muramidase and Asthma

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Asthma; Complement System Proteins; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Interferons; Lactoferrin; Leukocytes; Lung; Macrophages; Muramidase; Phagocytosis; Reagins; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Sarcoidosis; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Mucolytic agents are often used in Japan to ease excessive mucus production in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or bronchial asthma (BA); the treatment ameliorates dyspnea and improves quality of life (QOL).. Efficacy and safety of lysozyme hydrochloride (LYS), an oral mucolytic enzyme preparation, for patients with COPD or BA were investigated.. This study was a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, cross-over design. Twenty-four patients with COPD and twenty-four patients with BA were enrolled. LYS or placebo was administered for 28 days in each treatment period, with a 28-day washout between the first and second treatment periods. The results of spirometry, impulse oscillometry system (IOS) examination, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement, as well as the changes in the subjective symptoms, were evaluated after the treatment period.. On spirometry, airway function (FEV1) improved in patients with COPD after administration of LYS (LYS vs placebo: 0.08 L vs 0.029 L, p = 0.030). Similar trends were also found in %FEV1 in COPD patients. On IOS examination, resistance of the respiratory system at 5 Hz levels was significantly improved only in patients with COPD (LYS vs placebo: -0.455 cm H2O/L/s vs 0.095 cmH2O/L/s, p = 0.012). Similar trends were found in terms of the resistance of the respiratory system at 20 Hz, and of the reactance area. In the COPD assessment test, subjective symptoms also significantly improved in patients with COPD during the LYS treatment period (improvement rates-LYS vs. placebo: 69.6% vs. 39.1%; p = 0.022). A similar effect of LYS was not seen in BA patients.. LYS, a mucolytic agent, has capability to improve the function of peripheral airways in patients with COPD, which leads to improvements of the patients' symptoms and QOL.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asthma; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Dyspnea; Expectorants; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Nitric Oxide; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life; Spirometry; Sputum; Treatment Outcome

We have previously proposed that, compared with rhinitis alone, the constellation of upper and lower airway allergic disease is a manifestation of a more severe form of a syndrome affecting the entire airway. If this is correct, not only the lower, but also the upper airways of patients with asthma and rhinitis should demonstrate more abnormalities compared with patients with rhinitis alone, including higher sensitivity to irritant factors. Objective To test the hypothesis that, a previously well-studied natural nasal stimulus, cold, dry air (CDA), produces a stronger response in subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma compared with subjects with AR alone.. We performed nasal provocation with CDA on 24 individuals with asthma and rhinitis and 17 with rhinitis alone. Prior to and after the challenge, nasal symptoms were recorded using visual analogue scales and nasal lavages were performed to determine histamine and lysozyme levels.. The two groups reacted differently to CDA: after the challenge, patients with rhinitis and asthma reported significantly higher scores for nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and lacrimation. Also in this group, significant increases in histamine and in lysozyme levels in nasal lavage fluids were induced by CDA. In subjects with rhinitis alone, CDA failed to increase histamine or lysozyme levels above baseline. The CDA-induced change from baseline in histamine was significantly higher in the patients with rhinitis and asthma, compared with the rhinitis-only group.. Patients with AR and asthma have stronger nasal responsiveness to CDA compared with patients with rhinitis alone. This observation is consistent with the notion that compared with rhinitis alone, the presence of asthma and rhinitis signifies a higher degree of functional abnormality of the entire airway.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Asthma; Cold Temperature; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Histamine; Humans; Humidity; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nasal Mucosa; Nasal Provocation Tests; Rhinitis; Statistics, Nonparametric

Salmeterol is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist that is widely used in the treatment of asthma. It has been suggested that non-bronchodilator actions of salmeterol may contribute to its efficacy.. To further evaluate the potential non-bronchodilator actions of salmeterol in vivo, using a model of nasal challenge with allergen.. Twelve asymptomatic subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of the effects of a single dose of 100 microg of salmeterol on the response to allergen challenge. Sneezing and symptom scores, and levels of histamine and albumin in nasal lavages, were measured throughout the protocol. Concentrations of tryptase, prostaglandin D2 and lysozyme were measured during the acute allergic response, while levels of IL-3, IL-5 and IL-8 were measured at later time points. Numbers of eosinophils and of total white blood cells were also recorded.. Salmeterol did not affect sneezing or symptom scores at any point. During the immediate response to allergen challenge, mast cell activation, reflected by concentrations of histamine, tryptase and prostaglandin D2, and serous glandular secretion, assessed by measurements of lysozyme, were unaffected by salmeterol treatment but vascular permeability, reflected by concentrations of albumin in nasal lavages, was significantly reduced. At later time points, salmeterol had no effect on levels of histamine or albumin and did not affect cellular infiltration. Concentrations of IL-3, IL-5 and IL-8 were not increased by allergen challenge in these subjects, so the effects of salmeterol could not be evaluated.. Treatment with a single dose of salmeterol had no effect on activation of mast cells or cellular infiltration but inhibited vascular permeability. The ability of salmeterol to inhibit antigen-induced vascular permeability may contribute to its therapeutic efficacy in asthma.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Albuterol; Asthma; Capillary Permeability; Cell Count; Cytokines; Double-Blind Method; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Histamine Release; Humans; Male; Mast Cells; Muramidase; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Salmeterol Xinafoate; Treatment Outcome

Nerve involvement has been implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic respiratory inflammatory diseases. Peptidergic nerve stimulation has been shown to induce leukocyte activation and plasma extravasation in the airways of various animal species. The occurrence of this phenomenon of neurogenic inflammation in the human airway, however, has not been established.. We conducted this study to determine whether neuronal stimulation can induce reproducible and dose-dependent inflammatory changes in the human upper airway.. Ten volunteers with active allergic rhinitis participated in the study. Capsaicin, the pungent component of hot pepper that specifically stimulates afferent nerve fibers, was administered by means of nasal spray in doses of 1 microg, 10 microg, and 100 microg in a double-blind, randomized, crossover manner with 1 week between doses. Symptom scores before and after capsaicin nasal challenge were recorded by using visual analog scales. Nasal lavage fluids collected before and at 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 4 hours after capsaicin challenge were analyzed for leukocyte counts; albumin and lysozyme levels were measured to evaluate effects on plasma leakage and gland secretion, respectively.. Capsaicin nasal challenge produced symptoms of burning, congestion, and rhinorrhea. Leukocyte counts or albumin and lysozyme levels were not significantly increased after administration of 1 microg of capsaicin at any time point. On the other hand, there were significant increases in leukocyte counts 1 hour (p < 0.05) and 4 hours (p = 0.008) after 10 microg of capsaicin and 30 minutes (p = 0.009), 1 hour (p = 0.007), and 4 hours (p = 0.007) after 100 microg of capsaicin. Albumin and lysozyme levels were both significantly increased 30 minutes after 10 microg and 100 microg of capsaicin (p = 0.005 for both). Comparison of changes in symptom scores, leukocyte counts, and albumin and lysozyme levels among the three capsaicin challenges indicated generally increasing effects with higher capsaicin doses.. Capsaicin-sensitive nerve stimulation in subjects with active allergic rhinitis produces reproducible and dose-dependent leukocyte influx, albumin leakage, and glandular secretion. These results provide in vivo evidence for the occurrence of neurogenic inflammation in the human upper airway with active allergic disease.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Albumins; Asthma; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Capsaicin; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Nasal Mucosa; Nasal Provocation Tests; Neuritis; Respiratory System; Rhinitis

Topics: Albumins; Asthma; Bromhexine; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Gels; Glycoproteins; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Placebos; Proteins; Sputum; Ultracentrifugation

C5a regulates the development of maladaptive immune responses in allergic asthma mainly through the activation of C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1). Yet, the cell types and the mechanisms underlying this regulation are ill-defined. Recently, we described increased C5aR1 expression in lung tissue eosinophils but decreased expression in airway and pulmonary macrophages as well as in pulmonary CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) during the allergic effector phase using a floxed green fluorescent protein (GFP)-C5aR1 knock-in mouse. Here, we determined the role of C5aR1 signaling in neutrophils, moDCs and macrophages for the pulmonary recruitment of such cells and the importance of C5aR1-mediated activation of LysM-expressing cells for the development of allergic asthma. We used LysM-C5aR1 KO mice with a specific deletion of C5aR1 in LysMCre-expressing cells and confirmed the specific deletion of C5aR1 in neutrophils, macrophages and moDCs in the airways and/or the lung tissue. We found that alveolar macrophage numbers were significantly increased in LysM-C5aR1 KO mice. Induction of ovalbumin (OVA)-driven experimental allergic asthma in GFP-C5aR1fl/fl and LysM-C5aR1 KO mice resulted in strong but similar airway resistance, mucus production and Th2/Th17 cytokine production. In contrast, the number of airway but not of pulmonary neutrophils was lower in LysM-C5aR1 KO as compared with GFP-C5aR1fl/fl mice. The recruitment of macrophages, cDCs, moDCs, T cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells was not altered in LysM-C5aR1 KO mice. Our findings demonstrate that C5aR1 is critical for steady state control of alveolar macrophage numbers and the transition of neutrophils from the lung into the airways in OVA-driven allergic asthma. However, C5aR1 activation of LysM-expressing cells plays a surprisingly minor role in the recruitment and activation of such cells and the development of the allergic phenotype in OVA-driven experimental allergic asthma.

Topics: Animals; Asthma; Cells, Cultured; Complement C5a; Dendritic Cells; Eosinophils; Lung; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Ovalbumin; Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a; T-Lymphocytes

We re-examined the observation that γδ T cells, when transferred from mice tolerized to an inhaled conventional Ag, suppress the allergic IgE response to this Ag specifically. Using OVA and hen egg lysozyme in crisscross fashion, we confirmed the Ag-specific IgE-regulatory effect of the γδ T cells. Although only Vγ4(+) γδ T cells are regulators, the Ag specificity does not stem from specificity of their γδ TCRs. Instead, the Vγ4(+) γδ T cells failed to respond to either Ag, but rapidly acquired Ag-specific regulatory function in vivo following i.v. injection of non-T cells derived from the spleen of Ag-tolerized mice. This correlated with their in vivo Ag acquisition from i.v. injected Ag-loaded splenic non-T cells, and in vivo transfer of membrane label provided evidence for direct contact between the injected splenic non-T cells and the Vγ4(+) γδ T cells. Together, our data suggest that Ag itself, when acquired by γδ T cells, directs the specificity of their IgE suppression.

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adoptive Transfer; Aerosols; Animals; Antigens; Asthma; Cell Separation; Female; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Immunoglobulin E; Immunological Synapses; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Muramidase; Ovalbumin; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; Spleen; T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity; T-Lymphocyte Subsets

Bakery workers may develop IgE-mediated allergy to liquid and aerosolized hen's egg proteins that are commonly used in the baking and confectionery industries.. We studied four bakery workers who had work-related allergic respiratory symptoms upon exposure to egg aerosols. The causative role of egg proteins in their respiratory symptoms was investigated by immunologic and specific inhalation challenge (SIC) tests.. Skin prick tests to egg white extract and to lysozyme gave positives responses in all the subjects, to ovalbumin in two, to ovomucoid in one and to egg yolk in two subjects. They were also sensitized to wheat, rye and barley flours. Specific IgE determinations to egg white were positive in all patients, to lysozyme in two, to ovalbumin in three, to ovomucoid in two and to egg yolk in two of them. Methacholine inhalation tests revealed bronchial hyperresponsiveness in all workers (PC20 < 16 mg/ml). SICs were performed with aqueous extracts of lysozyme (n = 4), ovalbumin (n = 2) and ovomucoid (n = 1), which elicited isolated early asthmatic reactions in all subjects. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, oral challenge tests with raw egg white were positive in three subjects.. These bakery workers had developed IgE-mediated occupational asthma to hen's egg white proteins.

Topics: Adult; Allergens; Antibody Specificity; Asthma; Biomarkers; Bronchial Hyperreactivity; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Egg Hypersensitivity; Egg Proteins; Flour; Food Industry; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Inhalation Exposure; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Occupational Exposure; Ovalbumin; Skin Tests

Topics: Adult; alpha-Amylases; Asthma; Conjunctivitis, Allergic; Flour; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Immunization; Male; Muramidase; Occupational Diseases; Rhinitis; Vital Capacity

Large biological variability between subjects has been shown for both acoustic rhinometry and nasal lavage biomarker concentrations, but relatively little is known about the influence of personal factors on these techniques. The aim was to evaluate if nasal symptoms, acoustic rhinometric measurements and nasal lavage fluid biomarkers are related to age, gender, smoking, atopy or asthma. A standardized nasal investigation was applied in 411 white-collar workers, belonging to three occupational groups: school personnel (n = 234), office workers (n = 89) and hospital workers (n = 88). Lavage fluid analysis included determination of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lysozyme and albumin. Females had smaller nasal dimensions in the anterior part of the nose (p < 0.001), and lower lavage fluid concentrations of ECP (p = 0.004), MPO (p = 0.002), and albumin (p = 0.01). Rhinometric dimensions or lavage fluid biomarker concentrations were not related to age, smoking, atopy or asthma. Some differences in rhinometric and biomarker measurements were observed between the occupational groups, and adjustment was made for occupation. Rhinometric measures and lavage biomarkers were consistently interrelated, which suggests a combined mucosal swelling and inflammatory reaction. This indicates a potential usefulness of a combined use of acoustic rhinometry and lavage biomarkers to study nasal mucosal reactions.

Topics: Albumins; Asthma; Biomarkers; Blood Proteins; Eosinophil Granule Proteins; Female; Humans; Male; Muramidase; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nasal Mucosa; Nasal Obstruction; Occupations; Peroxidase; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Ribonucleases; Smoking

The number of decayed, missed and filled permanent teeth (DMFT), the degree of periodontal inflammation (Periodontal Status Index, PSI), stimulated salivary flow rate and the concentrations of total protein, lactoferrin, lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, salivary peroxidase, calcium, potassium, sodium and thiocyanate in whole saliva of 26 adult asthma patients were compared with those of 33 non-asthmatic controls. The saliva was also analysed for mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, total anaerobic flora and Candida spp. The mean PSI (p < 0.05; 95% confidence interval for the difference between means (95% CI) 2.47-25.30) was higher and the mean stimulated salivary flow rate (p < or = 0.05; 95% CI 0.57-0.55) was lower in the asthmatic group than in the control group. No differences were found between the groups in non-immune defense factors, except for myeloperoxidase. The myeloperoxidase concentrations were higher in asthmatics than in non-asthmatics (p < 0.05; 95% CI 4.4-134.0 ng/ml). No differences in microbial counts were found. It was concluded that stimulated salivary flow rates decrease while myeloperoxidase concentrations increase in adult asthmatic patients compared with non-asthmatic adults. The higher concentrations of myeloperoxidase are explained by a higher PSI in asthmatics.

Topics: Adult; Asthma; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Calcium; Candida; Colony Count, Microbial; Confidence Intervals; DMF Index; Female; Humans; Lactobacillus; Lactoferrin; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis; Peroxidase; Peroxidases; Potassium; Saliva; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Secretory Rate; Sodium; Streptococcus mutans; Thiocyanates

Serratial peptidase and lysozyme are often used as anti-inflammatory agents. There have been very few documented cases of occupational allergy caused by these substances. We report a case of a pharmaceutical industry worker who developed occupational asthma and rhinitis caused by both serratial peptidase and lysozyme chloride.. It is important to alert physicians to the possibility of occupational asthma when dealing with workers in the pharmaceutical industry.. The patient had strong positive responses to peptidase and lysozyme extracts on skin-prick tests. Bronchoprovocation tests showed a dual asthmatic response to peptidase and an early asthmatic response to lysozyme. Serum specific IgE antibodies to peptidase and lysozyme were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In order to further characterize the allergenic component of these extracts, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and electroblotting studies were also performed. More than ten components ranging form 7.3 to 83.1 kD were found in peptidase extracts, and two IgE binding components (67, 10.9 kD) were detected within the lysozyme extracts.. These findings suggest that inhalation of peptidase and lysozyme can induce IgE-mediated bronchoconstrictions in an exposed worker.

Topics: Adult; Asthma; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Drug Industry; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Immunoblotting; Immunoglobulin E; Muramidase; Occupational Diseases; Peptide Hydrolases; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial; Serratia; Skin Tests

Topics: Adult; Asthma; Cheese; Humans; Male; Muramidase; Occupational Diseases; Pepsin A

A 26-year-old man employed in a company which manufactured hen egg white derived lysozyme for use in the pharmaceutical industry was evaluated for occupational asthma. The worker began to experience immediate-onset asthmatic symptoms two months after starting to work with egg lysozyme powder. The work process involved the production of approximately 1,000 kg of purified dried lysozyme powder per week. Prick skin testing was positive to egg lysozyme (50 mg/ml) and other egg protein components, but negative to whole egg white and egg yolk reagents. Serum specific IgE to egg lysozyme was documented. Decrements in serial peak expiratory flow rates were associated with lysozyme exposure at work. A specific bronchoprovocation challenge to lysozyme powder was positive demonstrating an isolated immediate asthmatic response (48 percent decrease from baseline FEV1). This is the first reported case of lysozyme-induced asthma specifically caused by inhalational exposure to egg lysozyme.

Topics: Adult; Asthma; Egg White; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Food Handling; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Muramidase; Occupational Diseases; Skin Tests

Children with allergic bronchitis and bronchial asthma underwent exercise therapy and training carried out on a regular basis for 9 to 15 months, which resulted in the disease relief, raised exercise tolerance, and promoted normalization of the local defence factors of the respiratory mucosa.

Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Exercise Therapy; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Muramidase; Nasal Mucosa; Respiration

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Allergens; Asthma; Enzyme Activation; Glucuronidase; Humans; Lysosomes; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Ribonucleases

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Allergens; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Asthma; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Chemotactic Factors; Female; Hot Temperature; Humans; Interleukin-8; Lactoferrin; Macrophages; Male; Monocytes; Muramidase; Neutrophils; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate

To study the salivary response in asthma and periodontitis, calcium and phosphorus concentrations were determined from parotid and whole saliva. The IgE and histamine concentrations and the activities of lysozyme and arginine aminopeptidases were assayed from whole saliva. The values were compared with those obtained from matched healthy controls (n = 20 in each group). In whole saliva the phosphorus concentrations were elevated in the asthma group and the calcium concentrations in the periodontitis group. Regarding parotid saliva no significant differences between the groups were observed. The results indicate that in patients with asthma the IgE concentrations in whole saliva were elevated, while in patients with periodontitis and in healthy controls no detectable values were obtained. Both histamine and lysozyme concentrations seemed to increase in the asthma and periodontitis groups. A slight increase was also observed in the arginine aminopeptidase activities in the saliva of patients with asthma and patients with periodontitis.

Topics: Adult; Aminopeptidases; Asthma; Calcium; Female; Histamine; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontitis; Phosphorus; Saliva

Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Atmosphere Exposure Chambers; Atmospheric Pressure; Child; Child, Preschool; Complement System Proteins; Histamine; Humans; Muramidase

Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Muramidase; Recurrence; Respiratory Hypersensitivity

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Female; Glucuronidase; Humans; Leukocytes; Lysosomes; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Ribonucleases

Topics: Asthma; Granulocytes; Humans; Leukocytes; Muramidase

The concentrations of nine plasma proteins were determined by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis in sputum specimens from 29 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and from 24 patients with severe asthma and chronic bronchitis. The results suggested that the population of CF patients could be divided into two groups in spite of an absence of difference in clinical status between the groups. Average concentrations of seven plasma proteins in sputum of group I CF patients were identical with those in sputum of patients with bronchitis, but the average concentrations of six of these proteins in sputum from group II CF patients were higher than those in specimens from the bronchitic patients and were similar to corresponding concentrations in sputum from patients with asthma, all of whom were examined while in status asthmaticus. The average concentrations of 14 secretory proteins were the same in all sputum specimens whether or not they were produced by patients with cystic fibrosis, asthma or bronchitis. It was concluded that the concentrations in the bronchopulmonary secretions of proteins associated with host defence were not diminished in patients with cystic fibrosis, and failure to produce adequate concentrations of proteins with antimicrobial activity was unlikely to be responsible for the above average susceptibility to chest infection in cystic fibrosis. It is suggested that there exists a group of CF patients in whom a pulmonary allergic reaction generates an inflammatory response as severe as that characterizing status asthmaticus and that this response could be detrimental.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Albumins; Asthma; Beta-Globulins; Blood Proteins; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Cystic Fibrosis; Female; Glycoproteins; Haptoglobins; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Lactoferrin; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Sputum; Transferrin

Topics: Asthma; Fibrinogen; Humans; Mucoproteins; Muramidase; Vitamin A

Topics: Acetylcholine; Adult; Asthma; Epinephrine; Heparin; Histamine; Humans; Micrococcus; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Saliva; Serotonin

Topics: Agar; Allergens; Asthma; Chromatography; Chymotrypsin; Dermatitis, Atopic; Egg White; Electrophoresis; Gels; Glycoproteins; Hexosamines; Hexoses; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunochemistry; Immunoelectrophoresis; Muramidase; Neuraminic Acids; Ovalbumin; Proteins; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Skin Tests; Starch; Trypsin; Trypsin Inhibitors

Topics: Adult; Aged; Asthma; Blood Proteins; Bronchitis; Carbohydrates; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Electrophoresis; Female; Globulins; Glycoproteins; Haptoglobins; Heart Failure; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Lung Diseases; Macroglobulins; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Sputum; Transferrin; Trypsin Inhibitors; Ultracentrifugation

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Asthma; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Leukemia; Liver Diseases; Male; Muramidase; Nephrotic Syndrome; Sex Factors

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Asthma; Humans; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Saliva

Topics: Adenoids; Adolescent; Anabolic Agents; Asthma; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Humans; Immune Sera; Inflammation; Muramidase; Pneumonia; Saliva; Skin Tests; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Asthma; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Saliva

Topics: Agammaglobulinemia; Asthma; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Cystic Fibrosis; Humans; Marfan Syndrome; Muramidase

Topics: Asthma; Bronchitis; Chlorides; Chronic Disease; Electrophoresis; Glycoproteins; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoelectrophoresis; Molecular Weight; Muramidase; Phosphates; Potassium; Sodium; Sputum