muramidase and Rodent-Diseases

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) and histiocyte-associated lymphoma (HAL) of mice are difficult to distinguish histologically. Studies of multiple cases initially diagnosed as HS or HAL allowed us to define HS as round, fusiform, or mixed cell types that were F4/80+, Mac-2+, and PAX5-; that lacked markers for other sarcomas; and that had immune receptor genes in germline configuration. Two other subsets had clonal populations of lymphocytes. The first, HAL, featured malignant lymphocytes admixed with large populations of normal-appearing histiocytes. The second appeared to be composites of lymphoma and HS. Several cases suggestive of B myeloid-lineage plasticity were also observed.

Topics: Animals; Antigens, Differentiation; Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Galectin 3; Histiocytic Sarcoma; Lymphoma; Male; Mice; Muramidase; PAX5 Transcription Factor; Rodent Diseases

This study was conducted to investigate the immune status of Psammomys obesus (P. obesus) most implicated as a reservoir host of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in the Al-Ahsa area, Saudi Arabia. Based on the presence of amastigotes in the characteristic lesions and, rodents were divided into two groups. G1 was apparently healthy 10 rodents and G2 were infected 10 ones. Reduced leukocyte count, percentage lymphocyte and lysozome activity occurred in infected rodents compared to control ones. The infection significantly reduced the macrophage phagocytic activity reflected by two fold reduction in intravascular carbon clearance compared to control rodents. The results showed that ZCL produced an immunosuppressant effects in P. obesus.

Topics: Animals; Case-Control Studies; Disease Reservoirs; Gerbillinae; Immunocompromised Host; Leishmaniasis; Leukocyte Count; Lymphocyte Count; Muramidase; Rodent Diseases; Saudi Arabia

A 2-year-old Sprague-Dawley rat with hindlimb paralysis was diagnosed with a cerebral malignant astrocytoma. The distinctive feature of this astrocytoma was the presence of scattered binucleated cells that contained hypereosinophilic, 1-2 micro m in diameter, cytoplasmic granules. The neoplastic astrocytes stained positively for vimentin (VIM), lysozyme, and phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH). Within the binucleated cells, granules stained with PTAH and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) before and after diastase digestion. Ultrastructurally, neoplastic astrocytes were characterized by cytoplasmic aggregates of electron-dense intermediate filaments consistent with VIM and desmin. The cytoplasm of binucleated cells contained numerous phagolysosomes enlarged by myelin figures and glycoprotein or glycolipid. Intermediate filaments were not present. This is the first description, in the rat, of a neoplasm with features resembling the human granular cell astrocytoma. Our findings suggest that an astrocytic origin should be considered for the binucleated cells in this neoplasm.

Topics: Animals; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Granular Cell Tumor; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Electron; Muramidase; Phosphotungstic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rodent Diseases; Telencephalon; Vimentin