minocycline and Sinusitis

Chronic rhinosinusitis encompasses a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses of at least 12 weeks' duration. In addition to nasal obstruction and discharge, chronic sinusitis is a common cause of olfactory dysfunction. Smell loss can result in problems including safety concerns, hygiene matters, appetite disorders, and changes in emotional and sexual behavior. Although smell loss related to sinonasal disease is probably the most treatable form of olfactory dysfunction and treatment can improve olfactory sensation in the setting of sinusitis, most studies show that the effects are usually transient and incomplete.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biopsy; Chronic Disease; Humans; Minocycline; Olfaction Disorders; Olfactory Mucosa; Olfactory Receptor Neurons; Sinusitis

The efficacy and safety of minocycline were compared with that of amoxicillin in the treatment of 58 patients with acute bacterial sinusitis. The most frequently isolated pathogens were streptococci, staphylococci, and Haemophilus influenzae. After therapy for a mean time of 11 days, clinical cure or improvement and bacterial eradication were evident in 100% of the patients treated with minocycline and in 95% of the patients treated with amoxicillin. Roentgenographic results indicated clearing or improvement in 91% of the minocycline recipients and in 70% of those who received amoxicillin. These differences between treatments were not statistically significant. A low incidence of generally mild adverse clinical experiences occurred in both treatment groups. Thus, minocycline and amoxicillin were equally safe and effective in the treatment of these patients with acute bacterial sinusitis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amoxicillin; Bacterial Infections; Child; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Radiography; Random Allocation; Sinusitis; Skin Diseases; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus; Tetracyclines

A 9-year-old spayed female cat was examined for cheek skin drainage. The skin lesion did not respond to medical therapy; thereafter, facial deformity developed. A computed tomography revealed an intranasal mass and maxillary osteolysis. The mass was histopathologically diagnosed as suppurative granulomatous inflammation caused by filamentous bacteria. The lesion responded well to radiation therapy. Although actinomycosis was suspected histopathologically, no actinomycetes were detected in the nasal lesion by a bacterial culture conducted at a commercial laboratory. The submandibular lymph node and subcutaneous tissue exhibited swelling. Microbiological examination and genetic analysis based on 16S rDNA gene sequence revealed that Nocardia spp. were isolated from both lesions.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Minocycline; Nocardia; Nocardia Infections; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Suppuration; X-Ray Therapy

To investigate the protective effects of minocycline against apoptosis of olfactory sensory neurons induced by sinusitis.. Sixty adult SD rats were divided randomly into three groups: control group (group A), sinusitis group (group B) and intravenous injection of minocycline group (group C). The rats were sacrificed at 1,3,5 d and 7 d after surgery, and then the tissue sections of olfactory epithelium were stained and evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry method.. The histopathological changes in maxillary sinus epithelium tissues observed with he staining microscopic examination in group B and C were worse than that in group A. Significant difference of the thickness of olfactory epithelium and Caspase-3 activity was demonstrated in group B and group C.. The result demonstrated that minocycline could inhibit expression of Caspase-3 in rats with sinusitis.

Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Minocycline; Olfactory Mucosa; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sensory Receptor Cells; Sinusitis

Topics: Aged; Antidepressive Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Clomipramine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Minocycline; Sinusitis; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Amoxicillin; Bacterial Infections; Child, Preschool; Humans; Minocycline; Sinusitis

The mean minocycline content of sinus secretions aspirated during antral wash-out in 8 patients sinusitis was found to be 1.06 mug. per ml. (SD.1.03). This exceeds the M.I.C. for most strains of bacteria likely to be found in sinusitis. The mean minocycline serum level in these 8 patients was 3.16 mug. per ml. (S.D. 1.64). The sinus secretion to serum level ratio was therefore 0.34:1. No correlation was found between serum level and sinus secretion level, nor could any of the factors looked at in this study be correlated with the degree to which minocycline penetrated the sinus secretion.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Sinusitis; Tetracyclines