muramidase and Dysgammaglobulinemia

Topics: Dysgammaglobulinemia; Humans; IgA Deficiency; IgG Deficiency; Immunoglobulin M; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Lung; Lung Diseases; Lymphopenia; Muramidase; T-Lymphocytes

A study was made of the humoral (IgA, G, M, lysozyme and lactoferrin) and cellular links (phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages) of pulmonary local defence as well as sputum adhesion in 177 patients with chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases (80 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, 54 patients with pyo-obstructive bronchitis, 23 patients with chronic purulent bronchitis and 20 patients with chronic nonobstructive bronchitis). A rise of the level of lysozyme and lactoferrin in the bronchial content and sputum as compared to the initial level was accompanied by a decrease in the sputum adhesion and promoted the elimination of exacerbation. In the absence of a rise or reduction of the concentration of lysozyme and lactoferrin over time more prolonged exacerbations and a tendency to purulent complications were noted. A stable drop or absence of IgA in bronchial wash off were observed in patients with IgA selective deficiency, and lung lesions were characterized by inclination to frequent recurrences, lingering exacerbations, concomitant diseases of the accessory sinuses and GI tract disorders. Indices of the phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages in patients with chronic purulent bronchitis, particularly against a background of chronic alcoholic intoxication, were significantly lower as compared to patients with catarrhal bronchitis.

Topics: Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Dysgammaglobulinemia; Humans; IgA Deficiency; Immunoglobulins; Lactoferrin; Lung; Macrophages; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Alveoli; Recurrence; Sputum

Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Diabetes Complications; Dysgammaglobulinemia; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin M; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections

Nine children with IgA deficiency were studied in order to evaluate by the immunoperoxidase technique the behaviour of secretory component (SC), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT), lysozyme and esterase in biopsies of intestinal mucosa. In none of the studied patients was SC found to be lacking, suggesting that the epithelial transport mechanism of IgA across enterocytes was relatively normal. The distribution of SC activity in immunodeficient children differed however from that seen in control intestinal mucosa in its non-uniform distribution on the villus, abnormal retention in the Golgi region of enterocytes or exclusive activity confined to the proliferating compartment of the villus. The staining of alpha 1-AT in enterocytes was clearly obvious in all studied cases with no alteration in zonal distribution when compared with normal human mucosa. The lysozyme staining pattern was seen exclusively in Paneth cells. The non-specific esterase positive enterocytes observed in control mucosa failed to stain in biopsies from IgA deficient children. The results of this study of SC, alpha 1-AT, lysozyme and esterase may indicate that IgA deficiency is not related to a defect in enterocyte transport of immunoglobulins and confirms previously reported findings indicating the lymphoid B-cell compartment to be altered.

Topics: alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Dysgammaglobulinemia; Female; Humans; IgA Deficiency; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunoglobulin Fragments; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Muramidase; Secretory Component

The activity of non-specific protection factors (complement titer, lysozyme level, completed phagocytosis index and serum immunoglobulin (IG) concentration) was studied in 100 children, aged 3 to 14 years: 70 with diabetes mellitus and 30 normal subjects. The results obtained indicate a decreased reactivity of the child organism in diabetes mellitus, the reduction degree being directly proportional to the main process severity and decompensation extent. Serum IG level in children, suffering from diabetes mellitus, is disturbed, i.e. high IgA concentration is often seen in the presence of normal IgM level and normal or decreased IgG content. Disimmunoglobulinemia is intensified within decompensation phase, depending on the pathological process duration and severity. The reduced IgG level in patients with severe diabetes apart from lower indices of non-specific immunity, stipulates pred disposition of children with diabetes mellitus to the secondary infection development. The indices studied may be used not only for characterizing the body immunobiological reactivity and protective mechanisms, but also for determining the disease severity and form.

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Complement System Proteins; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Dysgammaglobulinemia; Female; Humans; Hypergammaglobulinemia; IgG Deficiency; Immunoglobulin A; Male; Muramidase; Phagocytosis