minocycline and Typhoid-Fever

Topics: Aminoglycosides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Bacterial Infections; Bacteroides Infections; Cephalosporins; Drug Hypersensitivity; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Meningococcal Infections; Minocycline; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Streptococcal Infections; Typhoid Fever

Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella spp. is of grave concern, more so in quinolone-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates that cause complicated infections. The MIC of azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, cefixime, cefepime, ceftriaxone, gatifloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem and ofloxacin (E-test strip) and tigecycline and faropenem (agar dilution) against 210 Salmonella spp. was determined. MIC(90) (defined as the antimicrobial concentration that inhibited growth of 90 % of the strains) of the carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem) for Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A was 0.064 microg ml(-1). MIC(90) of faropenem was 0.25 microg ml(-1) for S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A and Salmonella Typhimurium. The MIC(90) of azithromycin for all Salmonella spp. ranged from 8 to 16 microg ml(-1). Tigecycline showed an MIC(90) of 2 microg ml(-1) for S. Typhi, 1 microg ml(-1) for S. Paratyphi A and 4 microg ml(-1) for S. Typhimurium. We concluded that tigecycline and the carbapenems are likely to have roles in the final stage of treatment of quinolone-resistant and ESBL-producing multidrug-resistant salmonellae.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Carbapenems; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Minocycline; Quinolones; Salmonella; Salmonella Infections; Tigecycline; Typhoid Fever