muramidase and Intestinal-Diseases--Parasitic

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Vaccines; Gastric Acid; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunity, Innate; Immunization, Passive; Immunoglobulin A; Interferons; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Lactoferrin; Muramidase; Vaccination; Vaccines; Vaccines, Attenuated

Three hundred sixty 1-d-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted to 6 groups with a 2x3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Three supplemental levels (0, 0.25, and 0.50%) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (XP) were fed to control and Eimeria tenella-infected broilers. Growth performance and immune response criteria were measured after coccidian infection. Broiler ADG was lowered (P<0.01) by coccidian infection and improved by XP supplementation (P=0.04). Supplementation of XP increased CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-lymphocyte counts (P<0.05) and the ratio CD4+:CD8+ in blood (P=0.06) and spleen (P=0.04) as well as ileum intraepithelial lymphocyte count, cecal tonsil secretory IgA counts, serum lysozyme content (P<0.01), and albumin:globulin ratio (P=0.02). These results suggest that dietary XP supplementation could improve immune function and growth performance in coccidia-infected broilers.

Topics: Animals; Antigens, CD; Cecum; Chickens; Coccidiosis; Eimeria tenella; Ileum; Immunoglobulin A; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Muramidase; Poultry Diseases; Random Allocation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; T-Lymphocyte Subsets; T-Lymphocytes

Rectocolitis remains, at the present time, in spite of the large amount of work carried out, a condition of which the cause and the physiopathological mechanism are unknown: none of the theories proposed has been confirmed by the facts; none has made it possible to propose an effective therapeutic regimen. The diagnosis of haemorrhagic rectocolitis rests solely on an assembly of clinical, radiological, and anatomological findings, together with findings on progress of the disease; none of these findings taken separately being pathognomonic. Because of this it is essential in cases of inflammatory colic disorders to analyse critically these different elements before affirming the diagnosis that is often arrived at too easily. Different affections, even apart from Crohn's disease (parasitic, microbial, and iatrogenic affections, etc) may, in fact, give rise to radiological and clinical pictures close to those of haemorrhagic rectocolitis.

Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Colitis; Colon; Crohn Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Endoscopy; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Genotype; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infections; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Intestinal Mucosa; Muramidase; Proctocolitis; Psychophysiologic Disorders; Radiography