muramidase and Gingivitis

muramidase has been researched along with Gingivitis* in 40 studies

Reviews

2 review(s) available for muramidase and Gingivitis

ArticleYear
Studies of host responses during experimental gingivitis in humans. II. Changes in acute phase reactants, serum immunoglobulins and complement during the development of gingival inflammation.
    Journal of periodontal research, 1979, Volume: 14, Issue:5

    Topics: alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Blood Proteins; C-Reactive Protein; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Complement C4; Complement C5; Complement System Proteins; Gingivitis; Hemolysis; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Male; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Transferrin

1979
A review of the oral microbial flora and its relationship to periodontal disease.
    The Alabama journal of medical sciences, 1975, Volume: 12, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Cells, Cultured; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Mastication; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Phagocytosis; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Saliva

1975

Trials

3 trial(s) available for muramidase and Gingivitis

ArticleYear
Treatment of gingivitis with hyaluronan.
    Journal of clinical periodontology, 2003, Volume: 30, Issue:2

    Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan) is a glycosaminoglycan with anti-inflammatory and antiedematous properties. It was evaluated in a gel formulation for its effect in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis.. In a randomised double-blind study, 50 male subjects with plaque-induced gingivitis were divided into two groups and used a verum or placebo gel twice daily additionally to oral hygiene for a 3-week treatment period. Clinical indices (API, Turesky index, PBI) and crevicular fluid variables (peroxidase, lysozyme) were determined at baseline and after 4, 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively.. Significant improvements could be found for all clinical variables in both groups. The verum group showed significant improvement in the study area for the plaque indices beginning with day 4 (P = 0.011) and the PBI beginning with day 7 (P = 0.001) in comparison with the placebo group. The crevicular fluid variables were significantly improved in the centre of the studied inflammation area in the verum group. Here all studied sites had significant decreases in peroxidase (176.72-128.75 and 188.74-128.75 U/L) and lysozyme (1.27-0.27 and 1.30-0.33 mg/L) activities after 7, 14 and 21 days (P between 0.034 and < 0.001), whereas in the placebo group only one site showed a significant decrease for lysozyme (1.74-0.75 mg/L) after 7 and 21 days (P = 0.048 and 0.025).. These data suggest that a hyaluronan containing gel has a beneficial effect in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis.

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Dental Plaque Index; Double-Blind Method; Gels; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Male; Muramidase; Periodontal Index; Peroxidase; Statistics, Nonparametric

2003
[Clinical effects of chewing gum containing egg-white lysozyme and mace extract].
    Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai kaishi, 1989, Volume: 31, Issue:3

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of mace extract and egg-white lysozyme in two brands of chewing gum on gingival condition. Ever since mace extract containing dihydroguaiaretic acid was reported to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans, plans were devised to include it in commercially available chewing gum. Before starting this study, two different types of experimental chewing gum containing mace extract or egg-white lysozyme were made up. A control was also prepared containing neither agent. The periodontal condition of 68 patients with gingivitis was determined based on PMA index (PMA), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and plaque scoring system (PSS) and randomly classified into three groups. Each group was instructed to use one or the other of the above type chewing gums after every meal. The results were as follows: 1. No clinical changes were observed in the control group during this study. 2. Gingival inflammation (PMA, GI, GBI) significantly improved as a result of using the experimental gums. 3. Plaque reduction was found only in the mece-extract gum group. 4. No clinical side effects were detected during this study.

    Topics: Chewing Gum; Egg White; Gingivitis; Humans; Muramidase; Plant Extracts; Streptococcus mutans

1989
[Clinical studies with tablets combining lysozyme, papain and bacitracin].
    Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, 1967, Volume: 68, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bacitracin; Cheilitis; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Gingivitis; Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative; Glossitis; Humans; Lichen Planus; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Muramidase; Papain; Salivary Gland Diseases; Stomatitis; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Tooth Extraction

1967

Other Studies

35 other study(ies) available for muramidase and Gingivitis

ArticleYear
EFFICACY OF MULTIVITAMINS AND LYSOZYME TABLETS IN COMPLEX MANAGEMENT OF PLAQUE-INDUCED GINGIVITIS IN CHILDREN: A COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMICAL STUDY.
    Georgian medical news, 2020, Issue:298

    Although the pathogenesis of periodontal lesions has not been sufficiently studied, recent studies show that plaque formation and host immune response are important factors. The purpose of this study was improving efficiency of plaque-induced gingivitis treatment in children with immunological correction of saliva by administration of polyvitamins and lysozyme tablets. We have examined 60 12-year-old children diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis and divided them into the main and control groups consisted of 30 children in each accordingly. The children of both groups were treated by sanitation and professional oral hygiene. The children of the main group besides were prescribed with multivitamins complex "Supervit" and tablets "Lizak". The efficiency of the introduced complex we have assessed by contain of immunoglobulins A (IgA), immunoglobulins G (IgG), secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 4 (IL-4) and lysozyme in saliva. After 6 month the treatment children from the main group showed a decline in concentration of IL-1β by 30,06 % (р<0,01), IgA by 33,34 %, IgG by 12,5 % (р<0,05). The present data support the high efficiency of the introduced treatment that has been proved by positive progress of immunological indexes in saliva taken within six and 12 month since the research.

    Topics: Child; Dental Plaque; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Male; Muramidase; Saliva; Tablets; Treatment Outcome; Vitamins

2020
EVALUATION OF THE TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF GINGIVITIS BY THE ORAL DYSBIOSIS INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT REACTIONS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MALADAPTATION.
    Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 2020, Volume: 73, Issue:11

    The aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of changes of oral cavity dysbiosis index in patients with various reactions of psychophysiological maladaptation after treatment of gingivitis in different observation terms.. Materials and methods: Study was conducted on the basis of Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of Ternopil National Medical University during 1 year from January 2018 till January 2019. The study involved treatment of 58 patients 19-44-years old with gingivitis on a background of different psycho-physiological maladaptation reactions, of whom was formed the I main group (37 people) and the II control group (21 people). For evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed treatment and prevention complexes, we determined the dynamics of changes of oral cavity dysbiosis index after the treatment of gingivitis at different study times.. Results: In patients with gingivitis lysozyme activity increased by 15.02% (p <0.01) and urease activity decreased by 24.46% (p <0.05), according to before-treatment data. In patients of the first group, the oral dysbiosis index decreased in 1.5 times fold with respect to before-treatment data (0.37 ± 0.09 vs. 0.56 ± 0.08, p> 0.05).. Conclusions: Therefore, as a result of the use of proposed treatment and prevention complex was able to increase the activity of lysozyme and reduce urease activity, which generally improved the oral cavity dysbiosis in the main group, which after 1 year of observation was equal to the medium degree in patients with all types of psychophysiological reactions.

    Topics: Adult; Dental Plaque Index; Dysbiosis; Gingivitis; Humans; Muramidase; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

2020
[Clinical and immunological assessment of Polyoxidonium and Tantum Verde efficiency by catarrhal gingivitis treatment in children with chronic gastroduodenitis].
    Stomatologiia, 2014, Volume: 93, Issue:1

    The article presents findings allowing estimating effect of local application of polioxidonium and yantum verde in 101 children aged 12-17 with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and chronic gastroduodenitis. Statistically significant PMA indeх decrease (40.1±2.3% till 1.4±0.6% (р<0,001)) proved the above mentioned therapy scheme to be highly effective for treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children with chronic gastroduodenitis.

    Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Benzydamine; Child; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Duodenitis; Female; Gastritis; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Immunoglobulin G; Immunologic Factors; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1beta; Male; Mouth; Muramidase; Piperazines; Polymers; Saliva

2014
[The salivary factors related to caries and periodontal disease in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus].
    Zhonghua kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Zhonghua kouqiang yixue zazhi = Chinese journal of stomatology, 2013, Volume: 48, Issue:9

    To detect the salivary factors related to caries and periodontal disease and to analyze the risk of caries and periodontal disease in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus.. The study comprised 30 children with diabetic mellitus, aged 7-15 years old, and 60 healthy age-and gender-matched children. Caries and periodontal indexes were recorded and saliva related factors were analyzed.. Caries indexes of diabetes children [permanent teeth: decay missing filling tooth (DMFT) M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 4), deciduous teeth: decay missing filling tooth (dmft) M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 1)] were not significantly different with those of healthy children [DMFT M (Q1,Q3) = 1(0, 3), dmft M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 4)], but plaque index (PLI) (1.25 ± 0.33) and bleeding index (BI) (0.74 ± 0.45) of diabetes children were significantly higher than those of healthy children (PLI was 0.93 ± 0.31,BI was 0.34 ± 0.22) (P < 0.001). Salivary pH of diabetes children (7.68 ± 0.36) was significantly higher than that of healthy children (7.30 ± 0.32) (P < 0.05), and salivary acid buffering capacity had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Salivary glucose, immunoglobulin sIgA and sIgG were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05).Salivary lysozyme of diabetes children was significantly higher than that of healthy children (P < 0.05). Total protein was significantly lower in diabetes children than in healthy children (P < 0.05). Salivary lactate dehydrogenase had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).. Diabetes mellitus can lead to the changes of some salivary factors related to gingivitis in diabetes children. Children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus may have a higher risk of periodontal disease.

    Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque Index; Diabetes Complications; DMF Index; Female; Gingivitis; Glucose; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Lactate Dehydrogenases; Male; Muramidase; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Index; Proteins; Saliva

2013
Elevated levels of salivary lactoferrin, a marker for chronic periodontitis?
    Journal of periodontal research, 2012, Volume: 47, Issue:5

    Whole saliva is a complex mixture of fluids essential for the well-being of the oral hard and soft tissues. Saliva contains numerous antimicrobial proteins that help protect the oral ecosystem from infectious agents. Chronic periodontitis is an infectious chronic inflammatory condition that affects the tooth-supporting structures and leads to their destruction. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in concentrations of salivary lactoferrin in subjects with and without periodontal disease and correlate these values with clinical variables associated with periodontal disease.. Stimulated whole saliva was collected from 17 subjects with chronic periodontitis and 17 periodontally healthy control subjects. Data relating to bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and horizontal bone loss were registered. Concentrations of lactoferrin, lysozyme and IgA in stimulated whole saliva were quantified using ELISA.. Subjects with chronic periodontits showed higher concentrations of lactoferrin in stimulated whole saliva compared with periodontally healthy control subjects (p < 0.05). Salivary concentrations of lactoferrin were positively correlated with bleeding on probing (p < 0.001) and the number of sites with probing pocket depth ≥ 6 mm (p < 0.001).. Lactoferrin is raised in stimulated whole saliva in subjects with chronic periodontitis and is correlated with probing pocket depth ≥ 6 mm.

    Topics: Adult; Alveolar Bone Loss; Biomarkers; Chronic Periodontitis; Diabetes Complications; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Lactoferrin; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontium; Radiography, Bitewing; Saliva; Smoking

2012
The defensive role of lysozyme in human gingiva in inflammatory periodontal disease.
    Journal of periodontal research, 2009, Volume: 44, Issue:5

    The presence of lysozyme in human gingiva has not previously been demonstrated. In this study, we looked for evidence for the potential role of lysozyme as a protector of gingival elastic fibres. The objective of this study was also to determine the ex vivo susceptibility to hydrolysis of gingival elastic fibres from patients with or without periodontal disease by human leukocyte elastase and by human cathepsin G.. Using gingival tissue sections from eight control, 10 gingivitis and 10 periodontitis patients, we evaluated the area fraction occupied by gingival elastic fibres (after selective staining) by the use of automated image analysis. In the ex vivo experiments, serial tissue sections from four control, four gingivitis, four young periodontitis and four aged periodontitis patients were submitted to the action of human leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G, after which enzymatic activities were determined by image analysis. Indirect immunodetection of lysozyme was also done on tissue sections for all patients included in this study.. Large variations of the area fraction occupied by elastic fibres were observed in human gingiva from young and aged patients with and without periodontal disease. In control and gingivitis patients, leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G had high comparable elastin solubilizing activities. With young and aged periodontitis patients, the two serine proteinases had weak elastin solubilizing activities. Lysozyme appeared to be present at the periphery of gingival elastic fibres in periodontitis patients.. Lysozyme can be considered an important natural protector of elastic fibres in pathological gingiva.

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Cathepsin G; Cathepsins; Contractile Proteins; Elastic Tissue; Elastin; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Gingiva; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Humans; Hydrolysis; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Leukocyte Elastase; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Serine Endopeptidases; Young Adult

2009
Lysozyme and microbiota in relation to gingivitis and periodontitis.
    Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2009, Volume: 15, Issue:2

    The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the immune component of the oral cavity, lysozyme, in gingival crevicular fluid and unstimulated saliva, and colonization dynamics of periodontopathogenic bacteria from supra- and subgingival plaque samples in patients with gingivitis or periodontitis.. Lysozyme in crevicular fluid and unstimulated saliva, and bacteria in supra- and subgingival plaque samples were assessed in 84 samples from 28 patients with gingivitis, 96 samples from 32 patients with periodontitis, and 72 samples from 24 donors with intact periodontium and free of internal disease. Lysozyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically. The micro-IDent plus assay was used to detect 6 periodontopathogenic bacteria plaque samples.. Lysozyme activity in crevicular fluid in the gingivitis and periodontitis groups was significantly greater than that in the donor group, but lysozyme activity in unstimulated saliva was less than that in the donor group. Peptostreptococcus micros, Fusobacterium periodontium and Campylobacter rectus were predominant in subgingival plaque samples in the periodontitis group compared to the donor group (P<0.001), and Eubacterium nodatum and Eikenella corrodens were predominant in the gingivitis group compared to the donor group (P<0.001).. Lysozyme activity in crevicular fluid and in unstimulated saliva correlated with periodontal pocket depth in donors and in patients with gingivitis or periodontitis (specificity and sensitivity were both 100%). These findings indicate that infection with P. micros, F. periodontium, E. nodatum, E. corrodens, and C. rectus may be an important indicator of inflammatory periodontal disease development.

    Topics: Adult; Bacteria; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontitis; Prognosis; Regression Analysis

2009
Secretory function of neutrophilic leukocytes of the patients with periodontal diseases.
    Stomatologija, 2005, Volume: 7, Issue:3

    Aim of study was to examine periodontal status among 20 44 year old patients and to study the secretory function of peripheral venous blood neutrophilic leukocytes (NL) exposed to various antigens and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients suffering from gingivitis and periodontitis. Clinically were determined Russell's periodontal index (PI). Secretory function of NL affected by opsonized zymosane, non-opsonized E. coli was examined in 77 patients with gingivitis and periodontitis, and in 35 donors, free of internal diseases, by means of beta-glucuronidase (beta-GD), lysozyme (LZ). NL secreted higher levels of beta-GD in incubation medium in patients with periodontitis (p < or = 0.001) subject to degree of periodontal lesion. NL affected by various antigens secreted higher levels of LZ into non-cellular matrix in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis comparing to control environment in analogous groups. Data obtained from this study suggest that in patients with periodontitis response of NL to bacterial stimuli is specific and subject to the degree of periodontal lesion. Our study showed a significant difference of AP activity in GCF subject to pocket depth and degree of periodontal lesion. Once NL are exposed to corpuscules prone to phagocytosis, an increase in secretion of beta-GD and LZ can be explained by overall increase in secretion of NL lysosomic enzymes, thus disclosing the mechanism of inflammatory periodontal tissue damage.

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Antigens, Bacterial; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Glucuronidase; Humans; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Periodontitis

2005
Expression profile of human defensins and antimicrobial proteins in oral tissues.
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology, 2001, Volume: 30, Issue:3

    Antimicrobial peptides and proteins are an important part of the innate host defense. In the present study, the expression profile of three human alpha-defensins, of two human beta-defensins (hBD) and of phospholipase A-2 (PLA-2) and lysozyme was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 56 non-inflamed and 18 inflamed oral tissue samples and primary oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts. The transcripts for hBD-1 and -2 as well as for PLA-2 and lysozyme were found to be widely expressed. In the group of the alpha-defensins, the message for the human neutrophil peptide-1 (HNP-1) was frequently detected, whereas an expression of human Paneth's cell defensin-5 (HD-5) was identified in only a minority of samples. Transcripts for HD-6 were not detectable in any sample. Oral keratinocytes but not fibroblasts contained transcripts for the beta-defensins, suggesting that these defensins are produced in the epithelial compartment. In contrast, mRNA expression of neutrophil-derived HNP-1 and PLA-2 was not observed in any of these cells. These results suggest an important role for hBD-1 and hBD-2 in the innate oral epithelial host defense.

    Topics: beta-Defensins; Defensins; DNA, Complementary; Fibroblasts; Gingiva; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Keratinocytes; Muramidase; Phospholipases A; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Salivary Proteins and Peptides

2001
Chitinase in whole and glandular human salivas and in whole saliva of patients with periodontal inflammation.
    European journal of oral sciences, 1999, Volume: 107, Issue:5

    In recent studies the existence of a chitinase in various mammals, like man, was described. The aim of the present study was to find out whether salivas of periodontally healthy and inflamed humans also contain chitinase activity. Chitinase activity, assayed with the substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-N,N',N"-triacetylchitotrioside, was shown to be present in human whole saliva, with an activity level and apparent molecular mass (35 kDa) that were comparable with those of the human serum enzyme. Both lysozyme and beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase could be separated from chitinase by means of Bio-Gel P-100 gel filtration chromatography. The enzyme was also present in glandular saliva of parotid, palatine, submandibular and sublingual glands. The chitinase activity was not of oral epithelial, bacterial or plaque bacterial origin and was not correlated with the activity of salivary amylase. A comparative study of whole salivas of periodontally healthy controls and gingivitis and periodontitis subjects showed that only in the case of periodontitis there was a significant increase of the specific chitinase activity. The latter enzyme showed a gel filtration pattern that was comparable with that of the enzyme from controls. The measured albumin levels in saliva and the absence of correlation between the chitinase activity levels in plasma and saliva from periodontitis patients indicated that the (increased) chitinase activities did not originate from blood leakage to the oral cavity.

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amylases; beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases; Chitinases; Chromatography, Gel; Female; Gels; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Parotid Gland; Periodontitis; Saliva; Salivary Glands, Minor; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Sublingual Gland; Submandibular Gland

1999
Activities of lysozyme and salivary peroxidase in unstimulated whole saliva in relation to plaque and gingivitis scores in healthy young males.
    Clinical oral investigations, 1999, Volume: 3, Issue:3

    The purpose of the present investigation was to study the suitability of the salivary activity of lysozyme and salivary peroxidase for monitoring the inflammatory state of the gingiva. Salivary peroxidase and lysozyme activities in resting whole saliva were measured in a group of 140 male subjects (aged 18-30 years). A full mouth, clinical assessment of the plaque index (PI) and the sulcus bleeding index (SBI) was made and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) flow was measured at teeth 16, 12, 24, 36, 32 and 44 with the Periotron 6000. There were no significant differences in the mean values of lysozyme and salivary peroxidase activities between groups with different PI, SBI and GCF flow values. Statistically significant correlations were found among the clinical parameters, with SBI and PI showing the strongest relation (r = 0.47). The correlation between GCF flow and PI was higher (r = 0.43) than the correlation between GCF flow and SBI (r = 0.20). However, there were no statistically significant correlations between the activities of salivary peroxide and lysozyme and the clinical measures of gingival health.

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Plaque Index; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Muramidase; Periodontal Index; Peroxidase; Salivary Proteins and Peptides

1999
Genetic contributions to saliva protein concentrations in adult human twins.
    Archives of oral biology, 1994, Volume: 39, Issue:6

    The heritability of saliva protein concentrations was investigated in stored samples of clarified stimulated whole saliva from adult twins participating in a study of periodontal disease genetics. Saliva was obtained from 29 monozygous and 20 dizygous twin pairs. Visits were scheduled so that both twins in a pair donated saliva at the same time of day. Flow rate was determined, and frozen samples later assayed for lactoferrin, lysozyme, secretory IgA, total peroxidase, myeloperoxidase and total protein. Pairs were always assayed together. Within- and between-pair variances were used to estimate twin intraclass correlations. Pearson correlations were used to estimate associations between saliva variables and clinical indices of gingivitis, dental plaque, periodontal attachment loss, and probing depth. Significant genetic contributions to variance were seen for total protein, lactoferrin, and total peroxidase. Total protein showed a significant positive correlation with gingivitis. There were no other correlations with clinical indices, and intraclass correlations for saliva variables did not change after adjustment for gingivitis. Dizygous twin correlations were higher than monozygous twin correlations for flow rate, lysozyme, and secretory IgA. That may be an artefact due to small numbers of pairs. It seems unlikely that a common environmental factor would strongly affect saliva in twins living apart as adults. Present findings, taken as sib correlations, support a genetic contribution to saliva protein concentrations. Problems with the twin model in saliva might be resolved by longitudinal studies of large numbers of twins.

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Diseases in Twins; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Lactoferrin; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontitis; Peroxidase; Peroxidases; Saliva; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Secretory Rate; Twins; Twins, Dizygotic; Twins, Monozygotic

1994
Concentrations of thiocyanate, hypothiocyanite, 'free' and 'total' lysozyme, lactoferrin and secretory IgA in resting and stimulated whole saliva of children aged 12-14 years and the relationship with plaque accumulation and gingivitis.
    Journal of periodontal research, 1993, Volume: 28, Issue:2

    Resting and stimulated whole saliva was collected from 94 children aged 12-14 years and analyzed for thiocyanate, hypothiocyanite, 'free' and 'total' lysozyme, lactoferrin and secretory IgA. Clinical assessments of the amounts of plaque and gingival inflammation were made, and plaque was collected for determination of dry weight. An inverse relationship was observed between salivary thiocyanate concentrations in both resting and stimulated saliva and the amounts of plaque and gingival inflammation in these subjects (p < 0.05). Lactoferrin concentration in stimulated saliva was directly related to the amounts of plaque and gingivitis (p < 0.05). 'Total' lysozyme concentration in stimulated saliva was directly related to the amount of plaque (p < 0.05), and the 'free' lysozyme concentration in the same saliva was directly related to the amount of gingivitis (p < 0.05). The direct relationship observed between clinical measurements and both lysozyme and lactoferrin concentrations in saliva may have been due to contributions from gingival crevicular fluid. Cluster analysis identified three groups of subjects with different profiles in resting whole saliva, and in particular with different levels of secretory IgA. A statistically significant difference was observed in the quantity of plaque collected from subjects in two of these groups (p < 0.05). These results from cluster analysis using resting whole saliva from children confirmed the findings of a previous study with young adults.

    Topics: Adolescent; Child; Cluster Analysis; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Lactoferrin; Multivariate Analysis; Muramidase; Saliva; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Secretory Rate; Thiocyanates

1993
Gingival fluid, beta 2-microglobulin and protein levels as indicators of periodontal disease.
    Scandinavian journal of dental research, 1989, Volume: 97, Issue:6

    beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m), lysozyme and protein concentrations in gingival fluid were analyzed in 19 patients with severe periodontitis and in 19 controls devoid of any clinical signs of inflammation. A significant increase of the total protein and beta 2-m levels was found in periodontal subjects. In contrast, lysozyme concentration did not reflect the inflammatory status of the periodontium. Statistical analyses showed significant correlations between beta 2-m and protein concentrations in both groups. Furthermore, the values obtained by Periotron 600 closely correlated with the protein and beta 2-m contents, indicating that this method is a reliable aid in assessment of the quantity and quality of crevicular exudate and thus the severity of periodontal disease.

    Topics: Adult; beta 2-Microglobulin; Diagnosis, Oral; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontitis; Proteins

1989
Antimicrobial systems of human whole saliva in relation to dental caries, cariogenic bacteria, and gingival inflammation in young adults.
    Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 1988, Volume: 46, Issue:2

    The association of salivary antibody (total IgA, IgG, and IgM and antibodies reactive with Streptococcus mutans) and non-antibody (lysozyme, lactoferrin, salivary peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, hypothiocyanite, thiocyanate) defense factors with oral health (past and present dental caries, gingival bleeding, the number of salivary S. mutans and lactobacilli) were studied in 50 naval recruits. Dental caries was significantly associated with large amounts of S. mutans, lactobacilli, and total salivary immunoglobulins and with low salivary flow rate and buffer capacity. Salivary anti-S. mutans antibodies did not correlate with dental caries or S. mutans levels. Moreover, none of the salivary non-antibody factors alone had any strong relationship to dental caries or S. mutans levels. Gingival inflammation was associated with elevated levels of lysozyme in whole saliva. It is concluded that in adults the associations between single-point measurements of most salivary antimicrobial constituents and the factors describing oral health are weak.

    Topics: Adult; Dental Caries; DMF Index; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Lactobacillus; Male; Muramidase; Periodontal Index; Saliva; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Secretory Rate; Streptococcus mutans

1988
[Lysozyme activity of the serum and saliva in patients with periodontopathy].
    Minerva stomatologica, 1986, Volume: 35, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Saliva

1986
[Effect of a dentifrice containing lysozyme chloride on periodontal disease].
    Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai kaishi, 1986, Volume: 28, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Dentifrices; Double-Blind Method; Gingivitis; Humans; Muramidase; Sodium Fluoride; Toothbrushing

1986
Immunohistochemical identification of alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, and lysozyme in focal hyperplastic gingivitis.
    Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology, 1985, Volume: 59, Issue:2

    Tissues from twenty-four patients with focal hyperplastic gingival lesions containing calcification were stained for lysozyme (muramidase), alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. In eighteen of the twenty-four cases the tissues stained positively for lysozyme, and in all instances the tissues stained positively for alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. These data suggest that the fibrous components of these lesions are derived from tissue histiocytes.

    Topics: alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Calcinosis; Chymotrypsin; Gingival Hyperplasia; Gingivitis; Histiocytes; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunochemistry; Muramidase; Odontogenic Tumors

1985
[Determination and analysis of lysozyme and IgA in dental plaque and saliva and IgG in saliva of patients with dental caries and gingivitis].
    Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 1984, Volume: 64, Issue:10

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Muramidase; Saliva

1984
Effect of human leukocyte extracts and gingival exudate on periodontopathic bacteria.
    Inflammation, 1983, Volume: 7, Issue:2

    The effect of leukocyte hydrolytic enzymes on periodontopathic bacteria was examined in vitro. A frozen and thawed extract of human peripheral blood leukocytes (LE) and human gingival crevicular exudate (GE) were shown to be able to cause the release of 50% of the radioactivity from a leukotoxic strain of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa Y4), labeled by 14C. A nonleukotoxic strain (Aa 653) was shown to be more susceptible to both LE and GE, up to 68% of the total radioactivity was solubilized by LE at pH 7.4. Both bacterial strains were found to be resistant to the activity of lysozyme, but highly susceptible to lysolecithin and mixtures of lysolecithin and lysozyme or LE. Capnocytophaga sputigena strain 4 was also found to be partially susceptible to the effect of LE and GE. The possible role of leukocyte hydrolytic enzymes in bacteriolysis and release of bacterial products in relation to periodontal disease is discussed.

    Topics: Actinobacillus; Adult; Bacteriolysis; Capnocytophaga; Cells, Cultured; Cytophagaceae; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Leukocytes; Muramidase; Periodontitis

1983
Lysozyme and lactoferrin quantitation in the crevicular fluid.
    Journal of periodontology, 1983, Volume: 54, Issue:6

    This study was designed to determine if quantitation of lysosomal products in crevicular fluid may be useful as a diagnostic test to evaluate clinical status in periodontal disease. Levels of lysozyme and lactoferrin were quantitated in crevicular fluid from patients with gingivitis, generalized adult periodontitis, localized juvenile periodontitis and normals. Crevicular fluid (CF) was collected from each patient by standardized filter paper strips and evaluated for lysozyme and lactoferrin by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. Levels of lysozyme (micrograms of protein per microliter of CF) were significantly higher in localized juvenile periodontitis patients as compared to gingivitis and adult periodontitis. On the other hand, levels of lactoferrin (micrograms of protein per microliter of CF) did not show significant differences between gingivitis, adult periodontitis and localized juvenile periodontitis. These results indicate that a lysozyme to lactoferrin ratio could be of value as a diagnostic test for localized juvenile periodontitis patients.

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Lactoferrin; Lactoglobulins; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis

1983
[Clinical effects of Leftose 30 mg tablets in the treatment of periodontal diseases].
    Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai kaishi, 1983, Volume: 25, Issue:1

    Topics: Gingivitis; Humans; Muramidase; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Tablets

1983
[Clinical effects of the dentifrice, "Dentake toothpaste", containing lysozyme chloride, on periodontal disease].
    Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai kaishi, 1983, Volume: 25, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Toothbrushing; Toothpastes

1983
Studies of host responses during experimental gingivitis in humans. I. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte responses to autologous plaque collected during the development of gingival inflammation.
    Journal of periodontal research, 1979, Volume: 14, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Cells, Cultured; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis; Humans; Lactoferrin; Lysosomes; Male; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Peroxidase

1979
Lysozyme activity in saliva from children with various degree of gingivitis.
    Swedish dental journal, 1979, Volume: 3, Issue:2

    The lysozyme activity was determined in paraffin stimulated whole saliva from 51 randomly selected children. The average age was 6.5 years. The children were divided into four groups according to their degree of gingival inflammation. An agardiffusion method was used with Micrococcus lysodeikticus as indicator of the lysozyme activity. The mean value of the lysozyme activity was determined to 48.4 microgram/ml. In the non-inflamed group the enzyme activity was 8.7 microgram/ml, whereas it was lower, 31.5 microgram/ml, in children with inflamed gingiva. The correlation coefficient (p less than 0.05) suggest that there is a negative relationship between saliva lysozyme and the degree of gingival inflammation. Furthermore this study indicates that lysozyme acts as one of the resistant-factors against gingival inflammation in young individuals.

    Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Muramidase; Saliva

1979
Lysozyme activity in gingival crevicular fluid.
    Journal of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, 1977, Volume: 32, Issue:2

    Topics: Gingiva; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunodiffusion; Muramidase; Periodontitis

1977
Interaction of inflammatory cells and oral microorganisms. IV. In vitro release of lysosomal constituents from polymorphonuclear leukocytes exposed to supragingival and subgingival bacterial plaque.
    Infection and immunity, 1977, Volume: 16, Issue:3

    The deposition of bacterial plaques on tooth surfaces appears to be responsible for the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. In this study, human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) actively released lysosomal constituents upon in vitro exposure to either viable or irradiated, supragingival or subgingival dental plaque. Plaques were obtained from the PMN donors (autologous plaque) or from pooled samples (homologous plaque) secured from patients with periodontal lesions. Fresh sera from PMN donors amplified the release reactions to supragingival and subgingival plaques. Heated (56 degrees C, 30 min) sera also enhanced release reactions, but not as consistently as fresh serum. It was postulated that modulation of PMN release by serum is mediated by complement components and/or antibodies to plaque bacteria. Electron microscopic observations indicated that degranulation and discharge of PMN lysosomal enzymes may be associated with phagocytosis of gram-positive and gram-negative plaque bacteria and with reverse endocytosis of lysosomes from cells contacting relatively large masses of aggregated plaque bacteria. These data suggest that PMN lysosome release in response to plaque may serve as a potential mechanism of tissue injury in the pathogenesis of gingival and periodontal inflammation.

    Topics: Bacteria; Dental Plaque; Endocytosis; Gingivitis; Glucuronidase; Hot Temperature; Humans; Immune Sera; In Vitro Techniques; Lysosomes; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Periodontitis; Peroxidase; Peroxidases; Phagocytosis

1977
Exocytosis of polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal contents induced by dental plaque.
    Infection and immunity, 1977, Volume: 16, Issue:3

    Rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes were incubated with a sonically treated suspension of pooled dental plaque to determine if the plaque would induce release of lysosomal enzymes from the polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Cells incubated with plaque at 37 degrees C released significantly greater amounts of the lysosomal enzymes, beta-glucuronidase and lysozyme, than did cells incubated with plaque at 0 degrees C or without plaque at 37 degrees C. This response was both dose and time dependent. Release of the cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase was minimal, and there were no significant differences in lactate dehydrogenase release between cells at 0 and 37 degrees C, or without plaque. These results indicate that dental plaque can induce the selective release of lysosomal enzymes, which could be involved in the periodontal injury produced by dental plaque.

    Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cytoplasm; Dental Plaque; Exocytosis; Gingivitis; Glucuronidase; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lysosomes; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Periodontitis; Rabbits; Temperature

1977
Lysozyme concentrations in the gingival crevice and at other oral sites in human subjects with and without gingivitis.
    Archives of oral biology, 1976, Volume: 21, Issue:4

    Topics: Chemical Precipitation; Female; Gingiva; Gingival Pocket; Gingivitis; Humans; Lip; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Muramidase; Parotid Gland; Saliva

1976
[Lysozyme activity in gingival exudate from patients with periodontal disease (author's transl)].
    Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai kaishi, 1975, Volume: 17, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Alveolar Process; Bone Resorption; Female; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingival Pocket; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Oral Hygiene Index; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Index; Sex Factors; Tooth Mobility

1975
Effect of experimental leukopenia on chronic gingival inflammation in dogs. 1. Induction of leukopenia by nitrogen mustard.
    Journal of periodontal research, 1971, Volume: 6, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Gingivitis; Leukopenia; Mechlorethamine; Muramidase

1971
[Effect of lysozyme paste on periodontal disease].
    Aichi Gakuin Daigaku Shigakkai shi, 1971, Volume: 9, Issue:1

    Topics: Gingivitis; Muramidase; Periodontitis

1971
Enzyme activities in experimental gingivitis in man.
    Scandinavian journal of dental research, 1971, Volume: 79, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Dental Plaque; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Isoelectric Focusing; Male; Muramidase; Peptide Hydrolases; Time Factors

1971
Anti-inflammatory effect of lysozyme paste on experimental gingivitis induced by various chemical mediators in guinea pig.
    Journal of periodontology, 1970, Volume: 41, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Croton Oil; Gingivitis; Guinea Pigs; Muramidase; Protamines; RNA

1970
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE LYSOZYME ACTIVITY OF HUMAN GINGIVAL POCKET FLUID, SERUM, AND SALIVA.
    Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 1964, Volume: 22

    Topics: Blood; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Gingival Pocket; Gingivitis; Humans; Micrococcus; Muramidase; Periodontitis; Saliva

1964