muramidase and Tonsillitis

The efficacy of two commercially available throat lozenges (test preparation with lysozyme, papain and bacitracin as active ingredients, comparative preparation with a disinfectant only) has been tested under conditions of a randomized clinical study. Two groups of 50 patients each with the indications pharyngitis and/or tonsillitis, acute or subacute, have been compared under the conditions of an ENT-practice. The efficacy of the test preparation was established by the general amelioration evaluated by physician and patient and the symptoms reddening, swelling and coating of the throat, pain on swallowing and hoarseness, swelling and pain of lymph nodes. It is supposed that this superiority is due to the enzyme lysozyme and papain in the test preparation.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacitracin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hoarseness; Humans; Male; Muramidase; Papain; Pharyngitis; Tonsillitis

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Drug Combinations; Humans; Muramidase; Papain; Pharyngitis; Tonsillitis

In a controlled clinical trial Frubienzym (throat lozenges with 5 mg lysozyme, 2 mg papaine and 200 I.U. bacitracin) or placebo have been given to 100 patients with pharyngitis and/or tonsillitis for 4 days. Under treatment with Frubienzym reddening, swelling, matter and mucus in the throat, coughing, swelling and pain of lymphatic ganglions and pain of swallowing vanished more quickly than under placebo. The differences were significant (p less than 0,05, p less than 0,001 or even p less than 0,001; U-test of Wilcoxon, Man and Whitney). There were no side effects which could be attributed to Frubienzym.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Bacitracin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Male; Muramidase; Papain; Pharyngitis; Tonsillitis

Salivary gland agenesis is a rare condition. It can be associated with some equally rare syndromes so that diagnosis can be delayed.. The authors describe a case report. A 3-year-old girl, presented with dry mouth, carious teeth, recurrent herpes labialis and tonsillitis to Newcastle Dental Hospital. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by 'salivary gland agenesis'.. Primary and secondary paediatric healthcare professionals should be aware of the possibility of salivary gland agenesis in the setting of the 'non drooling baby'. Early detection of 'salivary gland agenesis' would do much to prevent the deleterious oral affects which follow the absence of salivary protection in the oral cavity.

Topics: Child, Preschool; Dental Caries; Drug Combinations; Female; Glucose Oxidase; Herpes Labialis; Humans; Lactoperoxidase; Muramidase; Recurrence; Saliva, Artificial; Salivary Glands; Tonsillitis; Xerostomia

Muramidase and lactoferrin are important components of the antimicrobial defense system. Muramidase has the ability of opsonization and immunopotentiation and therefore a close relation to the lymphatic tissue. Till now there are only immunohistochemical and microbiological studies on the presence of muramidase and lactoferrin in adenoid and tonsil tissue available.. We investigated the concentrations of muramidase and lactoferrin in palatine tonsils and adenoidal hypertrophies quantitatively using ELISA.. We investigated tissue of 18 palatine tonsils and 16 pharyngeal tonsils.. We found a significant difference in the concentration of muramidase but no difference in the concentration of lactoferrin between adenoids and tonsils. There was no significant difference in the concentration of lactoferrin and muramidase between the hypertrophic and chronic infected tonsils. There was no correlation between the age of the patients and the concentration of muramidase and lactoferrin. A connection between the microbial biofilm, the concentration of the proteins and the recurrent tonsillitis is discussed.. Due to the production of muramidase and lactoferrin adenoids and tonsils play an important role in the local antimicrobial defense in any age or inflammation.

Topics: Adenoids; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Biofilms; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Hypertrophy; Lactoferrin; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Palatine Tonsil; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis

Oral and pharyngeal cavities harbor a commensal bacterial flora which is kept in check by several innate and acquired agents. In this study, we focused on the proportions in which some antibacterial moderators (lysozyme, lactoferrin, IgG and S-IgA) coat the tonsillar surface bacteria in healthy individuals, in patients with acute tonsillitis (AT) culture-positive for Streptococcus pyogenes, and in patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).. Bacterial samples were collected for aerobic culturing and immunocytochemical evaluation from the tonsillar surfaces of eight healthy individuals (four males, four females; age range 16-22 years), eight patients with current AT (two males, six females; age range 16-29 years) and seven patients with IM (four males, three females; age range 15-21 years). The immunocytochemical assay was based on gold-labeled antiserum to human lysozyme, lactoferrin, IgG and S-IgA followed by gold particle tracing in the transmission electron microscope.. During AT, a significant increase in lysozyme coating (P<0.05) and lactoferrin coating (P<0.0005) of the bacteria was noted, whereas the S-IgA coating was significantly reduced (P<0.0005). During IM infection, a significant increase in lactoferrin coating was noted (P<0.0005) whereas immunoglobulin coating was significantly reduced (IgG P<0.025; S-IgA P<0.0005) compared with healthy controls. During IM, all antibacterial moderators evaluated were significantly reduced compared with the situation during AT.. Noticeable changes in the local innate and acquired bacterial defence system were observed during tonsillar infections, particularly during IM.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Female; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Immunohistochemistry; Infectious Mononucleosis; Lactoferrin; Male; Muramidase; Palatine Tonsil; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pyogenes; Tonsillitis

Bacterial samples were obtained from the tonsillar surfaces of seven patients (four males, three females; median age 18 years, range 15 to 21 years) suffering from acute infectious mononucleosis with concomitant pharyngotonsillitis, and from five healthy controls. By using gold-labelled antiserum to human lysozyme and lactoferrin, micro-organisms on the tonsillar surfaces coated with these antibacterial substances could be identified by tracing the gold particles in the transmission electron microscope. In healthy individuals, most of the bacteria were coated with lysozyme and significantly more bacteria were coated with lysozyme than with lactoferrin (p < 0.01). In patients there was a non-significant reduction in lysozyme-coating of the bacteria, whereas lactoferrin-coating was significantly increased (p < 0.01). Changes in the lysozyme and/or lactoferrin coating of the tonsillar surface bacteria on the palatine tonsils during infectious mononucleosis cannot explain the tendency to immense local bacterial colonization with commensals and proneness to bacterial penetration into the epithelial cells.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lactoferrin; Male; Muramidase; Palatine Tonsil; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tonsillitis

Topics: Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Biomarkers; Focal Infection; Giant Cells; Hyperplasia; Immunohistochemistry; Muramidase; Psoriasis; S100 Proteins; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Lasers; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Pharyngitis; Saliva; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adult; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Complement System Proteins; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Muramidase; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Antistreptolysin; Antitoxins; Humans; Influenza A virus; Influenza Vaccines; Influenza, Human; Muramidase; Palatine Tonsil; Staphylococcus; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis; Vaccination

Topics: Bacitracin; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Muramidase; Papain; Pharyngitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Tonsillitis

Topics: Bacitracin; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Muramidase; Papain; Pharyngitis; Tonsillitis

Treatment of inflammations of the oral and pharyngeal cavities (glossitis, pharyngitis, pharyngolaryngitis, tonsillitis) in 60 patients with Larypront Throat Tablets alone, without administration of systemic antibiotics, gave very good results in 49 cases (81.6%) with complete regression of the complaints in 3-4 days. In 11 patients with acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis without demonstrable effect, systemic antibiotic therapy had to be added because of radiologically demonstrable acute sinusitis or increasing antibacterial infection. Side effects were not seen with the use of Larypront in any case.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dequalinium; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Female; Glossitis; Humans; Laryngitis; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Quinolinium Compounds; Tonsillitis

Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Antitoxins; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Cellulitis; Complement System Proteins; Humans; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Osteomyelitis; Otitis; Phagocytosis; Sinusitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Surgical Wound Infection; Tonsillitis; Ulcer

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies; Antineoplastic Agents; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Chronic Disease; Complement System Proteins; Depression, Chemical; Drug Synergism; Humans; Middle Aged; Mouth; Muramidase; Nasopharynx; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Respiratory System; Serratia marcescens; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Streptococcus pyogenes; Tongue; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adenoids; Adolescent; Anabolic Agents; Asthma; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Humans; Immune Sera; Inflammation; Muramidase; Pneumonia; Saliva; Skin Tests; Tonsillitis

Topics: Herpes Zoster; Humans; Laryngitis; Muramidase; Tonsillitis

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Inflammation; Muramidase; Palatine Tonsil; Tonsillitis

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Blood; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Inflammation; Muramidase; Palatine Tonsil; Tonsillitis