muramidase and Communicable-Diseases

Topics: Antibody Formation; Antibody Specificity; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; B-Lymphocytes; Cilia; Communicable Diseases; Complement System Proteins; Epithelium; Epitopes; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunity; Immunity, Cellular; Immunoglobulin A; Immunologic Memory; Inflammation; Macrophages; Mononuclear Phagocyte System; Mucous Membrane; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Phagocytosis; T-Lymphocytes

Increased serum levels of angiotensin converting enzyme and lysozyme are considered as inflammatory markers for diagnosis of sarcoidosis which is an autoimmune inflammatory disease. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of differences in serum angiotensin converting enzyme and lysozyme levels of patients with ocular involvement of other autoimmune inflammatory and infectious diseases.. This is a prospective study involving patients with ankylosing spondylitis, behcet's disease, presumed sarcoidosis, presumed latent tuberculosis, presumed latent syphilis, and control group. The serum levels of angiotensin converting enzyme and lysozyme were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bonnferoni analysis was used to assess pairwise comparisons between the groups.. There was a significant increase in serum angiotensin converting enzyme level in patients with presumed sarcoidosis compared to ankylosing spondylitis (p = 0.0001), behcet's disease (p = 0.0001), presumed latent tuberculosis (p = 0.0001), presumed latent syphilis (p = 0.0001), and control group (p = 0.0001). The increase in serum lysozyme level was significant for patients with presumed sarcoidosis with respect to ankylosing spondylitis (p = 0.0001), behcet's disease, (p = 0.0001) presumed latent tuberculosis (p = 0.001), presumed latent syphilis (p = 0.033), and control group (p = 0.0001).. Elevated serum angiotensin converting enzyme levels are significant for patients with presumed sarcoidosis compared to ocular involvement of other autoimmune diseases such as behcet's disease and ankylosing spondylitis, and ocular involvement of infectious diseases such as presumed latent tuberculosis and presumed latent syphilis. However, elevated serum lysozyme level might be also detected in ocular involvement of infectious diseases such as presumed latent tuberculosis and presumed latent syphilis.. NCT02627209. Date of registration: 12/09/2015.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Autoimmune Diseases; Behcet Syndrome; Child; Communicable Diseases; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Latent Tuberculosis; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Prospective Studies; Sarcoidosis; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Syphilis

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Communicable Diseases; Humans; Models, Biological; Muramidase; Peptide Hydrolases

The aggregation of non-serotypable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) by whole saliva from patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) was investigated. Significant differences were observed between salivary aggregating activity of a control and COLD population (P < 0.001). Saliva from patients less prone to acute exacerbations had a greater capacity to aggregate bacteria compared with saliva from patients with a predilection to infection. The mechanism of saliva-mediated aggregation of NTHI was investigated and shown to be related to lysozyme content. Lysozyme activity in saliva was measured by the turbidimetric technique and results showed that patients with chronic bronchitis had increased levels of salivary lysozyme, with a subpopulation within the non-infection-prone group having greater amounts. A significant difference was observed in salivary lysozyme between controls and non-infection-prone (P < 0.005) and infection-prone (P < 0.05) patients, respectively: the non-infection-prone patients having significantly (P < 0.005) more than the infection-prone patients. There was significant correlation (r = 0.742, P < 0.001) between salivary aggregation of NTHI and lysozyme activity. Chromatographically purified human lysozyme had a similar aggregation profile to that of saliva. There was no difference in serum and saliva lactoferrin concentrations between groups, but there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in serum lysozyme concentration in the non-infection-prone group. This study suggests that the level of salivary lysozyme derived from macrophages may play an important role in determining resistance or susceptibility to acute bronchitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Communicable Diseases; Female; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Inflammation; Lactoferrin; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Macrophages; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Saliva; Salivation

Topics: Communicable Diseases; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Meningitis; Muramidase; Otitis; Respiratory Tract Infections

Topics: Acclimatization; Animals; Antibody Formation; Communicable Diseases; Complement System Proteins; Haplorhini; Immunity; Leukocytes; Macaca; Micrococcus; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Properdin; Saliva; Shigella flexneri

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antiviral Agents; Communicable Diseases; Dermatologic Agents; Muramidase