minocycline and Respiratory-Distress-Syndrome

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious intensive care condition. Despite advances in treatment over the previous few decades, ARDS patients still have high fatality rates. Thus, more research is needed to improve the outcomes for people with ARDS. Minocycline is an antibiotic with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. In the current investigation, the therapeutic effects of minocycline on oleic acid-induced ARDS were evaluated. Male rats were classified into 6 groups, 1. control (normal saline), 2. oleic acid (100 µL, i.v.), 3-5. oleic acid + minocycline (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, i.p.), and 6. minocycline (200 mg/kg, i.p.) alone. Twenty-four hours after the oleic acid injection, the lung tissue is isolated, weighed, and the middle part of the right lung is immediately placed in the freezer, while the middle part of the left lung is placed in formalin and sent to the laboratory for pathology testing. Then, the amounts of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), cytokines (interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X (Bax), and cleaved caspase-3 were determined in lung tissue. Administration of oleic acid increased emphysema, inflammation, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, MDA amount, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cleaved caspase-3, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and decreased GSH, SOD, and CAT levels in comparison with the control group. The administration of minocycline could significantly reduce pathological and biochemical alterations induced by oleic acid. Minocycline has a therapeutic effect on oleic acid-induced ARDS through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Caspase 3; Humans; Male; Minocycline; Oleic Acid; Rats; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Superoxide Dismutase; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Lung involvement is rarely observed in the DRESS syndrome (Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms). We report here a severe minocycline induced hypersensitivity syndrome with initial respiratory distress.. A 19 year old man was admitted to the intensive care unit for acute respiratory distress with fever (400C), lymph node enlargement, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and eosinophilia (1640/mm3). Bilateral alveolar opacities were observed on the chest x-ray. Sedation and mechanical ventilation rapidly became necessary because of severe hypoxaemia (47 mm Hg) and the sudden onset of severe aggressive behaviour. The diagnosis of DRESS was immediately suspected as the patient had been treated for acne with minocycline for 28 days, and IV corticosteroids (2 mmg/kg/day) were initiated. Skin lesions were delayed and appeared 3 days later. The outcome was uncertain for the following 6 weeks with serious disturbance of hepatic and renal function. Serology for human herpes virus (HHV6) was initially negative but became positive. One year later, after progressive withdrawal of corticosteroid therapy, the patient had made a complete recovery with no sequelae.. The DRESS syndrome can cause considerable morbidity with multiple, severe visceral functional disturbances. Respiratory physicians should be aware of this syndrome as lung involvement can be serious and may precede cutaneous symptoms.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Eruptions; Eosinophilia; Hepatomegaly; Humans; Hypoxia; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Minocycline; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Splenomegaly; Syndrome

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Critical Care; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Humans; Lymphocyte Activation; Minocycline; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; T-Lymphocytes

A 74-year-old Japanese man with scrub typhus presented without the typical symptom of high fever and subsequently developed the complication of acute respiratory distress syndrome. It was suspected that exposure occurred at the river side of Kinugawa, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. His body temperature was below 38.0 degrees C. After intensive supportive care and minocycline therapy, he dramatically recovered. With the increase in popularity of outdoor recreation, scrub typhus can be found in clinics all over Japan. Physicians should therefore be aware of the manifestations of the disease and the necessity of early treatment in suspected cases.

Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Body Temperature; Humans; Male; Minocycline; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Scrub Typhus

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fever; Hemoptysis; Hemorrhage; Humans; Kidney; Leg; Leptospirosis; Liver; Lung Diseases; Male; Minocycline; Muscle, Skeletal; Pain; Radiography, Thoracic; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; gamma-Globulins; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Psittacosis; Respiratory Distress Syndrome