metrizamide and Cerebrovascular-Disorders

The most important complications of intravascular administration of contrast agents include idiosyncratic (anaphylactoid) reactions, shock, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, acute renal failure, and neurotoxic effects. The incidence of serious neurotoxic effects is low. Entry of contrast agents into the central nervous system normally is limited but may be increased by osmotic opening of the blood-brain barrier with cerebral arteriography or arch aortography. Most neurotoxic effects are thought to represent direct effects of the contrast agent on brain or spinal cord. Adverse effects with arteriography include seizures, transient cortical blindness, brain edema, and spinal cord injury. Most cases of focal brain deficit (other than cortical blindness) are attributed to embolism secondary to the catheter. Seizures may occur with intravenous administration, especially in patients with brain tumors or other processes disrupting the blood-brain barrier. The most important adverse effects observed with myelographic agents include acute and chronic meningeal reactions with iophendylate, and seizures and transient encephalopathy with metrizamide.

Topics: Animals; Blindness; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Diseases; Brain Edema; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Contrast Media; Diatrizoate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Spinal; Iophendylate; Metrizamide; Rabbits; Spinal Cord Diseases; Visual Cortex

Amipaque 280 mg I/ml was compared to Isopaque Cerebral 280 mg I/ml for common carotid injection in twenty patients in a double blind trial. Simple comparison was also performed in examinations with selective external carotid injections. The reaction of the patients to the common carotid injection was mild on the whole but Amipaque caused significantly less discomfort than Isopaque. Selective external carotid injection of Amipaque caused very little discomfort while most patients complained of severe pain when Isopaque was used. No serious side-effect was observed.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain Neoplasms; Carotid Arteries; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Iodobenzoates; Male; Metrizamide; Metrizoic Acid; Middle Aged

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Contrast Media; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Myelography; Myoclonus

Topics: Adult; Aged; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged

Cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics of 15 patients with occlusive cerebrovascular diseases was studied using RI cisternography (RIC) and Metrizamide CT cisternography (CTC) and these methods were compared. RIC demonstrated RI retention in 9 patients, which was noticed in all chronic stage patients (over one month after apopletic episode). Five patients had subarachnoid block in affected cerebral hemisphere. Ventricular reflux, however, was present in only one patient. Metrizamide CTC (170 mgI/ml) showed ventricular reflux or stasis in 11 of 16 patients. Seven patients revaaled asymmetrical metrizamide filling of Sylvian fissures at 3 or 6 hours after intrathecal injection of Metrizamide. Asymmetrical demonstration of Sylvian fissure after 3 hours in 3 patients corresponded with the finding of subarachnoid block at the same side on RIC. The clinical values of CTC were emphasized on the basis of this investigation. Ventricular reflux or stasis, which indicated one of the important findings on cerebrospinal fluid flow disturbance, was easily and clearly detected. Asymmetrical metrizamide filling of Sylvian fissures at 3 hours after injection was compatible with subarachnoid block on RIC.

Topics: Aged; Brain; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Indium; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Computer tomography (CT) findings obtained from the first 3,000 scans on 2,031 patients were analyzed and discussions were made on various kinds of neurological diseases, especially from the neurosurgical point of view. CT showed an excellent resolution for three-dimensional morphological pattern of intracranial lesion with a high percentage of diagnostic accuracy as reported from other institutes, resulting in making much earlier morphological diagnosis of intracranial lesion possible than any other examination. Scan methods consisted of plain CT, contrast enhanced CT, and metrizamide CT cisternography. Sequential delayed enhanced CT offered more useful information for high diagnostic accuracy, particularly for nature of brain tumor. Metrizamide CT cisternography was performed for the evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and diagnosis of skull base tumors. CT is a new, epoch-making and non-invasive diagnostic approach in neuroradiology and contributes to obtain the better achievement of neurosurgical results.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Child; Child, Preschool; Contrast Media; Craniocerebral Trauma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Head; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Tomography, X-Ray Computed