methylcellulose and Hypersensitivity

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may represent a mode of allergy prevention. Cord blood (CB) CD34+ hemopoietic progenitors are altered in infants at risk of atopy. We therefore studied the effects of dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation during pregnancy on numbers and function of progenitors in neonates at high risk of atopy. In a double-blind study, atopic, pregnant women were randomized to receive fish oil capsules or placebo from 20 wk gestation until delivery. At birth, CB CD34+ cells were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry for expression of cytokine (IL-5Ralpha, IL-3Ralpha, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor Ralpha) or chemokine (CXCR4 and CCR3) receptors. CB cells were also cultured in methylcellulose assays for eosinophil/basophil colony-forming cells. At age 1 y, infants were clinically assessed for atopic symptoms and skin tests. Percentages of CB CD34+ cell numbers were higher after n-3 PUFA than placebo. Co-expression of cytokine or chemokine receptors on CD34 cells was not altered by n-3 PUFA supplementation. However, there were significantly more IL-5-responsive CB eosinophil/basophil colony forming units (Eo/B-CFU) in the fish oil, compared with the control, group. Overall, there was a positive association between CD34+ cells and IL-5-responsive Eo/B-CFU in CB and 1 y clinical outcomes, including atopic dermatitis and wheeze. Dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation during pregnancy in atopic mothers alters infant cord blood hemopoietic progenitor phenotype. This may have an impact on development of atopic disease.

Topics: Antigens, CD34; Cytokines; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Fetal Blood; Fish Oils; Flow Cytometry; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Interleukin-5; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Methylcellulose; Odds Ratio; Phenotype; Placebos; Pregnancy; Risk; Stem Cells; Time Factors

Intravenous provocation (IVP) tests demonstrated that hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (MC) was able to elicit anaphylactic signs in cattle vaccinated with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine produced at one centre but not with similar vaccine produced at another. The former vaccine also provoked serum reagins which were demonstrated by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests in goats. Reaginic sera which reacted specifically with MC were used in PCA tests to screen samples taken serially from the vaccine production lines. The reactions observed suggested that a substance with MC or similar specificity was present in the antifoaming agent routinely added to vaccines.

Topics: Amino Acids; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Cattle; Culture Media; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Foot-and-Mouth Disease; Goats; Hypersensitivity; Injections, Intradermal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Methylcellulose; Neomycin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Polymyxins; Vaccination; Viral Vaccines

The response to passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, dermal hypersensitivity and intravenous provocation tests has been compared in 30, 40, 31 and 24 cattle injected with foot-and-mouth disease vaccine 0, 1, 2 and 3 times respectively, using vaccine components and other substances as test materials. Reaginic antibodies demonstrated by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in goats, were directed against BHK 21 cell extracts (20), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (3) and an unidentified vaccine component (3), and distributed in 0, 5, 19 and 75 per cent of the cattle vaccinated 0, 1, 2 and 3 times. None of the animals showed clinical signs of allergy after vaccination. When BHK 21 cell extract was injected intradermally a significant correlation was noted between the development of large weals and the presence of reagins although the size of the weals was not correlated with the reagin titres. In the case of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose a similar trend was evident. The majority of cattle with large dermal weals possessed reagins but the number of reactions was too small for statistical evaluation. Dermal reactions to sodium penicillin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, saponin and whole vaccine occurred in both unvaccinated and vaccinated cattle but BHK 21 cell lysate and normal bovine serum provoked weals which increased in frequency according to the number of vaccinations experienced. Intravenous hydroxypropylmethylcellulose elicited a response in all the animals previously injected with certain batches of vaccine but cell extract intravenously produced a clinical response in half the tested animals which was uncorrelated with the results of the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis or dermal hypersensitivity tests.

Topics: 1-Propanol; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antibody Formation; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Cell Line; Cricetinae; Foot-and-Mouth Disease; Goats; Hypersensitivity; Kidney; Methylcellulose; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Propanols; Reagins; Skin Tests; Vaccination; Viral Vaccines

Topics: Benzalkonium Compounds; Boric Acids; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Eye Diseases; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Imidazoles; Methylcellulose; Naphazoline; Ophthalmic Solutions; Vasoconstrictor Agents

Topics: Allergens; Antibodies; Antigens; Cellulose; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; gamma-Globulins; Histamine Release; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Immune Sera; Immunization; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Leukocytes; Methylcellulose; Pollen