muramidase and Newcastle-Disease

Comparing the action of biotropin, which is a natural immunomodulator, with a synthetic one--levamisole, leads to the conclusion that biotropin acts as a strong stimulator, both of specific humoral immunity, which manifests itself in higher titres of antibodies HI and SN, and of non-specific humoral immunity, whose feature is a higher activity of lysozyme in comparison with the other groups. Similarly, biotropin increases the phagocytal activity of leucocytes, expressed as the phagocytar index and the percentage of non-phagocyting cells, more effectively than levamisole. However, the specific cell immunity, assessed by the BT and LMI tests, was slightly better stimulated by biotropin immediately after infection and by levamisole in the remaining time.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Antibody Formation; Cell Migration Inhibition; Chickens; Female; Levamisole; Lymphocytes; Male; Muramidase; Newcastle Disease; Newcastle disease virus; Random Allocation

Tested was the effect of the levamisole antihelminthic on the dynamic of anti-hemagglutinins, serum sialic acid, and lysozyme in the process of building active immunity against Newcastle disease following aerosol vaccination. It was found that there was unidirectional correlation of the active immunologic process with the level of serum sialic acid and lysozyme. The use of levamisole in adequate doses, applied opportunely enhanced the unspecific humoral defense of the body, having no direct influence on the quality of actively built specific immunity.

Topics: Aerosols; Animals; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Chickens; Hemagglutinins, Viral; Immunity; Levamisole; Muramidase; Newcastle Disease; Newcastle disease virus; Sialic Acids; Time Factors; Viral Vaccines

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antitoxins; Injections; Muramidase; Newcastle Disease; Plasma; Toxins, Biological; Typhoid Fever; Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines