methylcellulose and Liver-Neoplasms

To determine the value of MR enteroclysis (MRE) in the localization and characterization of primary carcinoid tumors of the small bowel and to describe typical imaging features.. Twenty patients with suspicion of primary small bowel carcinoid tumors (pCT) were recruited to undergo MRE following nasojejunal intubation and small bowel filling with 2.5 l of 0.5% methylcellulose solution under MR fluoroscopic guidance. MRE was performed on a 1.5 T MR scanner including T2w SSFSE, SSFP and contrast enhanced T1w GRE sequences with fat saturation. Fifteen patients, who subsequently had surgery for resection of their pCT, were retrospectively included in the study. All MRE were analyzed as for the presence, location, number, size, multiplicity and morphologic appearance of the pCT by two board certified radiologists in consensus. The conspicuity of the tumors was rated for each sequence type separately, according to a 4-point rating scale. Signal intensity measurements were performed in tumor and muscle. The presence of desmoplastic reaction, vascular involvement and lymph node metastases was also analyzed.. pCT were correctly identified and localized in 14/15 patients. Due to their hyperenhancement tumors was best detected on contrast-enhanced T1w fat saturated GRE sequences. SSFSE was clearly inferior with the tumors being either hyperintense or isointense to muscle. pCT appeared as nodular intraluminal masses in 40% of the cases, as focal wall thickening in 33.3% and in 20% with both. Mean size was 25 (7-46 mm) with a tendency to smaller size for ileal tumors. MRE failed to depict superficial micronodular peritoneal spread in one patient. Desmoplastic reaction was observed in 73.3% of the cases with mesenteric masses exhibiting lower signal than the pCT due to fibrotic changes.. MRE is a valuable method for the detection and localization of primary carcinoid tumors, provided that appropriate bowel distension is achieved. Various characteristic morphologic features could be identified which may contribute to characterize pCT and their loco-regional metastases.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoid Tumor; Contrast Media; Disease Progression; Female; Fluoroscopy; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Ileal Neoplasms; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Intestinal Neoplasms; Intestine, Small; Intubation, Gastrointestinal; Jejunal Neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Dextrans; Drug Combinations; Embolization, Therapeutic; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable; Humans; Iodamide; Iodobenzoates; Iron; Liver Neoplasms; Methylcellulose; Prognosis

Topics: Animals; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Dextrans; Drug Combinations; Embolization, Therapeutic; Humans; Iodamide; Iodobenzoates; Iron; Kidney Neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetics; Male; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Rabbits

Protein factors that stimulate DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in vitro have been purified from Novikoff ascites cells. These factors are not adsorbed by the diethylaminoethylcellulose column used for RNA polymerase purification and appear in the flow-through fraction. They can be fractionated into two classes by chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose. The first peak of activity elutes at 0.1 M NH(4)Cl, is stable to heat treatment of 100 degrees for 5 min, and is designated heat-stable factor; the second peak of activity elutes at 0.3 M NH(4)Cl, is heat labile, and is designated heat-labile factor. Heat-labile factor can be further resolved into two components by chromatography on phosphocellulose. The heat-stable factor and second heat-labile factor stimulate the activity of (Novikoff ascites) RNA polymerase B by several-fold, and appear to function independently. RNA synthesis is stimulated only with native DNA as a template. No stimulation of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase is observed with any of the factors.

Topics: Animals; Buffers; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Deoxyribonucleases; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; DNA, Neoplasm; Escherichia coli; Hot Temperature; Liver Neoplasms; Methods; Methylcellulose; Neoplasms, Experimental; Proteins; Rats; Ribonucleases; RNA, Neoplasm; Solubility; Stimulation, Chemical; Templates, Genetic; Uracil Nucleotides

Topics: Adenoma; Animals; Body Weight; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Diet; Female; Food Additives; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Methylcellulose; Neoplasms; Rats; Skin Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Female; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Methylcellulose; Mice; Neoplasm Metastasis; Polysaccharides; Resins, Plant; Sarcoma 180; Time Factors

Topics: Acetates; Aflatoxins; Animals; Arachis; Caprylates; Carcinogens; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cottonseed Oil; Fishes; Gossypol; Liver Neoplasms; Methylcellulose; Neoplasms, Experimental