muramidase and Diabetic-Retinopathy

Antibacterial immunity in diabetes is impaired, which increases the risk of general and local infections. The aim of the study was to evaluate non-specific local antibacterial immunity based on lactoferrin and lysozyme concentration in tears in children with diabetes type 1.. Children at the age of 10-18 years old were studied. Group 1. consisted of children without diabetes, group 2. included patients with new onset of diabetes and group 3. consisted of children with decade-long diabetes. Among all patients tears were collected from inferior coniunctival fornix with hematocrit glass capillaries in purpose to measure lactoferrin and lysozyme concentration. ELISA method was used in laboratory testing.. Level of lactoferrin did not differ significantly among all groups. Concentration of lysozyme was statistically lower in group with decade-long diabetes (group 3.) compared to patients without diabetes. Mild correlation between lactoferrin and lysozyme levels was seen in individual patients in whole group of probands together.. Diabetes type 1 in children is associated with significant changes in concentration of tear proteins, which contribute to antibacterial immunity.

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Retinopathy; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Eye Proteins; Female; Health Status Indicators; Humans; Lactoferrin; Male; Muramidase

The activities of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) were measured in 207 diabetic patients and 57 healthy controls, and the relationship of these enzymes to different stages of diabetic microangiopathy was studied. Diabetics with clinical proteinuria had higher urinary NAG and AAP (17.7 +/- 1.9 and 42.8 +/- 4.9 U/g creatinine, mean +/- SE, respectively) than healthy controls (1.8 +/- 0.1 and 10.0 +/- 0.4) or diabetics without proteinuria. Among diabetics without proteinuria, NAG excretion in those with retinopathy was slightly higher than in those without (6.4 +/- 0.5 v 5.4 +/- 0.4), and AAP in those with retinopathy was significantly higher than in those without (23.0 +/- 1.5 v 17.4 +/- 0.8, P less than 0.01). Urinary albumin measured by radioimmunoassay and lysozyme in diabetics with retinopathy but without proteinuria was higher than those without retinopathy (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.01). The increase in albumin was the greatest in diabetics with long duration of the disease (greater than or equal to 8 years); however, NAG and AAP increased more significantly in those with high hemoglobin A1c than in patients with long duration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Adult; Aged; Albuminuria; Aminopeptidases; CD13 Antigens; Creatinine; Diabetic Angiopathies; Diabetic Retinopathy; Female; Hexosaminidases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Proteinuria

The excretion of alanine aminopeptidase in the urine is changed by several factors influencing the tubuli. The diabetics increasedly excrete alanine aminopeptidase in the urine, apparantly as an expression of an increased cell moulting of the tubuli. Whether the increased alanine aminopeptidase activity of the urine may indicate a diabetic nephropathy, is to be clarified only by means of bioptic investigations of the kidneys. Streptomycin can also like a nephrostasis as a sequel of a decompensated cor pulmonale increase the activity of alanine aminopeptidase of the urine.

Topics: Aminopeptidases; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Nephropathies; Diabetic Retinopathy; Female; Humans; Male; Muramidase; Sex Factors