mobiflex and Inflammation

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Exudates and Transudates; Half-Life; Humans; Ibuprofen; Inflammation; Models, Biological; Piroxicam; Synovial Fluid

This study tested the hypothesis that adding tenoxicam (T) to intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) with morphine (M) would improve postoperative pain relief and wound inflammatory responses compared with M alone after spine surgery.. Randomized, prospective, double-blind, controlled study.. Ninety-four patients eligible for elective spine surgery.. Teaching hospital.. Patients were randomized to one of three groups: the M group (PCA regimen with M), the TM group (PCA regimen with T and M), or the T+TM group (20 mg T administered 30 minutes before wound closure in addition to the TM regimen). The primary end point was the numeric rating scale score for pain intensity, and secondary end points pertaining to postoperative pain management included M consumption, PCA demand/delivery, use of rescue analgesics, adverse events, and levels of inflammatory mediators in wound drainages.. PCA demand was reduced in both the TM and T+TM groups compared with the M group (both P ≤ 0.001). The incidence of skin itching was significantly reduced in the T+TM group compared with the other groups (both P ≤ 0.05). PGE2 and interleukin-6 levels in wound drainages were reduced in the TM and T+TM groups compared with the M group (both P ≤ 0.001).. The combination of T and M for IV-PCA was not more efficacious than IV-PCA with M alone in reducing postoperative pain after spine surgery but reduced PCA demand and suppressed local inflammation at the surgical site. Administration of T before wound closure may ameliorate IV-PCA M-induced skin itching.

Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Comorbidity; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Piroxicam; Prevalence; Risk Assessment; Self Administration; Spinal Fusion; Taiwan; Treatment Outcome

A randomized double-blind trial with tenoxicam 10 mg/d and 20 mg/d and placebo was carried out for 2 weeks in 90 patients suffering from various extra-articular inflammatory conditions. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in favour of tenoxicam as regards improvement of all parameters with an intensity which was moderate or severe at baseline, e.g. tenderness, mobility pain, functional limitation. The efficacy of tenoxicam at both dosages was similar (no statistically significant difference). Tenoxicam was well tolerated but some mild adverse reactions were observed in all three treatment groups.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Middle Aged; Movement; Pain; Periarthritis; Piroxicam; Random Allocation; Rheumatic Diseases; Tendinopathy; Tennis Elbow; Thiazines

Tenoxicam is a thienothiazine derivative with anti-inflammatory properties. Due to its long half-life (40-90 hours) the drug can be administered once daily. One-hundred patients with tendinitis or bursitis were allocated in a double-blind study comparing 20 mg of tenoxicam to 20 mg of piroxicam. Both drugs were administered once daily for a period of 15 days. Clinical evaluations were performed before, on the third and seventh days of therapy and after treatment. The parameters evaluated were: spontaneous pain, tenderness, pain on movement, swelling and functional limitation. Laboratory examinations were performed prior to and at the end of the therapy. Efficacy was considered excellent or good in 42 patients of each group, moderate in six treated with tenoxicam and in four with piroxicam and poor in two with tenoxicam and four with piroxicam. Statistical evaluation was based on the Wilcoxon and U-test. No significant differences were observed between the groups. Nausea of mild intensity occurred in four cases of the tenoxicam group and in one of the piroxicam group.

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bursitis; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Inflammation; Piroxicam; Tendinopathy

Entamoeba histolityca produces the monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor (MLIF), a pentapeptide with powerful anti-inflammatory properties. MLIF may regulate trauma-induced inflammation through the effects it exerts directly or indirectly on immune cells, modulating the production and/or expression of the cytokines involved in the inflammatory processes that occur after damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of MLIF on production of pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines after contusion in the rat tibia. Fifty-four Wistar rats were subjected to controlled contusion with a special guillotine-type device, and 36 rats were injected with MLIF or tenoxicam into the tibia. Eighteen animals received saline; the animals were sacrificed 24 or 48 hours after injection. Cytokine mRNA and protein production were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence, and hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to visualize cellular infiltration in the rats' injured tissue. Expression levels of the cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) mRNA were inhibited significantly by MLIF at 24 hours post-contusion. MLIF significantly increased the expression levels of IL-10 at 24 hours compared with tenoxicam or the control group. These changes were associated with a significant decrease in protein production levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and TGF-β at 24 hours. Histological evaluation showed the presence of infiltration by neutrophils, monocytes and leucocytes in control tissues. This infiltration was decreased after MLIF administration, and intense infiltration was observed in tenoxicam-treated group. MLIF inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Contusions; Cytokines; Inflammation; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Male; Oligopeptides; Piroxicam; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Tibia; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

This study investigates potentials of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN)-based gel for transdermal delivery of tenoxicam (TNX) and describes a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling approach for predicting concentration-time profile in skin. A 2

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Inflammation; Lipids; Male; Nanogels; Nanoparticles; Particle Size; Permeability; Piroxicam; Polyethylene Glycols; Polyethyleneimine; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Skin; Skin Absorption

Esophageal stricture, one of the important complications of corrosive esophagus, develops following edema and granulation tissue that forms during and after the inflammatory reactions. Tenoxicam, a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug with a long half-life, prevents various leukocyte functions including phagocyte and histamine secretion by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and removes various oxygen radicals in the region of inflammation. We designed this as a histopathological study using tenoxicam in rats for which we created a corrosive esophagus model. After necessary authorizations were obtained, the study was performed in Çanakkale 18 Mart University experimental animal laboratory. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats, weighing 220-240 g, were used for the experiment. Experimental animals were randomized into three groups: tenoxicam group (group T, n:8), control group (group C, n:8), and sham group (group S, n:8). Tenoxicam 0.5 mg/kg/day was administered to animals in group T, where esophageal burn was developed experimentally, 5 mg/kg 0.9% NaCL was administered i.p. to rats in group C for 15 days, once in 24 hours. No procedure was applied to rats in group S. After 15 days, all animals were sacrificed under general anesthesia and their esophagi were extracted. As a result of histopathological evaluation, inflammation and fibroblast proliferation was not observed in rats in the sham group (group S). Intense inflammation was observed in six rats (6+/2-) in the control group, and fibroblast proliferation was observed as 5+/3-. And in treatment groups, inflammation was evaluated as 3+/5-, and fibroblast proliferation as 3+/5-. In our study, histopathologic damage score was higher in the control group (P < 0.005). We deduce that tenoxicam can be useful in the treatment of caustic esophageal injuries in the acute phase, but think that these drugs require further researches and clinical studies before routine clinical use.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Burns, Chemical; Caustics; Cell Proliferation; Esophageal Stenosis; Esophagitis; Esophagus; Fibroblasts; Inflammation; Models, Animal; Piroxicam; Rats; Rats, Wistar

Aim was to investigate the effect of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam on the protection of damage of the nerve physiomorphology caused by prolene mesh used in hernia repair.. Fifty male Wistar-albino rats weighing 250-350 gr, were randomly divided into 5 groups. Sciatic nerve was dissected in all rats after performing EMG on basal neural transport. In group 1, only sciatic nerve manipulation was performed. Other groups received a monofilament polypropylene cuff around the sciatic nerve. No additional procedure was performed in group 2. In group 3, 2 mg/kg single dose methylprednisolone was injected around the nerve and mesh. In group 4 and 5, 0.5 mg/kg/day methylprednisolone and 1 mg/kg tenoxicam was injected around the nerve and mesh for 4 weeks, respectively. Neural transport was evaluated by electromyography 4 weeks later and compared with pre-procedural values. Then the rats were sacrificed and, sciatic nerves including 1 cm around the mesh were excised. Inflammation and fibrosis were scored histopathologically.. While basal latency was similar, postoperative latency was significantly different among groups. Latency was significantly longer in group 2 than the group 1. It was significantly shorter in group 3 when compared to group 2 (p = 0.007). Preoperative and postoperative amplitudes were similar among groups. Denervation was significantly different among groups (p < 0.05). Denervation was higher in group 2 than group 1. It was similar to group 2 in study groups. Inflammation and fibrosis was significantly different among groups (p < 0.05). Inflammation and fibrosis scores were significantly higher in group 2 than group 1. The highest inflammation and fibrosis scores were detected in repetitive drug administrated groups. Although it wasn't statistically significant, inflammation was lower in single dose steroid administrated group than group 2. Similarly, the highest fibrosis scores were detected in repetitive drug administrated groups. Single dose steroid administration didn't increase fibrosis when compared to group 2.. Prolene mesh used in hernia repair caused increased inflammation and fibrosis and effected latency and denervation negatively. Single dose methylprednisolone administration decreased nerve damage and inflammation. On the other hand, daily administration of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam for 4 weeks caused increased inflammation and fibrosis and wasn't affective on protection of nerve physiomorphology.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Electromyography; Fibrosis; Hernia, Inguinal; Inflammation; Male; Methylprednisolone; Piroxicam; Polypropylenes; Random Allocation; Rats, Wistar; Sciatic Nerve; Surgical Mesh

This protocol describes microsphere-based protease assays for use in flow cytometry and high-throughput screening. This platform measures a loss of fluorescence from the surface of a microsphere due to the cleavage of an attached fluorescent protease substrate by a suitable protease enzyme. The assay format can be adapted to any site or protein-specific protease of interest and results can be measured in both real time and as endpoint fluorescence assays on a flow cytometer. Endpoint assays are easily adapted to microplate format for flow cytometry high-throughput analysis and inhibitor screening.

Topics: Animals; Biotinylation; Flow Cytometry; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; Green Fluorescent Proteins; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Humans; Inflammation; Kinetics; Microspheres; Peptide Hydrolases; Peptides; Reproducibility of Results; Temperature