methylnaltrexone and Nausea

We examined the effect of methylnaltrexone on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a prospective double-blind placebo controlled study. One hundred and twenty female patients undergoing laparoscopic major gynecological surgery were allocated randomly to receive either 20 mg methylnaltrexone or placebo IV at the end of surgery. Postoperative nausea and vomiting was evaluated for 6 h after admission to the PACU and assessed by number of episodes and degree of severity. The incidences of nausea and vomiting for the placebo group were 27 and 18 percent, respectively. The corresponding values for the methylnaltrexone group were 20 and 10 percent. We conclude that methylnaltrexone did not prevent nor significantly reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting following a balanced anesthetic technique in gynecological procedures.

Topics: Adult; Antiemetics; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nausea; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Vomiting

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anorexia; Chronic Disease; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Drug Administration Schedule; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Gastroparesis; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nausea; Neuralgia; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Treatment Outcome; Vomiting

Topics: Blood-Brain Barrier; Constipation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nausea; Neoplasms; Orphan Drug Production; Pain; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration