methylcellulose and Pain

Topics: Adult; Animals; Blood Cell Count; Blood Sedimentation; Cecum; Child; Chronic Disease; Colonic Diseases, Functional; Constipation; Diarrhea; Diet; Diverticulum, Colon; Female; Fruit; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Intestines; Male; Methylcellulose; Milk; Pain; Parasympatholytics; Psychotherapy; Sigmoidoscopy; Stress, Psychological; Syndrome

Administration of lidocaine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as a routine procedure for relief of dental pains by and large is restricted due to some side effects. Amitriptyline (AM) has long been known to exert analgesic activity as a result of blocking the Na⁺ channels. The objective of the present investigation was to prepare suitable buccoadhesive tablets using cellulose derivatives in order to obtain new formulations containing AM to provide local analgesic action. The tablets were evaluated in terms of physical characteristics, mucoadhesion performance, drug release, and in vivo assessment of analgesic efficiency. Tablets containing higher amounts of high-viscosity hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC-K4M) significantly demonstrated enhanced adhesive performances. On the other hand, presence of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) in formulations including HPMC of lower-viscosity grade (HPMC-E5LV) provided further adhesiveness by increase in viscosity. Rate of drug release from HPMC-E5LV tablets was significantly higher than the HPMC-K4M tablets. Kinetically, patterns of AM release from the tablets fitted best to Higuchi model. Moreover, in a randomized double-blind trial, analgesic efficiency of the prepared bioadhesive tablets was revealed to be satisfactory. It is suggested that applying the topical AM mucoadhesive tablet containing the low amount of drug is a safe and promising alternative to relief the pain in the buccal region.

Topics: Adhesiveness; Administration, Buccal; Adult; Amitriptyline; Analgesia; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Dentistry, Operative; Double-Blind Method; Drug Compounding; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Hardness; Humans; Hypromellose Derivatives; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Pain; Pain Measurement; Tablets; Young Adult

PL cream (combination of lidocaine and procaine) was launched on the market in April 2012 in Japan. We investigated differences in the anesthetic effect by employing two types of base: Carbopol and methylcellulose. Electron microscopy showed a distinct difference in appearance: densely-scattered, fine particles for Carbopol and sparse, large particles for methylcellulose. Accordingly, the extensibility of the cream was significantly greater at 4 and 25 degrees centigrade for methylcellulose, but was greater at 34 degrees centigrade for Carbopol. The steady flow viscosity (1 s(-1)) was greater for the Carbopol than methylcellulose base. The difference in the cutaneous permeability between the two bases increased over time: the methylcellulose base was removed at 90 min after application and, 30 min later, showed a significant difference. These results suggest that the methylcellulose base has a superior anesthetic effect in clinical settings.

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Administration, Topical; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Male; Methylcellulose; Mice; Mice, Nude; Ointment Bases; Pain; Permeability; Skin; Viscosity

Topics: Analgesia; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Catheters, Indwelling; Drug Combinations; Gelatin; Humans; Injections, Epidural; Methylcellulose; Morphine; Neoplasms; Pain; Pectins; Polyenes; Tissue Adhesives

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Female; Humans; Keratoconjunctivitis; Light; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Pain; Phobic Disorders; Practolol

Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Codeine; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Escape Reaction; Haplorhini; Macaca; Male; Methylcellulose; Nicotinic Acids; Pain; Sensory Receptor Cells; Time Factors; Toluidines

Topics: Amputation Stumps; Diathermy; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Hydrocortisone; Methylcellulose; Neuroma; Pain; Phantom Limb; Procaine; Psychophysiology; Psychotherapy; Radiography; Tranquilizing Agents

Topics: Anesthesia, Dental; Benzocaine; Dentistry; Methylcellulose; Mouth Diseases; Occlusive Dressings; Ointments; Pain; Pectins; Polyethylenes; Tooth Extraction; Wound Healing