muramidase and Malabsorption-Syndromes

The hitherto existing results of determinations of enzymatic activities in stool are presented in this review. The chymotrypsin activity is diminished in advanced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The faecal alpha-amylase activity has up to now no significance in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases. Up to five amylolytic enzyme activities are detectable. The alkaline phosphatase is mostly of intestinal origin. Up to 4 enzyme bands can be exhibited with the disc electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. Lysozyme and N-Acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminidase can also be detected in stool.

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Amylases; Animals; Chymotrypsin; Colitis, Ulcerative; Cystic Fibrosis; Enzyme Induction; Feces; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Hexosaminidases; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Malabsorption Syndromes; Muramidase; Pancreatic Diseases; Protozoan Infections; Rats; Trypsin

Enzymological alterations in functional disturbances and in diseases of the intestine are reviewed. Examples are given for diagnostic significance (e.g. in Hirschsprung's and Crohn's diseases), for pathogenetic considerations (e.g. in hypolactasia and in celiac disease), and for secondary involvement of the liver (e.g. in intestinal tumors and after bypass surgery) and are discussed in more detail.

Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Adult; Alcoholism; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Black People; Celiac Disease; Child; Child, Preschool; Colonic Neoplasms; Diarrhea; Enteritis; Enteropeptidase; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Diseases; Isoenzymes; Jejunum; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactose; Malabsorption Syndromes; Megacolon; Microbial Collagenase; Microvilli; Muramidase; Rats; Rectum; White People

Topics: Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Celiac Disease; Child; Enteritis; Female; Humans; Intestinal Secretions; Jejunum; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Mitosis; Muramidase; Whipple Disease