muramidase and Dysentery--Bacillary

Course of the disease and some indices of immunity were studied in 100 children with Sonne's and Flexner's dysentery. Parameters of immunity in 32 children (the 1st group) were normal. 68 patients (the 2-nd group) had secondary immune deficiency and leukopenia. Recovery of immunodeficient children in use of antibiotics and prodigiosan was slowed down by 5.2 days as compared to that of children without immunodeficiency. Antibiotics used in combination with lysozyme in patients of the 1st group resulted in restoration of immunological reactivity and recovery in usual terms.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dysentery, Bacillary; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Infant; Leukopenia; Muramidase; Shigella flexneri; Shigella sonnei; Time Factors

Prospects for the correction of disturbances in the macrophagal system with a combination of lysozyme and vitamin E in patients with a protracted course of dysentery caused by Shigella flexneri 1b were studied. The phagocytic activity of macrophages (PAM) was found to be suppressed as early as at the beginning of the disease. Out of 38 persons repeatedly found to release shigellae 24 were administered polychemotherapy. PAM indices in patients treated with lysozyme and tocopherol acetate were likely to normalize, this being indicative of the positive effect of these preparations on the functional activity of the macrophagal system.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dysentery, Bacillary; Female; Humans; Macrophages; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Shigella flexneri; Vitamin E

The effect of subinhibitory doses of 25 antibiotics on the antilysozyme property of enterobacteria considered as a marker of their persistence was studied. This provided dividing the antibiotics into 3 groups: antibiotics increasing the bacterial capacity for lysozyme degradation, antibiotics indifferent with respect to this property and antibiotics decreasing it. Decreasing of the Salmonella antilysozyme activity by gentamicin under experimental conditions promoted suppression of the bacteria parasitism in Hep-2 cells. Clinical and laboratory studies on the effect of antibiotic therapy under the control of the time course of the antilysozyme property of the pathogen in patients with acute dysentery, pyelonephritis and inflammatory processes in the female genitalia showed that the use of the antibiotics increasing this property in the pathogen was not advisable which was confirmed by the absence of significant clinical improvement in the patients and necessity of prolonging the sanative period.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cells, Cultured; Child; Drug Evaluation; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Dysentery, Bacillary; Enterobacteriaceae; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Muramidase; Pyelonephritis; Salmonella Infections

Pathogenic mechanisms in infectious diseases often involve specific receptor-ligand interactions of cells and soluble molecules. To further elucidate structure-function relations for shigella toxin receptors, we studied binding of purified 125I-labeled toxin and biologic response under various conditions in an experimental model using HeLa cells. Response to toxin was reversibly inhibited by treatment of cells with trypsin or tunicamycin, an inhibitor of glycoprotein synthesis that also significantly inhibited toxin binding, a result indicating that the receptor is an N-linked glycoprotein. Removal of terminal beta-linked galactose from the HeLa cell surface with beta-galactosidase increased toxin binding and activity, and it also potentiated the effects of lysozyme and wheat-germ agglutinin, which recognize oligomeric beta 1----4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and inhibit toxin activity as well. Incubation of cells with beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, which cleaves terminal beta-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, inhibited toxin activity. Effects of beta-galactosidase were reversed by readdition of galactose to cell-surface oligosaccharide acceptors. The data demonstrate that alterations of a single sugar on cell-surface glycoproteins may have a dramatic effect on receptor activity and indicate that shigella toxin is a sugar-binding protein with specificity for beta 1----4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.

Topics: Acetylglucosamine; alpha-Galactosidase; Bacterial Toxins; beta-Galactosidase; Cell Survival; Dysentery, Bacillary; Galactose; Galactosidases; Glycoproteins; HeLa Cells; Humans; Lectins; Muramidase; Neuraminidase; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Immunologic; Shiga Toxins; Trypsin; Tunicamycin; Wheat Germ Agglutinins

The course of dysentery and the host immune responsiveness were studied in 171 children with acute Flexner's and Sonne dysentery. 67 children were treated with monomycin in combination with lysozyme and 104 children with monomycin alone. It was shown that the recovery period in children treated with monomycin and lysozyme was shorter as compared to that in children treated with monomycin alone. The immunity characteristics in children treated with monomycin were closer to the physiological values. It is concluded that lysozyme potentiates the antibiotic therapy in children with dysentery. It should be used combined with monomycin in the treatment of children irrespective of the age and the disease pattern. The treatment course with the use of monomycin in combination with lysozyme is reduced to 5 days.

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dysentery, Bacillary; Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Infant; Muramidase; Shigella flexneri; Shigella sonnei; Time Factors

Topics: Antibodies; Antilymphocyte Serum; B-Lymphocytes; Complement System Proteins; Dysentery, Bacillary; Hemagglutination Tests; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Leukocyte Count; Muramidase; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Antibody Formation; Complement System Proteins; Dysentery, Bacillary; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunity, Innate; Muramidase; Rosette Formation; Shigella flexneri; Shigella sonnei

Interrelation between the level of the serum lysozyme and the count of the leucocytes, as well as the severity of the disease was found in testing of the peripheral blood of 133 patients with acute Sonnei and Flexner dysentery. It is recommended to use the lysozyme index in the clinical practice as one of the additional criteria for estimation of the severity of acute dysentery.

Topics: Acute Disease; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Dysentery, Bacillary; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Lymphocytes; Monocytes; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Shigella flexneri; Shigella sonnei

The level of total Enterobacterial Enterotoxins of the blood serum, of beta-lysins, lysozyme activity, complement and normal antibodies were studied in 191 patients with acute Flexner dysentery and in 285 patients with acute Sonne dysentery, depending on the period of the disease, its severity, the treatment applied, and the species of the causative agent. The level of the nonspecific humoral immunity factors increased before the treatment and its normalization depended on the treatment applied.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Complement System Proteins; Dysentery, Bacillary; Female; Furazolidone; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Shigella flexneri; Shigella sonnei; Sulfathiazoles

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Dysentery, Bacillary; Female; Hepatitis A; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Bloodletting; Complement System Proteins; Dysentery, Bacillary; gamma-Globulins; Immunity; Mice; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Properdin; Rabbits; Salmonella Infections; Tetanus

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Dysentery, Bacillary; Escherichia coli; Muramidase; Rabbits; Typhoid Fever; Vaccination

Topics: Animals; Bacillus; Blood; Dysentery; Dysentery, Bacillary; Immunity, Innate; Immunogenetics; Lacticaseibacillus casei; Muramidase; Rabbits; Research; Tetanus Toxoid; Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines; Vaccination