muramidase and Glomerulonephritis

An attempt is made in this study to provide an answer to the question whether glomerular diseases are accompanied by tubular disorders. The urinary lysozyme activity was determined by means of a turbidimetric assay method in 10 healthy children as controls, 10 patients with glomerulonephritis, 8 patients with Alport's syndrome (hereditary glomerulonephritis with deafness) and 12 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. In most of the cases a significant increase in urinary lysozyme excretion, indicative of tubular damage, was found and this finding correlates well with the tubular morphology of the patients.

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Infant; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules; Muramidase; Nephritis, Hereditary; Nephrotic Syndrome

The progression of kidney disease to renal failure correlates with infiltration of mononuclear immune cells into the tubulointerstitium. These infiltrates contain macrophages, DCs, and T cells, but the role of each cell type in disease progression is unclear. To investigate the underlying immune mechanisms, we generated transgenic mice that selectively expressed the model antigens ovalbumin and hen egg lysozyme in glomerular podocytes (NOH mice). Coinjection of ovalbumin-specific transgenic CD8+ CTLs and CD4+ Th cells into NOH mice resulted in periglomerular mononuclear infiltrates and inflammation of parietal epithelial cells, similar to lesions frequently observed in human chronic glomerulonephritis. Repetitive T cell injections aggravated infiltration and caused progression to structural and functional kidney damage after 4 weeks. Mechanistic analysis revealed that DCs in renal lymph nodes constitutively cross-presented ovalbumin and activated CTLs. These CTLs released further ovalbumin for CTL activation in the lymph nodes and for simultaneous presentation to Th cells by distinct DC subsets residing in the kidney tubulointerstitium. Crosstalk between tubulointerstitial DCs and Th cells resulted in intrarenal cytokine and chemokine production and in recruitment of more CTLs, monocyte-derived DCs, and macrophages. The importance of DCs was established by the fact that DC depletion rapidly resolved established kidney immunopathology. These findings demonstrate that glomerular antigen-specific CTLs and Th cells can jointly induce renal immunopathology and identify kidney DCs as a mechanistic link between glomerular injury and the progression of kidney disease.

Topics: Animals; Antigen Presentation; Autoimmune Diseases; Cell Movement; Dendritic Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Glomerulonephritis; Kidney; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Lymph Nodes; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Muramidase; Ovalbumin; Podocytes; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer

To determine the diagnostic role of urinary trehalase in chronic glomerular disease, urinary trehalase activity and other urinary markers such as N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lysozyme and beta 2-microglobulin (BMG) were measured in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome and chronic renal failure. Urinary trehalase activity was significantly increased in chronic glomerular disease, especially nephrotic syndrome, as compared with that in the healthy subjects. The highest incidence of elevated excretion was observed for trehalase with 52% in chronic glomerular disease, followed by NAG. Urinary trehalase activities in the patients were significantly correlated with the urinary levels of protein, NAG and AAP and total score of tubular damage, but not correlated with urinary levels of BMG or lysozyme. In patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome, there was no significant difference in urinary trehalase activities between with and without hematuria. These results indicate that in some patients with chronic glomerular disease, there is tubular involvement as substantiated by elevation of the other urinary enzymes and BMG. Urinary trehalase is elevated more often in these types of disease than other markers of tubular damage.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aminopeptidases; beta 2-Microglobulin; Biomarkers; Carbohydrate Sequence; CD13 Antigens; Chronic Disease; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Muramidase; Trehalase; Trehalose

ANCA-positive sera from 1138 patients and ANCA-negative sera from 90 patients were screened for autoantibodies directed against lysozyme (LZ) by ELISA. Sera from 120 patients did react with LZ. 99 sera bound to LZ only, whereas 56 sera bound to further granule proteins, especially cathepsin G and lactoferrin. In the routine ANCA screening, most of the anti-LZ-positive sera showed a pANCA fluorescence. In total, 8% of 674 pANCA-positive sera did react with LZ. Clinically, anti-LZ antibodies were associated inflammatory rheumatologic, -renal and -bowel diseases.

Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antibody Specificity; Autoantibodies; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Muramidase; Rheumatic Diseases; Vasculitis

We have examined amyloid-like kidney stones, commonly found in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Extraction of protein from the stones and Western blot analysis were performed. beta 2-Microglobulin (beta 2MG), serum amyloid P component (SAP), lysozyme and PAS-positive substance were identified in the stones. It is suggested that calcium-mediated association of beta 2MG, lysozyme, SAP and PAS-positive substance may have an important role in the process of the formation of kidney stones in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Topics: Adult; beta 2-Microglobulin; Blotting, Western; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Male; Muramidase; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Proteins; Renal Dialysis; Serum Amyloid P-Component

It has been suggested that focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS) is analogous to atherosclerosis. Because monocytes and their derivatives are involved in the latter, these cells may be involved in the development of the former. To investigate this possibility a combined histochemical and ultrastructural study of FGS was done. Sections from 13 biopsies showing FGS were stained for either nonspecific esterase or lysozyme to detect monocytes and their derivatives. These include foam cells (lipid-containing macrophages) in which there was positive cytoplasmic staining for both nonspecific esterase and lysozyme. Twenty-one of 29 glomeruli (72%) with segmental sclerotic lesions contained monocytes and/or foam cells, whereas only 18 of 251 glomeruli (7%) without the lesions demonstrated these cells (p less than 0.0001). The mean number of monocytes and/or foam cells in segmentally sclerotic glomeruli was 2.0 +/- 1.7 compared with 0.2 +/- 0.3 for uninvolved glomeruli (p less than 0.01). In glomeruli with sclerotic lesions foam cells predominated over monocytes. Neutral lipid was observed focally and segmentally in 29 of 35 biopsies with FGS. Electron microscopy in 23 biopsies consistently demonstrated intracapillary cells with monocytic features but few foam cells in very early lesions characterized by epithelial cell changes but no or minor glomerular tuft alterations. With progression, the relative number of monocytes declined but foam cells were observed more frequently. These results suggest that monocytes and their derivatives are involved in the development of FGS.

Topics: Carboxylesterase; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Glomerulonephritis; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Kidney Glomerulus; Microscopy, Electron; Monocytes; Muramidase

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Albuminuria; beta 2-Microglobulin; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glomerulonephritis; Hexosaminidases; Humans; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Muramidase; Proteinuria

The diagnostical relevance of the low-molecular proteins ribonuclease, beta 2-microglobulin and lysozyme in serum and urine to detect a reduced glomerular filtration rate was examined in 52 patients with chronic renal diseases. The radioisotope clearance using 99mTc-DTPA was the base reference; the reference values of the low-molecular proteins were estimated in a control group. Ribonuclease was increased above the upper borderline value, if the glomerular filtration rate was lower than 1.24 ml s-1. Creatinine, beta 2-microglobulin and lysozyme remain yet in part in the normal range. The estimation of the ribonuclease in serum is suitable to detect an impaired glomerular filtration rate if the creatinine value is still not increased. Thereby, the diagnostics in renal diseases may be improved in the creatinine-blind area.

Topics: Adult; beta 2-Microglobulin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Molecular Weight; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Ribonucleases

Different electrophoretic mobility of urine lysozyme was established in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis during electrophoresis in 12% polyacrylamide gel (gel pH 4.3, electrode buffer pH 4.0). The examination of 128 patients has shown that anode position of lysozyme in electrophoretic tubes is observed in 95% of patients with chronic pyelonephritis, and its anode position in 92% of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. A method of urine lysozyme electrophoresis under the above conditions was proposed as a noninvasive method of differential diagnosis of chronic glomerulonephritides and chronic pyelonephritides.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

We describe a new high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quantitative determination of urinary lysozyme. The method is simple, reproducible and with detection limit of 0.2 microgram. Before HPLC analysis the urine was purified using a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge. Lysozyme concentration was significantly higher in patients with chronic renal failure than in a control group (p less than 0.001). The concentration of lysozyme in urine is shown to be a sensitive indicator of renal damage.

Topics: Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Enzymes; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

A study was made of the cells forming the crescents in human crescentic glomerulonephritis. The investigation was performed using a panel of antibodies with immunoperoxidase techniques in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded renal biopsy material. Some of the cells of glomerular crescents were found to contain cytokeratin intermediate filaments, as did some of the cells of the normal parietal epithelium of Bowman's capsule. Leucocytes were also found in crescents, often in the outer part, and their presence was associated with a mantle of inflammatory cells around the glomerulus. The use of paraffin embedded rather than frozen tissue allowed better histological assessment than has been possible in previous studies. The glomerular crescents appeared to be primarily epithelial in origin, with leucocytes contributing to the overall inflammatory response.

Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Biopsy; Glomerulonephritis; Histocompatibility Antigens; Humans; Keratins; Kidney Glomerulus; Leukocyte Common Antigens; Membrane Proteins; Mucin-1; Muramidase; Nephrectomy

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; CD13 Antigens; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Urine

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Chronic Disease; Contrast Media; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Proteinuria; Urography

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aminopeptidases; CD13 Antigens; Child; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Hexosaminidases; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Nephritis, Interstitial; Nephrosclerosis; Pyelonephritis

Using highly cationic polyethleneimine, alteration of glomerular anionic sites were evaluated ultrastructurally in two types of rat glomerulonephritis (GN); chronic serum sickness GN and heterologous (passive) or autologous (active) Heymann's GN. Daily i.v. injections of egg white lysozyme in physiologic saline into presensitized rats led to the formation of numerous mesangial and subepithelial deposits. In the non-proteinuric period in which immune deposits were localized predominantly in the mesangium, anionic sites of the laminae rarae and the epithelial cell coat were clearly observed. In the subsequent proteinuric period in which numerous subepithelial deposits were superimposed, a broad loss of anionic sites in the epithelial cell coat was seen. Splitting and focal loss of anionic sites on the lamina rara externa adjacent to the subepithelial deposits were commonly observed both in passive and active Heymann's GN and in lysozyme GN. These findings indicate that the subepithelial deposits are closely involved in the development of proteinuria by injuring the anionic sites, especially those on lamina rare externa of the glomerular basement membrane.

Topics: Animals; Anions; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Glomerulonephritis; Immunization; Kidney Glomerulus; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Muramidase; Proteinuria; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serum Sickness

Topics: Albuminuria; Autoantigens; beta 2-Microglobulin; Diagnosis, Differential; Epithelium; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Kidney Tubules; Muramidase; Nephritis, Interstitial; Nephrotic Syndrome; Proteinuria

Topics: Animals; Fibrin; Glomerulonephritis; Indomethacin; Kidney Glomerulus; Muramidase; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biopsy; Child; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Proteinuria

In 130 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 215 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis the serum lysozyme content was established and in 114 and 186, respectively, the enzyme content of their urine tests. Moreover the lysozyme measurement in the serum of 28 patients undergoing haemodialysis was performed. A collective of 50 healthy persons served as comparative group. The lysozyme estimation was performed by means of the agar-diffusion technique after Ossermann and Lawlor in own modification. The average serum lysozyme levels of the patients with pyelonephritis (mean =7.3 micrograms/ml) as well as of the patients with glomerulonephritis (mean = 5.7 micrograms/ml) were significantly increased in contrast to the control group (mean = 4.5 micrograms/ml). Differences could be recognized between the various forms of glomerulonephritis. 34.2% of the patients with pyelonephritis and 37.1% of the patients with glomerulonephritis showed a lysozymuria. In functional restrictions of the kidneys as well as in active forms of the diseases increased concentrations in serum and urine could be established.

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis

Lysozymuria was studied in 70 patients with chronic pyelonephritis with preserved renal function and two groups of 18 patients each with pyelonephritis, with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and glomerulonephritis without CRI. Elevated value of lysozyme in urine was obtained in 40% of the patients with chronic pyelonephritis with preserved renal function and in 66.6% of those with chronic pyelonephritis in the stage of a chronic renal insufficiency. Lysozyme level in urine is in a correlation dependence on serum creatinine level. Lysozymuria is more frequent among patients with pyelonephritis with significant bacteriuria as well as among patients not treated with uroantiseptics. Lysozymuris is present in two patients with nephrotic syndrome from the patient group with glomerulonephritis and in two with probable not complicated chronic pyelonephritis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chronic Disease; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Creatinine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis

Serum lipids and lipoproteins and urinary apolipoprotein A (Apo A) were determined in two groups of patients. One group consisted of 11 children (ages ranging from 4 to 14 years) with minimal change glomerular disease. The other group consisted of 13 patients, eight less than 19 years old five adults, with different types of chronic glomerulopathy. Elimination of urinary lysozyme was a feature of chronic glomerulopathies, and creatinine clearances were also significantly lower in this group. Patients with chronic glomerulopathies had significantly lower HDL cholesterol and Apo A concentrations in their sera. In contrast, urinary Apo A concentrations were significantly higher in patients with chronic glomerulopathies, who also showed significantly lower urinary protein selectivities. Lipoprotein electrophoresis of urines containing Apo A showed distinct high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions, suggesting that HDL is eliminated in the urine as a result of increased glomerular permeability. This is also supported by a correlation coefficient of 0.77 between the selectivity indices and the ratio of urinary Apo A to total proteinuria. The determination of urinary Apo A appears to give valuable diagnostic information in patients with glomerular disease. According to our results the absence of urinary Apo A is very suggestive of minimal change glomerular disease.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Apolipoproteins; Child; Child, Preschool; Cholesterol; Creatinine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Lipoproteins, HDL; Male; Muramidase; Nephrosis, Lipoid; Triglycerides

In order to assess to what extent glomerular or tubular function is involved in the renal handling of amylase and the lysozyme to creatine clearance ratios (CAm/CCr and CLys/CCr) were evaluated in 22 healthy volunteers and in 71 patients with different renal diseases. In normal controls, the mean CAm/CCr was 2.55 +/-1.54 SD, with an upper normal limit of 5.56. A normal ratio was found in patients with glomerulonephritis, with or without a nephrotic syndrome, and in patients with pyelonephritis. A significantly elevated ratio (P less than 0.001) was instead found in patients with uremia and in patients with uremia and in patients with either chronic or acute tubular damage. The CLus/CCr ratio was elevated in all the groups, except in patients with glomerulonephritis and minimal proteinuria. These results show that in humans, as in animals, the amylase filtered load undergoes partial tubular reabsorption. In renal diseases, an increase of the CAm/CCr is caused by either a marked reduction of functioning nephrons or a severe tubular damage, while the glomerular permeability does not seem to be involved. Some other mechanism is probably involved in the elevation of the CAm/CCr during acute pancreatitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Amylases; Creatinine; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Glomerulus; Muramidase; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pancreatitis; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Adolescent; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Infant; Lysine; Male; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Pyelonephritis

Topics: gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Tubules; Muramidase; Urinary Tract Infections

The behaviour of serum and urinary lysozyme was investigated before and after renal transplantation in 20 patients. The mean postoperative observation time was 67.8 (10 to 212) days. In 11 patients with reversible olig-anuria due to prolonged preoperative ischaemia, lysozymuria lasted for a period of 17 days after surgery, whereas in 8 patients with immediate transplant function lysozymuria disappeared 7 days after transplantation. Serum lysozyme concentrations were markedly elevated before transplantation in all patients. In patients with transplant failure due to ischaemia, normalization of serum lysozyme levels was achieved 28 days after surgery; patients with immediate function showed normal serum lysozyme levels already 7 days after transplantation. Prolonged lysozymuria was also noticed in 2 cases with irreversible ischaemic transplant failure, in 1 case with recurrence of glomerulonephritis and in 1 further case with acute pyelonephritis in the transplant. In 7 cases with an acute renal rejection crisis, lysozymuria was evident 0.7 days before clinical diagnosis of rejection. Serum lysozyme levels showed a strong correlation with serum correlation with serum creatinine concentrations. Therefore, lysozymuria in renal transplant patients indicates tubular transplant damage of varied aetiology. Elevated serum lysozyme levels, on the other hand, seem to reflect a reduced glomerular filtration rate.

Topics: Creatinine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Graft Rejection; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Muramidase; Postoperative Complications; Pyelonephritis; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Electron Transport Complex IV; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Glomerulonephritis; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Muramidase; Transaminases

A reversible lysozymuria indicative of proximal tubular damage to the kidney was found in three out of five patients with diabetic ketosis, and a persistent lysozymuria was found in many patients with diabetic nephropathy. There was no relation between lysozymuria and the degree of proteinuria, and lysozymuria was not due to urinary tract infection. The degree of lysozymuria could be used to assess the severity of diabetic nephropathy.

Topics: Creatinine; Diabetic Nephropathies; Glomerulonephritis; Multiple Myeloma; Muramidase; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Enzymes; Glomerulonephritis; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Muramidase; Proteinuria; Rats

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Alkaline Phosphatase; Arylsulfatases; Enzymes; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glomerulonephritis; Glucosidases; Glucuronidase; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Muramidase; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pyelonephritis; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Muramidase

Topics: Child; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Muramidase

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Muramidase

Topics: Bacteriuria; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Diseases; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Uremia; Urinary Calculi

Topics: Adolescent; Antineoplastic Agents; Blood Cell Count; Child; Child, Preschool; Depression, Chemical; Glomerulonephritis; Granulocytes; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Leukocytes; Muramidase; Nephrosis, Lipoid

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Child; Creatinine; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Renal Dialysis

Topics: Adult; Aged; Beta-Globulins; Creatinine; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Glycoproteins; Humans; Inulin; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Protein Binding

Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Kidney Transplantation; Molecular Weight; Muramidase; Nephrosis; Plasminogen; Rabbits; Streptokinase; Transplantation, Homologous; Uremia

Topics: Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Infections; Muramidase; Rheumatic Heart Disease; Saliva; Streptococcal Infections

On the assumption that increased urinary lysozyme concentration (;lysozymuria') indicates tubular proteinuria and therefore impaired tubular function, urinary lysozyme has been estimated in acute disorders where transient disturbances of renal function might be expected, in cases diagnosed clinically as extrarenal uraemia, and in a few examples of acute renal disease. Reversible lysozymuria occurred with hypokalaemia, postoperative ;collapse', electrolyte depletion, severe extrarenal infection, acute pyelonephritis, the nephrotic syndrome, after a few apparently uncomplicated surgical operations, and very transiently after ventricular fibrillation abolished by DC shock. There was no lysozymuria with severe uraemic heart failure, aspirin and paracetamol poisoning, or severe jaundice, nor in two cases of acute glomerulonephritis. Although lysozymuria may occasionally be useful in the clinical diagnosis of acutely disordered renal function, the results suggest that its value is limited; on the other hand, they have provided information on renal pathophysiology in acute disease.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Acute Disease; Aspirin; Electroshock; Glomerulonephritis; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypokalemia; Jaundice; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Tubules; Muramidase; Myocardial Infarction; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pneumonia; Postoperative Complications; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis; Uremia; Ventricular Fibrillation

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Immunoelectrophoresis; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Myeloma Proteins; Nephritis, Interstitial; Nephrocalcinosis; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pyelonephritis; Rabbits; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Electrophoresis, Disc; Enzymes; Glomerulonephritis; Glucuronidase; Kidney; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Muramidase; Nephrosis; Nucleosides; Proteinuria; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Toxins, Biological

Topics: Age Factors; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amylases; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Child; Child, Preschool; Electrophoresis, Disc; Enzymes; Glomerulonephritis; Glucuronidase; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Muramidase; Nephrosis; Posture; Proteinuria

Topics: Adolescent; Anuria; Azathioprine; Complement System Proteins; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Muramidase; Postoperative Complications; Prednisone; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Tubules; Muramidase; Nephritis; Nephrosclerosis; Proteinuria

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Tubules; Male; Muramidase; Nephritis, Interstitial

Topics: Blood Proteins; Cadmium Poisoning; Creatine; Fanconi Syndrome; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Tubules; Male; Molecular Weight; Muramidase; Proteinuria; Ribonucleases

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Tubules; Leukemia; Muramidase; Nephritis; Nephrocalcinosis; Nephrotic Syndrome; Urinary Calculi

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatine; Dogs; Enzymes; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Muramidase; Transplantation Immunology; Transplantation, Homologous; Urine