mycophenolic-acid-glucuronide and Dyspepsia

The tolerance and pharmacokinetics (PK) of tacrolimus (T) by the addition of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in stable kidney transplant patients (6/group) on long-term tacrolimus-based therapy were investigated. Patients received combination T and MMF therapy at three MMF doses: 1, 1.5, and 2 g/day administered twice daily. A 12-hour blood PK profile for T was obtained prior to MMF dosing; concomitant 12-hour profiles for T, mycophenolic acid (MPA), and mycophenolic acid glucuronide (MPAG) were obtained after 2 weeks of administration. Tolerance was monitored through 3 months. The intra- and intergroup PK of T were variable. The mean AUC0-12 of T for each group was increased after 2 weeks of concomitant MMF administration, but the increase was not statistically significant. Both drugs were well tolerated. Gastrointestinal events were of interest as such have been attributed to both T and MMF. Events reported were diarrhea, nausea, dyspepsia, and vomiting. Other common adverse events were headache, hypomagnesemia, and tremors. Most were mild, although a few were considered to be moderate. There was no apparent relationship between the incidence of any adverse event and MMF treatment group. In the present study, the coadministration of T and MMF did not significantly alter T pharmacokinetics.

Topics: Adult; Area Under Curve; Diarrhea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Dyspepsia; Female; Glucuronates; Glucuronides; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Nausea; Prodrugs; Tacrolimus; Vomiting