigated the impact of immunization with a CNS related peptide, on the behavioral and cellular outcomes of chronic mild stress (CMS; an animal model for depression) in rats.. Immunization with a weak agonist of a myelin-derived peptide ameliorated depressive behavior such as anhedonia (measured by sucrose preference), induced by CMS in rats. The behavioral outcome was accompanied by restoration of hippocampal BDNF levels and neurogenesis.. The results of this study introduce a novel approach of immunization with CNS-related antigens as a therapeutic means for fighting depression. Vaccination, as an antidepressant therapy, may invoke several molecular and cellular pathways that are known to be regulated by antidepressant drugs. Therefore, we suggest that immune-based therapies should be considered for treatment of depression.

Topics: Animals; Antimetabolites; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Bromodeoxyuridine; Chronic Disease; Depressive Disorder; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Exploratory Behavior; Food Preferences; Immunization; Immunohistochemistry; Motor Activity; Myelin Basic Protein; Myelin Proteins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Swimming; Vaccination