methylcellulose and Helicobacter-Infections

The immunogenicity of oral subunit vaccines is poor partly as a result of the harsh milieu of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. For some pathogens that restrictedly inhabit the GI tract, a vaccine that works in situ may provide more potent protection than vaccines that operate parenterally. Yet, no appropriate delivery system is available for oral subunit vaccines. In this study, we designed HP55/poly( n-butylcyanoacrylate) (PBCA) nanoparticles (NPs) to carry Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) subunit vaccine CCF for oral administration in a prophylactic mice model. These NPs, which are synthesized using an interfacial polymerization method, protected the CCF antigen not only from the acidic pH in simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH 1.2) but also from the proteolysis in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF, pH 7.4). Oral vaccination of mice with HP55/PBCA-CCF NPs promoted the production of serum antigen-specific antibodies, mucosal secretory IgA, and proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, a Th1/Th17 response and augmented lymphocytes were found in the gastric tissue of HP55/PBCA-CCF NP-immunized mice, which might eventually limit H. pylori colonization. Collectively, these results indicate that HP55/PBCA NPs are promising carriers against the severe situation of the GI tract and thereby may be further utilized for other orally administrated vaccines or drugs.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antigens, Bacterial; Bacterial Vaccines; Cyanoacrylates; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Carriers; Female; Gastrointestinal Tract; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunogenicity, Vaccine; Male; Methylcellulose; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nanoparticles; Proteolysis; Vaccines, Subunit

An objective of the present study was to develop alginate/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) based floating-mucoadhesive beads of clarithromycin to provide prolonged contact time of antibiotic to treat stomach ulcer. Floating-mucoadhesive beads were prepared and characterized for in vitro performance followed by investigation of ex vivo study in albino-wistar rats. Beads were prepared by ionic gelation technique where calcium chloride used as gelating agent and incorporated liquid paraffin for floating of the beads. Prepared beads were evaluated extensively for particle size, drug entrapment; swelling and surface morphology by using scanning electron microscopy. X-ray radioimaging study in rabbits, in vitro mucoadhesion using rat stomach mucosal membrane and in vitro drug release studies were carried out. Ex vivo performance of alginate-HPMC beads were studied using albino rats in comparison to simple alginate-calcium beads. Alginate-HPMC beads may be suitable floating-muco-adhesive drug delivery system for delivering clarithromycin to treat stomach ulcers.

Topics: Alginates; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Clarithromycin; Delayed-Action Preparations; Glucuronic Acid; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Hexuronic Acids; Humans; Hypromellose Derivatives; Methylcellulose; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Topics: Amoxicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Carcinogenicity Tests; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epithelial Cells; Gastric Mucosa; Gerbillinae; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Hypromellose Derivatives; Male; Methylcellulose; Omeprazole; Ophthalmic Solutions; Stomach Neoplasms