mitolactol and Lung-Neoplasms

To evaluate a combination of thioguanine, procarbazine, dibromodulcitol, CCNU (CCNU), fluorouracil, and hydroxyurea (TPDC-FuHu), designed to improve the efficacy of CCNU, in the treatment of recurrent metastatic brain tumors.. One hundred fifteen patients with progressive or recurrent metastatic brain tumors that failed to respond to surgery and/or radiation therapy were enrolled onto a multicenter prospective study between 1989 and 1995. Patients received TPDC-FuHu in a repeated cycle every 6 weeks until recurrence or until they completed six courses.. Ninety-seven patients were assessable at the end of the study. Forty-eight had lung cancer (39 non-small-cell [NSCLC] and nine small-cell [SCLC]), 28 had breast cancer, nine had melanoma, and 12 had adenocarcinoma of different origins (three colon, two kidney, one bladder, one stomach, and five of unknown origin). The response and stable disease (SD) rate (overall response rate) was 52%, 66%, 60%, and 22% in patients with NSCLC, SCLC, breast cancer, and melanoma, respectively. Median time to progression (MTP) was 12, 26, 12, and 6 weeks, respectively, for the four groups. Side effects were mild to moderate in the majority of patients. Severe myelosuppression (grade 4) occurred in only 11% of the patients.. TPDC-FuHu chemotherapy is an active treatment against recurrent brain metastases from breast cancer and SCLC, and to a lesser extent from NSCLC. This regimen is well tolerated and has acceptable toxicity.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Brain Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Disease Progression; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Hydroxyurea; Lomustine; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Procarbazine; Prospective Studies; Thioguanine

A phase III study was designed comparing the effectiveness of Hexamethyl-melamine (NSC 13875) to Dibromodulcitol (NSC 104800) in lung carcinoma. 250 of the 316 patients entered on the study were stratified into groups according to stage of disease and cell type. The results showsed Hexamethylmelamine to be more effective in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and slightly superior to Dibromodulcitol in patients with anaplastic/undifferentiated cell carcinoma, whereas Dibromodulcitol proved to be more effective in patients with adenocarcinoma.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Altretamine; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Leukopenia; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Nausea; Thrombocytopenia; Triazines; Vomiting

The patient was a 48-year-old male with a right subclavicular tumor. The pathological diagnosis showed primitive neuroectodermal tumor(PNET)because of the rosette formation and the positive neurogenic marker.Radiation was administered at a total dose of 50 Gy, because surgical resection would induce the loss of right arm function. CT examination demonstrated a reduction of the primary tumor and new multiple lung metastases. The patient received intravenous AI regimen(ADM and IFM). After the 7th course, both the primary tumor and multiple lung metastases decreased. AI regimen might be effective for PNET.

Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biopsy, Needle; Boronic Acids; Bortezomib; Doxorubicin; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Melphalan; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Mitomycins; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive; Pyrazines; Salvage Therapy; Suicide; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A novel anthracycline antibiotic, siwenmycin, isolated from the culture of Streptomyces galilaeus var. siwenesis, was examined for its antitumor activities against P388, K562, B16-F10, HeLa, HEp-2 and Lewis lung carcinoma cell lines. The results showed that siwenmycin was effective against P388, K562, HeLa and HEp-2 tumor cell lines in vitro, and significantly inhibited the growth of the Lewis lung carcinoma cell line in vivo. Siwenmycin could also suppress spontaneous and artificial pulmonary metastases of B16-F10 and Lewis lung carcinoma cell lines in C57BL/6 mice. The inhibitory effect of siwenmycin on spontaneous pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6 mice was even stronger than that of adriamycin (ADM), which is, at present, commonly used in clinical practice. Furthermore, the double-labeling test used in this study has verified that siwenmycin can inhibit cellular RNA synthesis at about one tenth the concentration required to inhibit DNA synthesis to the same degree, indicating that the antitumor mechanism of siwenmycin also differs from that of ADM. The acute toxicity of siwenmycin was very low, and it was as effective in vivo as in vitro, suggesting that this newly found antibiotic should be studied for possible clinical antitumor applications.

Topics: Aclarubicin; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; DNA, Neoplasm; Doxorubicin; HeLa Cells; Humans; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Lung Neoplasms; Melanoma, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mitolactol; Mitomycins; Neoplasm Metastasis; RNA, Neoplasm; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mitolactol

Antitumor activity has been documented in this pilot study utilizing mitolactol in patients with advanced carcinoma of the cervix. These results may in part be explained by optimal patient selection; however, the results do encourage further testing of this hexitol in this disease.

Topics: Adult; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Time Factors; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Hemangiopericytoma is an uncommon sarcoma arising from the pericapillary cells. While the rarity of this lesion precludes randomized investigation, metastatic hemangiopericytoma has been noted to respond to a variety of agents, including vincristine, adriamycin, actinomycin, and high-dose methotrexate. We wish to report an unusual case of this disease which failed to respond to the above but then exhibited a marked response to dibromodulcitol. In light of the unusual nature of this response, we would like to suggest a controlled trial of the use of dibromodulcitol in patients with this rare tumor.

Topics: Aged; Female; Hemangiopericytoma; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Mitolactol; Neoplasm Metastasis; Thigh

Topics: Aged; Biotransformation; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Maxillary Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Mitolactol

Co-operative investigation of clinical therapy for cancer is used to test hypotheses developed in single institutions and in animal research laboratories. The present studies in a large co-operative organization, the Central Oncology Group, are being conducted in seven major solid tumors in adults; in these studies patients with a poor surgical prognosis are being treated with preoperative or postoperative chemotherapy, preoperative radiotion therapy of these modalities. Results of studies currently underway or recently completed in 1,278 patients are summarized. In most instances, the research has demonstrated little or no apparent improvement in the disease free interval or the survival time from adjuvant therapy, although only on of the studies has been completed and fully evaluated thus far. In carcinoma of the colon and rectum and melanoma, mild toxicity from drug therapy has been associated with statistically significant improvement in survival times. These studies have produced base line information on disease free intervals, time to progression and survival time in patients with cancer who are seen in the participating institutions. These observations are expected to useful in the planning of future adjuvant studies.

Topics: Adult; Altretamine; Antineoplastic Agents; Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Carmustine; Colonic Neoplasms; Cyclophosphamide; Dacarbazine; Doxorubicin; Drug Evaluation; Female; Fluorouracil; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lomustine; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Melanoma; Mitolactol; Neoplasms; Osteosarcoma; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Rectal Neoplasms; Vincristine

Adriamycin is a new anticancer antibiotic with a wide spectrum of activity against solid tumours. The results obtained with this agent in 159 patients with histologically confirmed advanced metastastic malignancies are reported. Encouraging results were obtained in patients with sarcomas of bone and soft tissue (12/22). Response was also seen in mesothelioma (3/9) and lung cancer (5/15). A variety of other neoplasms was also treated and results obtained in neuroblastoma, testicular tumours, stomach carcinoma, breast cancer and nephroblastoma are reported. Treatment is discussed, with reference to response rates and toxicity. Results in 72 patients with advanced breast cancer, who received adriamycin in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, are presented. Seventeen patients with primary liver cancer were also treated with adriamycin. To date, this is the only chemotherapeutic agent that appears to significantly improve survival times in patients with this resistant form of cancer. The prophylactic use of adriamycin against osteogenic sarcoma is also discussed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Doxorubicin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Infant; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Mesothelioma; Middle Aged; Mitolactol; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Pleural Neoplasms; Sarcoma

In studies on a model of induced pulmonary metastasis in mice a tumour host system was analysed which was not affected by immunogenicity of the tumour for the host; neither intensive immunosuppression nor immunization caused a significant change in the quantity of pulmonary metastatic nodules. In contrast the application of cytostatic drugs and of Corynebacterium parvum could modify the pulmonary resistance to the formation of tumour nodules by a factor greater than 100 in either direction. This finding confirms the observation of others that major modification of the resistance to metastatic tumour formation can occur independently of classical immunological mechanisms. Special attention is drawn to the fact that cyclophosphamide enhances the formation of metastatic nodules in this model by factors of 100 to more than 1,000 whereas other cytostatic drugs including the cyclophosphamide congeners iphosphamide and trophosphamide are active only factors between 2 and 12. The possible practical significance of these findings is discussed.

Topics: Alkylating Agents; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Busulfan; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Globulins; Horses; Immunosuppression Therapy; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Lymph Nodes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mitolactol; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Transplantation; Nitrogen Mustard Compounds; Osteosarcoma; Propionibacterium acnes; Radiation Effects; Sarcoma, Experimental