muramidase and Pyelonephritis

Antimicrobial effect of lysozyme in combination with a wide set of antimicrobial drugs (38) was studied with respect to 74 bacterial cultures. It was shown that synergism of the antimicrobial effect in the presence of lysozyme was variable for drugs differing in the mechanism of their action and depended on the pathogen species. The most pronounced synergistic effect was observed with respect to grampositive bacteria with the use of many drugs such as benzylpenicillin, ampiox, morphocycline, erythromycin and others. The potentiation effect of lysozyme was less pronounced with respect to Coli bacteria and Pseudomonas. Combination of lysozyme with aminoglycosides such as gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin and amikacin resulted in increasing antimicrobial effect with respect to practically all the microbial cultures tested. The clinical trials of the efficient combinations of the antibiotics and lysozyme studied experimentally proved their high efficacy in combined therapy of patients with pneumonia and pyelonephritis of bacterial genesis. Thus, in children with acute pneumonia (92 observations) it resulted in more rapid elimination of the temperature reaction, toxic and cardiorespiratiry syndromes, cough and physical signs of the disease. In treatment of 83 children with pyelonephritis complete clinico-laboratory remission was observed in 81 per cent of the cases against 56.4 per cent in the patients treated with the antibiotics without lysozyme.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Child; Drug Evaluation; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Muramidase; Pneumonia; Pyelonephritis

To perform an experimental evaluation of the effect of Phytofron, used for the treatment of urinary tract infections, on the ability of opportunistic pathogens to inactivate innate immunity factors (lysozyme, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines) and form biofilms.. In vitro experiments were carried out on clinical isolates from urine of patients with pyelonephritis and cystitis: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, S. haemolyticus, S. epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis. The effect of Fitofron NPO FarmVILAR (Russia) on the anticytokine activity of bacteria against regulatory cytokines (IL4, IL6, IL8, TNF and IL17A) was determined by enzyme immunoassay, while anti-lysozyme trait and the ability to form biofilms was evaluated by the photometric method.. The inhibitory effect of Fitofron on the ability of opportunistic microorganisms to inactivate innate immunity factors (lysozyme) and form biofilms, as well as the predominant inhibition of the studied cytokines, was experimentally established.. Inhibition of the persistence factors of opportunistic pathogens by Fitofron, documented in vitro, can be considered as one of the possible mechanisms of its biological activity in vivo.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Biofilms; Cytokines; Escherichia coli; Humans; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Aged; Bacillus subtilis; Bacteria; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Male; Micrococcus; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Staphylococcus epidermidis

Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

The diagnostical relevance of the low-molecular proteins ribonuclease, beta 2-microglobulin and lysozyme in serum and urine to detect a reduced glomerular filtration rate was examined in 52 patients with chronic renal diseases. The radioisotope clearance using 99mTc-DTPA was the base reference; the reference values of the low-molecular proteins were estimated in a control group. Ribonuclease was increased above the upper borderline value, if the glomerular filtration rate was lower than 1.24 ml s-1. Creatinine, beta 2-microglobulin and lysozyme remain yet in part in the normal range. The estimation of the ribonuclease in serum is suitable to detect an impaired glomerular filtration rate if the creatinine value is still not increased. Thereby, the diagnostics in renal diseases may be improved in the creatinine-blind area.

Topics: Adult; beta 2-Microglobulin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Molecular Weight; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Ribonucleases

Different electrophoretic mobility of urine lysozyme was established in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis during electrophoresis in 12% polyacrylamide gel (gel pH 4.3, electrode buffer pH 4.0). The examination of 128 patients has shown that anode position of lysozyme in electrophoretic tubes is observed in 95% of patients with chronic pyelonephritis, and its anode position in 92% of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. A method of urine lysozyme electrophoresis under the above conditions was proposed as a noninvasive method of differential diagnosis of chronic glomerulonephritides and chronic pyelonephritides.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

The effect of subinhibitory doses of 25 antibiotics on the antilysozyme property of enterobacteria considered as a marker of their persistence was studied. This provided dividing the antibiotics into 3 groups: antibiotics increasing the bacterial capacity for lysozyme degradation, antibiotics indifferent with respect to this property and antibiotics decreasing it. Decreasing of the Salmonella antilysozyme activity by gentamicin under experimental conditions promoted suppression of the bacteria parasitism in Hep-2 cells. Clinical and laboratory studies on the effect of antibiotic therapy under the control of the time course of the antilysozyme property of the pathogen in patients with acute dysentery, pyelonephritis and inflammatory processes in the female genitalia showed that the use of the antibiotics increasing this property in the pathogen was not advisable which was confirmed by the absence of significant clinical improvement in the patients and necessity of prolonging the sanative period.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cells, Cultured; Child; Drug Evaluation; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Dysentery, Bacillary; Enterobacteriaceae; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Salmonella Infections

In the course of 4 years we isolated 193 E. coli strains of 55 patients with chronic pyelonephritis. In patients with obstructive chronic pyelonephritis the mean value of the immunofluorescence titre (in the serum) to the E. coli strain excreted in the urine as well as the total complement were significantly increased, the serum lysozyme was significantly lower than in patients with non-obstructive chronic pyelonephritis. A relation to the activity of the disease was existing only in the non-obstructive chronic pyelonephritis, where in the active stage the total complement was significantly decreased, the complement factors C3 and C4 as well as the urine lysozyme were significantly increased in comparison to the inactive stage. 94.64% of all immunofluorescence titres obtained to the homologous strain in the patients' serum were above the border of the normal area of 1:40. A relation between level of the titre and activity of the disease could not be established. No significant differences could be proved between the titres taken to serum-sensitive and serum-resistant strains. In 32.73% of the patients we observed disturbances of the serum bactericidia against the homologous serum-sensitive E. coli urine strain at one or several points. They fall to equal shares to patients with obstructive and non-obstructive chronic pyelonephritis and were found at 66.67% in the active stage of the two forms of the disease. In patients with and without disturbances of bactericidia no significant differences in the total complement, in the complement factors C3 and C4, the C3-activator, the serum lysozyme and the immunofluorescence titres could be proved.

Topics: Antibody Formation; Bacteriuria; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Chronic Disease; Complement System Proteins; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Immunocompetence; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; CD13 Antigens; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Urine

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aminopeptidases; CD13 Antigens; Child; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Hexosaminidases; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Nephritis, Interstitial; Nephrosclerosis; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Adolescent; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Blood Proteins; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Muramidase; Proteins; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis; Spectrophotometry

Topics: Animals; Bacteriuria; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Leukocytes; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Rabbits; Time Factors

The levels of autoantibody classes IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD against renal antigens together with CH50, C3, C4, lysozyme, and phagocytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus SG 511 and E. coli 014 were determined in serum samples from 3 groups of patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Increased levels of IgG and IgD were found in patients with severely impaired renal function while increased levels of IgM and IgD correlated with disease activity. C3 levels were increased with enhanced activity and C4 and lysozyme levels with reduced renal function and distinct activity. The value of these findings is discussed and the clinical usefulness of the determination of levels of IgM, IgD, C3, C4, and lysozyme is pointed out.

Topics: Antibody Formation; Autoantibodies; Complement C3; Complement C4; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin D; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Pyelonephritis

In 130 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 215 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis the serum lysozyme content was established and in 114 and 186, respectively, the enzyme content of their urine tests. Moreover the lysozyme measurement in the serum of 28 patients undergoing haemodialysis was performed. A collective of 50 healthy persons served as comparative group. The lysozyme estimation was performed by means of the agar-diffusion technique after Ossermann and Lawlor in own modification. The average serum lysozyme levels of the patients with pyelonephritis (mean =7.3 micrograms/ml) as well as of the patients with glomerulonephritis (mean = 5.7 micrograms/ml) were significantly increased in contrast to the control group (mean = 4.5 micrograms/ml). Differences could be recognized between the various forms of glomerulonephritis. 34.2% of the patients with pyelonephritis and 37.1% of the patients with glomerulonephritis showed a lysozymuria. In functional restrictions of the kidneys as well as in active forms of the diseases increased concentrations in serum and urine could be established.

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis

Lysozymuria was studied in 70 patients with chronic pyelonephritis with preserved renal function and two groups of 18 patients each with pyelonephritis, with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and glomerulonephritis without CRI. Elevated value of lysozyme in urine was obtained in 40% of the patients with chronic pyelonephritis with preserved renal function and in 66.6% of those with chronic pyelonephritis in the stage of a chronic renal insufficiency. Lysozyme level in urine is in a correlation dependence on serum creatinine level. Lysozymuria is more frequent among patients with pyelonephritis with significant bacteriuria as well as among patients not treated with uroantiseptics. Lysozymuris is present in two patients with nephrotic syndrome from the patient group with glomerulonephritis and in two with probable not complicated chronic pyelonephritis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chronic Disease; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Creatinine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

In 183 patients with chronic pyelonephritis as unspecific humoral immune parameters CH50E, CB50E, C3, C4 and lysozyme as well as the indirect phagocytosis against Staphylococcus aureus SG 511 and E. coli were tested. Clinically a differentiation according to 3 degrees of the renal function and 3 degrees of the activity of the disease was performed. The statistical analysis took into consideration mean and limit values. With the help of contingency tables tendency pictures were developed. C3, C4 and lysozyme proved as suitable for a humoral immunogramme in chronic pyelonephritis. C3 was increased in clear activity, C4 and lysozyme in restricted renal function and expressed activity. In view of the high biologic variation of humoral test parameters advantages and disadvantages of an immunogramme are discussed. But for patients with chronic pyelonephritis finally the estimations of IgM, IgG, IgD, C3, C4 and lysozyme are regarded as clinically useful. A feasable immunologic test set should be controlled, precised and completed.

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Complement C3; Complement C4; Complement System Proteins; Escherichia coli; Humans; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Pyelonephritis; Staphylococcus aureus

In order to assess to what extent glomerular or tubular function is involved in the renal handling of amylase and the lysozyme to creatine clearance ratios (CAm/CCr and CLys/CCr) were evaluated in 22 healthy volunteers and in 71 patients with different renal diseases. In normal controls, the mean CAm/CCr was 2.55 +/-1.54 SD, with an upper normal limit of 5.56. A normal ratio was found in patients with glomerulonephritis, with or without a nephrotic syndrome, and in patients with pyelonephritis. A significantly elevated ratio (P less than 0.001) was instead found in patients with uremia and in patients with uremia and in patients with either chronic or acute tubular damage. The CLus/CCr ratio was elevated in all the groups, except in patients with glomerulonephritis and minimal proteinuria. These results show that in humans, as in animals, the amylase filtered load undergoes partial tubular reabsorption. In renal diseases, an increase of the CAm/CCr is caused by either a marked reduction of functioning nephrons or a severe tubular damage, while the glomerular permeability does not seem to be involved. Some other mechanism is probably involved in the elevation of the CAm/CCr during acute pancreatitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Amylases; Creatinine; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Glomerulus; Muramidase; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pancreatitis; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Adolescent; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Infant; Lysine; Male; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Acute Disease; Antitoxins; C-Reactive Protein; Chronic Disease; Complement System Proteins; Female; Humans; Muramidase; Obstetric Labor Complications; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pyelonephritis; Staphylococcal Infections

Topics: Adult; Aged; alpha-Glucosidases; Bacteriuria; Child; Female; Glucosidases; Humans; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Antibodies, Bacterial; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Immunity; Immunity, Innate; Infant; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus

The behaviour of serum and urinary lysozyme was investigated before and after renal transplantation in 20 patients. The mean postoperative observation time was 67.8 (10 to 212) days. In 11 patients with reversible olig-anuria due to prolonged preoperative ischaemia, lysozymuria lasted for a period of 17 days after surgery, whereas in 8 patients with immediate transplant function lysozymuria disappeared 7 days after transplantation. Serum lysozyme concentrations were markedly elevated before transplantation in all patients. In patients with transplant failure due to ischaemia, normalization of serum lysozyme levels was achieved 28 days after surgery; patients with immediate function showed normal serum lysozyme levels already 7 days after transplantation. Prolonged lysozymuria was also noticed in 2 cases with irreversible ischaemic transplant failure, in 1 case with recurrence of glomerulonephritis and in 1 further case with acute pyelonephritis in the transplant. In 7 cases with an acute renal rejection crisis, lysozymuria was evident 0.7 days before clinical diagnosis of rejection. Serum lysozyme levels showed a strong correlation with serum correlation with serum creatinine concentrations. Therefore, lysozymuria in renal transplant patients indicates tubular transplant damage of varied aetiology. Elevated serum lysozyme levels, on the other hand, seem to reflect a reduced glomerular filtration rate.

Topics: Creatinine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Graft Rejection; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Muramidase; Postoperative Complications; Pyelonephritis; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Acute Disease; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Humans; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

A reversible lysozymuria indicative of proximal tubular damage to the kidney was found in three out of five patients with diabetic ketosis, and a persistent lysozymuria was found in many patients with diabetic nephropathy. There was no relation between lysozymuria and the degree of proteinuria, and lysozymuria was not due to urinary tract infection. The degree of lysozymuria could be used to assess the severity of diabetic nephropathy.

Topics: Creatinine; Diabetic Nephropathies; Glomerulonephritis; Multiple Myeloma; Muramidase; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis

8 patients with chronic pyelonephritis were given gentamycin intramuscularly injected in individual dosage during 8-10 days. Here the behaviour of the excretion of protein, alanine aminopeptidase alkaline phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and lysozyme with the urine was tested. With the exception of the lysozymuria, which increased only in patients with chronic renal insufficiency, regularly a hyperenzymuria developed. Most distinctly the excretion of the alanine aminopeptidase increased. After initial decrease the excretion of total protein transiently increased after completion of the gentamycin therapy. All the deviations were reversible. From the increased excretion of enzymes may not be concluded to a nephrotoxicity of gentamycin.

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Arylsulfatases; Female; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Gentamicins; Glucosidases; Glucuronidase; Humans; Kidney Tubules; Male; Muramidase; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Alkaline Phosphatase; Arylsulfatases; Enzymes; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glomerulonephritis; Glucosidases; Glucuronidase; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Muramidase; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pyelonephritis; Transplantation, Homologous

A study was made of 111 strains of plasma-negative spathylococci isolated from the blood, pleural fluid, urine, and exudate of the abdominal cavity of 30 patients. The studies were carried out by 18 criteria. A variety of biological properties and signs characteristic of pathogenic staphylococci (hemolytic activity, anaerobic splitting of mannite, the presence of phosphatase, lysozyme, protease, alpha-toxin, fibrinolysin) were noted. A high resistance to tetracycline and penicillin was found in the strains isolated from the blood and the pleural cavity.

Topics: Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Bacteriophage Typing; Bacteriuria; Cross Infection; Erythrocytes; Fibrinolysin; Hemolysis; Humans; Mannitol; Muramidase; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Phospholipases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Pleural Effusion; Pyelonephritis; Rabbits; Sepsis; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Tetracycline; Toxins, Biological

The kidneys of 18 autopsy cases of myelomonocytic leukemia (MML) were examined for MML-specific features. Nine cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) served as controls. The kidneys of the cases of MML showed macroscopically detectable signs of hemorrhagic diathesis and secondary uric acid diathesis more often than those of CLL. In the MML group most of the kidneys weighed more than the normal average for the corresponding age group, but the average renal weights for the 2 groups were about the same. Renal weight and grade of leukemic infiltration, particularly in MML, revealed no significant positive correlation. In most of the cases of MML there were unevenly distributed poorly defined leukemic, infiltrates in the renal cortex and medulla. The histology resembled that of pyelonephritis. In CLL, on the other hand, the leukemic infiltrates were usually sharply defined and localized in foci in the outer cortex and the corticomedullary border region. Renal dysfunction in cases of MML has been attributed by others to hyperlysozymemia. It was found occasionally but there was no MML-typical morphological substrate in our material. Hyaline droplet change of the tubular epithelium was more frequent and more pronounced in MML than in CLL. However, we also determined that it was nonspecific and that it was not a parameter of cell damage. Tubular hyaline droplet change and the morphological criteria of acute renal failure were not positively correlated with the degree of leukemic infiltration of the kidneys or with the leukemic proliferation as a whole. Instead, they were considered to be signs and symptoms of accompanying or secondary diseases which complicated the leukemia.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Aged; Edema; Female; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Nephrocalcinosis; Organ Size; Pyelonephritis; Spleen; Uric Acid

Topics: Bacteriuria; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Diseases; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Uremia; Urinary Calculi

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Blood; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Cell Movement; Disease Models, Animal; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Estradiol; Female; Hemagglutination Tests; Injections, Intramuscular; Leukocytes; Liver; Monocytes; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Spleen

Topics: Animals; Chickens; Creatinine; Graft Rejection; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Methods; Muramidase; Nephrectomy; Pyelonephritis; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous

On the assumption that increased urinary lysozyme concentration (;lysozymuria') indicates tubular proteinuria and therefore impaired tubular function, urinary lysozyme has been estimated in acute disorders where transient disturbances of renal function might be expected, in cases diagnosed clinically as extrarenal uraemia, and in a few examples of acute renal disease. Reversible lysozymuria occurred with hypokalaemia, postoperative ;collapse', electrolyte depletion, severe extrarenal infection, acute pyelonephritis, the nephrotic syndrome, after a few apparently uncomplicated surgical operations, and very transiently after ventricular fibrillation abolished by DC shock. There was no lysozymuria with severe uraemic heart failure, aspirin and paracetamol poisoning, or severe jaundice, nor in two cases of acute glomerulonephritis. Although lysozymuria may occasionally be useful in the clinical diagnosis of acutely disordered renal function, the results suggest that its value is limited; on the other hand, they have provided information on renal pathophysiology in acute disease.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Acute Disease; Aspirin; Electroshock; Glomerulonephritis; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypokalemia; Jaundice; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Tubules; Muramidase; Myocardial Infarction; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pneumonia; Postoperative Complications; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis; Uremia; Ventricular Fibrillation

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Immunoelectrophoresis; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Myeloma Proteins; Nephritis, Interstitial; Nephrocalcinosis; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pyelonephritis; Rabbits; Vascular Diseases

In animals developing unilateral Proteus mirabilis-induced pyelonephritis, the total soluble renal lysozyme (SRL) of both kidneys undergoes a biphasic elevation. The second phase of elevated SRL is associated with the onset of chronicity in the infected kidney. To discover whether effective antibacterial therapy altered the second elevation of SRL, levels of SRL were determined in rats developing unilateral chronic pyelonephritis with and without effective regimens of antibacterial agents. Therapeutic doses of ampicillin and nitrofurantoin caused elevations of SRL in both kidneys of infected animals, but these differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Both agents produce elevations of SRL in uninfected animals which were significant (P < 0.05) when compared with normal animals. Kanamycin sulfate at a therapeutic dose induced great elevations of SRL in kidneys of both infected and uninfected animals. It is concluded that infection per se is not the cause of the elevated SRL.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Male; Muramidase; Proteus Infections; Proteus mirabilis; Pyelonephritis; Rats

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Enzyme Induction; Gentamicins; Kanamycin; Kidney; Muramidase; Neomycin; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Streptomycin

The induction of sterile unilateral pyelonephritis in rats with heat-killed Proteus mirabilis cells is described. The lesions were identical to those produced with viable bacteria. Lysozyme levels in both kidneys of rats developing unilateral sterile pyelonephritis underwent biphasic elevations similar to those produced with viable bacteria. In the injected kidney, the first elevation, associated with the trauma of injection, could be produced by injecting sterile saline. The second elevation was associated with the onset of chronicity in the injected kidney. The nonmanipulated, contralateral kidney showed a similar biphasic elevation, of equal duration but of greater magnitude.

Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Hot Temperature; Kidney; Muramidase; Proteus mirabilis; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Urease

Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute; Muramidase; Nephrosclerosis; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Egg White; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocytes; Mass Screening; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Sarcoidosis; Tears; Tuberculosis

In animals developing experimentally induced unilateral pyelonephritis, both the infected kidney (IK) and the contralateral noninfected kidney (NIK) showed an immediate increase in renal lysozyme activity of about 5 days' duration after the unilateral injection of viable Proteus mirabilis into the renal cortex. Lysozyme activities of the NIK were consistently higher than those of the IK. This initial increase was followed by a second increase which lasted throughout the period of observation (17 days), and enzyme activities of the NIK were consistently higher than those of the IK. In saline punctured kidneys of control animals, both the saline punctured kidney (SP) and the non-saline punctured kidney (NSP) showed only the immediate increase in renal lysozyme activity, which persisted until the SP was completely healed. These enzyme activities were less than those observed in the infected animals, but the response of the NSP was greater than that of the SP. Trauma not directed to the kidney does not produce a similar response of renal lysozyme. The elevated renal lysozyme of the NIK could not be shown to protect it from bacterial infection.

Topics: Animals; Female; Hip Injuries; Kidney; Leg Injuries; Male; Muramidase; Proteus; Proteus Infections; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Spectrophotometry; Time Factors; Tissue Extracts

Topics: Acute Disease; Antibody Formation; Beta-Globulins; Chronic Disease; Complement System Proteins; Kidney Transplantation; Kidney Tubules; Lymphocytes; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis; Transplantation Immunology; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Erythromycin; Escherichia coli Infections; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Immune Sera; L Forms; Muramidase; Osmotic Fragility; Osmotic Pressure; Pyelonephritis; Rats

Topics: Bacteriuria; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Muramidase; Paraplegia; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis; Pyuria; Spinal Cord Injuries

Topics: Animals; Enterococcus faecalis; Female; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Kidney; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Rats