methylcellulose and Cataract

34 senile cataract patients were randomly divided into groups of 1% sodium hyaluronate (Healon) 14 patients, 2% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) 10 patients and Viscose 10 patients for extracapsular cataract extraction with IOL implantation. The rate of endothelial cell loss, the corneal thickness, the intraocular pressure, and the anterior chamber reactions were investigated; the toxicity of the viscoelastic substances on human corneal endothelial cells was studied in vitro for comparative evaluation.

Topics: Cataract; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Cornea; Endothelium, Corneal; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Hypromellose Derivatives; Intraocular Pressure; Lenses, Intraocular; Methylcellulose

Topics: Capsulorhexis; Cataract; Humans; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Methylcellulose; Ophthalmology; Viscoelastic Substances

Topics: Capsulorhexis; Cataract; Humans; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Methylcellulose; Ophthalmology; Viscoelastic Substances

We attempted to develop anti-cataract eye drops using disulfiram (DSF) and low-substituted methylcellulose (MC), and evaluated their anti-cataract effect in terms of the lens opacification vs. age-profile curves using a one-exponential equation. The eye drops were prepared using 0.5% DSF and 2% MC (DSF eye drops), and ICR/f rats, a recessive-type hereditary cataractous strain, were used as the experimental model. Gelation of DSF eye drops containing MC was first observed at about 35°C, close to body temperature. In in vivo transcorneal penetration experiments using rabbit corneas, only diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) was detected in the aqueous humor, while DSF was not detected. The DDC penetration level of DSF eye drops containing MC was approximately 1.3-fold higher than that of DSF eye drops. The opacification rate constant (k) of ICR/f rat instilled with DSF eye drops with or without MC was lower, and the initial time of opacification (τ) was longer than those of ICR/f rats instilled with saline. Furthermore, the k of ICR/f rats instilled with DSF eye drops with MC was lower than that of ICR/f rats instilled with DSF eye drops without MC. In conclusion, the analysis of kinetic parameters including k and τ using a one-exponential equation provided useful information for clarifying the anti-cataract effect of eye drops. ICR/f rats instilled with DSF eye drops using a low-substituted MC-based drug delivery system demonstrated a delay in cataract development, probably resulting from an increase in the retention of DSF eye drops on the cornea.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cataract; Disease Models, Animal; Disulfiram; Drug Carriers; Hypromellose Derivatives; Male; Methylcellulose; Ophthalmic Solutions; Rabbits; Rats

To study the effect of chloral hydrate in the eye lens in mice.. We instilled tropicamide in the eyes of two groups of eight 129 strain wild-type mice and injected chloral hydrate intraperitoneally (400 mg/kg). A drop of hypromellosum solution was additionally instilled in the eye of the second group to reduce corneal dehydration. The lens was inspected at several time intervals with a standard slit lamp biomicroscope after the injection.. No lens opacification was found in any animal after the topical administration of tropicamide. On the contrary, the intraperitoneal administration of chloral hydrate produced lens opacification in both groups of animals.. We show that chloral hydrate, when used intraperitoneally, induces acute and reversible lens opacification in all animals. In addition, we found that instillation of hypromellose solution does not prevent the lens opacification caused by chloral hydrate injection. We hypothesized some plausible explanations for these findings.

Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cataract; Chloral Hydrate; Hypromellose Derivatives; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Lens, Crystalline; Methylcellulose; Mice; Ophthalmic Solutions

To compare surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) after coaxial 1.8 mm microincision cataract surgery (MICS) and bimanual 1.7 mm MICS calculated with 3 mathematical methods.. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.. Study comprised a nonrandomized prospective consecutive series of 58 eyes of 58 patients who had uneventful coaxial MICS with implantation of an Akreos MI60 foldable intraocular lens (IOL) using a 1.8 mm temporal clear corneal incision. Fifty eyes of 50 patients who had uneventful bimanual MICS through a 1.7 mm clear corneal incision for a sleeveless phaco tip and a 1.5 mm side port for an irrigating chopper with implantation of an Acri.Smart 48S foldable IOL served as a comparison group. All surgery was performed by 2 experienced surgeons. Surgically induced astigmatism was calculated using 3 methods.. The patients were examined preoperatively and 2 weeks to 1 month postoperatively. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were seen in any patient. The corrected distance visual acuity improved significantly in both groups after surgery (P<.01); the visual outcomes were not significantly different (P>.05). In vector analysis, the mean SIA was 0.42 +/- 0.29 in the coaxial MICS group and 0.50 +/- 0.24 in the bimanual group; the difference was not statistically significant (P>.05). In vector decomposition, the mean SIA (C90) coaxial MICS group was 0.23 +/- 0.29 in the coaxial MICS group and 0.23 +/- 0.22 in the bimanual MICS group; the difference was not significant. Using the Naeser method, DeltaKP-90 was calculated, amounting to 0.05 +/- 0.44 in the coaxial MICS group and -0.04 +/- 0.42 in the bimanual MICS group; the difference was not significant.. The amount of SIA induced by bimanual MICS and coaxial MICS phacoemulsification was very small. The bimanual MICS induced a slightly higher degree of SIA; however, according to all methods of SIA analysis, there was no significant difference in the mean SIA induced by both techniques.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Astigmatism; Cataract; Cornea; Female; Humans; Hypromellose Derivatives; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Male; Methylcellulose; Microsurgery; Middle Aged; Phacoemulsification; Prospective Studies; Refraction, Ocular; Viscosupplements; Visual Acuity

In this study, we attempted to enhance disulfiram (DSF) solubility using a 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPbetaCD) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). We also investigated the effect of an HPbetaCD solution containing DSF and HPMC (DSF eye drops) on cataract development in ICR/f rat. The solubility of DSF increased with increasing HPbetaCD concentration, and the solubility of DSF in HPbetaCD solution containing 0.1% HPMC was approximately 20% greater than that of DSF in HPbetaCD solution without HPMC. In in vivo transcorneal penetration experiments using rabbits, only diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) was detected (DSF was not detected) in the aqueous humor. This DSF-DDC conversion in the cornea was inhibited by treatment with a sulfhydryl (SH) inhibitor, p-mercuribenzoate and N-ethylmaleimide, in in vitro transcorneal penetration experiments using rabbit corneas. On the other hand, the instillation of 0.25% and 0.5% DSF eye drops delayed cataract development in ICR/f rats, a recessive-type hereditary cataractous strain. The present study demonstrates that DSF in HPbetaCD solution with HPMC is converted to DDC by the catalysis of proteins containing SH residues in the cornea, and this DDC may cause the delay in cataract development in ICR/f rats.

Topics: 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; Animals; beta-Cyclodextrins; Cataract; Cornea; Disulfiram; Ditiocarb; Excipients; Hypromellose Derivatives; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Indicators and Reagents; Methylcellulose; Ophthalmic Solutions; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Solubility

Topics: Animals; Cataract; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Endothelium, Corneal; Formaldehyde; Lens, Crystalline; Methanol; Methylcellulose; Ophthalmology; Phacoemulsification; Swine

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a step-by-step, chop in situ, lateral separation technique to remove brunescent and black cataracts.. Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Center, Ahmedabad, India.. In this prospective study conducted between May 1997 and June 1998, 167 consecutive eyes were divided into 2 groups: Group 1, brunescent cataract (n = 123), and Group 2, black cataract (n = 44). Preoperative assessment included axial length (AL), slitlamp examination, corneal pachymetry, tonometry, and specular microscopy. During phacoemulsification performed by a single surgeon, a step-by-step, chop in situ, lateral separation technique was used to divide the nucleus. Intraoperatively, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2% was used and irrigation was by balanced salt solution (BSS). Postoperatively, all eyes were assessed at 1, 7, 30, 90, 180, and 360 days. The results were evaluated using regression analysis, the chi-square test, and the Student t test.. The mean follow-up was 14.4 months (range 6 to 35 months) in Group 1 and 13.0 months (range 6 to 32 months) in Group 2. The AL was significantly greater in Group 2 (P =.02). Corticapsular adhesions were present in 17.82% in Group 1 and 31.82% in Group 2. The mean cumulative dissipated energy was 2.03 and 3.12, respectively (P =.0005). Wound site thermal injury occurred in 16 eyes (13.01%) in Group 1 and 4 eyes (9.09%) in Group 2. No serious intraoperative or postoperative complications were noted. One day postoperatively, the mean rise in intraocular pressure was 1.76 mm Hg in Group 1 and 4.15 mm Hg in Group 2 (P =.012), and transient corneal edema was present in 24.40% and 34.10%, respectively. At 1 month, the endothelial cell loss was 10.06% in Group 1 and 9.22% in Group 2.. The step-by-step, chop in situ, lateral separation technique was effective and did not produce serious complications such as zonulysis or posterior capsule rupture. However, the incidence of wound site thermal injury and endothelial cell loss was greater than after emulsification of standard cataracts.

Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cataract; Drug Combinations; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypromellose Derivatives; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Minerals; Phacoemulsification; Prospective Studies; Safety; Sodium Chloride; Tonometry, Ocular