midazolam and Aura
midazolam has been researched along with Aura in 89 studies
Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.
midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.
Research Excerpts
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Midazolam nasal spray (MDZ-NS) is indicated for acute treatment of intermittent, stereotypic episodes of frequent seizure activity (ie, seizure clusters, acute repetitive seizures) that are distinct from a patient's usual seizure pattern, in patients 12 years of age and older with epilepsy." | 9.34 | Safety and efficacy of midazolam nasal spray for the treatment of intermittent bouts of increased seizure activity in the epilepsy monitoring unit: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. ( Choi, EJ; Cleveland, JM; King, A; Meng, TC; Pullman, WE; Sequeira, DJ; Sinha, SR; Spencer, DC; Van Ess, PJ; Wheless, JW, 2020) |
| "To compare intranasal midazolam, using a Mucosal Atomization Device (IN-MMAD), with rectal diazepam (RD) for the home treatment of seizures in children with epilepsy." | 9.14 | Intranasal midazolam vs rectal diazepam for the home treatment of acute seizures in pediatric patients with epilepsy. ( Adelgais, K; Dudley, N; Filloux, F; Firth, S; Greenberg, R; Healy, A; Holsti, M; Olsen, C; Schunk, J, 2010) |
| "The aim of this study was to determine whether intranasal midazolam is a safe and effective rescue medication in adolescent and adult patients with severe epilepsy." | 9.09 | Is intranasal midazolam an effective rescue medication in adolescents and adults with severe epilepsy? ( Clarke, M; Comish, S; Ibitoye, M; Scheepers, B; Scheepers, M, 2000) |
| " Severity of seizures were quantified for an hour and treated with midazolam (3 mg/kg, i." | 8.31 | Disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W) in mixed-sex cohorts of a rat soman (GD) model of epilepsy. ( Almanza, A; Bryant, E; Carlo, AM; Corson, BE; Gage, M; Kharate, M; Mafuta, C; Massey, N; Meyer, C; Ostrander, M; Rao, NS; Samidurai, M; Showman, L; Thippeswamy, T; Trevino, L; Vasanthi, SS; Wachter, L; Wang, C; Wohlgemuth, M, 2023) |
| "Kaila, Löscher, and colleagues report that phenobarbital (PHB) and midazolam (MDZ) attenuate neonatal seizures following birth asphyxia, but the former only when applied before asphyxia and the latter before or after the triggering insult." | 8.02 | Phenobarbital, midazolam, bumetanide, and neonatal seizures: The devil is in the details. ( Ben-Ari, Y; Delpire, E, 2021) |
| "Provide standards for basic epilepsy education and rescue medication (Midazolam) administration." | 8.02 | UK framework for basic epilepsy training and oromucosal midazolam administration. ( Bagary, M; Chisanga, E; Jory, C; Shankar, R; Tittensor, P; Tittensor, S, 2021) |
| "Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate (OMM) with suitable training to family and carers is being increasingly recognized as the treatment of choice to mitigate the development of status epilepticus in non-hospital community settings." | 8.02 | Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate: Use and effectiveness in adults with epilepsy in the UK. ( Boyle, A; Goodwin, M; Grant, A; Higgins, R; Hudson, S; Pearson, J; Reuber, M; Shankar, R; Storer, A; Toland, J, 2021) |
| "The objective of the study was to compare the performance of intravenous (IV) lorazepam (IVL) and intranasal midazolam (INM) for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in adults admitted to the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) in whom seizures were captured on continuous video-electroencephalogram." | 7.91 | Comparison of intranasal midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in the adult epilepsy monitoring unit. ( Bautista, C; Cotugno, S; Deng, Y; Dhakar, MB; Farooque, P; Hirsch, LJ; Maciel, CB; McKimmy, D; Owusu, KA; Sukumar, N, 2019) |
| " To quantify effects of a loading dose of midazolam and lidocaine on the EEG frequency spectrum of full-term neonates with perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS), 11 full-term infants underwent multi-channel amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) and EEG recordings." | 7.78 | Effects of midazolam and lidocaine on spectral properties of the EEG in full-term neonates with stroke. ( Andriessen, P; Dankers, F; de Vries, L; Janssen, F; Jennekens, W; Niemarkt, H; Toet, M; van der Aa, N; van Pul, C, 2012) |
| "Buccal midazolam is effective and safe in the treatment of prolonged seizures and has the advantage of being a convenient and socially acceptable administration form." | 7.73 | [Prolonged convulsions treated with buccal midazolam in a setting of mentally retarded patients with refractory epilepsy]. ( Batista, D; Bausà, T; Elias, C; Font, D; Hijano, A; Melendez, R; Rocha, A, 2006) |
| "This paper demonstrates how oral midazolam can be employed as an alternative method of behaviour management to general anaesthesia for the dental treatment of people with learning disabilities." | 7.70 | Oral midazolam for adults with learning disabilities. ( Boyle, CA; Fleming, GJ; Manley, MC, 2000) |
| "The pharmacodynamics of midazolam was studied in the kindling model of experimental epilepsy." | 7.70 | Mechanism-based modeling of adaptive changes in the pharmacodynamics of midazolam in the kindling model of epilepsy. ( Cleton, A; Danhof, M; Ghijsen, W; Van der Graaf, PH; Voskuyl, R, 1999) |
| "Sixteen of 19 seizures (84." | 6.71 | Buccal midazolam for treatment of prolonged seizures in children. ( Dogrul, M; Kutlu, NO; Soylu, H; Yakinci, C, 2003) |
| "Midazolam is a short-acting benzodiazepine that has clearly demonstrated to be an effective option for the acute management of epileptic seizures." | 6.50 | The safety and tolerability of intranasal midazolam in epilepsy. ( Mula, M, 2014) |
| " In-MDZ was well tolerated without major adverse events." | 5.56 | Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Concentrated Intranasal Midazolam Spray as Emergency Medication in Epilepsy Patients During Video-EEG Monitoring. ( Balaban, Ü; Fuest, S; Herrmann, E; Kay, L; Knake, S; Reif, PS; Rosenow, F; Schubert-Bast, S; Strzelczyk, A; von Blomberg, A; Zöllner, JP, 2020) |
| "The baseline demographic and seizure characteristics including the severity of epilepsy were comparable between the INM group (n = 50) and controls (n = 50)." | 5.51 | Impact of prescribing intranasal midazolam as rescue medication for domiciliary management of acute seizure among children with epilepsy. ( Behgal, J; Bhardwaj, H; Kaushik, JS; Lather, T, 2019) |
| "Hypotension is said to be a rare side effect, but with no reported cases in people administered buccal midazolam." | 5.36 | Significant hypotension following buccal midazolam administration. ( Kensche, M; Sander, JW; Sisodiya, SM, 2010) |
| "Lacosamide (Vimpat) is a newly licensed novel antiepileptic drug." | 5.36 | Successful treatment for refractory convulsive status epilepticus by non-parenteral lacosamide. ( Eggers, C; Hofer, T; Resch, R; Tilz, C, 2010) |
| "Midazolam nasal spray (MDZ-NS) is indicated for acute treatment of intermittent, stereotypic episodes of frequent seizure activity (ie, seizure clusters, acute repetitive seizures) that are distinct from a patient's usual seizure pattern, in patients 12 years of age and older with epilepsy." | 5.34 | Safety and efficacy of midazolam nasal spray for the treatment of intermittent bouts of increased seizure activity in the epilepsy monitoring unit: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. ( Choi, EJ; Cleveland, JM; King, A; Meng, TC; Pullman, WE; Sequeira, DJ; Sinha, SR; Spencer, DC; Van Ess, PJ; Wheless, JW, 2020) |
| "5-30 Hz) of the EEG as derived by Fast Fourier Transformation analysis was used as pharmacodynamic endpoint." | 5.30 | Adaptive changes in the pharmacodynamics of midazolam in different experimental models of epilepsy: kindling, cortical stimulation and genetic absence epilepsy. ( Cleton, A; Danhof, M; Voskuyl, RA, 1998) |
| "Midazolam was able to reduce spike-and-wave activity in all three models, but there were quantitative differences: the lower dose was effective only against rhythmic metrazol activity, but its action against two other models was negligible, whereas the higher dose of midazolam resulted in significant effects in all three models." | 5.30 | Midazolam suppresses spike-and-wave rhythm accompanying three different models of epileptic seizures. ( Kubová, H; Mares, P; Mocková, M, 1999) |
| "To compare intranasal midazolam, using a Mucosal Atomization Device (IN-MMAD), with rectal diazepam (RD) for the home treatment of seizures in children with epilepsy." | 5.14 | Intranasal midazolam vs rectal diazepam for the home treatment of acute seizures in pediatric patients with epilepsy. ( Adelgais, K; Dudley, N; Filloux, F; Firth, S; Greenberg, R; Healy, A; Holsti, M; Olsen, C; Schunk, J, 2010) |
| "The aim of this study was to determine whether intranasal midazolam is a safe and effective rescue medication in adolescent and adult patients with severe epilepsy." | 5.09 | Is intranasal midazolam an effective rescue medication in adolescents and adults with severe epilepsy? ( Clarke, M; Comish, S; Ibitoye, M; Scheepers, B; Scheepers, M, 2000) |
| " Severity of seizures were quantified for an hour and treated with midazolam (3 mg/kg, i." | 4.31 | Disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W) in mixed-sex cohorts of a rat soman (GD) model of epilepsy. ( Almanza, A; Bryant, E; Carlo, AM; Corson, BE; Gage, M; Kharate, M; Mafuta, C; Massey, N; Meyer, C; Ostrander, M; Rao, NS; Samidurai, M; Showman, L; Thippeswamy, T; Trevino, L; Vasanthi, SS; Wachter, L; Wang, C; Wohlgemuth, M, 2023) |
| "The aim of this study was to review out-of-hospital use of intranasal diazepam and midazolam for treatment of acute repetitive seizures (ARS) at a typical adult epilepsy center." | 4.12 | Use of new intranasal benzodiazepines at a typical adult epilepsy center. ( Benbadis, SR; Li, C, 2022) |
| "Provide standards for basic epilepsy education and rescue medication (Midazolam) administration." | 4.02 | UK framework for basic epilepsy training and oromucosal midazolam administration. ( Bagary, M; Chisanga, E; Jory, C; Shankar, R; Tittensor, P; Tittensor, S, 2021) |
| "Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate (OMM) with suitable training to family and carers is being increasingly recognized as the treatment of choice to mitigate the development of status epilepticus in non-hospital community settings." | 4.02 | Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate: Use and effectiveness in adults with epilepsy in the UK. ( Boyle, A; Goodwin, M; Grant, A; Higgins, R; Hudson, S; Pearson, J; Reuber, M; Shankar, R; Storer, A; Toland, J, 2021) |
| "Kaila, Löscher, and colleagues report that phenobarbital (PHB) and midazolam (MDZ) attenuate neonatal seizures following birth asphyxia, but the former only when applied before asphyxia and the latter before or after the triggering insult." | 4.02 | Phenobarbital, midazolam, bumetanide, and neonatal seizures: The devil is in the details. ( Ben-Ari, Y; Delpire, E, 2021) |
| "The objective of the study was to compare the performance of intravenous (IV) lorazepam (IVL) and intranasal midazolam (INM) for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in adults admitted to the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) in whom seizures were captured on continuous video-electroencephalogram." | 3.91 | Comparison of intranasal midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in the adult epilepsy monitoring unit. ( Bautista, C; Cotugno, S; Deng, Y; Dhakar, MB; Farooque, P; Hirsch, LJ; Maciel, CB; McKimmy, D; Owusu, KA; Sukumar, N, 2019) |
| " To quantify effects of a loading dose of midazolam and lidocaine on the EEG frequency spectrum of full-term neonates with perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS), 11 full-term infants underwent multi-channel amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) and EEG recordings." | 3.78 | Effects of midazolam and lidocaine on spectral properties of the EEG in full-term neonates with stroke. ( Andriessen, P; Dankers, F; de Vries, L; Janssen, F; Jennekens, W; Niemarkt, H; Toet, M; van der Aa, N; van Pul, C, 2012) |
| "Fosphenytoin was developed to eliminate the poor aqueous solubility and irritant properties of intravenous phenytoin." | 3.77 | New anticonvulsant drugs. Focus on flunarizine, fosphenytoin, midazolam and stiripentol. ( Bebin, M; Bleck, TP, 1994) |
| "Forty consecutive patients with neurological disorders (encephalopathy, autism, and epilepsy) were referred to dental treatment, and 45 sedations were performed; all were sedated with Midazolam (intramuscular 0." | 3.76 | Special care dentistry: Midazolam conscious sedation for patients with neurological diseases. ( Capp, PL; Cillo, MT; de Faria, ME; de Siqueira, JT; Prado, EG; Siqueira, SR, 2010) |
| "Rectal diazepam is established as a standard rescue or emergency treatment for seizure or status epilepticus; however, the rectal route of administration has not been universally accepted." | 3.76 | A comparison of midazolam nasal spray and diazepam rectal solution for the residential treatment of seizure exacerbations. ( Bertram, E; de Haan, GJ; Doelman, G; Edelbroek, P; van der Geest, P, 2010) |
| "Buccal Midazolam in its propriety form is the rescue medication most commonly prescribed by EPIC epilepsy paediatricians." | 3.75 | The community use of rescue medication for prolonged epileptic seizures in children. ( Klimach, VJ, 2009) |
| "During her first pregnancy, a 37-year-old woman with idiopathic generalised epilepsy that was adequately controlled with lamotrigine experienced a series of epileptic seizures following an elective caesarean section." | 3.73 | [Epileptic seizures during childbirth in a patient with idiopathic generalised epilepsy]. ( Bloem, BR; Renier, WO; Voermans, NC; Zwarts, MJ, 2005) |
| "Buccal midazolam is effective and safe in the treatment of prolonged seizures and has the advantage of being a convenient and socially acceptable administration form." | 3.73 | [Prolonged convulsions treated with buccal midazolam in a setting of mentally retarded patients with refractory epilepsy]. ( Batista, D; Bausà, T; Elias, C; Font, D; Hijano, A; Melendez, R; Rocha, A, 2006) |
| "This paper demonstrates how oral midazolam can be employed as an alternative method of behaviour management to general anaesthesia for the dental treatment of people with learning disabilities." | 3.70 | Oral midazolam for adults with learning disabilities. ( Boyle, CA; Fleming, GJ; Manley, MC, 2000) |
| "The pharmacodynamics of midazolam was studied in the kindling model of experimental epilepsy." | 3.70 | Mechanism-based modeling of adaptive changes in the pharmacodynamics of midazolam in the kindling model of epilepsy. ( Cleton, A; Danhof, M; Ghijsen, W; Van der Graaf, PH; Voskuyl, R, 1999) |
| " We studied the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of an oral 15-mg dose of midazolam in 6 patients with epilepsy who are also taking carbamazepine (CBZ) or phenytoin (PHT)." | 3.69 | Concentrations and effects of oral midazolam are greatly reduced in patients treated with carbamazepine or phenytoin. ( Backman, JT; Laaksovirta, H; Neuvonen, PJ; Ojala, M; Olkkola, KT, 1996) |
| "Neonatal stroke is the second cause of acute symptomatic neonatal seizures after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy." | 2.82 | Efficacy of the anti-seizure medications in acute symptomatic neonatal seizures caused by stroke. A systematic review. ( Criscione, R; Falsaperla, R; Marino, S; Pisani, F; Praticò, A; Ruggieri, M; Sortino, V, 2022) |
| "Sixteen of 19 seizures (84." | 2.71 | Buccal midazolam for treatment of prolonged seizures in children. ( Dogrul, M; Kutlu, NO; Soylu, H; Yakinci, C, 2003) |
| "Sevoflurane is a methyl ether anaesthetic commonly used for induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia in children." | 2.70 | Sevoflurane anaesthesia in children after induction of anaesthesia with midazolam and thiopental does not cause epileptiform EEG. ( Hyvärinen, A; Kokki, H; Nieminen, K; Partanen, J; Westerèn-Punnonen, S; Yppärilä, H, 2002) |
| "In the diazepam group, the seizures of 13 (60%) patients terminated in 10 minutes; however, 9 (40%) patients did not respond." | 2.70 | Effects of intranasal midazolam and rectal diazepam on acute convulsions in children: prospective randomized study. ( Akgün, D; Fişgin, T; Gurer, Y; Okuyaz, C; Senbil, N; Teziç, T; Zorlu, P, 2002) |
| "Midazolam is a benzodiazepine hypnotic with a rapid onset and short duration of action." | 2.52 | Midazolam as an anticonvulsant antidote for organophosphate intoxication--A pharmacotherapeutic appraisal. ( Reddy, DS; Reddy, SD, 2015) |
| "Midazolam is a short-acting benzodiazepine that has clearly demonstrated to be an effective option for the acute management of epileptic seizures." | 2.50 | The safety and tolerability of intranasal midazolam in epilepsy. ( Mula, M, 2014) |
| "When (sub)clinical seizures are treated, there is no consensus about the most appropriate treatment for neonatal seizures and how to assess the efficacy of treatment." | 2.49 | Treatment of neonatal seizures. ( de Vries, LS; Hellström-Westas, L; van Rooij, LG, 2013) |
| "Acute treatment of breakthrough seizures and clusters of seizures at home with rectal BZDs (usually DZP, 0." | 2.39 | Status epilepticus and acute repetitive seizures in children, adolescents, and young adults: etiology, outcome, and treatment. ( Mitchell, WG, 1996) |
| " In-MDZ was well tolerated without major adverse events." | 1.56 | Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Concentrated Intranasal Midazolam Spray as Emergency Medication in Epilepsy Patients During Video-EEG Monitoring. ( Balaban, Ü; Fuest, S; Herrmann, E; Kay, L; Knake, S; Reif, PS; Rosenow, F; Schubert-Bast, S; Strzelczyk, A; von Blomberg, A; Zöllner, JP, 2020) |
| "The baseline demographic and seizure characteristics including the severity of epilepsy were comparable between the INM group (n = 50) and controls (n = 50)." | 1.51 | Impact of prescribing intranasal midazolam as rescue medication for domiciliary management of acute seizure among children with epilepsy. ( Behgal, J; Bhardwaj, H; Kaushik, JS; Lather, T, 2019) |
| "Epilepsy is a spectrum of neurological disorders with many causal factors." | 1.46 | Inhibitory synapse deficits caused by familial α1 GABA ( Chen, X; Durisic, N; Keramidas, A; Lynch, JW, 2017) |
| "To determine the prognostic factors for encephalopathy with bright tree appearance (BTA) in the acute phase through retrospective case evaluation." | 1.42 | Prognostic factors for acute encephalopathy with bright tree appearance. ( Azuma, J; Iwatani, Y; Kagitani-Shimono, K; Kitai, Y; Nabatame, S; Nagai, T; Nakano, S; Okinaga, T; Ozono, K; Tominaga, K; Yamamoto, T, 2015) |
| "She was seizure-free after the surgery." | 1.40 | Peri-ictal headache due to epileptiform activity in a disconnected hemisphere. ( Delalande, O; Dvorak, J; Jahodova, A; Komarek, V; Kršek, P; Kyncl, M; Tichy, M; Vydrova, R, 2014) |
| "In patients with high-grade glioma seizures occur relatively frequently during the end-of-life phase." | 1.40 | [Gliomas: fighting until the end against epilepsy; administration of antiepileptic drugs in the end-of-life phase]. ( Boddaert, MS; Koekkoek, JA; Taphoorn, M, 2014) |
| "Hypotension is said to be a rare side effect, but with no reported cases in people administered buccal midazolam." | 1.36 | Significant hypotension following buccal midazolam administration. ( Kensche, M; Sander, JW; Sisodiya, SM, 2010) |
| "Lacosamide (Vimpat) is a newly licensed novel antiepileptic drug." | 1.36 | Successful treatment for refractory convulsive status epilepticus by non-parenteral lacosamide. ( Eggers, C; Hofer, T; Resch, R; Tilz, C, 2010) |
| "Whilst observing the seizure pattern and excluding the differential diagnoses, evidence emerged that psychological factors had played a large part in her clinical picture." | 1.32 | Postoperative pseudoepileptic seizures in a known epileptic: complications in recovery. ( Chambers, N; Ng, L, 2003) |
| "The objective of this study was to characterize quantitatively the pharmacodynamic interaction between midazolam (MDL), an allosteric modulator of the gamma-aminobutyric acid subtype A (GABAA) receptor, and tiagabine (TGB), an inhibitor of synaptic GABA uptake." | 1.32 | Pharmacodynamic analysis of the interaction between tiagabine and midazolam with an allosteric model that incorporates signal transduction. ( Danhof, M; Edelbroek, PM; Jonker, DM; Piotrovsky, VK; Vermeij, DA; Voskuyl, RA, 2003) |
| "Midazolam was able to reduce spike-and-wave activity in all three models, but there were quantitative differences: the lower dose was effective only against rhythmic metrazol activity, but its action against two other models was negligible, whereas the higher dose of midazolam resulted in significant effects in all three models." | 1.30 | Midazolam suppresses spike-and-wave rhythm accompanying three different models of epileptic seizures. ( Kubová, H; Mares, P; Mocková, M, 1999) |
| "5-30 Hz) of the EEG as derived by Fast Fourier Transformation analysis was used as pharmacodynamic endpoint." | 1.30 | Adaptive changes in the pharmacodynamics of midazolam in different experimental models of epilepsy: kindling, cortical stimulation and genetic absence epilepsy. ( Cleton, A; Danhof, M; Voskuyl, RA, 1998) |
| "Midazolam (4 mg) was given 3 min after the last dose of narcotic." | 1.29 | Epileptiform activity during opioid anesthesia. ( Husain, MV; Kearse, LA; Koski, G; McPeck, K; Philbin, DM, 1993) |
| "The midazolam was dripped slowly into the anterior nares." | 1.29 | Nasal rather than rectal benzodiazepines in the management of acute childhood seizures? ( Brown, JK; Clarke, M; O'Regan, ME, 1996) |
| "Midazolam is a water-soluble benzodiazepine imide that has been used in recent years to manage status epilepticus (SE)." | 1.29 | [Treatment of status epilepticus with midazolam: report of four cases]. ( Aguilera Olivares, L; Galdames Poblete, D; Silva-Rosas, C, 1994) |
| "Carbamazepine was the most effective to block SEA at concentrations of 1-15 microM." | 1.27 | Effects of anticonvulsants on spontaneous epileptiform activity which develops in the absence of chemical synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices. ( Franceschetti, S; Hamon, B; Heinemann, U; Konnerth, A; Yaari, Y, 1985) |
| "Midazolam is a water soluble 1,4 benzodiazepine which is suitable for intramuscular administration." | 1.27 | A pharmacodynamic evaluation of midazolam as an antiepileptic compound. ( Jawad, S; Oxley, J; Richens, A; Wilson, J, 1986) |
Research
Studies (89)
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 3 (3.37) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 22 (24.72) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 20 (22.47) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 25 (28.09) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 19 (21.35) | 2.80 |
Authors
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Li, C | 1 |
| Benbadis, SR | 1 |
| Welzel, B | 2 |
| Schmidt, R | 1 |
| Johne, M | 2 |
| Löscher, W | 2 |
| Kuanyshbek, A | 1 |
| Wang, M | 1 |
| Andersson, Å | 1 |
| Tuifua, M | 1 |
| Palmer, EE | 1 |
| Sachdev, RK | 1 |
| Mu, TW | 1 |
| Vetter, I | 1 |
| Keramidas, A | 2 |
| Golub, V | 2 |
| Ramakrishnan, S | 2 |
| Reddy, DS | 3 |
| Sortino, V | 1 |
| Praticò, A | 1 |
| Marino, S | 1 |
| Criscione, R | 1 |
| Ruggieri, M | 1 |
| Pisani, F | 1 |
| Falsaperla, R | 1 |
| Meyer, S | 1 |
| Langer, J | 1 |
| Poryo, M | 1 |
| Bay, JG | 1 |
| Wagenpfeil, S | 1 |
| Heinrich, B | 1 |
| Nunold, H | 1 |
| Strzelczyk, A | 2 |
| Ebrahimi-Fakhari, D | 1 |
| Moeller, AA | 1 |
| Stefanescu, AR | 1 |
| Stefanescu, BM | 1 |
| Golomb, MR | 1 |
| Boyle, FA | 1 |
| Buss, WF | 1 |
| Rose, RS | 1 |
| Wing, SE | 1 |
| Vasanthi, SS | 1 |
| Rao, NS | 1 |
| Samidurai, M | 1 |
| Massey, N | 1 |
| Meyer, C | 1 |
| Gage, M | 1 |
| Kharate, M | 1 |
| Almanza, A | 1 |
| Wachter, L | 1 |
| Mafuta, C | 1 |
| Trevino, L | 1 |
| Carlo, AM | 1 |
| Bryant, E | 1 |
| Corson, BE | 1 |
| Wohlgemuth, M | 1 |
| Ostrander, M | 1 |
| Showman, L | 1 |
| Wang, C | 1 |
| Thippeswamy, T | 1 |
| von Blomberg, A | 1 |
| Kay, L | 1 |
| Knake, S | 1 |
| Fuest, S | 1 |
| Zöllner, JP | 1 |
| Reif, PS | 1 |
| Herrmann, E | 1 |
| Balaban, Ü | 1 |
| Schubert-Bast, S | 1 |
| Rosenow, F | 1 |
| Sutter, R | 1 |
| Kaplan, PW | 1 |
| Spencer, DC | 1 |
| Sinha, SR | 1 |
| Choi, EJ | 1 |
| Cleveland, JM | 1 |
| King, A | 1 |
| Meng, TC | 1 |
| Pullman, WE | 1 |
| Sequeira, DJ | 1 |
| Van Ess, PJ | 1 |
| Wheless, JW | 2 |
| Fedak Romanowski, EM | 1 |
| McNamara, NA | 1 |
| Neil, EE | 1 |
| Gottlieb-Smith, R | 1 |
| Dang, LT | 1 |
| Zombori, L | 1 |
| Bacon, M | 1 |
| Wood, H | 1 |
| Chatterjee, F | 1 |
| Venkateswaran, R | 1 |
| Lampariello, S | 1 |
| Yoong, M | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y | 1 |
| Delpire, E | 1 |
| Tittensor, P | 1 |
| Tittensor, S | 1 |
| Chisanga, E | 1 |
| Bagary, M | 1 |
| Jory, C | 1 |
| Shankar, R | 2 |
| Goodwin, M | 1 |
| Toland, J | 1 |
| Boyle, A | 1 |
| Grant, A | 1 |
| Pearson, J | 1 |
| Storer, A | 1 |
| Higgins, R | 1 |
| Hudson, S | 1 |
| Reuber, M | 1 |
| Chen, X | 1 |
| Durisic, N | 1 |
| Lynch, JW | 1 |
| Nunley, S | 1 |
| Glynn, P | 1 |
| Rust, S | 1 |
| Vidaurre, J | 1 |
| Albert, DVF | 1 |
| Patel, AD | 1 |
| Vigevano, F | 1 |
| Kirkham, FJ | 1 |
| Wilken, B | 1 |
| Raspall-Chaure, M | 1 |
| Grebla, R | 1 |
| Lee, D | 2 |
| Werner-Kiechle, T | 1 |
| Lagae, L | 1 |
| Lather, T | 1 |
| Behgal, J | 1 |
| Bhardwaj, H | 1 |
| Kaushik, JS | 1 |
| Owusu, KA | 1 |
| Dhakar, MB | 1 |
| Bautista, C | 1 |
| McKimmy, D | 1 |
| Cotugno, S | 1 |
| Sukumar, N | 1 |
| Deng, Y | 1 |
| Farooque, P | 1 |
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Clinical Trials (2)
Trial Overview
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial Examining the Safety and Efficacy of Midazolam Intranasal Spray (USL261) for the Treatment of Intermittent Bouts of Increased Seizure Activity in the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (EMU)[NCT01999777] | Phase 3 | 62 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-11-30 | Completed | ||
| Intranasal Midazolam Versus Rectal Diazepam for the Home Treatment of Seizure Activity in Pediatric Patients With Epilepsy[NCT00326612] | Phase 2 | 358 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2006-06-30 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Trial Outcomes
Number of Participants That Were Seizure-free
"A participant was considered seizure-free if he or she completed the 6-hour Treatment Phase without seizures recorded, premature discontinuation of study drug, rescue intervention for acute central respiratory depression adverse event (AE), and alterations to background anti-epileptic drug (AED) therapy. Otherwise, the participant was included in the analysis for seizure-free events with the outcome of seizure." (NCT01999777)
Timeframe: 6 hours
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| USL261 | 17 |
| Placebo | 12 |
Time to First Seizure Following Treatment (TFSFT)
Time to first seizure following treatment was defined as time from treatment with study drug to the onset of the next seizure, rescue intervention (for acute central respiratory depression AE) to maintain subject safety, alterations to background AED therapy, early termination, or 6 hours, whichever came first. (NCT01999777)
Timeframe: 6 hours
| Intervention | hours (Median) |
|---|---|
| USL261 | NA |
| Placebo | 3.9 |
Length of Seizure After Study Medication Administration
Length of seizure. (NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | Minutes (Median) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 3.0 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 4.3 |
Number of Patients Needed to be Seen or Treated in the Emergency Department for Their Seizure and Use of Study Medication.
(NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 21 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 17 |
Number of Patients That Were Admitted to the Hospital After Their Seizure and Use of Study Medication.
(NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 4 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 3 |
Number of Patients Who Had a Repeat Seizure Within 12 Hours After Their Seizure Who Used Study Medication
(NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 12 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 1 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 1 |
Number of Patients Who Needed Additional Medication to Treat the Seizure in the Emergency Department Within 24 Hours
(NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 5 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 5 |
Respiratory Depression Requiring Intubation
Respiratory depression was defined as intubation at Emergency Department discharge. (NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 1 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 0 |
Respiratory Depression Requiring Oxygen at Discharge From the Emergency Department.
Respiratory depression was defined as requiring oxygen at discharge from the Emergency Department. (NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 3 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 1 |
Reviews
7 reviews available for midazolam and Aura
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Efficacy of the anti-seizure medications in acute symptomatic neonatal seizures caused by stroke. A systematic review.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Bumetanide; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Levetirac | 2022 |
Seizure Rescue Medications for Out-Of-Hospital Use in Children.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Diazepa | 2021 |
Treatment of neonatal seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Child Development; Drug Resistance; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant, Newbo | 2013 |
The safety and tolerability of intranasal midazolam in epilepsy.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam | 2014 |
Midazolam as an anticonvulsant antidote for organophosphate intoxication--A pharmacotherapeutic appraisal.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Organophosphate Poisoning | 2015 |
New anticonvulsant drugs. Focus on flunarizine, fosphenytoin, midazolam and stiripentol.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Over Studies; Dioxolanes | 1994 |
Status epilepticus and acute repetitive seizures in children, adolescents, and young adults: etiology, outcome, and treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Central Nervous System Disea | 1996 |
Trials
10 trials available for midazolam and Aura
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Safety and efficacy of midazolam nasal spray for the treatment of intermittent bouts of increased seizure activity in the epilepsy monitoring unit: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Double-Blind Method; Epilepsy | 2020 |
Intranasal midazolam vs rectal diazepam for the home treatment of acute seizures in pediatric patients with epilepsy.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Pr | 2010 |
Children on phenobarbital monotherapy requires more sedatives during MRI.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Conscious Sedation; Double-Blin | 2011 |
Sevoflurane anaesthesia in children after induction of anaesthesia with midazolam and thiopental does not cause epileptiform EEG.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Epile | 2002 |
Buccal midazolam for treatment of prolonged seizures in children.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Administration Sc | 2003 |
Second-line anticonvulsant treatment of neonatal seizures: a video-EEG monitoring study.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Drug Resistance; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infa | 2004 |
Intranasal midazolam vs rectal diazepam in acute childhood seizures.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Intranasal; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Epile | 2006 |
New anticonvulsant drugs. Focus on flunarizine, fosphenytoin, midazolam and stiripentol.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Over Studies; Dioxolanes | 1994 |
Is intranasal midazolam an effective rescue medication in adolescents and adults with severe epilepsy?
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Epilepsy; Feasibility Studies; Female; G | 2000 |
Effects of intranasal midazolam and rectal diazepam on acute convulsions in children: prospective randomized study.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Presc | 2002 |
Other Studies
73 other studies available for midazolam and Aura
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Use of new intranasal benzodiazepines at a typical adult epilepsy center.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, G | 2022 |
Midazolam Prevents the Adverse Outcome of Neonatal Asphyxia.
Topics: Animals; Asphyxia; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Benzodiazepines; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Midazola | 2023 |
Anti-seizure mechanisms of midazolam and valproate at the β2(L51M) variant of the GABA
Topics: Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Midazolam; Receptors, GABA-A; Valproic Acid | 2022 |
Isobolographic analysis of adjunct antiseizure activity of the FDA-approved cannabidiol with neurosteroids and benzodiazepines in adult refractory focal onset epilepsy.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Cannabidiol; Child; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Epilepsies, Pa | 2023 |
Isobolographic analysis of adjunct antiseizure activity of the FDA-approved cannabidiol with neurosteroids and benzodiazepines in adult refractory focal onset epilepsy.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Cannabidiol; Child; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Epilepsies, Pa | 2023 |
Isobolographic analysis of adjunct antiseizure activity of the FDA-approved cannabidiol with neurosteroids and benzodiazepines in adult refractory focal onset epilepsy.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Cannabidiol; Child; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Epilepsies, Pa | 2023 |
Isobolographic analysis of adjunct antiseizure activity of the FDA-approved cannabidiol with neurosteroids and benzodiazepines in adult refractory focal onset epilepsy.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Cannabidiol; Child; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Epilepsies, Pa | 2023 |
Epileptic Status in a PEDiatric cohort (ESPED) requiring intensive care treatment: A multicenter, national, two-year prospective surveillance study.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Critical Care; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Midazol | 2023 |
A Standardized, 3-Tiered, Seizure Burden-Based Protocol for the Treatment of Neonatal Seizures.
Topics: Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Midazo | 2023 |
Bumetanide potentiates the anti-seizure and disease-modifying effects of midazolam in a noninvasive rat model of term birth asphyxia.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Asphyxia; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Bumetanide; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant, Newbo | 2023 |
Disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W) in mixed-sex cohorts of a rat soman (GD) model of epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cytokines; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epilepsy; Gliosis; Male; Midazolam; Neuroglia; Nitr | 2023 |
Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Concentrated Intranasal Midazolam Spray as Emergency Medication in Epilepsy Patients During Video-EEG Monitoring.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography | 2020 |
Transnasal Revolution? The Promise of Midazolam Spray to Prevent Seizure Clusters.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures | 2020 |
Intranasal diazepam (Valtoco) and midazolam (Nayzilam) for seizure clusters.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures | 2020 |
Severe cortical damage associated with COVID-19 case report.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adolescent; Airway Extubation; Anticonvulsants; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Bo | 2021 |
Phenobarbital, midazolam, bumetanide, and neonatal seizures: The devil is in the details.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bumetanide; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Phenobarbital; Prohibitins; Seizu | 2021 |
A critical evaluation of midazolam nasal spray for the treatment of patients with seizure clusters.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Nasal Sprays; Quality of L | 2021 |
UK framework for basic epilepsy training and oromucosal midazolam administration.
Topics: Caregivers; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures; United Kingdom | 2021 |
Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate: Use and effectiveness in adults with epilepsy in the UK.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus; United Kingdom | 2021 |
Inhibitory synapse deficits caused by familial α1 GABA
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Epilepsy; HEK293 Cel | 2017 |
Healthcare Utilization Characteristics for Intranasal Midazolam Versus Rectal Diazepam.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Adult; Ambulatory Care; Anticonvulsa | 2018 |
Effect of rescue medication on seizure duration in non-institutionalized children with epilepsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Mida | 2018 |
Impact of prescribing intranasal midazolam as rescue medication for domiciliary management of acute seizure among children with epilepsy.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Ma | 2019 |
Comparison of intranasal midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in the adult epilepsy monitoring unit.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Female; H | 2019 |
The cost effectiveness of licensed oromucosal midazolam (Buccolam(®)) for the treatment of children experiencing acute epileptic seizures: an approach when trial evidence is limited.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Buccal; Administration, Rectal; Child; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decisio | 2013 |
Buccolam: the first centralized paediatric use marketing authorization.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Anticonvulsants; Child; Epilepsy; Europe; Humans; Licensure; Marketing; Mida | 2013 |
[Gliomas: fighting until the end against epilepsy; administration of antiepileptic drugs in the end-of-life phase].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Epilepsy; Glioma; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures; Terminal Care | 2014 |
Peri-ictal headache due to epileptiform activity in a disconnected hemisphere.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain; Carbamazepine; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Female; F | 2014 |
Prognostic factors for acute encephalopathy with bright tree appearance.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Brain; Brain Diseases; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Diaz | 2015 |
Prevention of organophosphate-induced chronic epilepsy by early benzodiazepine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Chronic Diseas | 2014 |
Effect of carbamazepine or phenytoin therapy on blood level of intravenously administered midazolam: a prospective cohort study.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Cohort Studies; Drug Therapy, Co | 2016 |
The community use of rescue medication for prolonged epileptic seizures in children.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Anticonvulsants; Child; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Rescue Wo | 2009 |
Ketogenic diet in Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain; Child, Preschool; Cognition; Diet, Ketogenic; Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of | 2009 |
Successful treatment for refractory convulsive status epilepticus by non-parenteral lacosamide.
Topics: Acetamides; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; | 2010 |
Guidelines for diagnosis and management of childhood epilepsy.
Topics: Algorithms; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Hu | 2009 |
A comparison of midazolam nasal spray and diazepam rectal solution for the residential treatment of seizure exacerbations.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Drug A | 2010 |
[Benzodiazepines in the treatment of epilepsy].
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilep | 2010 |
Special care dentistry: Midazolam conscious sedation for patients with neurological diseases.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthetics, Local; Autistic Disorder; Brain Damage, Chronic; | 2010 |
Long-term neurological outcome of term-born children treated with two or more anti-epileptic drugs during the neonatal period.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Apgar Score; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Female; Fol | 2012 |
Effects of midazolam and lidocaine on spectral properties of the EEG in full-term neonates with stroke.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Ischemia; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; | 2012 |
Anaesthesia and orphan disease: anaesthetic management of a child with Pena-Shokeir syndrome.
Topics: Alopecia; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Child; Cleft Palate; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Epilepsy; Female | 2012 |
Significant hypotension following buccal midazolam administration.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Epilepsy; GABA Modulators; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Midazolam; Severity of | 2010 |
Pharmacodynamic analysis of the interaction between tiagabine and midazolam with an allosteric model that incorporates signal transduction.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; E | 2003 |
Postoperative pseudoepileptic seizures in a known epileptic: complications in recovery.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 2003 |
Anaesthesia for magnetoencephalography in children with intractable seizures.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Child, Preschool; Chloral Hy | 2003 |
[Epileptic seizures during childbirth in a patient with idiopathic generalised epilepsy].
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Cesarean Section; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Generalized; Epi | 2005 |
Dexmedetomidine for awake craniotomy without laryngeal mask.
Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Combined; Conscious Sedation; Craniotomy; Dexmedetomidine; Epilepsy; Female; Fen | 2005 |
Supraspinal anesthesia: behavioral and electroencephalographic effects of intracerebroventricularly infused pentobarbital, propofol, fentanyl, and midazolam.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Consciousness; Data Interpretation, Stat | 2006 |
[Prolonged convulsions treated with buccal midazolam in a setting of mentally retarded patients with refractory epilepsy].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Midazolam; Mid | 2006 |
Epileptiform activity during opioid anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Brain; Brain Mapping; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; | 1993 |
Anticonvulsant effect of intraventricular antiepileptic drugs. Experimental study.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Epilepsy; Injections, Intraventricul | 1995 |
Benzodiazepines promote the intermediate stage at the expense of paradoxical sleep in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Eye Movements; Heart Rate; | 1994 |
Stable anticonvulsant action of benzodiazepines during development in rats.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephal | 1993 |
[Treatment of status epilepticus with midazolam: report of four cases].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Treatment Outcome | 1994 |
Concentrations and effects of oral midazolam are greatly reduced in patients treated with carbamazepine or phenytoin.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Carbamazepine; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Induction; Epilepsy; Female; F | 1996 |
Nasal rather than rectal benzodiazepines in the management of acute childhood seizures?
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Anti-Anxiety Agents; | 1996 |
A case report or a cautionary tale?
Topics: Anesthesia, Dental; Dental Care for Chronically Ill; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures | 1997 |
Nasal rather than rectal benzodiazepines in the management of acute childhood seizures?
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Benzodiazepines; Epilepsy; Humans; M | 1997 |
Posttreatment with propofol terminates lidocaine-induced epileptiform electroencephalogram activity in rabbits: effects on cerebrospinal fluid dynamics.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Electroencephalography; | 1998 |
Adaptive changes in the pharmacodynamics of midazolam in different experimental models of epilepsy: kindling, cortical stimulation and genetic absence epilepsy.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Injectio | 1998 |
Midazolam via the intranasal route: an effective rescue medication for severe epilepsy in adults with learning disability.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adult; Epilepsy; Female; GABA Modulators; Humans; Learning Disabilities; | 1998 |
Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for epilepsy.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Ch | 1999 |
Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for epilepsy.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Ant | 1999 |
Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for epilepsy.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Ch | 1999 |
Mechanism-based modeling of adaptive changes in the pharmacodynamics of midazolam in the kindling model of epilepsy.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Chlorine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-R | 1999 |
Home and hospital treatment of acute seizures in children with nasal midazolam.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepa | 1999 |
Midazolam suppresses spike-and-wave rhythm accompanying three different models of epileptic seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalogra | 1999 |
Oral midazolam for adults with learning disabilities.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anesthesia, Dental; Behavior Therapy; Conscious Sedation; Dental Calcul | 2000 |
Epileptic manifestations induced by midazolam in the neonatal period.
Topics: Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Male; Midazol | 2001 |
Midazolam for treatment of postoperative nausea.
Topics: Antiemetics; Epilepsy; Female; GABA Modulators; Humans; Midazolam; Middle Aged; Postoperative Nausea | 2001 |
The use of antiepileptic drugs in learning disabled people with epilepsy: an audit of adult in-patients in a treatment and continuing care service.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Learning | 2001 |
The use of midazolam in the preterm neonate.
Topics: Epilepsy; Gestational Age; Hemodynamics; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Inten | 1992 |
Intrathecal antiepileptic drugs in experimental epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Catheters, Indwelling; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, | 1991 |
Effects of anticonvulsants on spontaneous epileptiform activity which develops in the absence of chemical synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Carbamazepine; Cell Membrane Permeability; Epilepsy; Hipp | 1985 |
Midazolam in the treatment of epileptic seizures.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Female; Humans; Male; Midazolam; M | 1988 |
A pharmacodynamic evaluation of midazolam as an antiepileptic compound.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Injections, I | 1986 |