midazolam has been researched along with Absence Status in 261 studies
Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.
midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "To compare efficacy and safety of Intranasal and Intramuscular routes of midazolam administration in terminating seizures." | 9.51 | The IN-MIDAZ study - Intranasal midazolam in aborting seizures - An epilepsy monitoring unit based randomized controlled trial for efficacy. ( Appukuttan, R; Mehta, S; Ramanujan, B; Shaikh, RG; Singh, RK; Tripathi, M; Vibha, D, 2022) |
| "To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intranasal midazolam (IN-MDZ), via a mucosal atomization device, as a first-line management option for canine status epilepticus and compare it to rectal administration of diazepam (R-DZP) for controlling status epilepticus before intravenous access is available." | 9.24 | Intranasal Midazolam versus Rectal Diazepam for the Management of Canine Status Epilepticus: A Multicenter Randomized Parallel-Group Clinical Trial. ( Bhatti, SFM; Charalambous, M; Gallucci, A; Gandini, G; Hasegawa, D; Ives, E; Jeffery, ND; Musteata, M; Platt, S; Siedenburg, J; Tipold, A; Van Ham, L; Vanhaesebrouck, AE; Volk, HA, 2017) |
| "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intramuscular midazolam in controlling convulsive status epilepticus in children, by comparing it with rectal diazepam." | 9.20 | Efficacy and safety of intramuscular midazolam versus rectal diazepam in controlling status epilepticus in children. ( Azizi Malamiri, R; Fayezi, A; Jafari, M; Maraghi, E; Momen, AA; Nikkhah, A; Riahi, K, 2015) |
| "To examine the effectiveness of intramuscular (IM) midazolam versus intravenous (IV) lorazepam for the treatment of pediatric patients with status epilepticus (SE) in the prehospital care setting." | 9.20 | Intramuscular midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for the prehospital treatment of status epilepticus in the pediatric population. ( Conwit, R; Durkalski-Mauldin, VL; Lewandowski, C; Lowenstein, DH; Mahajan, PV; Nicholas, K; Silbergleit, R; Welch, RD, 2015) |
| "To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ketamine (KE) in the management of refractory convulsive status epilepticus (RSE) in children." | 9.16 | Efficacy and safety of ketamine in refractory status epilepticus in children. ( Cecchi, C; Guerrini, R; Ilvento, L; L'Erario, M; Mirabile, L; Pisano, T; Rosati, A, 2012) |
| "To compare the efficacy and tolerability of buccal midazolam with rectal diazepam as emergency treatment in residential adults with convulsive or non-convulsive serial seizures or status epilepticus (SE), and ascertain the preference between the two treatment options among the patients and the nursing staff." | 9.15 | Buccal midazolam or rectal diazepam for treatment of residential adult patients with serial seizures or status epilepticus. ( Lossius, MI; Nakken, KO, 2011) |
| " RAMPART (Rapid Anticonvulsant Medication Prior to Arrival Trial) is a double-blind randomized clinical trial to determine if the efficacy of IM midazolam is noninferior by a margin of 10% to that of intravenous (IV) lorazepam in patients treated by paramedics for status epilepticus (SE)." | 9.15 | RAMPART (Rapid Anticonvulsant Medication Prior to Arrival Trial): a double-blind randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of intramuscular midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam in the prehospital treatment of status epilepticus by paramedics. ( Conwit, R; Durkalski, V; Lowenstein, D; Silbergleit, R, 2011) |
| "We reviewed the efficacy and a pharmacokinetics of intranasal midazolam (MDL) for status epilepticus in childhood epilepsies." | 9.14 | [Study of an efficacy and a pharmacokinetics of intranasal midazolam for status epilepticus on childhood epilepsy]. ( Inoue, T; Ishikawa, J; Kawawaki, H; Kimura, S; Kuki, I; Nukui, M; Okazaki, S; Shiomi, M; Togawa, M; Tomiwa, K, 2010) |
| "Although the efficacy of midazolam in refractory status epilepticus and as a first-line agent in children with established status epilepticus has been reported, differences in starting doses, continuation method, timing of efficacy assessment, and discontinuation pose limitations in deriving a specific protocol for midazolam use." | 9.14 | Intravenous midazolam in convulsive status epilepticus in children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. ( Bazigou, H; Karagounis, P; Kotsalis, C; Papavasiliou, AS; Paraskevoulakos, E; Rizou, C, 2009) |
| "To assess the efficacy of high-dose midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus in children." | 9.12 | High-dose midazolam therapy for refractory status epilepticus in children. ( Gibbons, E; Morrison, G; Whitehouse, WP, 2006) |
| "Continuous midazolam infusion is commonly used for the management of status epilepticus (SE)." | 9.11 | Efficacy of continuous midazolam infusion and mortality in childhood refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus. ( Aydin, A; Gulez, P; Kavakli, T; Ozdemir, D; Uran, N; Yendur, G, 2005) |
| "The efficacy of a combination of midazolam and phenytoin in treating generalized convulsive status epilepticus in children was studied retrospectively." | 9.11 | Status epilepticus: clinical analysis of a treatment protocol based on midazolam and phenytoin. ( Arts, WF; Brevoord, JC; de Hoog, M; Joosten, KF; van Rooij, RW, 2005) |
| "We studied the efficacy and safety of midazolam given as a continuous infusion in the treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus (RGCSE)." | 9.10 | Continuous infusion of midazolam in the treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus. ( Müngen, B; Ulvi, H; Yigiter, R; Yoldas, T, 2002) |
| "Eighty-two episodes of status epilepticus or clusters of seizures in 45 children were treated with intravenous midazolam." | 9.10 | [Eight-year study on the treatment with intravenous midazolam for status epilepticus and clusters of seizures in children]. ( Minagawa, K; Watanabe, T, 2003) |
| "The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of continuous midazolam and diazepam infusion for the control of refractory status epilepticus." | 9.10 | Continuous midazolam versus diazepam infusion for refractory convulsive status epilepticus. ( Jayashree, M; Murthy, A; Singhi, P; Singhi, S, 2002) |
| " We aimed to find out whether there are differences in efficacy and adverse events between buccal administration of liquid midazolam and rectal administration of liquid diazepam in the acute treatment of seizures." | 9.09 | Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence: a randomised trial. ( Besag, FM; Neville, BG; Scott, RC, 1999) |
| "To explore outcome differences between propofol and midazolam (MDL) therapy for refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 9.09 | Propofol and midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ( Bertram, EH; Bleck, TP; Prasad, A; Worrall, BB, 2001) |
| "In a tertiary referral centre, midazolam infusion was tried as treatment for 20 children with status epilepticus over a period of two years." | 9.08 | Continuous midazolam infusion as treatment of status epilepticus. ( Chacko, A; Joshi, R; Koul, RL; Raj Aithala, G; Seif Elbualy, M, 1997) |
| "Midazolam infusion was tried as the treatment for 48 episodes of refractory status epilepticus or a cluster of seizures in 16 children." | 9.08 | [Efficacy of continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam in the treatment of status epilepticus in children]. ( Minagawa, K; Yanai, S, 1998) |
| "Midazolam, lorazepam, and diazepam were recommended as emergent initial therapy for status epilepticus." | 8.93 | A Comparison of Midazolam, Lorazepam, and Diazepam for the Treatment of Status Epilepticus in Children: A Network Meta-analysis. ( Fan, JC; Feng, K; Wang, HY; Wen, B; Yang, ZB; Zhao, ZY, 2016) |
| "Intranasal and buccal midazolam have recently emerged as possible alternatives to intravenous or rectal diazepam or intravenous lorazepam in the treatment of early status epilepticus (SE)." | 8.91 | A Common Reference-Based Indirect Comparison Meta-Analysis of Buccal versus Intranasal Midazolam for Early Status Epilepticus. ( Brigo, F; Nardone, R; Tezzon, F; Trinka, E, 2015) |
| "A systematic literature search and review of the best evidence for intensive care treatment of refractory status epilepticus in children using continuous infusion of midazolam or anesthetic agents." | 8.90 | Intensive care treatment of uncontrolled status epilepticus in children: systematic literature search of midazolam and anesthetic therapies*. ( Tasker, RC; Wilkes, R, 2014) |
| "To discuss mainly the use of propofol and barbiturates in the anesthesia of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 8.84 | Propofol and barbiturates for the anesthesia of refractory convulsive status epilepticus: pros and cons. ( Kälviäinen, R; Parviainen, I; Ruokonen, E, 2007) |
| "New continuous infusion antiepileptic drugs (cIV-AEDs) offer alternatives to pentobarbital for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 8.81 | Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review. ( Claassen, J; Emerson, RG; Hirsch, LJ; Mayer, SA, 2002) |
| "To model bolus dosing, infusion rate, and weaning rate on theoretical serum concentration of midazolam and pentobarbital used in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 8.31 | Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus. ( Akhondi-Asl, A; Au, CC; LaRovere, K; Luchette, M; Tasker, RC, 2023) |
| " Severity of seizures were quantified for an hour and treated with midazolam (3 mg/kg, i." | 8.31 | Disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W) in mixed-sex cohorts of a rat soman (GD) model of epilepsy. ( Almanza, A; Bryant, E; Carlo, AM; Corson, BE; Gage, M; Kharate, M; Mafuta, C; Massey, N; Meyer, C; Ostrander, M; Rao, NS; Samidurai, M; Showman, L; Thippeswamy, T; Trevino, L; Vasanthi, SS; Wachter, L; Wang, C; Wohlgemuth, M, 2023) |
| "We sought to describe the prevalence of midazolam treatment failure in children with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and define a threshold dose associated with diminishing frequency of seizure cessation." | 8.12 | High-Dose Midazolam for Pediatric Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. ( Daniels, ZS; George, AL; Goldstein, J; Rychlik, K; Smith, C; Srdanovic, N, 2022) |
| "Guidelines recommend 10-mg intramuscular midazolam as the first-line treatment option for status epilepticus." | 8.12 | Real-World Midazolam Use and Outcomes With Out-of-Hospital Treatment of Status Epilepticus in the United States. ( Betjemann, JP; Burke, JF; Crowe, RP; Guterman, EL; Josephson, SA; Lowenstein, DH; Newman, TB; Sporer, KA, 2022) |
| "Acute intoxication with tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) can trigger status epilepticus (SE) in humans." | 8.02 | Strain differences in the extent of brain injury in mice after tetramethylenedisulfotetramine-induced status epilepticus. ( Boosalis, CA; Bruun, DA; Calsbeek, JJ; Chaudhari, AJ; Garbow, JR; González, EA; Harvey, DJ; Lein, PJ; Rogawski, MA; Rowland, DJ; Saito, NH; Zolkowska, D, 2021) |
| "To compare the efficacy of intravenous midazolam and diazepam in the management of status epilepticus seizures in children." | 8.02 | A comparison of intravenous midazolam and diazepam in management of status epilepticus in children. ( Abbas, G; Hanif, M; Kazmi, A; Khurshid, A; Mallhi, TH; Riaz, N; Saleem, U; Shah, A; Shah, S, 2021) |
| "Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate (OMM) with suitable training to family and carers is being increasingly recognized as the treatment of choice to mitigate the development of status epilepticus in non-hospital community settings." | 8.02 | Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate: Use and effectiveness in adults with epilepsy in the UK. ( Boyle, A; Goodwin, M; Grant, A; Higgins, R; Hudson, S; Pearson, J; Reuber, M; Shankar, R; Storer, A; Toland, J, 2021) |
| "Combinations of midazolam, allopregnanolone, and perampanel were assessed for antiseizure activity in a rat diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) status epilepticus model." | 7.96 | Allopregnanolone and perampanel as adjuncts to midazolam for treating diisopropylfluorophosphate-induced status epilepticus in rats. ( Bruun, DA; Calsbeek, J; Dhir, A; González, E; Guignet, M; Harvey, DJ; Lein, PJ; Rogawski, MA; Saito, N; Tancredi, DJ; Tsai, YH; Vu, J, 2020) |
| "This study provides Class III evidence that for patients with status epilepticus, higher doses of midazolam led to a reduced use of rescue therapy without an increased need for ventilatory support." | 7.96 | Prehospital midazolam use and outcomes among patients with out-of-hospital status epilepticus. ( Betjemann, JP; Burke, JF; Guterman, EL; Josephson, SA; Lowenstein, DH; Sanford, JK; Sporer, KA; Zhang, L, 2020) |
| "Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is often treated with midazolam boluses and continuous infusions, but there is considerable variability in dosing and efficacy." | 7.96 | Assessment of midazolam pharmacokinetics in the treatment of status epilepticus. ( Abend, NS; Francoeur, C; Ichord, R; Topjian, AA; Welsh, SS; Zuppa, AF, 2020) |
| "We sought to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of intranasal midazolam (in-MDZ) as first-line inhospital therapy in patients with status epilepticus (SE) during continuous EEG recording." | 7.91 | Intranasal midazolam as first-line inhospital treatment for status epilepticus: a pharmaco-EEG cohort study. ( Bauer, S; Kay, L; Merkel, N; Reif, PS; Rosenow, F; Schubert-Bast, S; Strzelczyk, A; von Blomberg, A; Willems, LM, 2019) |
| "This open-label, prospective, multicenter study involved 34 Japanese children with status epilepticus unresponsive to diazepam." | 7.91 | Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous midazolam in Japanese children with status epilepticus. ( Fukuyama, T; Hamano, SI; Miki, M; Osawa, M; Sugai, K; Tabata, T, 2019) |
| "The objective of the study was to compare the performance of intravenous (IV) lorazepam (IVL) and intranasal midazolam (INM) for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in adults admitted to the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) in whom seizures were captured on continuous video-electroencephalogram." | 7.91 | Comparison of intranasal midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in the adult epilepsy monitoring unit. ( Bautista, C; Cotugno, S; Deng, Y; Dhakar, MB; Farooque, P; Hirsch, LJ; Maciel, CB; McKimmy, D; Owusu, KA; Sukumar, N, 2019) |
| "Fosphenytoin (fPHT) and continuous intravenous midazolam (cMDL) had commonly been used as second-line treatments for pediatric status epilepticus (SE) in Japan." | 7.88 | Fosphenytoin vs. continuous midazolam for pediatric febrile status epilepticus. ( Fujita, K; Iijima, K; Ishida, Y; Kurosawa, H; Maruyama, A; Morioka, I; Nagase, H; Nishiyama, M; Nozu, K; Takada, S; Tanaka, T; Taniguchi-Ikeda, M; Tomioka, K; Toyoshima, D; Uetani, Y; Yamaguchi, H, 2018) |
| "Exposure to chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs), such as soman (GD), can induce status epilepticus (SE) that becomes refractory to benzodiazepines when treatment is delayed, leading to increased risk of epileptogenesis, severe neuropathology, and long-term behavioral and cognitive deficits." | 7.88 | Soman-induced status epilepticus, epileptogenesis, and neuropathology in carboxylesterase knockout mice treated with midazolam. ( de Araujo Furtado, M; Du, F; Kundrick, E; Lumley, LA; Marrero-Rosado, B; O'Brien, S; Schultz, CR; Stone, M; Walker, K, 2018) |
| "Midazolam and pentobarbital remain the mainstay of continuous infusion therapy for refractory status epilepticus in the pediatric patient." | 7.83 | Refractory Status Epilepticus in Children: Intention to Treat With Continuous Infusions of Midazolam and Pentobarbital. ( Abend, NS; Arya, R; Brenton, JN; Carpenter, JL; Chapman, KE; Gaillard, WD; Glauser, TA; Goldstein, J; Goodkin, HP; Helseth, AR; Jackson, MC; Kapur, K; Loddenkemper, T; Mikati, MA; Peariso, K; Sánchez Fernández, I; Tasker, RC; Wainwright, MS; Wilfong, AA; Williams, K, 2016) |
| "Benzodiazepines (BZD) are recommended as first-line treatment for status epilepticus (SE), with lorazepam (LZP) and midazolam (MDZ) being the most widely used drugs and part of current treatment guidelines." | 7.81 | Practice variability and efficacy of clonazepam, lorazepam, and midazolam in status epilepticus: A multicenter comparison. ( Alvarez, V; Drislane, FW; Dworetzky, BA; Lee, JW; Novy, J; Rossetti, AO; Westover, MB, 2015) |
| "Buccal midazolam has emerged as an effective alternative to rectal diazepam in the management of paediatric status epilepticus." | 7.80 | Carers' express positive views on the acceptability, efficacy and safety of buccal midazolam for paediatric status epilepticus. ( Baheerathan, A; Hussain, N; Khan, A; Setty, G, 2014) |
| "We conducted a retrospective study to compare the outcome of intravenous midazolam infusion without electroencephalography or targeted temperature management and barbiturate coma therapy with electroencephalography and targeted temperature management for treating convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus." | 7.80 | Midazolam fails to prevent neurological damage in children with convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus. ( Fujita, K; Maruyama, A; Nagase, H; Nakagawa, T; Nishiyama, M; Saji, Y, 2014) |
| "Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) requires aggressive management with multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) often requiring the initiation of continuous infusions of propofol, midazolam, or pentobarbital to achieve adequate control in addition to intermittent agents." | 7.79 | Ketamine continuous infusion for refractory status epilepticus in a patient with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. ( Dugan, PC; Esaian, D; Fridman, D; Joset, D; Lazarovits, C, 2013) |
| "The aim of the present study was to determine an index to evaluate the efficacy and safety of midazolam (MDZ) to treat status epilepticus (SE)." | 7.76 | Blood concentrations of midazolam in status epilepticus using an appropriate condition of HPLC. ( Ishii, M; Iwasaki, T; Nonoda, Y; Osawa, M, 2010) |
| "A retrospective multicenter study was conducted, designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of midazolam for the treatment of status epilepticus." | 7.74 | Efficacy of intravenous midazolam for status epilepticus in childhood. ( Aihara, M; Haginoya, K; Hamano, S; Hayashi, K; Izumi, T; Kaneko, K; Kato, I; Matsukura, M; Minagawa, K; Miura, H; Ohtsuka, Y; Osawa, M; Sugai, K; Takahashi, T; Yamamoto, H; Yamano, T; Yamanouchi, H; Yoshikawa, H, 2007) |
| "We examined efficacy of continuous midazolam (MDL) infusion in seven episodes of refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in five children." | 7.73 | [Continuous midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus in children]. ( Fukumizu, M; Hanaoka, S; Nobutoki, T; Sasaki, M; Sugai, K, 2005) |
| "The clinical efficacy of lidocaine for convulsive status epilepticus in 53 convulsive episodes was examined in 37 children (17 males, 20 females)." | 7.73 | Intravenous lidocaine for status epilepticus during childhood. ( Eto, Y; Hamano, S; Hayakawa, M; Minamitani, M; Sugiyama, N; Tanaka, M; Yamashita, S; Yoshinari, S, 2006) |
| "Until a few years ago, rectal diazepam (RD) was the only option available to parents and carers managing prolonged seizures." | 7.73 | Community use of intranasal midazolam for managing prolonged seizures. ( Coulthard, K; Harbord, M; Kay, D; Kyrkou, M; Kyrkou, N, 2006) |
| "Buccal midazolam is effective and safe in the treatment of prolonged seizures and has the advantage of being a convenient and socially acceptable administration form." | 7.73 | [Prolonged convulsions treated with buccal midazolam in a setting of mentally retarded patients with refractory epilepsy]. ( Batista, D; Bausà, T; Elias, C; Font, D; Hijano, A; Melendez, R; Rocha, A, 2006) |
| "We investigated the efficacy and safety of midazolam given intravenously for the treatment of status epilepticus in children." | 7.72 | [Midazolam treatment for status epilepticus of children]. ( Eto, Y; Hamano, S; Mochizuki, M; Sugiyama, N; Tanaka, M, 2003) |
| "We report a 14-year-old girl with carbamazepine intoxication who developed alpha coma and status epilepticus." | 7.71 | [A case of carbamazepine intoxication with alpha coma and status epilepticus]. ( Komatsu, K; Ono, A; Sawaishi, Y; Takada, G; Yano, T, 2001) |
| "We report two patients who experienced status epilepticus after carbamazepine overdose." | 7.71 | Status epilepticus after massive carbamazepine overdose. ( Carlisle, RD; Spiller, HA, 2002) |
| " It was proposed that the late activity is a model for pharmacoresistant status epilepticus since it was also refractory to phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and midazolam." | 7.70 | Phenytoin, phenobarbital, and midazolam fail to stop status epilepticus-like activity induced by low magnesium in rat entorhinal slices, but can prevent its development. ( Dreier, JP; Heinemann, U; Zhang, CL, 1998) |
| "To implement and retrospectively evaluate a therapeutic algorithm for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus with midazolam coma." | 7.70 | Midazolam coma for refractory status epilepticus in children. ( Igartua, J; Maytal, J; Sagy, M; Silver, P, 1999) |
| "Midazolam clearance was examined in two patients with medically refractory convulsive status epilepticus." | 7.70 | Prolongation of midazolam half-life after sustained infusion for status epilepticus. ( Naritoku, DK; Sinha, S, 2000) |
| "Midazolam is a water-soluble benzodiazepine, and has recently emerged as a safe and effective treatment option after ordinary antiepileptic therapy in the management of status epilepticus." | 7.70 | Midazolam as a first-line agent for status epilepticus in children. ( Abe, T; Oda, Y; Yamazaki, S; Yoshikawa, H, 2000) |
| "We evaluated the use of midazolam versus thiopental in 50 children with refractory status epilepticus (RSE), admitted in a pediatric intensive care unit." | 7.70 | [Comparative non-randomized study with midazolam versus thiopental in children with refractory status epilepticus]. ( Löhr, A; Werneck, LC, 2000) |
| "We report on a 33-year-old female suffering from frequent complex-partial seizures who developed a non-convulsive status epilepticus after one week of antiepileptic therapy with valproate (VPA) which had been added to a basic medication with barbexaclone (BBC) in rapidly increasing dosage." | 7.68 | Temporary abolition of seizure activity by flumazenil in a case of valproate-induced non-convulsive status epilepticus. ( Steinhoff, BJ; Stodieck, SR, 1993) |
| "To determine the efficacy and safety of midazolam given as a continuous infusion in the treatment of status epilepticus in children." | 7.68 | Midazolam in the treatment of status epilepticus in children. ( Baltodano, A; Pérez, V; Rivera, R; Segnini, M, 1993) |
| "To determine the usefulness of midazolam as a therapeutic agent for status epilepticus refractory to conventional treatment." | 7.68 | Intravenous midazolam for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ( Bleck, TP; Kumar, A, 1992) |
| " Safety evaluations included respiratory depression and the frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs)." | 7.01 | A Phase 3 open-label study of the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of buccally administered midazolam hydrochloride for the treatment of status epilepticus in pediatric Japanese subjects. ( Benitez, A; Fournier, M; Kugler, AR; Takeda, S; Yoshinaga, H, 2021) |
| "To compare IN versus IV midazolam (MDZ) at the same dosage (0." | 6.90 | Comparison of intranasal versus intravenous midazolam for management of status epilepticus in dogs: A multi-center randomized parallel group clinical study. ( Bhatti, SFM; Broeckx, BJG; Cappello, R; Charalambous, M; Coates, JR; Corlazzoli, D; Cozzi, F; De Risio, L; Erath, J; Gallucci, A; Gandini, G; Hasegawa, D; Huenerfauth, E; Musteata, M; Pancotto, T; Platt, S; Porcarelli, L; Rossmeisl, JH; Tipold, A; Tirrito, F; Van Ham, L; Vanhaesebrouck, A; Volk, HA, 2019) |
| "Midazolam was given 0." | 6.70 | Eight-year study of childhood status epilepticus: midazolam infusion in management and outcome. ( Al Riyami, K; Chacko, A; Javed, H; Koul, R, 2002) |
| "Prompt treatment of status epilepticus (SE) is associated with better outcomes." | 6.52 | Nonintravenous midazolam versus intravenous or rectal diazepam for the treatment of early status epilepticus: A systematic review with meta-analysis. ( Brigo, F; Nardone, R; Tezzon, F; Trinka, E, 2015) |
| "Midazolam was administered faster than diazepam (mean difference = 2." | 6.46 | Midazolam versus diazepam for the treatment of status epilepticus in children and young adults: a meta-analysis. ( McMullan, J; Pancioli, A; Sasson, C; Silbergleit, R, 2010) |
| "Midazolam is a valuable treatment option for refractory status epilepticus, especially in pediatric patients." | 6.40 | Use of midazolam for refractory status epilepticus in pediatric patients. ( Pellock, JM, 1998) |
| "Midazolam use was effective and well tolerated, affirming its value in pediatric RSE management." | 6.40 | Midazolam and pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus. ( Holmes, GL; Riviello, JJ, 1999) |
| "An efficient, well tolerated, and safe emergency treatment with a rapid onset of action is needed to prevent seizure clusters and to terminate prolonged seizures and status epilepticus." | 5.56 | Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Concentrated Intranasal Midazolam Spray as Emergency Medication in Epilepsy Patients During Video-EEG Monitoring. ( Balaban, Ü; Fuest, S; Herrmann, E; Kay, L; Knake, S; Reif, PS; Rosenow, F; Schubert-Bast, S; Strzelczyk, A; von Blomberg, A; Zöllner, JP, 2020) |
| "To compare efficacy and safety of Intranasal and Intramuscular routes of midazolam administration in terminating seizures." | 5.51 | The IN-MIDAZ study - Intranasal midazolam in aborting seizures - An epilepsy monitoring unit based randomized controlled trial for efficacy. ( Appukuttan, R; Mehta, S; Ramanujan, B; Shaikh, RG; Singh, RK; Tripathi, M; Vibha, D, 2022) |
| "Status epilepticus is one of the most common neurological emergencies in pediatric emergency departments." | 5.51 | The effect of early midazolam infusion on the duration of pediatric status epilepticus patients. ( Akgül, F; Çağlar, A; Çitlenbik, H; Duman, M; Er, A; Öztürk, A; Türker, HD; Ulusoy, E; Yılmaz, D, 2019) |
| "Seizures were elicited within ∼8 minutes after DFP exposure that progressively developed into persistent SE lasting for hours." | 5.48 | Midazolam-Resistant Seizures and Brain Injury after Acute Intoxication of Diisopropylfluorophosphate, an Organophosphate Pesticide and Surrogate for Nerve Agents. ( Kuruba, R; Reddy, DS; Wu, X, 2018) |
| " Secondary outcomes included the rate of adverse events, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay, hospital mortality and long-term neurological outcome, assessed with the extended Glasgow outcome scale (GOS-E) at discharge and at six 6 months." | 5.43 | Midazolam and thiopental for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus: a retrospective comparison of efficacy and safety. ( Bellante, F; Créteur, J; Depondt, C; Gaspard, N; Legros, B; Taccone, FS, 2016) |
| "Status epilepticus was induced by intra-amygdala microinjection of kainic acid in 8week old C57Bl/6 mice." | 5.42 | Comparison of short-term effects of midazolam and lorazepam in the intra-amygdala kainic acid model of status epilepticus in mice. ( Diviney, M; Henshall, DC; Reynolds, JP, 2015) |
| "Lacosamide (Vimpat) is a newly licensed novel antiepileptic drug." | 5.36 | Successful treatment for refractory convulsive status epilepticus by non-parenteral lacosamide. ( Eggers, C; Hofer, T; Resch, R; Tilz, C, 2010) |
| "Propofol is a widely used rapidly acting sedating or hypnotic agent in the intensive care setting." | 5.35 | Isolated fatty liver from prolonged propofol use in a pediatric patient with refractory status epilepticus. ( Ko, DY; Rison, RA, 2009) |
| " Because it was known from the literature that the half-life of midazolam can increase at high dosage, the kinetics of midazolam (MDZ), 1'-hydroxymidazolam, and 4-hydroxymidazolam were assessed at steady state (dosage 1 mg/min) and after stopping treatment." | 5.35 | Pharmacokinetics of midazolam and metabolites in a patient with refractory status epilepticus treated with extraordinary doses of midazolam. ( Bodmer, M; Grignaschi, N; Haschke, M; Krähenbühl, S; Kummer, O; Link, B; Ruegg, S, 2008) |
| "Effective and quick management of these seizures is critical." | 5.33 | Efficacy of the ketamine-atropine combination in the delayed treatment of soman-induced status epilepticus. ( Baubichon, D; Bernabé, D; Burckhart, MF; Carpentier, P; Dorandeu, F; Four, E; Lallement, G, 2005) |
| "Midazolam (MDZ) is a recently developed short-elimination half-life benzodiazepine." | 5.29 | [Use of intravenous midazolam in status epilepticus in children]. ( Daoud, P; Desguerre, I; Lemerle, J; Moutard, ML; Rodriguez, D, 1995) |
| "To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intranasal midazolam (IN-MDZ), via a mucosal atomization device, as a first-line management option for canine status epilepticus and compare it to rectal administration of diazepam (R-DZP) for controlling status epilepticus before intravenous access is available." | 5.24 | Intranasal Midazolam versus Rectal Diazepam for the Management of Canine Status Epilepticus: A Multicenter Randomized Parallel-Group Clinical Trial. ( Bhatti, SFM; Charalambous, M; Gallucci, A; Gandini, G; Hasegawa, D; Ives, E; Jeffery, ND; Musteata, M; Platt, S; Siedenburg, J; Tipold, A; Van Ham, L; Vanhaesebrouck, AE; Volk, HA, 2017) |
| " Head-to-head trials comparing buccal versus intranasal midazolam versus rectal diazepam would provide useful information to inform the management of the first stage of convulsive status epilepticus in adults, especially when intravenous or intramuscular access is not feasible." | 5.22 | Management of the first stage of convulsive status epilepticus in adults: a systematic review of current randomised evidence. ( Aucott, L; Booth, C; Brazzelli, M; Counsell, C; Cruickshank, M; Imamura, M; Manson, P; Scotland, G, 2022) |
| "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intramuscular midazolam in controlling convulsive status epilepticus in children, by comparing it with rectal diazepam." | 5.20 | Efficacy and safety of intramuscular midazolam versus rectal diazepam in controlling status epilepticus in children. ( Azizi Malamiri, R; Fayezi, A; Jafari, M; Maraghi, E; Momen, AA; Nikkhah, A; Riahi, K, 2015) |
| "To examine the effectiveness of intramuscular (IM) midazolam versus intravenous (IV) lorazepam for the treatment of pediatric patients with status epilepticus (SE) in the prehospital care setting." | 5.20 | Intramuscular midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for the prehospital treatment of status epilepticus in the pediatric population. ( Conwit, R; Durkalski-Mauldin, VL; Lewandowski, C; Lowenstein, DH; Mahajan, PV; Nicholas, K; Silbergleit, R; Welch, RD, 2015) |
| "This was a secondary analysis of data collected as part of the Rapid Anticonvulsant Medication Prior to Arrival Trial (RAMPART), a study comparing intramuscular midazolam to intravenous lorazepam given by paramedics to patients with prehospital status epilepticus." | 5.20 | Accounting for repeat enrollments during an emergency clinical trial: the Rapid Anticonvulsant Medications Prior to Arrival Trial (RAMPART). ( Burke, JF; Durkalski, V; Meurer, WJ; Nicholas, KS; Silbergleit, R, 2015) |
| "This double-blind, randomized, noninferiority trial compared the efficacy of intramuscular midazolam with that of intravenous lorazepam for children and adults in status epilepticus treated by paramedics." | 5.16 | Intramuscular versus intravenous therapy for prehospital status epilepticus. ( Barsan, W; Conwit, R; Durkalski, V; Lowenstein, D; Palesch, Y; Pancioli, A; Silbergleit, R, 2012) |
| "To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ketamine (KE) in the management of refractory convulsive status epilepticus (RSE) in children." | 5.16 | Efficacy and safety of ketamine in refractory status epilepticus in children. ( Cecchi, C; Guerrini, R; Ilvento, L; L'Erario, M; Mirabile, L; Pisano, T; Rosati, A, 2012) |
| "To compare the efficacy and tolerability of buccal midazolam with rectal diazepam as emergency treatment in residential adults with convulsive or non-convulsive serial seizures or status epilepticus (SE), and ascertain the preference between the two treatment options among the patients and the nursing staff." | 5.15 | Buccal midazolam or rectal diazepam for treatment of residential adult patients with serial seizures or status epilepticus. ( Lossius, MI; Nakken, KO, 2011) |
| " RAMPART (Rapid Anticonvulsant Medication Prior to Arrival Trial) is a double-blind randomized clinical trial to determine if the efficacy of IM midazolam is noninferior by a margin of 10% to that of intravenous (IV) lorazepam in patients treated by paramedics for status epilepticus (SE)." | 5.15 | RAMPART (Rapid Anticonvulsant Medication Prior to Arrival Trial): a double-blind randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of intramuscular midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam in the prehospital treatment of status epilepticus by paramedics. ( Conwit, R; Durkalski, V; Lowenstein, D; Silbergleit, R, 2011) |
| "We reviewed the efficacy and a pharmacokinetics of intranasal midazolam (MDL) for status epilepticus in childhood epilepsies." | 5.14 | [Study of an efficacy and a pharmacokinetics of intranasal midazolam for status epilepticus on childhood epilepsy]. ( Inoue, T; Ishikawa, J; Kawawaki, H; Kimura, S; Kuki, I; Nukui, M; Okazaki, S; Shiomi, M; Togawa, M; Tomiwa, K, 2010) |
| "Although the efficacy of midazolam in refractory status epilepticus and as a first-line agent in children with established status epilepticus has been reported, differences in starting doses, continuation method, timing of efficacy assessment, and discontinuation pose limitations in deriving a specific protocol for midazolam use." | 5.14 | Intravenous midazolam in convulsive status epilepticus in children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. ( Bazigou, H; Karagounis, P; Kotsalis, C; Papavasiliou, AS; Paraskevoulakos, E; Rizou, C, 2009) |
| " Randomized controlled/prospective randomized trials comparing IN midazolam against IV/rectal BDZ in the treatment of acute seizures in pediatric patients were included in the meta-analysis." | 5.12 | Intranasal midazolam versus intravenous/rectal benzodiazepines for acute seizure control in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Chhabra, R; Gupta, LK; Gupta, R, 2021) |
| "To assess the efficacy of high-dose midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus in children." | 5.12 | High-dose midazolam therapy for refractory status epilepticus in children. ( Gibbons, E; Morrison, G; Whitehouse, WP, 2006) |
| "Midazolam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine, is usually given intravenously in status epilepticus." | 5.11 | Comparison of intranasal midazolam with intravenous diazepam for treating acute seizures in children. ( Mahmoudian, T; Zadeh, MM, 2004) |
| "Continuous midazolam infusion is commonly used for the management of status epilepticus (SE)." | 5.11 | Efficacy of continuous midazolam infusion and mortality in childhood refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus. ( Aydin, A; Gulez, P; Kavakli, T; Ozdemir, D; Uran, N; Yendur, G, 2005) |
| "The efficacy of a combination of midazolam and phenytoin in treating generalized convulsive status epilepticus in children was studied retrospectively." | 5.11 | Status epilepticus: clinical analysis of a treatment protocol based on midazolam and phenytoin. ( Arts, WF; Brevoord, JC; de Hoog, M; Joosten, KF; van Rooij, RW, 2005) |
| "We studied the efficacy and safety of midazolam given as a continuous infusion in the treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus (RGCSE)." | 5.10 | Continuous infusion of midazolam in the treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus. ( Müngen, B; Ulvi, H; Yigiter, R; Yoldas, T, 2002) |
| "Eighty-two episodes of status epilepticus or clusters of seizures in 45 children were treated with intravenous midazolam." | 5.10 | [Eight-year study on the treatment with intravenous midazolam for status epilepticus and clusters of seizures in children]. ( Minagawa, K; Watanabe, T, 2003) |
| "The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of continuous midazolam and diazepam infusion for the control of refractory status epilepticus." | 5.10 | Continuous midazolam versus diazepam infusion for refractory convulsive status epilepticus. ( Jayashree, M; Murthy, A; Singhi, P; Singhi, S, 2002) |
| " We aimed to find out whether there are differences in efficacy and adverse events between buccal administration of liquid midazolam and rectal administration of liquid diazepam in the acute treatment of seizures." | 5.09 | Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence: a randomised trial. ( Besag, FM; Neville, BG; Scott, RC, 1999) |
| "To explore outcome differences between propofol and midazolam (MDL) therapy for refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 5.09 | Propofol and midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ( Bertram, EH; Bleck, TP; Prasad, A; Worrall, BB, 2001) |
| "In a tertiary referral centre, midazolam infusion was tried as treatment for 20 children with status epilepticus over a period of two years." | 5.08 | Continuous midazolam infusion as treatment of status epilepticus. ( Chacko, A; Joshi, R; Koul, RL; Raj Aithala, G; Seif Elbualy, M, 1997) |
| "Midazolam infusion was tried as the treatment for 48 episodes of refractory status epilepticus or a cluster of seizures in 16 children." | 5.08 | [Efficacy of continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam in the treatment of status epilepticus in children]. ( Minagawa, K; Yanai, S, 1998) |
| " Therapeutic coma induction with midazolam, thiopentone, phenobarbitone or propofol is indicated when conventional antiepileptics fail to abort seizure." | 4.98 | High dose phenobarbitone coma in pediatric refractory status epilepticus; a retrospective case record analysis, a proposed protocol and review of literature. ( Chakrabarty, B; Gulati, S; Jauhari, P; Lodha, R; Sankar, J; Sondhi, V, 2018) |
| "Midazolam, lorazepam, and diazepam were recommended as emergent initial therapy for status epilepticus." | 4.93 | A Comparison of Midazolam, Lorazepam, and Diazepam for the Treatment of Status Epilepticus in Children: A Network Meta-analysis. ( Fan, JC; Feng, K; Wang, HY; Wen, B; Yang, ZB; Zhao, ZY, 2016) |
| "Intranasal and buccal midazolam have recently emerged as possible alternatives to intravenous or rectal diazepam or intravenous lorazepam in the treatment of early status epilepticus (SE)." | 4.91 | A Common Reference-Based Indirect Comparison Meta-Analysis of Buccal versus Intranasal Midazolam for Early Status Epilepticus. ( Brigo, F; Nardone, R; Tezzon, F; Trinka, E, 2015) |
| "A systematic literature search and review of the best evidence for intensive care treatment of refractory status epilepticus in children using continuous infusion of midazolam or anesthetic agents." | 4.90 | Intensive care treatment of uncontrolled status epilepticus in children: systematic literature search of midazolam and anesthetic therapies*. ( Tasker, RC; Wilkes, R, 2014) |
| " This review of refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus summarizes recent pediatric case series regarding definitions, the second-tier AED therapies once initial anticonvulsants have failed, and the experience of high-dose midazolam, barbiturate anesthesia, and volatile anesthetics for uncontrolled status epilepticus." | 4.89 | Pediatric intensive care treatment of uncontrolled status epilepticus. ( Tasker, RC; Wilkes, R, 2013) |
| "Status epilepticus (SE) refractory to benzodiazepines and other antiepileptic agents is managed with intravenous anesthetic compounds, such as thiopental, propofol or midazolam." | 4.85 | [Drug treatment of refractory status epilepticus]. ( Rossetti, AO; Santoli, F, 2009) |
| "Lorazepam is better than diazepam or phenytoin alone for cessation of seizures and carries a lower risk of continuation of status epilepticus requiring a different drug or general anaesthesia." | 4.84 | Anticonvulsant therapy for status epilepticus. ( Al-Roomi, K; Krishnan, PR; Prasad, K; Sequeira, R, 2007) |
| "To discuss mainly the use of propofol and barbiturates in the anesthesia of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 4.84 | Propofol and barbiturates for the anesthesia of refractory convulsive status epilepticus: pros and cons. ( Kälviäinen, R; Parviainen, I; Ruokonen, E, 2007) |
| "While the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (SE) relies on the use of anesthetic agents, mostly barbiturates, propofol, or midazolam, the study of the available literature discloses that the evidence level is low." | 4.84 | Which anesthetic should be used in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus? ( Rossetti, AO, 2007) |
| "Lorazepam is better than diazepam or phenytoin alone for cessation of seizures and carries a lower risk of continuation of status epilepticus requiring a different drug or general anaesthesia." | 4.82 | Anticonvulsant therapy for status epilepticus. ( Al-Roomi, K; Krishnan, PR; Prasad, K; Sequeira, R, 2005) |
| "New continuous infusion antiepileptic drugs (cIV-AEDs) offer alternatives to pentobarbital for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 4.81 | Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review. ( Claassen, J; Emerson, RG; Hirsch, LJ; Mayer, SA, 2002) |
| "This project aimed to retrospectively obtain, review, and extract key safety data from medical records of participants enrolled in RAMPART, the NIH-supported Rapid Anticonvulsant Medication Prior to ARrival Trial of intramuscular midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for pre-hospital treatment of status epilepticus, to support a US new drug application (NDA) for intramuscular midazolam." | 4.31 | The Midazolam RAMPART Study Medical Records Project: A Unique Use of Real-World Data in a Complex Collaborative Partnership to Support a New Drug Application. ( Bengelink, EM; Durkalski, V; Sherman, NA; Silbergleit, R; Wolter, KD, 2023) |
| "To model bolus dosing, infusion rate, and weaning rate on theoretical serum concentration of midazolam and pentobarbital used in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 4.31 | Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus. ( Akhondi-Asl, A; Au, CC; LaRovere, K; Luchette, M; Tasker, RC, 2023) |
| "The neurosteroid allopregnanolone (ALLO) is under investigation as a treatment for benzodiazepine-refractory status epilepticus (SE)." | 4.31 | Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of intravenous allopregnanolone with and without midazolam pretreatment in two healthy dogs. ( Aleman, M; Bruun, DA; Chen, YJ; Lein, PJ; Ma, B; Rogawski, MA; Smiley-Jewell, SM; Wu, CY; Zolkowska, D, 2023) |
| " Severity of seizures were quantified for an hour and treated with midazolam (3 mg/kg, i." | 4.31 | Disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W) in mixed-sex cohorts of a rat soman (GD) model of epilepsy. ( Almanza, A; Bryant, E; Carlo, AM; Corson, BE; Gage, M; Kharate, M; Mafuta, C; Massey, N; Meyer, C; Ostrander, M; Rao, NS; Samidurai, M; Showman, L; Thippeswamy, T; Trevino, L; Vasanthi, SS; Wachter, L; Wang, C; Wohlgemuth, M, 2023) |
| "PS was characterized by 1) convulsive seizures shorter than 15 min, 2) seizures treatable with small doses of midazolam, and 3) autonomic symptoms." | 4.12 | Differentiating early clinical features of Panayiotopoulos syndrome from acute encephalopathy. ( Ishiguro, A; Kawakami, S; Kubota, M; Nagata, C; Terashima, H, 2022) |
| "We sought to describe the prevalence of midazolam treatment failure in children with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and define a threshold dose associated with diminishing frequency of seizure cessation." | 4.12 | High-Dose Midazolam for Pediatric Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. ( Daniels, ZS; George, AL; Goldstein, J; Rychlik, K; Smith, C; Srdanovic, N, 2022) |
| "Guidelines recommend 10-mg intramuscular midazolam as the first-line treatment option for status epilepticus." | 4.12 | Real-World Midazolam Use and Outcomes With Out-of-Hospital Treatment of Status Epilepticus in the United States. ( Betjemann, JP; Burke, JF; Crowe, RP; Guterman, EL; Josephson, SA; Lowenstein, DH; Newman, TB; Sporer, KA, 2022) |
| "Acute intoxication with tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) can trigger status epilepticus (SE) in humans." | 4.02 | Strain differences in the extent of brain injury in mice after tetramethylenedisulfotetramine-induced status epilepticus. ( Boosalis, CA; Bruun, DA; Calsbeek, JJ; Chaudhari, AJ; Garbow, JR; González, EA; Harvey, DJ; Lein, PJ; Rogawski, MA; Rowland, DJ; Saito, NH; Zolkowska, D, 2021) |
| "The development of refractory status epilepticus (SE) induced by sarin intoxication presents a therapeutic challenge." | 4.02 | Neuroprotection by delayed triple therapy following sarin nerve agent insult in the rat. ( Baranes, S; Chapman, S; David, T; Dekel Jaoui, H; Efrati, R; Egoz, I; Gez, R; Gore, A; Grauer, E; Lazar, S; Neufeld-Cohen, A; Yampolsky, M, 2021) |
| "To describe the epidemiology and outcomes of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) since the introduction of buccal midazolam and the change in International League Against Epilepsy definition of CSE to include seizures of at least 5 minutes." | 4.02 | Epidemiology and outcome of status epilepticus in children: a Scottish population cohort study. ( Brand, C; Chatterton Dickson, L; Leonard, P; Mclellan, A; Mesalles-Naranjo, O; Mitchell, C; Ramsay, A; Shetty, J, 2021) |
| "To compare the efficacy of intravenous midazolam and diazepam in the management of status epilepticus seizures in children." | 4.02 | A comparison of intravenous midazolam and diazepam in management of status epilepticus in children. ( Abbas, G; Hanif, M; Kazmi, A; Khurshid, A; Mallhi, TH; Riaz, N; Saleem, U; Shah, A; Shah, S, 2021) |
| "Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate (OMM) with suitable training to family and carers is being increasingly recognized as the treatment of choice to mitigate the development of status epilepticus in non-hospital community settings." | 4.02 | Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate: Use and effectiveness in adults with epilepsy in the UK. ( Boyle, A; Goodwin, M; Grant, A; Higgins, R; Hudson, S; Pearson, J; Reuber, M; Shankar, R; Storer, A; Toland, J, 2021) |
| "Combinations of midazolam, allopregnanolone, and perampanel were assessed for antiseizure activity in a rat diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) status epilepticus model." | 3.96 | Allopregnanolone and perampanel as adjuncts to midazolam for treating diisopropylfluorophosphate-induced status epilepticus in rats. ( Bruun, DA; Calsbeek, J; Dhir, A; González, E; Guignet, M; Harvey, DJ; Lein, PJ; Rogawski, MA; Saito, N; Tancredi, DJ; Tsai, YH; Vu, J, 2020) |
| "This study provides Class III evidence that for patients with status epilepticus, higher doses of midazolam led to a reduced use of rescue therapy without an increased need for ventilatory support." | 3.96 | Prehospital midazolam use and outcomes among patients with out-of-hospital status epilepticus. ( Betjemann, JP; Burke, JF; Guterman, EL; Josephson, SA; Lowenstein, DH; Sanford, JK; Sporer, KA; Zhang, L, 2020) |
| "Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is often treated with midazolam boluses and continuous infusions, but there is considerable variability in dosing and efficacy." | 3.96 | Assessment of midazolam pharmacokinetics in the treatment of status epilepticus. ( Abend, NS; Francoeur, C; Ichord, R; Topjian, AA; Welsh, SS; Zuppa, AF, 2020) |
| "We sought to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of intranasal midazolam (in-MDZ) as first-line inhospital therapy in patients with status epilepticus (SE) during continuous EEG recording." | 3.91 | Intranasal midazolam as first-line inhospital treatment for status epilepticus: a pharmaco-EEG cohort study. ( Bauer, S; Kay, L; Merkel, N; Reif, PS; Rosenow, F; Schubert-Bast, S; Strzelczyk, A; von Blomberg, A; Willems, LM, 2019) |
| "This open-label, prospective, multicenter study involved 34 Japanese children with status epilepticus unresponsive to diazepam." | 3.91 | Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous midazolam in Japanese children with status epilepticus. ( Fukuyama, T; Hamano, SI; Miki, M; Osawa, M; Sugai, K; Tabata, T, 2019) |
| "The objective of the study was to compare the performance of intravenous (IV) lorazepam (IVL) and intranasal midazolam (INM) for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in adults admitted to the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) in whom seizures were captured on continuous video-electroencephalogram." | 3.91 | Comparison of intranasal midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in the adult epilepsy monitoring unit. ( Bautista, C; Cotugno, S; Deng, Y; Dhakar, MB; Farooque, P; Hirsch, LJ; Maciel, CB; McKimmy, D; Owusu, KA; Sukumar, N, 2019) |
| " This study aimed to analyze the effects of midazolam-induced BS on the occurrence outcomes in refractory status epilepticus patients." | 3.88 | Does burst-suppression achieve seizure control in refractory status epilepticus? ( Chisurajinda, S; Geater, A; Phabphal, K; Somboon, T; Unwongse, K, 2018) |
| "Fosphenytoin (fPHT) and continuous intravenous midazolam (cMDL) had commonly been used as second-line treatments for pediatric status epilepticus (SE) in Japan." | 3.88 | Fosphenytoin vs. continuous midazolam for pediatric febrile status epilepticus. ( Fujita, K; Iijima, K; Ishida, Y; Kurosawa, H; Maruyama, A; Morioka, I; Nagase, H; Nishiyama, M; Nozu, K; Takada, S; Tanaka, T; Taniguchi-Ikeda, M; Tomioka, K; Toyoshima, D; Uetani, Y; Yamaguchi, H, 2018) |
| "Exposure to chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs), such as soman (GD), can induce status epilepticus (SE) that becomes refractory to benzodiazepines when treatment is delayed, leading to increased risk of epileptogenesis, severe neuropathology, and long-term behavioral and cognitive deficits." | 3.88 | Soman-induced status epilepticus, epileptogenesis, and neuropathology in carboxylesterase knockout mice treated with midazolam. ( de Araujo Furtado, M; Du, F; Kundrick, E; Lumley, LA; Marrero-Rosado, B; O'Brien, S; Schultz, CR; Stone, M; Walker, K, 2018) |
| " She went on to have several episodes of non-convulsive status epilepticus also with similar periodicity, which would abate only with midazolam infusion, without the need for ventilatory support." | 3.83 | A case of recurrent status epilepticus and successful management with progesterone. ( Arora, A; Dash, D; Malhotra, V; Mehta, S; Ramanujam, B; Tripathi, M, 2016) |
| "Intravenous diazepam has been a first-line therapy to stop seizures in children for many years." | 3.83 | Intranasal midazolam for seizure cessation in the community setting. ( Goldman, RD; Zelcer, M, 2016) |
| "Midazolam and pentobarbital remain the mainstay of continuous infusion therapy for refractory status epilepticus in the pediatric patient." | 3.83 | Refractory Status Epilepticus in Children: Intention to Treat With Continuous Infusions of Midazolam and Pentobarbital. ( Abend, NS; Arya, R; Brenton, JN; Carpenter, JL; Chapman, KE; Gaillard, WD; Glauser, TA; Goldstein, J; Goodkin, HP; Helseth, AR; Jackson, MC; Kapur, K; Loddenkemper, T; Mikati, MA; Peariso, K; Sánchez Fernández, I; Tasker, RC; Wainwright, MS; Wilfong, AA; Williams, K, 2016) |
| " The purpose of this report is to describe a girl with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) who presented with a 96-h refractory encephalopathy and nonischemic hemiparesis and who was identified to have infraslow status epilepticus (ISSE), which successfully resolved after midazolam administration." | 3.81 | Infraslow status epilepticus: A new form of subclinical status epilepticus recorded in a child with Sturge-Weber syndrome. ( Bello-Espinosa, LE, 2015) |
| "Benzodiazepines (BZD) are recommended as first-line treatment for status epilepticus (SE), with lorazepam (LZP) and midazolam (MDZ) being the most widely used drugs and part of current treatment guidelines." | 3.81 | Practice variability and efficacy of clonazepam, lorazepam, and midazolam in status epilepticus: A multicenter comparison. ( Alvarez, V; Drislane, FW; Dworetzky, BA; Lee, JW; Novy, J; Rossetti, AO; Westover, MB, 2015) |
| "Status epilepticus in children was characterized by heterogeneous etiology, prolonged duration and commonly good response to midazolam only given in high doses." | 3.81 | Etiology, clinical course and response to the treatment of status epilepticus in children: A 16-year single-center experience based on 602 episodes of status epilepticus. ( Djuric, M; Jankovic, B; Kravljanac, R; Pekmezovic, T, 2015) |
| "In a rat model of status epilepticus (SE) induced by lithium and pilocarpine and refractory to midazolam, deep hypothermia (20 °C for 30 min) reduced EEG power over 50-fold, stopped SE within 12 min, and reduced EEG spikes by 87%." | 3.81 | Deep hypothermia for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ( Baldwin, R; Gezalian, M; Niquet, J; Wasterlain, CG, 2015) |
| "Inflammation was induced by injecting poly(I:C) (pIC 10 mg/kg, postnatal day 12-14), seizure was induced by injecting pilocarpine hydrochloride (PILO 200 mg/kg, postnatal day 15) into C57BL/6J mice, and the pIC+PILO mice were used as the iSE model (miSE)." | 3.81 | Benzodiazepines induce sequelae in immature mice with inflammation-induced status epilepticus. ( Hirai, S; Morio, T; Nakajima, K; Okado, H, 2015) |
| "Buccal midazolam has emerged as an effective alternative to rectal diazepam in the management of paediatric status epilepticus." | 3.80 | Carers' express positive views on the acceptability, efficacy and safety of buccal midazolam for paediatric status epilepticus. ( Baheerathan, A; Hussain, N; Khan, A; Setty, G, 2014) |
| "We conducted a retrospective study to compare the outcome of intravenous midazolam infusion without electroencephalography or targeted temperature management and barbiturate coma therapy with electroencephalography and targeted temperature management for treating convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus." | 3.80 | Midazolam fails to prevent neurological damage in children with convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus. ( Fujita, K; Maruyama, A; Nagase, H; Nakagawa, T; Nishiyama, M; Saji, Y, 2014) |
| "To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a simple linear midazolam-based protocol for the management of impending status epilepticus in children up to 18 years of age." | 3.80 | Quality assurance evaluation of a simple linear protocol for the treatment of impending status epilepticus in a pediatric emergency department 2 years postimplementation. ( Diksic, D; McGillivray, D; Mok, E; Tourigny-Ruel, G, 2014) |
| "Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) requires aggressive management with multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) often requiring the initiation of continuous infusions of propofol, midazolam, or pentobarbital to achieve adequate control in addition to intermittent agents." | 3.79 | Ketamine continuous infusion for refractory status epilepticus in a patient with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. ( Dugan, PC; Esaian, D; Fridman, D; Joset, D; Lazarovits, C, 2013) |
| " Soman, when not lethal, can induce status epilepticus (SE), brain damage, histological lesions, and profound cerebral metabolic disorders as revealed using (1)H HRMAS NMR." | 3.78 | Prediction of neuroprotective treatment efficiency using a HRMAS NMR-based statistical model of refractory status epilepticus on mouse: a metabolomic approach supported by histology. ( Carpentier, P; Dorandeu, F; Fauvelle, F; Foquin, A; Testylier, G, 2012) |
| "A 13-month-old male who ingested 20 diphenhydramine (25 mg) tablets presented with seizures and ultimately progressed to status epilepticus and wide-complex tachycardia." | 3.77 | Survival after diphenhydramine ingestion with hemodialysis in a toddler. ( Hendrickson, RG; Horowitz, BZ; McKeown, NJ; West, PL, 2011) |
| "Rectal diazepam is established as a standard rescue or emergency treatment for seizure or status epilepticus; however, the rectal route of administration has not been universally accepted." | 3.76 | A comparison of midazolam nasal spray and diazepam rectal solution for the residential treatment of seizure exacerbations. ( Bertram, E; de Haan, GJ; Doelman, G; Edelbroek, P; van der Geest, P, 2010) |
| "The aim of the present study was to determine an index to evaluate the efficacy and safety of midazolam (MDZ) to treat status epilepticus (SE)." | 3.76 | Blood concentrations of midazolam in status epilepticus using an appropriate condition of HPLC. ( Ishii, M; Iwasaki, T; Nonoda, Y; Osawa, M, 2010) |
| " Rapid control of status epilepticus with midazolam has been demonstrated in 2 previous studies with complete clinical and electrographic response in neonates who did not respond to phenobarbital and phenytoin." | 3.74 | Successful management of refractory neonatal seizures with midazolam. ( Kosofsky, BE; LaMothe, J; Nangia, S; Sirsi, D; Solomon, GE, 2008) |
| "The objective of this investigation was to characterize quantitatively the time-dependent changes in midazolam (MDL) efficacy in the silent period after induction of status epilepticus (SE) in rats." | 3.74 | Decreased Efficacy of GABAA-receptor modulation by midazolam in the kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy. ( Danhof, M; Gunput, RA; Liefaard, LC; Voskuyl, RA, 2007) |
| "A retrospective multicenter study was conducted, designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of midazolam for the treatment of status epilepticus." | 3.74 | Efficacy of intravenous midazolam for status epilepticus in childhood. ( Aihara, M; Haginoya, K; Hamano, S; Hayashi, K; Izumi, T; Kaneko, K; Kato, I; Matsukura, M; Minagawa, K; Miura, H; Ohtsuka, Y; Osawa, M; Sugai, K; Takahashi, T; Yamamoto, H; Yamano, T; Yamanouchi, H; Yoshikawa, H, 2007) |
| "We examined efficacy of continuous midazolam (MDL) infusion in seven episodes of refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in five children." | 3.73 | [Continuous midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus in children]. ( Fukumizu, M; Hanaoka, S; Nobutoki, T; Sasaki, M; Sugai, K, 2005) |
| "The clinical efficacy of lidocaine for convulsive status epilepticus in 53 convulsive episodes was examined in 37 children (17 males, 20 females)." | 3.73 | Intravenous lidocaine for status epilepticus during childhood. ( Eto, Y; Hamano, S; Hayakawa, M; Minamitani, M; Sugiyama, N; Tanaka, M; Yamashita, S; Yoshinari, S, 2006) |
| "Until a few years ago, rectal diazepam (RD) was the only option available to parents and carers managing prolonged seizures." | 3.73 | Community use of intranasal midazolam for managing prolonged seizures. ( Coulthard, K; Harbord, M; Kay, D; Kyrkou, M; Kyrkou, N, 2006) |
| "Buccal midazolam is effective and safe in the treatment of prolonged seizures and has the advantage of being a convenient and socially acceptable administration form." | 3.73 | [Prolonged convulsions treated with buccal midazolam in a setting of mentally retarded patients with refractory epilepsy]. ( Batista, D; Bausà, T; Elias, C; Font, D; Hijano, A; Melendez, R; Rocha, A, 2006) |
| "We investigated the efficacy and safety of midazolam given intravenously for the treatment of status epilepticus in children." | 3.72 | [Midazolam treatment for status epilepticus of children]. ( Eto, Y; Hamano, S; Mochizuki, M; Sugiyama, N; Tanaka, M, 2003) |
| " This report presents three infants treated with midazolam for status epilepticus and repetitive seizures who proved resistant to other anticonvulsants (phenobarbitone, lidocaine)." | 3.72 | Burst suppression on amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram may be induced by midazolam: a report on three cases. ( Bos, AF; Brouwer, OF; ter Horst, HJ, 2004) |
| "We report a 14-year-old girl with carbamazepine intoxication who developed alpha coma and status epilepticus." | 3.71 | [A case of carbamazepine intoxication with alpha coma and status epilepticus]. ( Komatsu, K; Ono, A; Sawaishi, Y; Takada, G; Yano, T, 2001) |
| "We report two patients who experienced status epilepticus after carbamazepine overdose." | 3.71 | Status epilepticus after massive carbamazepine overdose. ( Carlisle, RD; Spiller, HA, 2002) |
| " It was proposed that the late activity is a model for pharmacoresistant status epilepticus since it was also refractory to phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and midazolam." | 3.70 | Phenytoin, phenobarbital, and midazolam fail to stop status epilepticus-like activity induced by low magnesium in rat entorhinal slices, but can prevent its development. ( Dreier, JP; Heinemann, U; Zhang, CL, 1998) |
| "To implement and retrospectively evaluate a therapeutic algorithm for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus with midazolam coma." | 3.70 | Midazolam coma for refractory status epilepticus in children. ( Igartua, J; Maytal, J; Sagy, M; Silver, P, 1999) |
| "Midazolam clearance was examined in two patients with medically refractory convulsive status epilepticus." | 3.70 | Prolongation of midazolam half-life after sustained infusion for status epilepticus. ( Naritoku, DK; Sinha, S, 2000) |
| "Midazolam is a water-soluble benzodiazepine, and has recently emerged as a safe and effective treatment option after ordinary antiepileptic therapy in the management of status epilepticus." | 3.70 | Midazolam as a first-line agent for status epilepticus in children. ( Abe, T; Oda, Y; Yamazaki, S; Yoshikawa, H, 2000) |
| "We evaluated the use of midazolam versus thiopental in 50 children with refractory status epilepticus (RSE), admitted in a pediatric intensive care unit." | 3.70 | [Comparative non-randomized study with midazolam versus thiopental in children with refractory status epilepticus]. ( Löhr, A; Werneck, LC, 2000) |
| "We report on a 33-year-old female suffering from frequent complex-partial seizures who developed a non-convulsive status epilepticus after one week of antiepileptic therapy with valproate (VPA) which had been added to a basic medication with barbexaclone (BBC) in rapidly increasing dosage." | 3.68 | Temporary abolition of seizure activity by flumazenil in a case of valproate-induced non-convulsive status epilepticus. ( Steinhoff, BJ; Stodieck, SR, 1993) |
| "To determine the efficacy and safety of midazolam given as a continuous infusion in the treatment of status epilepticus in children." | 3.68 | Midazolam in the treatment of status epilepticus in children. ( Baltodano, A; Pérez, V; Rivera, R; Segnini, M, 1993) |
| "To determine the usefulness of midazolam as a therapeutic agent for status epilepticus refractory to conventional treatment." | 3.68 | Intravenous midazolam for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ( Bleck, TP; Kumar, A, 1992) |
| "Midazolam meleate, a water soluble 1,4 benzodiazepine, was used intravenously in 20 patients suffering seizures, of whom 12 were in status epilepticus." | 3.67 | Midazolam: an effective intravenous agent for seizure control. ( Galvin, GM; Jelinek, GA, 1987) |
| "Despite new antiseizure medications, the development of cholinergic-induced refractory status epilepticus (RSE) continues to be a therapeutic challenge as pharmacoresistance to benzodiazepines and other antiseizure medications quickly develops." | 3.01 | Treatment of cholinergic-induced status epilepticus with polytherapy targeting GABA and glutamate receptors. ( de Araujo Furtado, M; Lumley, L; Nguyen, D; Niquet, J, 2023) |
| "Lorazepam was most frequently administered intravenously in the emergency department, midazolam intramuscularly or intravenously by the emergency medical services personnel, and diazepam rectally prior to ambulance arrival." | 3.01 | Patterns of benzodiazepine underdosing in the Established Status Epilepticus Treatment Trial. ( Bleck, TP; Chamberlain, JM; Cloyd, JC; Cock, HR; Coles, LD; Conwit, RA; Elm, JJ; Fountain, NB; Kapur, J; Lowenstein, DH; Rosenthal, ES; Sathe, AG; Shinnar, S; Silbergleit, R; Underwood, E, 2021) |
| " Safety evaluations included respiratory depression and the frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs)." | 3.01 | A Phase 3 open-label study of the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of buccally administered midazolam hydrochloride for the treatment of status epilepticus in pediatric Japanese subjects. ( Benitez, A; Fournier, M; Kugler, AR; Takeda, S; Yoshinaga, H, 2021) |
| "To compare IN versus IV midazolam (MDZ) at the same dosage (0." | 2.90 | Comparison of intranasal versus intravenous midazolam for management of status epilepticus in dogs: A multi-center randomized parallel group clinical study. ( Bhatti, SFM; Broeckx, BJG; Cappello, R; Charalambous, M; Coates, JR; Corlazzoli, D; Cozzi, F; De Risio, L; Erath, J; Gallucci, A; Gandini, G; Hasegawa, D; Huenerfauth, E; Musteata, M; Pancotto, T; Platt, S; Porcarelli, L; Rossmeisl, JH; Tipold, A; Tirrito, F; Van Ham, L; Vanhaesebrouck, A; Volk, HA, 2019) |
| "Therefore, the acute care of prolonged seizures and SE is a constant challenge for healthcare professionals, in both the pre-hospital and the in-hospital settings." | 2.82 | Benzodiazepines in the Management of Seizures and Status Epilepticus: A Review of Routes of Delivery, Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and Tolerability. ( Beuchat, I; Gelhard, S; Kay, L; Kienitz, R; Lucaciu, A; Mann, C; Rosenow, F; Schäfer, JH; Schubert-Bast, S; Siebenbrodt, K; Strzelczyk, A; von Brauchitsch, S; Willems, LM; Zöllner, JP, 2022) |
| "The primary goal of treatment for seizure clusters is cessation of the cluster to avoid progression to more severe conditions, such as prolonged seizures and status epilepticus." | 2.82 | Rescue therapies for seizure clusters: Pharmacology and target of treatments. ( Detyniecki, K; Gidal, B, 2022) |
| "Diazepam rectal gel is an effective rescue therapy for seizure clusters, though adults and adolescents may have social reservations regarding its administration." | 2.82 | Rescue Treatments for Seizure Clusters. ( Gidal, BE; Kotloski, RJ, 2022) |
| "Midazolam was given 0." | 2.70 | Eight-year study of childhood status epilepticus: midazolam infusion in management and outcome. ( Al Riyami, K; Chacko, A; Javed, H; Koul, R, 2002) |
| "This now includes progressive paroxysmal dystonia and adolescent-onset super-refractory myoclonic status epilepticus contributing to strikingly rapid and progressive cortical atrophy and death." | 2.58 | De Novo DNM1L Variant in a Teenager With Progressive Paroxysmal Dystonia and Lethal Super-refractory Myoclonic Status Epilepticus. ( Babovic-Vuksanovic, D; Boczek, NJ; Chan, DC; Cohen, AL; Fine, AL; Liu, R; Patterson, MC; Payne, ET; Renaud, DL; Ryan, CS; Schiltz, BM; Wirrell, EC, 2018) |
| "Convulsive status epilepticus is the most extreme form of seizure." | 2.55 | Review and update of the Hong Kong Epilepsy Guideline on status epilepticus. ( Fung, BB; Fung, EL, 2017) |
| "Prompt treatment of status epilepticus (SE) is associated with better outcomes." | 2.52 | Nonintravenous midazolam versus intravenous or rectal diazepam for the treatment of early status epilepticus: A systematic review with meta-analysis. ( Brigo, F; Nardone, R; Tezzon, F; Trinka, E, 2015) |
| "Status epilepticus is defined as epileptic seizure with the duration for over 30 min or clustered seizure without complete recovery of consciousness for 30 min or more." | 2.50 | [Treatment of status epilepticus]. ( Yamanouchi, H, 2014) |
| "Diazepam gel was better than placebo gel in reducing the risk of non-cessation of seizures (RR 0." | 2.50 | Anticonvulsant therapy for status epilepticus. ( Al-Roomi, K; Krishnan, PR; Prasad, M; Sequeira, R, 2014) |
| "When midazolam has failed to control RSE, the evidence points to barbiturate anesthesia as the next frequently used option." | 2.50 | Continuous infusion, general anesthesia and other intensive care treatment for uncontrolled status epilepticus. ( Tasker, RC; Vitali, SH, 2014) |
| "Thirty minutes of seizure activity is usually the time period used in longstanding definitions of CSE but it is not acceptable to wait for 30 minutes before treatment." | 2.50 | What are the best ways to deliver benzodiazepines in children/patients with prolonged convulsive seizures? ( Chin, RF, 2014) |
| "Midazolam was administered faster than diazepam (mean difference = 2." | 2.46 | Midazolam versus diazepam for the treatment of status epilepticus in children and young adults: a meta-analysis. ( McMullan, J; Pancioli, A; Sasson, C; Silbergleit, R, 2010) |
| "Current thinking about the acute treatment of status epilepticus (SE) emphasizes a more aggressive clinical approach to this common life-threatening neurologic emergency." | 2.45 | Emergency treatment of status epilepticus: current thinking. ( Millikan, D; Rice, B; Silbergleit, R, 2009) |
| "We reviewed the current diagnosis and treatment of status epilepticus (SE)." | 2.42 | [Current diagnosis and treatment of status epilepticus]. ( Akamatsu, N; Tsuji, S, 2003) |
| "Status epilepticus is a major medical emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality." | 2.42 | The management of status epilepticus. ( Marik, PE; Varon, J, 2004) |
| "Status epilepticus is a serious medical emergency that requires prompt and appropriate intervention." | 2.41 | Status epilepticus. ( Fiallos, MR; Hanhan, UA; Orlowski, JP, 2001) |
| "Nonconvulsive status epilepticus is being considered and recognized more often, including in ambulatory patients with a confusional state, after convulsive status epilepticus, and in critically ill patients." | 2.41 | The current state of treatment of status epilepticus. ( Claassen, J; Hirsch, LJ, 2002) |
| "Midazolam is a valuable treatment option for refractory status epilepticus, especially in pediatric patients." | 2.40 | Use of midazolam for refractory status epilepticus in pediatric patients. ( Pellock, JM, 1998) |
| "Midazolam use was effective and well tolerated, affirming its value in pediatric RSE management." | 2.40 | Midazolam and pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus. ( Holmes, GL; Riviello, JJ, 1999) |
| "Once SE is controlled, prevention of seizure recurrence should be individualized to each patient." | 2.40 | Management approaches to prolonged seizures and status epilepticus. ( Bleck, TP, 1999) |
| "Diazepam was significantly less efficacious than other treatments (P = ." | 2.40 | Efficacy and mortality in treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus in children: a meta-analysis. ( Gartside, PS; Gilbert, DL; Glauser, TA, 1999) |
| "Sequelae and risk for recurrence of SE are primarily related to the underlying cause." | 2.39 | Status epilepticus and acute repetitive seizures in children, adolescents, and young adults: etiology, outcome, and treatment. ( Mitchell, WG, 1996) |
| "Earlier anesthesia was statistically significantly associated with fewer infections (17% vs." | 1.91 | Early timing of anesthesia in status epilepticus is associated with complete recovery: A 7-year retrospective two-center study. ( Baumann, SM; De Marchis, GM; De Stefano, P; Grzonka, P; Hunziker, S; Kleinschmidt, A; Marsch, S; Quintard, H; Rüegg, S; Sarbu, OE; Seeck, M; Sutter, R, 2023) |
| "Midazolam-treated rats had significant neuronal degeneration in limbic structures, mainly at one month postexposure, followed by neuronal loss in the basolateral amygdala and the CA1 hippocampal area." | 1.91 | Delayed tezampanel and caramiphen treatment but not midazolam protects against long-term neuropathology after soman exposure. ( Apland, JP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Figueiredo, TH; Rossetti, K, 2023) |
| "Midazolam has become the preferred benzodiazepine in pre- and in-hospital settings, both in children and adults." | 1.91 | Trends and Differences in Status Epilepticus Treatment of Children and Adults Over 10 Years: A Comparative Study of Medical Records (2012-2021) from a University Hospital in Germany. ( Czabanka, M; Kieslich, M; Merker, M; Purwien, L; Ronellenfitsch, MW; Rosenow, F; Schubert-Bast, S; Strzelczyk, A; Willems, LM, 2023) |
| "Midazolam was the first medication administered in 87/100 (87%) instances, mean dose of 0." | 1.72 | Status Epilepticus Australasian Registry for Children: A pilot prospective, observational, cohort study of paediatric status epilepticus. ( Babl, FE; Borland, ML; Dalziel, SR; Emeto, TI; Furyk, JS; George, S; Hearps, SJ; O'Brien, S; Phillips, N; Riney, K; Watt, K; Wilson, C, 2022) |
| "All deceased patients experienced generalized convulsive status epilepticus and failure of anesthetic tapering-off, significantly higher than survivors." | 1.72 | Factors associated with mortality in patients with super-refractory status epilepticus. ( Chien, ME; Fang, YT; Hsu, KS; Huang, CW; Lee, TL; Lin, SH; Tu, YH; Wu, YJ, 2022) |
| "Generalized convulsive status epilepticus is defined as a generalized and convulsive seizure with 5 minutes or more of continuous clinical and/or electrographic seizure activity or recurrent seizure activity without recovery between seizures." | 1.62 | Generalized convulsive status epilepticus after retrograde type A aortic dissection surgery. ( Chen, D; Li, Y; Shi, H; Wu, Q; Zhang, C, 2021) |
| "An efficient, well tolerated, and safe emergency treatment with a rapid onset of action is needed to prevent seizure clusters and to terminate prolonged seizures and status epilepticus." | 1.56 | Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Concentrated Intranasal Midazolam Spray as Emergency Medication in Epilepsy Patients During Video-EEG Monitoring. ( Balaban, Ü; Fuest, S; Herrmann, E; Kay, L; Knake, S; Reif, PS; Rosenow, F; Schubert-Bast, S; Strzelczyk, A; von Blomberg, A; Zöllner, JP, 2020) |
| "At discharge, all survivors were seizure free." | 1.51 | Treatment options in pediatric super-refractory status epilepticus. ( Arayakarnkul, P; Chomtho, K, 2019) |
| "Status epilepticus is one of the most common neurological emergencies in pediatric emergency departments." | 1.51 | The effect of early midazolam infusion on the duration of pediatric status epilepticus patients. ( Akgül, F; Çağlar, A; Çitlenbik, H; Duman, M; Er, A; Öztürk, A; Türker, HD; Ulusoy, E; Yılmaz, D, 2019) |
| " Medication dosing generally followed standard dosing guidelines with very few exceptions." | 1.51 | Seizure Rescue Medication Use among US Pediatric Epilepsy Providers: A Survey of the Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium. ( Payne, E; Wallace, A; Wirrell, E, 2019) |
| " These data are important for informing adult and pediatric dosing recommendations for NA-induced seizures." | 1.51 | Evaluation of first-line anticonvulsants to treat nerve agent-induced seizures and prevent neuropathology in adult and pediatric rats. ( Ardinger, C; Dunn, E; Haines, K; Lee-Stubbs, R; Matson, L; McCarren, H; McDonough, J; Miller-Smith, S; Whitten, K, 2019) |
| "Seizures were elicited within ∼8 minutes after DFP exposure that progressively developed into persistent SE lasting for hours." | 1.48 | Midazolam-Resistant Seizures and Brain Injury after Acute Intoxication of Diisopropylfluorophosphate, an Organophosphate Pesticide and Surrogate for Nerve Agents. ( Kuruba, R; Reddy, DS; Wu, X, 2018) |
| "Eclampsia is specifically addressed by 85% (28/33) of agencies." | 1.46 | Prehospital Care for the Adult and Pediatric Seizure Patient: Current Evidence-based Recommendations. ( Brown, JF; Gausche-Hill, M; Gilbert, GH; Koenig, KL; Lemieux, JM; Rudnick, EM; Salvucci, AA; Silverman, EC; Sporer, KA, 2017) |
| "Status epilepticus is common in neonates and infants, and is associated with neuronal injury and adverse developmental outcomes." | 1.46 | Phenobarbital and midazolam increase neonatal seizure-associated neuronal injury. ( Niquet, J; Suchomelova, L; Torolira, D; Wasterlain, CG, 2017) |
| " Secondary outcomes included the rate of adverse events, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay, hospital mortality and long-term neurological outcome, assessed with the extended Glasgow outcome scale (GOS-E) at discharge and at six 6 months." | 1.43 | Midazolam and thiopental for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus: a retrospective comparison of efficacy and safety. ( Bellante, F; Créteur, J; Depondt, C; Gaspard, N; Legros, B; Taccone, FS, 2016) |
| "General anesthetic-induced coma therapy has been recommended for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 1.42 | Induction of burst suppression or coma using intravenous anesthetics in refractory status epilepticus. ( Byun, JI; Chu, K; Jung, KH; Kang, BS; Kim, YS; Lee, SK; Lee, ST; Lim, JA; Moon, HJ; Moon, JS; Shin, JW, 2015) |
| "Ketamine was used in most severe cases." | 1.42 | Preliminary results of the global audit of treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ( Ferlisi, M; Grade, M; Hocker, S; Shorvon, S; Trinka, E, 2015) |
| "The seizures were unresponsive to bolus midazolam, phenytoin infusion and levetiracetam infusion." | 1.42 | A rare cause of status epilepticus; alpha lipoic acid intoxication, case report and review of the literature. ( Çelik, T; Çelik, Ü; Gezgin, AE; Kaya, MS; Kömür, M; Tolunay, O, 2015) |
| "Status epilepticus was induced by intra-amygdala microinjection of kainic acid in 8week old C57Bl/6 mice." | 1.42 | Comparison of short-term effects of midazolam and lorazepam in the intra-amygdala kainic acid model of status epilepticus in mice. ( Diviney, M; Henshall, DC; Reynolds, JP, 2015) |
| " We discuss on a clinical case requiring an exceptionally high dosage of midazolam-up to 160 mg iv daily-to achieve palliative sedation." | 1.40 | Palliative sedation for status epilepticus in a patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ( Cancelli, F; Dubra, A; Zulian, GB, 2014) |
| "Midazolam proved to be a safe drug." | 1.39 | Higher mortality rate is associated with advanced age and periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges in patients with refractory status epilepticus. ( Garzon, E; Liberalesso, PB; Sakamoto, AC; Yacubian, EM, 2013) |
| "Pentobarbital was chosen later in the therapy for all ages." | 1.39 | Treatment of status epilepticus: an international survey of experts. ( Alldredge, B; Bell, R; Bleck, TP; Brophy, GM; Claassen, J; Glauser, T; LaRoche, SM; Riviello, JJ; Shutter, L; Sperling, MR; Treiman, DM; Vespa, PM, 2013) |
| "Thiopental was added for treatment of intracranial hypertension." | 1.38 | Frequency of non-convulsive seizures and non-convulsive status epilepticus in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients in need of controlled ventilation and sedation. ( Lindgren, C; Naredi, S; Nordh, E; Olivecrona, M, 2012) |
| "Status epilepticus is a common neurological emergency in childhood and associated with significant morbidity and mortality." | 1.37 | Status epilepticus. ( Gulati, S; Lodha, R; Raj, D, 2011) |
| "Lacosamide (Vimpat) is a newly licensed novel antiepileptic drug." | 1.36 | Successful treatment for refractory convulsive status epilepticus by non-parenteral lacosamide. ( Eggers, C; Hofer, T; Resch, R; Tilz, C, 2010) |
| "Of patients with status epilepticus and central nervous system infection, 24." | 1.35 | Status epilepticus in central nervous system infections: an experience from a developing country. ( Kalita, J; Misra, UK; Nair, PP, 2008) |
| "Propofol is a widely used rapidly acting sedating or hypnotic agent in the intensive care setting." | 1.35 | Isolated fatty liver from prolonged propofol use in a pediatric patient with refractory status epilepticus. ( Ko, DY; Rison, RA, 2009) |
| " Because it was known from the literature that the half-life of midazolam can increase at high dosage, the kinetics of midazolam (MDZ), 1'-hydroxymidazolam, and 4-hydroxymidazolam were assessed at steady state (dosage 1 mg/min) and after stopping treatment." | 1.35 | Pharmacokinetics of midazolam and metabolites in a patient with refractory status epilepticus treated with extraordinary doses of midazolam. ( Bodmer, M; Grignaschi, N; Haschke, M; Krähenbühl, S; Kummer, O; Link, B; Ruegg, S, 2008) |
| " Reduction of the barbiturate dosage resulted in clinical and subclinical partial seizures appearing repetitively in clusters." | 1.34 | Acute encephalitis with refractory, repetitive partial seizures: case reports of this unusual post-encephalitic epilepsy. ( Inoue, T; Maegaki, Y; Nanba, Y; Ogura, K; Ohno, K; Okamoto, R; Saito, Y; Takahashi, Y; Togawa, M, 2007) |
| "Effective and quick management of these seizures is critical." | 1.33 | Efficacy of the ketamine-atropine combination in the delayed treatment of soman-induced status epilepticus. ( Baubichon, D; Bernabé, D; Burckhart, MF; Carpentier, P; Dorandeu, F; Four, E; Lallement, G, 2005) |
| "Diazepam was administered as the first-line drug on 157 of 177 occasions (88." | 1.33 | [Choice and administration sequence of antiepileptic agents for status epilepticus and frequent seizures in children]. ( Eto, Y; Hamano, S; Hayakawa, M; Kikuchi, K; Minamitani, M; Sugiyama, N; Tanaka, M; Yamashita, S; Yoshinari, S, 2005) |
| "Midazolam (MDZ) is a recently developed short-elimination half-life benzodiazepine." | 1.29 | [Use of intravenous midazolam in status epilepticus in children]. ( Daoud, P; Desguerre, I; Lemerle, J; Moutard, ML; Rodriguez, D, 1995) |
| "Midazolam is a short-acting water soluble benzodiazepine that has been used with an increasing frequency in the last years." | 1.29 | Midazolam for treatment of refractory neonatal seizures. A case report. ( Gherpelli, JL; Luccas, FJ; Roitman, I; Troster, EJ, 1994) |
| "In flurothyl-treated rats, there were significant reductions in SNPR neuropathologic grade (P = 0." | 1.29 | Effect of anesthetics on neuropathologic sequelae of status epilepticus in rats. ( Garman, RH; Graybeal, JM; Hawkins, RA; Housman, C; Kofke, WA; Towfighi, J, 1993) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 4 (1.53) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 31 (11.88) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 75 (28.74) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 95 (36.40) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 56 (21.46) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Calsbeek, JJ | 1 |
| González, EA | 1 |
| Boosalis, CA | 1 |
| Zolkowska, D | 2 |
| Bruun, DA | 3 |
| Rowland, DJ | 1 |
| Saito, NH | 1 |
| Harvey, DJ | 2 |
| Chaudhari, AJ | 1 |
| Rogawski, MA | 3 |
| Garbow, JR | 1 |
| Lein, PJ | 3 |
| Abbaskhanian, A | 1 |
| Sheidaee, K | 1 |
| Charati, JY | 1 |
| Chhabra, R | 2 |
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| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial of the Efficacy of IM Midazolam Versus IV Lorazepam in the Pre-hospital Treatment of Status Epilepticus by Paramedics[NCT00809146] | Phase 3 | 1,023 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-06-30 | Completed | ||
| A Multicenter, Randomized, Blinded, Comparative Effectiveness Study of Fosphenytoin, Valproic Acid, or Levetiracetam in the Emergency Department Treatment of Patients With Benzodiazepine-refractory Status Epilepticus.[NCT01960075] | Phase 3 | 478 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-10-31 | Completed | ||
| Effectiveness of Combined Levetiracetam and Midazolam in Treatment of Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Children[NCT04926844] | Phase 2 | 144 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-06-20 | Completed | ||
| A Pilot Study to Assess the Efficacy of Subanesthetic Doses of IV Ketamine in the Treatment Drug Resistant Epilepsy[NCT05019885] | Phase 2 | 6 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-08-26 | Recruiting | ||
| Efficacy of Combined Ketamine and Midazolam for Treatment of Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Children .[NCT05779657] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 144 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-03-21 | Recruiting | ||
| Intranasal Midazolam Versus Rectal Diazepam for the Home Treatment of Seizure Activity in Pediatric Patients With Epilepsy[NCT00326612] | Phase 2 | 358 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2006-06-30 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Continuous acute care inpatient hospital days from day of admission until discharge (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: participants were followed for the duration of hospital stay, an average of 6 days
| Intervention | days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 6.7 |
| IV Lorazepam | 5.5 |
Continuous days of initial ICU stay from time of admission (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: participants were followed for the duration of hospital stay, an average of 6 days
| Intervention | days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 5.7 |
| IV Lorazepam | 4.1 |
Hospital and ICU admission from the ED, and length of stay, is abstracted from the hospital admission record. ICU admission is recorded as occurring only if the ICU is the initial inpatient unit for the patient. (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: at time of disposition on day of enrollment
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 128 |
| IV Lorazepam | 161 |
Hospital and ICU admission from the ED, and length of stay, is abstracted from the hospital admission record. ICU admission is recorded as occurring only if the ICU is the initial inpatient unit for the patient. (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: at ED disposition on day of enrollment
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 258 |
| IV Lorazepam | 292 |
Endotracheal intubation performed or attempted by EMS or within 30 minutes after ED arrival is abstracted from the ED record physician and nursing records. Endotracheal intubation includes placement of a definitive tracheal airway (oro-, naso-, cricothyroidotomy, or tracheostomy) for support of respirations or protection of airway. Non-definitive and/or non-tracheal airways (oral or nasal airways, laryngeal mask airways, or esophageal obturator airways) are not included if the patient is not subsequently intubated unless specifically deemed to have been used in lieu of tracheal intubation. (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: anytime before 30 minutes after ED arrival
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 63 |
| IV Lorazepam | 64 |
Acute hypotension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of < 90 mmHg sustained for greater than 5 minutes and for which the patient was treated with a continuous IV infusion of a vasopressor. (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: participants were followed for the duration of hospital stay, an average of 6 days
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 12 |
| IV Lorazepam | 13 |
IM injection site complications are defined as any symptoms or signs of injury or reaction at the site of the study IM injection requiring treatment. This includes extensive hematoma requiring treatment (decompression, pressure dressings, or discontinuation of anticoagulant or antithrombotic medications). Treatment does not include imaging without other interventions. This definition also includes wound infection requiring antibiotic therapy, retained foreign bodies requiring exploration and removal, or other similar wound problems. (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: participants were followed for the duration of hospital stay, an average of 6 days
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 4 |
| IV Lorazepam | 2 |
IV insertion site complications are defined as any symptoms or signs of injury or reaction at the site of the study IV placed by paramedics and used for study medication. This includes thrombosis, phlebitis, or skin infection requiring specific treatment including compresses, antibiotics, or wound care. (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: participants were followed for the duration of hospital stay, an average of 6 days
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 0 |
| IV Lorazepam | 3 |
Acute seizure recurrence is defined as any further convulsive or electrographic seizures occurring in the first 12 hours of hospitalization, if they require additional antiepileptic medications, in subjects that had been determined not to be having seizures on ED arrival. (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: within 12 hours after ED arrival
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 51 |
| IV Lorazepam | 47 |
The primary outcome was termination of seizures before arrival in the emergency department (ED) without the need for the paramedics to provide rescue therapy. Subjects did not reach the primary outcome if they were having seizures on arrival in the emergency department or if they received rescue medication before arrival. Termination of seizures on arrival was determined according to the clinical judgment of the attending emergency physician and was based on examination of the subjects, their clinical course, and results of any routine diagnostic testing. (NCT00809146)
Timeframe: Duration of prehospital care, outcome is determined upon arrival at the ED on the day of enrollment (average 20 minutes).
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| IM Midazolam | 329 |
| IV Lorazepam | 282 |
Length of hospital stay in days (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: length of hospital stay
| Intervention | days (Median) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 3 |
| Valproic Acid | 3 |
| Levetiracetam | 3 |
Length of stay is determined by the number of calendar days after the day of ED arrival until hospital discharge or subject end-of-study. (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: number of calendar days after the day of ED arrival until hospital discharge or subject end-of-study
| Intervention | days (Median) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 1 |
| Valproic Acid | 1 |
| Levetiracetam | 1 |
The time to termination of seizures is the interval from the start of study drug infusion to cessation of clinically apparent seizure in those who meet the primary outcome. (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: start of drug infusion to seizure cessation
| Intervention | minutes (Median) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 11.7 |
| Valproic Acid | 7.0 |
| Levetiracetam | 10.5 |
ICU admission is recorded as occurring only if the ICU is the initial inpatient unit for the patient. (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: Admission to intensive care unit after start of study drug infusion, where the ICU is the initial inpatient unit for the patient
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 70 |
| Valproic Acid | 71 |
| Levetiracetam | 87 |
Determined by the absence of clinically apparent seizures and improving consciousness at 1 hour without other anticonvulsant medications. The Adjudicated outcomes analysis is different from Outcome measure 1 because a central clinical phenomenology core of four neurologists adjudicated from the medical records the time to seizure cessation, the time in status epilepticus before trial-drug initiation, and the cause of the seizure. For each enrollment, two neurologists from this core group conducted independent initial reviews and then determined a consensus or consulted a third adjudicator, as needed. Adjudicators were unaware of the treatment assignments and made determinations by medical record review. (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: Within 60 minutes after the start of study drug infusion
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 57 |
| Valproic Acid | 60 |
| Levetiracetam | 67 |
Determined by the absence of clinically apparent seizures and improving consciousness at 1 hour without other anticonvulsant medications. Intention to treat (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: Within 60 minutes after the start of study drug infusion
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 53 |
| Valproic Acid | 56 |
| Levetiracetam | 68 |
Determined by the absence of clinically apparent seizures and improving consciousness at 1 hour without other anticonvulsant medications. Per-protocol analysis (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: Within 60 minutes after the start of study drug infusion
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 37 |
| Valproic Acid | 43 |
| Levetiracetam | 51 |
Acute anaphylaxis is defined as a clinical presentation consistent with life threatening allergic reaction occurring within 6 hours of the start of study drug infusions and manifested as urticaria in combination with either (1) a systolic blood pressure of < 90 mmHg sustained for greater than 5 minutes, or (2) objective evidence of airway obstruction, and for which the patient was treated with antihistamines and/or steroids. (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: within 6 hours of the start of study drug infusions
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 0 |
| Valproic Acid | 0 |
| Levetiracetam | 0 |
Respiratory depression is defined as impairment of ventilation or oxygenation necessitating definitive endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. It is distinct from intubations performed only for airway protection in those with decreased levels of consciousness. It does not include those getting only supraglottic airways or transient bag-valve-mask support. (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 16 |
| Valproic Acid | 10 |
| Levetiracetam | 12 |
acute seizure recurrence 60 minutes to 12 hours after start of study drug infusion (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: 60 minutes to 12 hours after start of study drug infusion
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 14 |
| Valproic Acid | 14 |
| Levetiracetam | 16 |
Safety outcome: Death (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: 30 days
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 3 |
| Valproic Acid | 2 |
| Levetiracetam | 7 |
Endotracheal intubation within 60 minutes of start of study drug infusion (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: within 60 minutes of start of study drug infusion
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 33 |
| Valproic Acid | 21 |
| Levetiracetam | 30 |
Safety outcome: Hepatic transaminase or ammonia elevations (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 0 |
| Valproic Acid | 1 |
| Levetiracetam | 1 |
Life-threatening hypotension within 60 minutes of the start of study drug infusion (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: within 60 minutes of the start of study drug infusion
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 4 |
| Valproic Acid | 2 |
| Levetiracetam | 1 |
Life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia within 60 minutes of the start of study drug infusion (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: within 60 minutes of the start of study drug infusion
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 0 |
| Valproic Acid | 0 |
| Levetiracetam | 1 |
Purple glove syndrome is defined as the presence of all three of the findings of the objective edema: discoloration, and pain in the distal extremity in which study drug was administered, with or without known extravasation, and for which there is no other evident etiology. (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 0 |
| Valproic Acid | 0 |
| Levetiracetam | 0 |
Number of participants with seizure cessation within 20 minutes of study drug initiation for patients with treatment success. This outcome measure was only reported in the Supplementary materials to the Primary Paper. (NCT01960075)
Timeframe: within 20 minutes
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Fosphenytoin (FOS) | 43 |
| Valproic Acid | 43 |
| Levetiracetam | 53 |
Length of seizure. (NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | Minutes (Median) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 3.0 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 4.3 |
(NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 21 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 17 |
(NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 4 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 3 |
(NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 12 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 1 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 1 |
(NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 5 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 5 |
Respiratory depression was defined as intubation at Emergency Department discharge. (NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 1 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 0 |
Respiratory depression was defined as requiring oxygen at discharge from the Emergency Department. (NCT00326612)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Intranasal Midazolam | 3 |
| Rectal Diazepam | 1 |
57 reviews available for midazolam and Absence Status
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Intranasal midazolam versus intravenous/rectal benzodiazepines for acute seizure control in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; Pr | 2021 |
Management of the first stage of convulsive status epilepticus in adults: a systematic review of current randomised evidence.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Seizures; Status Epilepticus | 2022 |
Termination of seizures in the paediatric age group, best benzodiazepine and route of administration: A network meta-analysis.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Network Meta-Analys | 2022 |
Benzodiazepines in the Management of Seizures and Status Epilepticus: A Review of Routes of Delivery, Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and Tolerability.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Diazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Lorazepam; | 2022 |
Rescue therapies for seizure clusters: Pharmacology and target of treatments.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Epilepsy, | 2022 |
Rescue Treatments for Seizure Clusters.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Nasal S | 2022 |
Treatment of cholinergic-induced status epilepticus with polytherapy targeting GABA and glutamate receptors.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Cholinergic Agents; gamma-Aminobuty | 2023 |
Rational polytherapy in the treatment of cholinergic seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ketamine; Male; Mida | 2020 |
Early polytherapy for benzodiazepine-refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Dr | 2019 |
Intramuscular Midazolam for treatment of Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2021 |
Pediatric status epilepticus: improved management with new drug therapies?
Topics: Algorithms; Anticonvulsants; Child; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Ketamine; Levetiracetam; Midazolam; | 2017 |
High dose phenobarbitone coma in pediatric refractory status epilepticus; a retrospective case record analysis, a proposed protocol and review of literature.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Protocols; Coma; Drug Resistance; Fem | 2018 |
Drug management for acute tonic-clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Administration, Rectal; Anticonvulsants; Child; Di | 2018 |
De Novo DNM1L Variant in a Teenager With Progressive Paroxysmal Dystonia and Lethal Super-refractory Myoclonic Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Brain; Dynamins; Dystonia; Electroencephalography; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Humans; Hypnot | 2018 |
Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus Secondary to Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction in Neurosyphilis: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Topics: Disease Progression; Electroencephalography; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Mydriasis; Neurosyphilis; Peni | 2019 |
Pediatric intensive care treatment of uncontrolled status epilepticus.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Child; Critical Care; Humans; Hypotension; Int | 2013 |
Intensive care treatment of uncontrolled status epilepticus in children: systematic literature search of midazolam and anesthetic therapies*.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Child; Critical Care; Humans; Midazolam; St | 2014 |
[Treatment of status epilepticus].
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Diazepam; Drug Administration Routes; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Hypother | 2014 |
Anticonvulsant therapy for status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Phenobarbital; Phe | 2014 |
Continuous infusion, general anesthesia and other intensive care treatment for uncontrolled status epilepticus.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anticonvulsants; Child; Critical Care; Die | 2014 |
What are the best ways to deliver benzodiazepines in children/patients with prolonged convulsive seizures?
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures; S | 2014 |
Overview of clinical efficacy and risk data of benzodiazepines for prolonged seizures.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures; Status Epilepticus | 2014 |
Nonintravenous midazolam versus intravenous or rectal diazepam for the treatment of early status epilepticus: A systematic review with meta-analysis.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Administration, Rectal; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; R | 2015 |
A Common Reference-Based Indirect Comparison Meta-Analysis of Buccal versus Intranasal Midazolam for Early Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Intranasal; Databases, Factual; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedati | 2015 |
Recent advances in status epilepticus.
Topics: Amides; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures; Status Epilepticus | 2016 |
A Comparison of Midazolam, Lorazepam, and Diazepam for the Treatment of Status Epilepticus in Children: A Network Meta-analysis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Humans; Infant; Lorazepam; Mi | 2016 |
What's new in refractory status epilepticus?
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Barbiturates; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Co | 2017 |
Review and update of the Hong Kong Epilepsy Guideline on status epilepticus.
Topics: Acetamides; Anticonvulsants; Diet, Ketogenic; Hong Kong; Humans; Lacosamide; Levetiracetam; Magnesiu | 2017 |
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Electroencephalography; Humans; Mi | 2017 |
Emergency treatment of status epilepticus: current thinking.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Electroencephalography; Emergency Medical Ser | 2009 |
[Drug treatment of refractory status epilepticus].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Drug Resistance; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Midazolam; Propofol | 2009 |
Treatment of status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Comb | 2004 |
Midazolam versus diazepam for the treatment of status epilepticus in children and young adults: a meta-analysis.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus; Treatment Outco | 2010 |
Benzodiazepines for prolonged seizures.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Humans; Infant; Lorazepam; Midazolam; | 2010 |
The treatment of status epilepticus.
Topics: Antibodies; Anticonvulsants; Clinical Trials as Topic; Education; GABA Modulators; Humans; London; M | 2011 |
[Non-convulsive epileptic status].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Diagnosis, Differential; Electroencephalography; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Stat | 2011 |
[Treatment of status epilepticus].
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Humans; Ma | 2001 |
Recent developments in treatment of status epilepticus: a review.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Humans; Injections; Midazolam; Propofol; Status Epilepticus; Valproic Acid | 2002 |
[Current diagnosis and treatment of status epilepticus].
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Critical Care; Diagnosis, Differential; Electric Stim | 2003 |
The management of status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Propofol; Status Epilepticus | 2004 |
[Evidence-based treatment for status epilepticus in childhood--working up guidelines for its treatment].
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Evidence-Base | 2005 |
Status epilepticus: an evidence based guide.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Chronic Disease; Critical Care; Drug Administration Routes; Emergency Treatment; Ev | 2005 |
Anticonvulsant therapy for status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Randomized Contro | 2005 |
Intranasal midazolam therapy for pediatric status epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Child; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2006 |
Anticonvulsant therapy for status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Randomized Contro | 2007 |
Propofol and barbiturates for the anesthesia of refractory convulsive status epilepticus: pros and cons.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; M | 2007 |
Which anesthetic should be used in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus?
Topics: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Coma; Electroencephalography; | 2007 |
Intensive care unit management of patients with status epilepticus.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule | 2007 |
Status epilepticus and acute repetitive seizures in children, adolescents, and young adults: etiology, outcome, and treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Central Nervous System Disea | 1996 |
Management of status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Electroencephalography; Humans; Midazolam; Phenobarbital; Practice Guidelines as To | 1998 |
Use of midazolam for refractory status epilepticus in pediatric patients.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Child; Drug Resistance; Humans; Midazolam; Recurrence; Status Epilepticus; Trea | 1998 |
Midazolam and pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Protocols; Female; Humans; Infant; In | 1999 |
Management approaches to prolonged seizures and status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; | 1999 |
Efficacy and mortality in treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus in children: a meta-analysis.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant; Isoflurane; | 1999 |
Status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Midazola | 2001 |
Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; GABA Modulators; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Propofol; Status Epilepticus | 2002 |
The current state of treatment of status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Electroencephalography; Female; GABA Modulators; H | 2002 |
31 trials available for midazolam and Absence Status
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Comparison of the effect of continuous intravenous infusion of sodium valproate and midazolam on management of status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infusions, Intravenous | 2021 |
The IN-MIDAZ study - Intranasal midazolam in aborting seizures - An epilepsy monitoring unit based randomized controlled trial for efficacy.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Humans; Midazola | 2022 |
Levetiracetam and Midazolam vs Midazolam Alone for First-Line Treatment of Children With Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus (Lev-Mid Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Humans; Infant; Levetiracetam; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus; Treatment Outc | 2023 |
Comparison of intranasal versus intravenous midazolam for management of status epilepticus in dogs: A multi-center randomized parallel group clinical study.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Mida | 2019 |
Patterns of benzodiazepine underdosing in the Established Status Epilepticus Treatment Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Benzodiazepines; Child; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; | 2021 |
A Phase 3 open-label study of the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of buccally administered midazolam hydrochloride for the treatment of status epilepticus in pediatric Japanese subjects.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Humans; Japan; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2021 |
Intranasal Midazolam versus Rectal Diazepam for the Management of Canine Status Epilepticus: A Multicenter Randomized Parallel-Group Clinical Trial.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Dog Diseases | 2017 |
[Study of an efficacy and a pharmacokinetics of intranasal midazolam for status epilepticus on childhood epilepsy].
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Midazolam; Seizur | 2010 |
Efficacy and safety of intramuscular midazolam versus rectal diazepam in controlling status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Female; Huma | 2015 |
Intramuscular midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for the prehospital treatment of status epilepticus in the pediatric population.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adolescent; Allied Health Personnel; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Pre | 2015 |
Accounting for repeat enrollments during an emergency clinical trial: the Rapid Anticonvulsant Medications Prior to Arrival Trial (RAMPART).
Topics: Adult; Aged; Allied Health Personnel; Anticonvulsants; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Injectio | 2015 |
Intravenous midazolam in convulsive status epilepticus in children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Adm | 2009 |
Buccal midazolam or rectal diazepam for treatment of residential adult patients with serial seizures or status epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Rectal; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; | 2011 |
RAMPART (Rapid Anticonvulsant Medication Prior to Arrival Trial): a double-blind randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of intramuscular midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam in the prehospital treatment of status epilepticus by paramedics.
Topics: Allied Health Personnel; Anticonvulsants; Emergency Medical Services; Humans; Injections, Intramuscu | 2011 |
Intramuscular versus intravenous therapy for prehospital status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Double-Blind Method; Emergency Medical | 2012 |
Efficacy and safety of ketamine in refractory status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Anesthetics; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Ketamine; Male; Midaz | 2012 |
Continuous infusion of midazolam in the treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Blood Pressure; Drug Resistance; Female | 2002 |
Eight-year study of childhood status epilepticus: midazolam infusion in management and outcome.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; El | 2002 |
[Eight-year study on the treatment with intravenous midazolam for status epilepticus and clusters of seizures in children].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intr | 2003 |
Comparison of intranasal midazolam with intravenous diazepam for treating acute seizures in children.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Child, Preschool; D | 2004 |
[Continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam for treatment of status epilepticus in children].
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infus | 2004 |
Efficacy of continuous midazolam infusion and mortality in childhood refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Bradycardia; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Hypn | 2005 |
Status epilepticus: clinical analysis of a treatment protocol based on midazolam and phenytoin.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hyp | 2005 |
High-dose midazolam therapy for refractory status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Algorithms; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; | 2006 |
Continuous midazolam infusion as treatment of status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Resistance; | 1997 |
Buccal absorption of midazolam: pharmacokinetics and EEG pharmacodynamics.
Topics: Absorption; Administration, Buccal; Administration, Sublingual; Adult; Double-Blind Method; Electroe | 1998 |
[Efficacy of continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam in the treatment of status epilepticus in children].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infusions, Intravenous; M | 1998 |
Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence: a randomised trial.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsa | 1999 |
[Effectiveness of continuous midazolam infusion for status epilepticus in children].
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Child; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; M | 2000 |
Propofol and midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; APACHE; Comorbidity; Electroencephalography; Female; Human | 2001 |
Continuous midazolam versus diazepam infusion for refractory convulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; In | 2002 |
173 other studies available for midazolam and Absence Status
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Strain differences in the extent of brain injury in mice after tetramethylenedisulfotetramine-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; | 2021 |
Prehospital Treatment of Status Epilepticus in the United States.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Emergency Medical Services; Guideline Adherence; Humans; | 2021 |
Reply to comment on "Intranasal midazolam versus intravenous/rectal benzodiazepines for acute seizure control in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis".
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Benzodiazepines; Child; Humans; Midazolam; Seizures; Status Epilepticus | 2022 |
Differentiating early clinical features of Panayiotopoulos syndrome from acute encephalopathy.
Topics: Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Partial; Humans; Midazolam; Retrospective Studies; Seizures; Sta | 2022 |
Status Epilepticus Australasian Registry for Children: A pilot prospective, observational, cohort study of paediatric status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Levetirac | 2022 |
Factors associated with mortality in patients with super-refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Heart Diseases; Humans; Midazolam; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Seizures; St | 2022 |
High-Dose Midazolam for Pediatric Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Retrospective Studies; Status | 2022 |
Management of Refractory Status Epilepticus: An International Cohort Study (MORSE CODe) Analysis of Patients Managed in the ICU.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Cohort Studies; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Midazolam; Propofol; Retrospective St | 2022 |
Real-World Midazolam Use and Outcomes With Out-of-Hospital Treatment of Status Epilepticus in the United States.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Hospitals; Humans; Midazolam; Retrospective Stud | 2022 |
The Midazolam RAMPART Study Medical Records Project: A Unique Use of Real-World Data in a Complex Collaborative Partnership to Support a New Drug Application.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Lorazepam; Medical Records; Midazolam; Retrospective Studies; Stat | 2023 |
Midazolam Use in Pediatric Refractory Status Epilepticus: The Point of Diminishing Returns.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2022 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Status Epilepticus in Older Adults: Diagnostic and Treatment Considerations.
Topics: Aged; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Epileptic Status in a PEDiatric cohort (ESPED) requiring intensive care treatment: A multicenter, national, two-year prospective surveillance study.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Critical Care; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Midazol | 2023 |
Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of intravenous allopregnanolone with and without midazolam pretreatment in two healthy dogs.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Animals; Dogs; Midazolam; Pregnanolone; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Early timing of anesthesia in status epilepticus is associated with complete recovery: A 7-year retrospective two-center study.
Topics: Adult; Anesthesia; Humans; Midazolam; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; S | 2023 |
Management of status epilepticus in Malaysia: A national survey of current practice and treatment gap.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Humans; Malaysia; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Delayed tezampanel and caramiphen treatment but not midazolam protects against long-term neuropathology after soman exposure.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Injuries; Female; Male; Midazolam; Nerve Agents; Rats; Seizur | 2023 |
Disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W) in mixed-sex cohorts of a rat soman (GD) model of epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cytokines; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epilepsy; Gliosis; Male; Midazolam; Neuroglia; Nitr | 2023 |
Trends and Differences in Status Epilepticus Treatment of Children and Adults Over 10 Years: A Comparative Study of Medical Records (2012-2021) from a University Hospital in Germany.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Female; Hospitals, Universi | 2023 |
Stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic ictal discharges during funduscopic examination in a patient with status epilepticus.
Topics: Electroencephalography; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Phenytoin; Seizures; Status Epilepticus; Young Adul | 2019 |
Intranasal midazolam as first-line inhospital treatment for status epilepticus: a pharmaco-EEG cohort study.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Ma | 2019 |
Delayed midazolam dose effects against soman in male and female plasma carboxylesterase knockout mice.
Topics: Animals; Carboxylesterase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mid | 2020 |
Midazolam and isoflurane combination reduces late brain damage in the paraoxon-induced status epilepticus rat model.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Isoflurane; Male; Midazolam; Paraoxon; Rats | 2020 |
Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Concentrated Intranasal Midazolam Spray as Emergency Medication in Epilepsy Patients During Video-EEG Monitoring.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography | 2020 |
Electroencephalographic analysis in soman-exposed 21-day-old rats and the effects of midazolam or LY293558 with caramiphen.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Cyclopentanes; Electrocardiography; Isoquinolines; Male; Midazolam; Nerve Agents | 2020 |
Ketamine as adjunct to midazolam treatment following soman-induced status epilepticus reduces seizure severity, epileptogenesis, and brain pathology in plasma carboxylesterase knockout mice.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Carboxylesterase; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography | 2020 |
Choosing Anticonvulsant Medications to Manage Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Disease Management; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy, Generalized; Female | 2020 |
Long-term prognosis related to deep sedation in refractory status Epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Barbiturates; Coma; Deep Sedation; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 2020 |
Generalized convulsive status epilepticus after retrograde type A aortic dissection surgery.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Aortic Dissection; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2021 |
Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine in Refractory/Super-refractory Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus: Single-Center Experience.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Ketamine; M | 2021 |
Allopregnanolone and perampanel as adjuncts to midazolam for treating diisopropylfluorophosphate-induced status epilepticus in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Isoflurophate; Male; M | 2020 |
Prehospital midazolam use and outcomes among patients with out-of-hospital status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emergency Medical Services; Evidence-Based Medicine | 2020 |
Assessment of midazolam pharmacokinetics in the treatment of status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Midazolam; Pr | 2020 |
Possible Role of High-Dose Barbiturates and Early Administration of Parenteral Ketogenic Diet for Reducing Development of Chronic Epilepsy in Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome: A Case Report.
Topics: Barbiturates; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Diet, Ketogenic; Electroencephalography; Epileptic S | 2021 |
Statewide Emergency Medical Services Protocols for Status Epilepticus Management.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; | 2021 |
Neuroprotection by delayed triple therapy following sarin nerve agent insult in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Carrier Proteins; Dinoprostone; Disease Models, A | 2021 |
Epidemiology and outcome of status epilepticus in children: a Scottish population cohort study.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Emergency Service, Hospital; F | 2021 |
A comparison of intravenous midazolam and diazepam in management of status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; Pakistan; Status Epilepticus | 2021 |
Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Retrospective Stu | 2021 |
Compliance with status epilepticus management protocol and effect on clinical outcomes in children with status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Length of Stay; Male; Midazolam; Status Epi | 2023 |
Oro-mucosal midazolam maleate: Use and effectiveness in adults with epilepsy in the UK.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus; United Kingdom | 2021 |
Reader Response: Prehospital Midazolam Use and Outcomes Among Patients With Out-of-Hospital Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Emergency Medical Services; Hospitals; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2021 |
Author Response: Prehospital Midazolam Use and Outcomes Among Patients With Out-of-Hospital Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Emergency Medical Services; Hospitals; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2021 |
Prehospital Care for the Adult and Pediatric Seizure Patient: Current Evidence-based Recommendations.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Ca | 2017 |
Simultaneous triple therapy for the treatment of status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Waves; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Respo | 2017 |
Phenobarbital and midazolam increase neonatal seizure-associated neuronal injury.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Cell Count; Female; Male; Midazolam; Neurons; Phenobarbital; Rats; Status | 2017 |
Seizing the Opportunity: Exploring Barriers to Use of Transmucosal Midazolam in Hospice Patients.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Mucosal; Administration, Rectal; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 a | 2018 |
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus after cessation of convulsive status epilepticus in pediatric intensive care unit patients.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adolescent; Cerebral Cortex; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalog | 2018 |
Does burst-suppression achieve seizure control in refractory status epilepticus?
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Male; Midaz | 2018 |
Midazolam-Resistant Seizures and Brain Injury after Acute Intoxication of Diisopropylfluorophosphate, an Organophosphate Pesticide and Surrogate for Nerve Agents.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Brain Injuries; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Re | 2018 |
Fosphenytoin vs. continuous midazolam for pediatric febrile status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Midazolam; O | 2018 |
Soman-induced status epilepticus, epileptogenesis, and neuropathology in carboxylesterase knockout mice treated with midazolam.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carboxylesterase; Cell Count; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Reac | 2018 |
Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous midazolam in Japanese children with status epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adolescent; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Pr | 2019 |
Treatment options in pediatric super-refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diet, Ketogenic; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Ence | 2019 |
A hospital-based study on caregiver preferences on acute seizure rescue medications in pediatric patients with epilepsy: Intranasal midazolam versus rectal diazepam.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Caregivers; Child; | 2019 |
Emergency Medical Services Protocols for Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Anticonvulsants; California; Clinical Protocols; Diazepam; Emergency Me | 2019 |
Duration of therapeutic coma and outcome of refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Causality; Conf | 2019 |
The effect of early midazolam infusion on the duration of pediatric status epilepticus patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; GABA Modulators; Humans; Infant; Male; Midazolam; Retro | 2019 |
Seizure Rescue Medication Use among US Pediatric Epilepsy Providers: A Survey of the Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Oral; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Age Factors; A | 2019 |
Evaluation of first-line anticonvulsants to treat nerve agent-induced seizures and prevent neuropathology in adult and pediatric rats.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Elect | 2019 |
Comparison of intranasal midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam for seizure termination and prevention of seizure clusters in the adult epilepsy monitoring unit.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Female; H | 2019 |
Higher mortality rate is associated with advanced age and periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges in patients with refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroenceph | 2013 |
Ketamine continuous infusion for refractory status epilepticus in a patient with anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome; Drug Therapy, Combination; Excitatory Amino | 2013 |
Carers' express positive views on the acceptability, efficacy and safety of buccal midazolam for paediatric status epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Attitude; Caregivers; Child; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Midazolam; Personal | 2014 |
High-dose midazolam infusion for refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Female; Hospi | 2014 |
Midazolam fails to prevent neurological damage in children with convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Brain; Child; Child, Preschool; Coma; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypnotic | 2014 |
[Cost-effectiveness of buccal midazolam in the treatment of prolonged convulsive seizures in the outpatient setting in Spain].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Ambulatory Care; Anticonvulsants; Child; C | 2014 |
Prevention of organophosphate-induced chronic epilepsy by early benzodiazepine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Chronic Diseas | 2014 |
Quality assurance evaluation of a simple linear protocol for the treatment of impending status epilepticus in a pediatric emergency department 2 years postimplementation.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Protocols; Diazepam; Emergency Servic | 2014 |
Pediatric refractory status epilepticus: many more questions than answers*.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Critical Care; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2014 |
Palliative sedation for status epilepticus in a patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; Male; Midazolam | 2014 |
Exception from informed consent: ethics and logistics.
Topics: Allied Health Personnel; Anticonvulsants; Clinical Trials as Topic; Emergency Service, Hospital; Fem | 2015 |
Induction of burst suppression or coma using intravenous anesthetics in refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthetics, Intravenous; A | 2015 |
Preliminary results of the global audit of treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociat | 2015 |
Infraslow status epilepticus: A new form of subclinical status epilepticus recorded in a child with Sturge-Weber syndrome.
Topics: Brain Waves; Child; Electroencephalography; Female; GABA Modulators; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epile | 2015 |
Water-soluble benzodiazepine prodrug/enzyme combinations for intranasal rescue therapies.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspergillus oryzae; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; | 2015 |
Practice variability and efficacy of clonazepam, lorazepam, and midazolam in status epilepticus: A multicenter comparison.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Cohort Studies; Female | 2015 |
Etiology, clinical course and response to the treatment of status epilepticus in children: A 16-year single-center experience based on 602 episodes of status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant; Infusions, I | 2015 |
Deep hypothermia for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Electroencephalography; Hypothermia, Induced; Lithium | 2015 |
A rare cause of status epilepticus; alpha lipoic acid intoxication, case report and review of the literature.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Female; Humans; Infant; Levetiracetam; Midazolam; Piracetam; | 2015 |
Comparison of short-term effects of midazolam and lorazepam in the intra-amygdala kainic acid model of status epilepticus in mice.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Kainic Aci | 2015 |
Benzodiazepines induce sequelae in immature mice with inflammation-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Apoptosis; Benzodiazepines; Convulsants; Exploratory Behavior; GABA Agonis | 2015 |
Making SENSE--Sustained Effort Network for treatment of Status Epilepticus as a multicenter prospective registry.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Midazolam; Middle Aged; Phe | 2015 |
A case of recurrent status epilepticus and successful management with progesterone.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Female; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Midazolam; Progesterone; Seizures; Stat | 2016 |
Midazolam and thiopental for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus: a retrospective comparison of efficacy and safety.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Female; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; S | 2016 |
Intranasal midazolam for seizure cessation in the community setting.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Anticonvulsants; Child; Diazepam; Humans; Mi | 2016 |
Refractory Status Epilepticus in Children: Intention to Treat With Continuous Infusions of Midazolam and Pentobarbital.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Inf | 2016 |
Midazolam-ketamine dual therapy stops cholinergic status epilepticus and reduces Morris water maze deficits.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cholinergic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Drug Th | 2016 |
Successful management of refractory neonatal seizures with midazolam.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; | 2008 |
Status epilepticus in central nervous system infections: an experience from a developing country.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Central Nervous System Infections; Developing Countries; D | 2008 |
High-dose midazolam in convulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Rectal; Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; In | 2008 |
Ketamine successfully terminates malignant status epilepticus.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anticonvulsants; Coma; DNA Polymerase gamma; DNA-Dir | 2008 |
Audit of treatment of convulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; Paraldehyde; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Practice | 2008 |
Isolated fatty liver from prolonged propofol use in a pediatric patient with refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Fatty Liver; Female; Humans; Midazolam; Propofol; Status Epilepticus; T | 2009 |
Successful treatment for refractory convulsive status epilepticus by non-parenteral lacosamide.
Topics: Acetamides; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; | 2010 |
A comparison of midazolam nasal spray and diazepam rectal solution for the residential treatment of seizure exacerbations.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Drug A | 2010 |
Blood concentrations of midazolam in status epilepticus using an appropriate condition of HPLC.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Midazol | 2010 |
[Benzodiazepines in the treatment of epilepsy].
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Epilepsy; Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilep | 2010 |
Survival after diphenhydramine ingestion with hemodialysis in a toddler.
Topics: Diphenhydramine; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infant; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Midazolam | 2011 |
Status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Clinical Protocols; Fructose; GABA Modulators; Humans; Keta | 2011 |
Convulsive status epilepticus in children: etiology, treatment protocol and outcome.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Encephalitis; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Meni | 2011 |
Utility of bilateral Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring in a comatose patient with focal nonconvulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Aged; Aneurysm, Ruptured; Coma; Consciousness Monitors; Deep Sedation; Electroencephalography; Femal | 2012 |
Intramuscular versus intravenous benzodiazepines for prehospital treatment of status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Emergency Medical Services; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Int | 2012 |
Intramuscular versus intravenous benzodiazepines for status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Emergency Medical Services; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Int | 2012 |
Intramuscular versus intravenous benzodiazepines for status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Emergency Medical Services; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Int | 2012 |
Prediction of neuroprotective treatment efficiency using a HRMAS NMR-based statistical model of refractory status epilepticus on mouse: a metabolomic approach supported by histology.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Biomarkers; Brain; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ketamine; Magnetic | 2012 |
Frequency of non-convulsive seizures and non-convulsive status epilepticus in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients in need of controlled ventilation and sedation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Conscious Sedation; Critical Care; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; | 2012 |
Treatment of status epilepticus: an international survey of experts.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Consensus; Expert Testimony; Humans; Hyp | 2013 |
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Topics: Aged; Anticonvulsants; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infusion Pumps; Infusions, | 2002 |
Sedative use in the last week of life and the implications for end-of-life decision making.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Decision Making; Delirium; Double Effect Principle; Ethics, Clinical; | 2003 |
[Three cases with severe motor and intellectual disabilities presenting the severest condition caused by prolonged non-convulsive status epilepticus].
Topics: Child, Preschool; Disabled Children; Disease Progression; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; In | 2003 |
[Proposal to obtain a licensed application for midazolam (Dormicam) as a drug effective for status epilepticus].
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Approval; Female; Humans; Japan; Male; Midazolam; National | 2003 |
[Midazolam treatment for status epilepticus of children].
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Child; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Infusions | 2003 |
Refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anticonvulsants; Appendiceal Neoplasms; Barbiturates; Drug Therapy, Combi | 2004 |
[Buccal midazolam for treatment of status epilepticus or repetitive seizures].
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Adult; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Re | 2004 |
Burst suppression on amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram may be induced by midazolam: a report on three cases.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Electroencephalography; Gestational Age; Humans; Infa | 2004 |
The difficulty in diagnosing non-convulsive status epilepticus during routine medical practice.
Topics: Aged; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Clobazam; Diagnosis, Differential; Emergencies; Humans; Mida | 2004 |
Efficacy of the ketamine-atropine combination in the delayed treatment of soman-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Chemical Warfare Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug | 2005 |
[Continuous midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus in children].
Topics: Adolescent; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Administration Schedule; Electro | 2005 |
[Choice and administration sequence of antiepileptic agents for status epilepticus and frequent seizures in children].
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Female | 2005 |
Buccal midazolam as rescue therapy for acute seizures.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Buccal; Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Anticonvu | 2005 |
[Management of status epilepticus].
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Diazepam; Dr | 2005 |
Intravenous lidocaine for status epilepticus during childhood.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Lidocaine; Male; Midazolam; Oxygen; | 2006 |
[A pharmacokinetic study of midazolam for the treatment of status epilepticus in children: a preliminary report].
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Male; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 2006 |
Community use of intranasal midazolam for managing prolonged seizures.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Attitu | 2006 |
Midazolam for refractory status epilepticus in children: higher dosing and more rapid and effective control.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Humans; Hypnotics and Se | 2006 |
Acute encephalitis with refractory, repetitive partial seizures: case reports of this unusual post-encephalitic epilepsy.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cell Count; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Ch | 2007 |
[Prolonged convulsions treated with buccal midazolam in a setting of mentally retarded patients with refractory epilepsy].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Midazolam; Mid | 2006 |
Tiagabine-induced nonconvulsive status epilepticus in an adolescent without epilepsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Drug Overdose; Electroencephalography; Female; GABA Modulators; Humans; Infusions, Intra | 2006 |
Orofacial automatisms induced by acute withdrawal from high-dose midazolam mimicking nonconvulsive status epilepticus in a child.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Child, Preschool; Critical Care; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administ | 2007 |
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in a neurological intensive care unit: profile in a developing country.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Central Nervous System Infections; Chil | 2007 |
Treatments with midazolam and lidocaine for status epilepticus in neonates.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Local; Anticonvulsants; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Jap | 2007 |
Decreased Efficacy of GABAA-receptor modulation by midazolam in the kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Beta Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Tem | 2007 |
[Treatment of status epilepticus].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Lidocaine; Midazolam; Practice Guidelines as Topic | 2007 |
Efficacy of intravenous midazolam for status epilepticus in childhood.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; GABA Modulators; Humans; Infant; Injections, Intravenous; Midazolam; Retros | 2007 |
Non-convulsive status epilepticus secondary to valproic acid-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy.
Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Electroencephalography; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hype | 2007 |
Pharmacokinetics of midazolam and metabolites in a patient with refractory status epilepticus treated with extraordinary doses of midazolam.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; | 2008 |
Potentiation of GABA by midazolam and its therapeutic effect against status epilepticus.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Adolescent; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Drug Syn | 1983 |
[Use of intravenous midazolam in status epilepticus in children].
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Injections, Intravenous; Mal | 1995 |
Midazolam for treatment of refractory neonatal seizures. A case report.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Male; Midazolam; Ovum; Status Epilepticus | 1994 |
Treatment of refractory generalized status epilepticus with continuous infusion of midazolam.
Topics: Adult; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Child, Preschool; Craniocerebral Trauma; Drug Administration Schedule; | 1994 |
Midazolam and status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Child; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, | 1994 |
Temporary abolition of seizure activity by flumazenil in a case of valproate-induced non-convulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Female | 1993 |
Advances in the management of refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Humans; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 1993 |
Midazolam in the treatment of status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Midazolam; Prospective Studies; Status Epilep | 1993 |
Effect of anesthetics on neuropathologic sequelae of status epilepticus in rats.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Administration, Inhalation; Anesthetics; Animals; Brain Diseases; Flurothy | 1993 |
[Effectiveness of intravenous midazolam for the treatment of status epilepticus in a child with severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child, Preschool; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Mi | 1995 |
Generalized convulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthetics; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Epilepsy, Generalized | 1996 |
Out-of-hospital midazolam for status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Emergencies; GABA Modulators; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Midazolam; Status Epil | 1996 |
Propofol and midazolam in status epilepticus.
Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Midazolam; Propofol; Status Epile | 1996 |
High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of midazolam in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diazepam; Disea | 1996 |
Midazolam in refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Drug Resistance; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Midazolam; Status Epilept | 1996 |
Nasal benzodiazepines for management of acute childhood seizures?
Topics: Absorption; Administration, Intranasal; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschoo | 1997 |
Intranasal midazolam in patients with status epilepticus.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anticonvulsants; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ | 1997 |
Phenytoin, phenobarbital, and midazolam fail to stop status epilepticus-like activity induced by low magnesium in rat entorhinal slices, but can prevent its development.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Culture Techniques; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug | 1998 |
Buccal route for benzodiazepines in treatment of seizures?
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsa | 1999 |
Midazolam coma for refractory status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Algorithms; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Child; Child, Preschool; Coma; Electroencephalogra | 1999 |
Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence: a randomised trial.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Diazepam; Emerge | 1999 |
Prolongation of midazolam half-life after sustained infusion for status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus; Time Facto | 2000 |
Midazolam as a first-line agent for status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; GABA Modulators; Humans; Infant; Injections, Intravenou | 2000 |
[Comparative non-randomized study with midazolam versus thiopental in children with refractory status epilepticus].
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; I | 2000 |
Re: Begemann et al. article describing the first case of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) successfully treated with propofol.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe; Fe | 2000 |
[Intranasal midazolam for prevention of status epilepticus].
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anticonvulsants; Child, Preschool; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Status Epile | 2001 |
Continuous EEG monitoring and midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug T | 2001 |
[A case of carbamazepine intoxication with alpha coma and status epilepticus].
Topics: Adolescent; Carbamazepine; Charcoal; Coma; Electroencephalography; Female; Gastric Lavage; Humans; M | 2001 |
[Non-intravenous high-dose phenobarbital therapy for status epilepticus refractory to continuous infusion of midazolam or pentobarbital: report of three cases].
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Infant; Infusions, | 2002 |
Outcome of severe refractory status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Child; Child, Preschool; | 2001 |
Status epilepticus after massive carbamazepine overdose.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Drug Overdose; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Hypnotics | 2002 |
Intravenous midazolam for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Resistance; Electroencephalography; Female; Hu | 1992 |
Continuous infusion of midazolam hydrochloride to control status epilepticus.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aged; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Midazolam; Nafcill | 1988 |
IM midazolam for status epilepticus in the emergency department.
Topics: Aged; Emergencies; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Midazolam; Status Epilepticus | 1988 |
Midazolam: an effective intravenous agent for seizure control.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Midazolam; Middle Aged; Seizures; Status | 1987 |