metrizamide and Brain-Neoplasms

Computerized tomography is usually adequate to explore supratentorial lesions of the skull and brain. However, it is often inadequate for a detailed analysis of lesions of the base of the skull and their anatomical rapports. Opacification of the subarachnoid spaces by means of a contrast medium (computerized cisternography) has proved extremely useful in such cases. The contrast media utilized are tri-iodized, water-soluble compounds which are well tolerated. The technique and anatomical data of the method are described, and its applications in different fields of tumoral and non-tumoral pathology are discussed.

Topics: Arachnoid; Brain Neoplasms; Brain Stem; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea; Cisterna Magna; Contrast Media; Craniopharyngioma; Cysts; Empty Sella Syndrome; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Iopamidol; Iothalamic Acid; Metrizamide; Neuroma, Acoustic; Pituitary Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Acromegaly; Adenoma; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Angiography; Brain Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Metrizamide; Myelography; Pituitary Diseases; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms; Prolactin; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Contrast Media; False Positive Reactions; Humans; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Metrizamide; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Infarction; Child, Preschool; Cysts; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Errors; Hematoma; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Neuromuscular Diseases; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Spinal Cord; Spine; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Amipaque 280 mg I/ml was compared to Isopaque Cerebral 280 mg I/ml for common carotid injection in twenty patients in a double blind trial. Simple comparison was also performed in examinations with selective external carotid injections. The reaction of the patients to the common carotid injection was mild on the whole but Amipaque caused significantly less discomfort than Isopaque. Selective external carotid injection of Amipaque caused very little discomfort while most patients complained of severe pain when Isopaque was used. No serious side-effect was observed.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain Neoplasms; Carotid Arteries; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Iodobenzoates; Male; Metrizamide; Metrizoic Acid; Middle Aged

CT follow-up studies of liposome-entrapped metrizamide after intraneoplastic injection into neurogenic s.c. rat tumors were performed. By closely resembling clinical examination conditions, the experimental design has proven suitable in determining the in vivo kinetics of these interstitial liposome deposits. When compared to free metrizamide which may be considered an analogue of water-soluble chemotherapeutics, the encapsulation of metrizamide in liposomes resulted in a retarded decline of the contrast enhancement. Diffusion of liposomes could not be detected and the X-ray attenuation values measured within the liposome deposits continuously decreased with time for both types of liposomes. In the case of multilamellar vesicles, this significantly corresponded to a zero order kinetics with a mean halflife of 300 h. An initial increment in the X-ray attenuation of the liposome deposits might be due to the interstitial absorption of the water component of the liposome-dispersion. Because of the pronounced retardation effect of multilamellar liposomes resulting in a 140-fold prolongation of the interstitial retention time of metrizamide and due to their release kinetics these vesicles may be an appropriate carrier system for a local interstitial chemotherapy modality. Small unilamellar vesicles having an interstitial half-life of 14 h may be used as a faster component of a composed therapy system.

Topics: Animals; Astrocytoma; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Neoplasms; Liposomes; Metrizamide; Neoplasm Transplantation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Spinal metastases from cerebral glioblastoma via the cerebrospinal pathway are rarely detected when the primary tumors are under apparent control. The authors report two adult patients with cerebral glioblastoma who developed spinal symptoms referable to spinal seeding without neurological and computed tomographic findings of the recurrence of the primary tumors. Computed tomographic metrizamide myelography clearly revealed minute deposits of perispinal metastatic tumors that could not be detected by conventional myelography. Even perispinal mass lesions so minute that they are revealed only by computed tomographic metrizamide myelography can invade the spinal cord and cause clinical symptoms.

Topics: Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Glioma; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Myelography; Spinal Cord Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We compared intrathecal metrizamide-enhanced CT (metrizamide-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of 17 patients with clinical suspicion of lesions at the cervicomedullary junction. MRI was superior in imaging the position of the cerebellar tonsils and the size and extent of mass lesions. MRI and metrizamide-CT were equal in detecting syringomyelia. CT with and without IV contrast enhancement was necessary to detect calcium or defects in the blood-brain barrier within neoplasms.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Spinal Cord Diseases; Spinal Cord Neoplasms; Syringomyelia; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The authors discuss their original observations using computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of posterior fossa neoplasms in children. The subject of CT diagnosis of childhood supratentorial tumors is also reviewed. However, despite the documented value of CT, the authors believe that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will eventually offer certain advantages that will make MRI the primary imaging modality for intracranial neoplasms in children.

Topics: Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Brain Stem; Cerebellar Neoplasms; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Child; Cranial Fossa, Posterior; Ependymoma; Humans; Medulloblastoma; Metrizamide; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Computed tomography (CT) is currently the primary and generally the definitive imaging modality for the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of intracranial neoplasms in children. The value of CT in the postoperative period is discussed. The role of CT and myelography is stressed in the evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid seeding. CT is also important in demonstrating the iatrogenic disturbances of the central nervous system as a result of radiation and chemotherapy. The authors recommend that CT scans with and without contrast be obtained 2 weeks after surgery and before starting any form of adjuvant treatment. CT slices should be contiguous and 5-mm thick. Subsequent scans should be obtained every 3 to 4 months for the first year and every 6 months thereafter. Where necessary, CT scans after the introduction of intrathecal metrizamide may be necessary to evaluate the lower portion of the posterior fossa and brain stem.

Topics: Adolescent; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Child; Female; Glioma; Humans; Infant; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Metrizamide; Myelography; Neoplasm Seeding; Spinal Cord Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

An epidermoid tumor of Meckel's cave was found in a middle-aged woman with trigeminal neuralgia. On CT the lesion had negative attenuation numbers of fat and extended from an expanded Meckel's cave through the porous trigeminus into the ambient and cerebellopontine angle cisterns. Surgical excision provided relief of the patient's trigeminal neuralgia.

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Carotid Artery, Internal; Dura Mater; Female; Humans; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Pneumoencephalography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Trigeminal Neuralgia

The practical usefulness of computed tomography with intrathecal metrizamide in imaging the brain stem is illustrated in six examples where the lesions were misdiagnosed on intravenously enhanced computed tomography, angiography, or air study. Focal and diffuse atrophic changes of the brain stem were demonstrated in symptomatic patients where none of the other radiographic or clinical investigations were conclusive. Metrizamide computed tomography is probably the most sensitive method for imaging lesions in and around the brain stem and cerebellopontine angle.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Atrophy; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Brain Stem; Female; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Foramen Magnum; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Neurilemmoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The authors report a case of a dermoid cyst in the right anterior cranial fossa, which communicated spontaneously with both the subarachnoid space and the lateral ventricle. The communication was demonstrated by metrizamide computed tomographic cisternography before operation and was verified during operation.

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Ventricles; Dermoid Cyst; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Rupture, Spontaneous; Subarachnoid Space; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Serial electroencephalograms were obtained over a 24-hour period in 15 children from 3 months to 17 years following metrizamide CT cisternography. Persistent EEG abnormalities were noted in 8 children, 5 of whom were older than 2 years. Bifrontal slowing was a frequent change in the children older than 2 years.

Topics: Adolescent; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebellar Ataxia; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Metrizamide; Pneumoencephalography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Cisterna Magna; Cranial Fossa, Posterior; Epidermal Cyst; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

An adolescent female with downbeat nystagmus and long tract signs was evaluated by a number of diagnostic radiologic procedures. Metrizamide CT cisternography was the procedure that established the diagnosis by showing not only the tonsillar herniation, but also the medullocervical deformity characteristic of the Chiari type II malformation. This case report emphasizes the superior diagnostic capability of this technique with respect to conventional radiography in the diagnosis of Arnold-Chiari malformation.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Metrizamide; Movement Disorders; Myelography; Nystagmus, Pathologic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Computed tomography (CT) has made a profound impact on the diagnosis and treatment of neuroblastomas and ganglioneuromas. The size, location, calcification, composition, and contiguous spread of the tumors has been well demonstrated by CT. CT is essential for their staging, subsequent treatment, and follow-up. Seventy-seven children were reviewed, 67 with neuroblastoma and 10 with ganglioneuroma seen between 1976 and 1980. Fifty-eight had one or more body CT scans, 22 had metrizamide myelography and/or CT metrizamide myelography, and three patients had cranial CT. Intraspinal extension of tumor occurred in 11 instances, several requiring decompressive surgery. A workup plan for optimal use of CT and CT metrizamide myelography was developed from this experience.

Topics: Adolescent; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Ganglioneuroma; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Metrizamide; Myelography; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neuroblastoma; Retrospective Studies; Spinal Cord Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Atrophy; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebellar Diseases; Cerebellum; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cranial Fossa, Posterior; Cysts; Female; Hematoma; Humans; Image Enhancement; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Metrizamide; Skull; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Aqueduct; Cerebral Ventriculography; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Pineal Gland; Posture

In children, hypothalamic-hypophyseal syndromes such as diabetes insipidus, precocious puberty, growth retardation, and panhypopituitarism can be due either to structural lesions or to functional disorders of the cerebral endocrine complex. When clinical and endocrinological parameters fail to distinguish between these etiologies, neuroradiographical diagnosis becomes extremely important. Although conventional intravenously enhanced computed tomography (IVCT) is satisfactory for the diagnosis of lesions larger than 1 cm, metrizamide CT cisternography (MCTC) greatly improves the diagnostic yield for smaller juxtapituitary masses in the suprasellar cistern, clearly defines their sizes and relationships with contiguous structures, and definitively confirms the diagnosis of empty sella syndrome. Six patients with endocrinopathies and normal or ambiguous IVCT findings are presented to illustrate how MCTC can influence their management and outcome without the patient discomfort and technical complexity associated with pneumoencephalography.

Topics: Adenoma; Adolescent; Astrocytoma; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Dysgerminoma; Empty Sella Syndrome; Female; Hamartoma; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Infant; Male; Metrizamide; Pituitary Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tuber Cinereum

A group of 30 patients with sellar or parasellar lesions were investigated by CT-scan and hypocycloidal tomography after lumbar injection of water-soluble non ionic contrast media. The combination of the 2 techniques (CT-scan and tomography) allowed very satisfactory diagnostic results and the excellent tolerance of non-ionic contrast was confirmed in this patient series.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Cisterna Magna; Contrast Media; Female; Humans; Iopamidol; Iothalamic Acid; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Sella Turcica; Tomography, X-Ray; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Enhanced computerized tomography (CT) is a noninvasive means of monitoring blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. In the present study this technique was used to monitor the degree, distribution, extent, and reversibility of osmotic BBB disruption. With a canine model, the timing of administration of iodinated contrast agent was shown to be crucial to optimize enhancement by CT of the disrupted BBB. Meglumine iothalamate given intravenously resulted in excellent enhancement on CT scan. Intracarotid infusion of this contrast agent was less satisfactory. Under similar conditions, enhancement due to metrizamide was less marked and more transient than that observed with meglumine iothalamate. Systemically administered methotrexate after osmotic BBB disruption resulted in increased brain levels in areas that closely correlated with CT scan enhancement. These results suggest that the CT scan provides an excellent noninvasive monitor of both BBB disruption and the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the brain. (Neurosurgery 6: 49--56, 1980)

Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Chemistry; Brain Neoplasms; Dogs; Evans Blue; Hypertonic Solutions; Iothalamate Meglumine; Mannitol; Methotrexate; Metrizamide; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Staining and Labeling; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance

Topics: Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Brain Stem; Female; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The diagnosis of intracranial cystic lesions is greatly facilitated by cranial computerized tomography (CT) which eliminates the need for further invasive neuroradiological studies. However, cystic lesions with thin walls that do not enhance following intravenous contrast infusion, especially when they are located in the midline and at the base of the skull, may become a diagnostic problem preventing proper management and therapy. We discuss 12 midline intracranial lesions, including one that is noncystic, to emphasize the limitations of CT in showing these lesions and the need for further diagnostic studies such as pneumoencephalography and metrizamide CT. The limitations of CT in diagnosing these lesions are related to the variations in the anatomy at the base of the skull (supra-sellar region); the varying pathological nature and behavior of certain cystic lesions such as epidermoid tumors and craniopharyngiomas; and the compromising of the spatial and density resolutions due to the partial volume effect. The complementary role of studies such as pneumoencephalography and CT metrizamide cisternography for the evaluation of the dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid that are necessary for the proper management and therapy of patients is discussed.

Topics: Adult; Astrocytoma; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Child, Preschool; Craniopharyngioma; Cysts; Diatrizoate Meglumine; Epidermal Cyst; Female; Humans; Male; Metrizamide; Pneumoencephalography; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Subarachnoid Space; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The communication between the subarachnoid space and the surgically created tumor cavity in glioma patients was evaluated by metrizamide cisternography. It was necessary to know the presence or absence of such a communication to determine the route of administration of autologous lymphocytes as a form of immunotherapy. The contrast injections were made either into the spinal subarachnoid space or directly into the tumor cavity. The presence of communication was demonstrated and followed by computerized tomographic (CT) scanning. The results were also corroborated by comparing the white cell counts in the fluid from the tumor cavity and the spinal subarachnoid space 24 hours after autologous lymphoid cell infusion. In only two of seven patients was a communication present. In the five patients without a communication, the blocks were at the tentorial hiatus (one patient), due to a nonpatent subarachnoid space over the cerebral convexity (two patients), and the result of adhesions at the pial margin of the tumor cavity (three patients). In addition, certain limitations in the use of computerized tomography in the evaluation of glioma patients are demonstrated. These problems include the effects of steroids on tumor size, the poor correlation between "enhancement" on CT scan and tumor recurrence, and the difficulty of differentiating metrizamide and hemorrhage by CT scan in the immediate postoperative period. (Neurosurgery, 5: 576--582, 1979).

Topics: Adult; Astrocytoma; Blood Transfusion; Brain Neoplasms; Female; Glioblastoma; Glioma; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Lymphocyte Transfusion; Male; Metrizamide; Pneumoencephalography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Transplantation, Autologous

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Glioma; Humans; Metrizamide; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Twenty-three cases suspected of skull base tumors were examined by CT cisternography (CTC) with CT scanner (EMI 1010) from April, 1977 to March, 1978. The lesions in 20 cases were diagnosed as positive and confirmed by operation and/or autopsies. These include five acoustic neurinomas, six pituitary adenomas, two craniopharyngiomas, two skull base meningiomas, one arachnoid cyst and miscellaneous tumors. Isotonic Metrizamide solution four of 2-10 ml was injected via lumbar route. Patients were kept in 30 degrees Trendelenburg position for 60 minutes until the first scanning. Scannings were obtained 1, 3, 6, 24 and in some cases 48 hours after lumbar injection. No side effects except for headache, nausea, vomiting occurred. There were no convulsions. In diagnosing cerebellopontine angle tumors, the indirect signs such as asymmetrical ambient cisterns are of importance, when combined with direct signs, i.e. a shadow defect. Parasellar tumors are usually difficult to diagnose with conventional CT due to streak artifact caused by adjacent bony structure. In CTC the extrasellar extension of pituitary tumors were clearly visible. The size, shape, dimensions and the relationship to the adjacent structures of the craniopharyngiomas were easily demonstrated with CTC especially when a coronal view was added. In arachnoid cyst, CTC demonstrated the delayed turnover of Metrizamide between the cyst cavity and the adjacent subarachnoid space. In conclusion, CTC is an useful neuroradiological diagnostic adjunct because of minimal bony streak artifact and high spatial resolution. It would be expected that small tumors of even 2-3 mm in diameter might be diagnosed, from the fact that the middle cerebral artery in the suprasellar cistern is clearly visible as a shadow defect.

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Child; Cisterna Magna; Craniopharyngioma; Female; Humans; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Neuroma, Acoustic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The results obtained in 145 cases of space-occupying lesions in the sellar and suprasellar structures, after exploration with computer assisted tomography, were used to assess the technical and diagnostic value of this procedure. Precise details of the localization and extent of the lesion can be obtained, but not the nature of the lesion in many cases.

Topics: Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Humans; Metrizamide; Pneumoencephalography; Sella Turcica; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Computer tomography (CT) findings obtained from the first 3,000 scans on 2,031 patients were analyzed and discussions were made on various kinds of neurological diseases, especially from the neurosurgical point of view. CT showed an excellent resolution for three-dimensional morphological pattern of intracranial lesion with a high percentage of diagnostic accuracy as reported from other institutes, resulting in making much earlier morphological diagnosis of intracranial lesion possible than any other examination. Scan methods consisted of plain CT, contrast enhanced CT, and metrizamide CT cisternography. Sequential delayed enhanced CT offered more useful information for high diagnostic accuracy, particularly for nature of brain tumor. Metrizamide CT cisternography was performed for the evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and diagnosis of skull base tumors. CT is a new, epoch-making and non-invasive diagnostic approach in neuroradiology and contributes to obtain the better achievement of neurosurgical results.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Child; Child, Preschool; Contrast Media; Craniocerebral Trauma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Head; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Metrizamide was injected into the ventricular system of three adults and five children with indwelling ventricular catheters and subcutaneous CSF reservoirs. A first-order rate constant, k, for metrizamide washout from one lateral ventricle was determined with reference to ventricular metrizamide concentration on serial (up to six) postinjection CT scans. Lateral ventricular volume, Vv, was estimated after metrizamide injection by a planimetric method and by partial volume analysis, an interactive computerized technique. The rate of lateral ventricular CSF formation, If, was calculated as k X Vv and ranged from 0.0622 to 0.103 ml/min. Precise measurements of lateral ventricular CSF bulk flow depend upon adequate mixing of the injected contrast material with ventricular CSF and accurate measurements of lateral ventricular volume.

Topics: Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Ventriculography; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Child; Humans; Metrizamide; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Metrizamide CT cisternography (CTC) was performed for the evaluation of CSF dynamics and the diagnosis of skull-base tumors. Results of CTC in 52 cases examined for the study of CSF dynamics correlated well with those of isotope cisternography. However, the degree and duration of ventricular stasis of metrizamide and its transition into a periventricular low-density area in hydrocephalus were recognized more accurately in CTC. Twenty out of 23 cases with suspected skull-base tumor were diagnosed as positive and confirmed by operation. CTC was especially useful in parasellar, CP angle, and other posterior fossa tumors.

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Ventricles; Cerebral Ventriculography; Humans; Metrizamide; Radionuclide Imaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Seventeen cases with (obstructive) lesions in the region of the tentorial hiatus were examined with an EMI CT 1010 brain scanner, of which 8 had additional intrathecal metrizamide. Findings were compared with information received from angiographic studies and conventional contrast examinations of the intracranial CSF spaces and with CT scans of patients presenting with herniation at the tentorial hiatus. CT, including enhancement and intrathecal metrizamide, did not yield optimal information about exact localisation or infiltrative growth of lesions. A combination with conventional procedures was needed in order to obtain essential information.

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Cerebellar Diseases; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebral Aqueduct; Cerebral Ventriculography; Constriction, Pathologic; Humans; Metrizamide; Radionuclide Imaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The excellently low toxicity of a non-ionic watersoluble contrast medium Amipaque (Metrizamide), which is used for ventriculography, was confirmed by animal experiment and clinical application. In the animal experiment, 20 adult mongrel dogs were used and in each of them 1.5-5.0 ml of Amipaque was injected intraventriculary or intracisternally. As a result, we obtained a finding that the Amipaque is cleary safe compared with other watersoluble contrast media, espcially on epileptogenicity, while having an effect on the definition of picture and the nature of cerebrospinal fluid similar to other watersoluble contrast media. Thereafter, 14 ventriculographies were performed for 11 neurosurgical patients by using 4-10 ml of amipaque. Though one patient complained of a light headache after the examination, in no cases could convulsive complication be observed. The experience of this new medium gave us an impression that ventriculography with watersoluble contrast media will take the place of pneumoventriculography.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Ventriculography; Child; Contrast Media; Dogs; Female; Humans; Iodobenzoates; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pain, Intractable; Pinealoma

The methodology and clinical use of metrizamide (Amipaque) computed tomography (CT) cisternography are described as applied in the cases of 22 children with morphologic and physiologic abnormalities affecting the cranial portion portion of the central nervous system. In contrast to pneumoencephalography, CT cisternography affords equivalent or superior visualization of the basal cranal subarachnoid spaces with simpler technique and low morbidity. Intrathecal metrizamide enchancement in children causes a very low incidence of side effects.

Topics: Adenoma, Chromophobe; Adolescent; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Brain Stem; Child; Child, Preschool; Contrast Media; Cysts; Encephalomalacia; Glioma; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Injections, Spinal; Iodobenzoates; Metrizamide; Myelography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Aqueduct; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cysts; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Intracranial Pressure; Meningioma; Metrizamide; Papilloma; Subarachnoid Space; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Computed tomographic scans were performed in 34 patients following lumbar introduction of metrizamide. Imaging of the cranial spaces was obtained with horizontal and inclined (25 degrees) as well as coronal planes. Mass lesions within and encroaching upon the cisternal spaces were demonstrated, and the ventricular system was shown with varying degrees of opacification. Coronal and semicoronal views facilitated the localization of parasellar and incisural mass lesions.

Topics: Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Humans; Metrizamide; Pneumoencephalography; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Adenoma; Brain Neoplasms; Computers; Contrast Media; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Iodobenzoates; Metrizamide; Sella Turcica; Tomography, X-Ray

Metrizamide cisternography, combined with hypocycloidal tomography, has been performed in 12 patients with possible posterior fossa or parasellar mass lesions with finely detailed images of the basal cisterns resulting. Computed tomography was performed in nine of these patients and produced exceptional images of the cisternal anatomy. The technique of cerebrospinal fluid enhancement may be efficacious in identifying small basal masses not shown with conventional computed tomography, and thus may form an important complement to enhancement by intravenous injection of contrast medium.

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Brain Stem; Cerebral Ventriculography; Humans; Iodobenzoates; Metrizamide

Greater diagnostic accuracy of lesions of the third and fourth ventricles and aqueduct has resulted from the use of positive contrast ventriculography with the watersoluble medium Amipaque. The examination is performed more easily than with gas ventriculography and has caused no distress or complication in 47 patients.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Aqueduct; Cerebral Ventriculography; Child; Child, Preschool; Contrast Media; Female; Humans; Infant; Iodobenzoates; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Solubility; Water

Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; Female; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Male; Metrizamide; Middle Aged; Myelography; Pneumoencephalography; Solubility; Tomography, X-Ray; Water