minocycline and Sexually-Transmitted-Diseases

Minocycline belongs to the second generation class of cyclines. It was synthesized in 1967 and marketed in 1972. Minocycline has an antiinfectious activity with a spectrum similar to that of other cyclines, notably against Chlamydias, Treonema and Proprionibacterium acenes. The antiinflammatory activity is associated with this antiinfectious action is greater than that of first generation cyclines with specifically a modulator effect on epidermal cytokines. The pharmokinetics of minocycline is characterized by an excellent absorption, a long half-life and an important lipophilic property inducing good tissue distribution. Clinical trials of minocycline have mainly been performed in sexually transmissible diseases and in acne, a field where randomized studies are the most frequent. These trials show that the effect of minocycline is not stronger than first generation cyclines or doxycycline, but that the action is quicker than that of tetracycline at the dose of 500 mg a day. Minocycline is also efficient in nocardiasis, mycobacteriosis, leprosy, Lyme disease, pyoderma gangrenosum, autoimmune bullous dermatitis, Carteaud disease, and prurigo. However, the effect of minocycline in these different conditions has always been evaluated in open trials with a small number of patients. The usual side effects of cyclines, i.e. digestive problems, fungal infections, are less frequent than with first generation cyclines. No photosensitivity has been demonstrated although pigmentations have been described. Dizziness is a specific side effect of minocycline. Furthermore, rare but severe side effects have been reported, including hypersensitivity syndrome, autoimmune hepatitis, and lupus. Regular indications for minocycline in dermatology are acne and three sexually transmissible diseases (mycoplasm, chlamydia, treponema). Proposed dosage is 100 mg per day in sexually transmissible disease with a reduction to 50 mg per day after 15 days in acne.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Autoimmune Diseases; Cytokines; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Leprosy; Lyme Disease; Minocycline; Mycobacterium Infections; Nocardia Infections; Prurigo; Pyoderma Gangrenosum; Research Design; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Chlamydia Infections; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Homosexuality; Humans; Infertility, Male; Lymphogranuloma Venereum; Male; Minocycline; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Tetracyclines; Urethritis; Uterine Cervicitis

We reviewed 497 patients with male urethritis diagnosed between January, 1986 and March, 1989 at the Asama General Hospital. The incidence of gonococcal urethritis (GU) was 47.7%, and that of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) 52.3%. There was no difference in the age distribution between GU and NGU. Prostitutes were the most common source of the infection in both GU and NGU. Incubation periods were longer in NGU than in GU, statistically. Urethral discharge was the most common symptom. Purulent urethral discharge was seen more commonly than serous urethral discharge in GU. On the contrary, serous urethral discharge was more common in NGU. Penicillin-resistant gonococcus comprised 29.4% and mixed infection of the C. trachomatis existed 25.6% in GU. C. trachomatis was detected in 71.8% in NGU. In GU, new quinolones and penicillins were administered frequently. The effective rates 1 week after the administration were 80.6% and 83.3%, respectively. In NGU, new quinolones and minocycline were administered frequently. The effective rates were 70.4% and 85.3%, respectively. Ofloxacin (OFLX) showed the highest effective rate to NGU among the four new quinolones. The relapse rate for the two-week administration group was lower than that for the one-week-administration group, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Gonorrhea; Humans; Japan; Lymphogranuloma Venereum; Male; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Ofloxacin; Penicillins; Quinolones; Retrospective Studies; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Urethritis

Topics: Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Female; Humans; Male; Minocycline; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Tetracycline; Urethritis

Minocycline is a semi-synthetic tetracycline derivative which is well absorbed and distributed in body tissues and is suitable for twice daily administration. It appears to be as generally effective as other tetracyclines and analogues, but also to be effective in infections due to tetracycline-resistant staphylococci. Side-effects are typical of those of other tetracyclines, but minocycline has been associated with a high incidence of vertigo in some studies. On the other hand, minocycline appears to have little or no photosensitising potential. It is not yet clear whether minocycline can be safely used in patients with moderate or severe impairment of renal function, but if used in renal failure, the plasma urea concentration should be monitored.

Topics: Bacteria; Candida; Cholera; Humans; Malaria; Meningococcal Infections; Minocycline; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Tetracyclines; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefazolin; Cephalosporins; Cephapirin; Cephradine; Clindamycin; Drug Combinations; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Minocycline; Penicillins; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sulfamethoxazole; Tobramycin; Trimethoprim; Urinary Tract Infections