methylcellulose and Acute-Disease

To describe a patient with scleral dellen after pterygium excision with intraoperative mitomycin C.. Case report and MEDLINE review of the medical literature on scleral dellen after bare sclera technique.. A 48-year-old man had a left nasal pterygium excised by the bare sclera technique with intraoperative mitomycin C. Eight days after surgery, the patient noticed a small black spot in the bare sclera area with mild irritation. Slit-lamp examination revealed a focal area of extreme thinning, centered on the nonepithelialized bare sclera, surrounded by edematous conjunctiva. The ciliary body was visible through the thin and dry scleral lesion. After topical lubricant therapy, the scleral lesion appeared normal thickness and white in color 3 days later. Therapy was continued until the sclera epithelialized.. Scleral dellen is an early postoperative complication of bare sclera technique owing to delayed conjunctival wound closure. Hydration of the thinned sclera will rapidly thicken it. However, medical therapy should be continued until the surrounding conjunctiva has flattened and the sclera has epithelialized. Surgical wound closure is an alternative management and may be the way to prevent scleral dellen formation after bare sclera technique. All patients after bare sclera surgery should be followed up until the conjunctival wound has healed. If delayed healing is found, frequent artificial tears, patching, or surgical intervention is necessary.

Topics: Acute Disease; Humans; Intraoperative Period; Lactose; Lubrication; Male; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Mitomycin; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; Oxazines; Postoperative Complications; Pterygium; Sclera; Scleral Diseases; Wound Healing

Topics: Acute Disease; Agar; Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Cells, Cultured; Chronic Disease; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Humans; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Methylcellulose; Multiple Myeloma

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Cilia; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Gels; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Male; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Mucus; Nasal Mucosa; Neomycin; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Phenylephrine; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal

To evaluate the effectiveness of phacoemulsification and viscogoniosynechialysis in managing refractory acute angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) unresponsive to laser iridotomy and medical therapy.. Department of Ophthalmology, Khalili Hospital, Shiraz Medical University, Shiraz, Iran.. Eleven patients with acute ACG who did not respond to standard therapy and who had peripheral anterior synechia (PAS) of 270 degrees or less had phacoemulsification and viscogoniosynechialysis. After phacoemulsification, the anterior chamber was deepened with an ophthalmic viscosurgical device, which was then injected near the angle without touching any ocular structure to release the PAS.. Eleven patients with a mean age of 58.9 years were included over a mean follow-up of 7.8 months. Preoperatively, the mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was 39.4 mm Hg and the mean number of antiglaucoma medications, 3.8. Postoperatively, the mean IOP decreased to 13.4 mm Hg (P = .003) and the mean number of medications, to 0.4 (P = .002). The mean logMAR visual acuity improved from 0.94 to 0.55 (P = .007). In 8 eyes (72.8%), IOP was controlled without antiglaucoma therapy. Of patients whose IOP was controlled with medication, 1 was on 3 medications and the others on 1 medication. In all patients except the one whose IOP was controlled by 3 medications, the previously occluded trabecular meshwork was exposed over 360 degrees on gonioscopy.. Combined phacoemulsification and viscogoniosynechialysis was an effective and safe treatment for the management of refractory acute ACG that was unresponsive to laser iridotomy and medical therapy.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Female; Filtering Surgery; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans; Hypromellose Derivatives; Intraocular Pressure; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Male; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Phacoemulsification; Treatment Outcome; Visual Acuity

The effects of ocular acute hypertension experimentally induced on the astrocyte cells of rat have been studied. Evaluation was made of the damage to the chromatin of those cells by means of cytochemical (haematoxylin-eosin) analysis and of the state of fragmentation of the DNA by means of the TUNEL technique as well as the protective effect of the peroxide scavenger, troxol, on those events.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Astrocytes; Chromatin; DNA Fragmentation; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Methylcellulose; Ocular Hypertension; Optic Nerve; Rats; Rats, Wistar

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of IL-8 in exudates clinically obtained from normal and inflamed human dental pulp tissues so as to reveal the possible relationship between IL-8 and pulpitis.. Samples of 2 microliters of pulpal exudate from each normal or clinically diagnosed as acute or chronic pulpitis teeth was obtained by filter paper strips and IL-8 level was measured by ELISA method.. No IL-8 was detected in the samples from normal pulp, but significant amount of IL-8 appeared in inflamed pulp tissues, and the level of IL-8 in exudates of acute stage of pulpitis was higher than that of chronic stage (P < 0.01).. This study demonstrates that IL-8 is produced and accumulated in pulp inflammation and may play a role in the occurrence and development of human pulpitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Dental Pulp; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Exudates and Transudates; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-8; Methylcellulose; Pulpitis

The effects of experimental hypertension on retinal cells were studied. Evaluation was made of IOP levels and degree of cell damage by cytochemical and DNA analysis, and degeneration modes: necrosis and apoptosis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Apoptosis; DNA; Follow-Up Studies; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Methylcellulose; Necrosis; Ocular Hypertension; Rats; Retina; Retinal Degeneration

Regulatory molecules that affect the growth culture of blast cells from acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) may also alter drug sensitivity, a phenomenon that may be called regulated drug sensitivity. Previous studies have shown: (i) blast cells exposed to retinoic acid before cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) usually show increased sensitivity, but after some retinoic acid exposure times, sensitivity may be decreased; (ii) factor-sensitive or responsive blasts cultured with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) are regularly more Ara-C-sensitive than when cultured with granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF). This paper is concerned with the effects of schedule on drug sensitivity as regulated by either retinoic acid or the myelopoietic growth factors, G-CSF and GM-CSF. We measured the effects of retinoic acid on the sensitivity of blasts cells from the two continuous AML lines to Ara-C or arabinofuranosyl 5-azacytosine (Ara-AC). Cells from seven patients with AML were tested for Ara-C sensitivity in conjunction with retinoic acid. The cells were treated with retinoic acid before or after administration of the drug. Both increases and decreases in Ara-C sensitivity were seen for both schedules. Consistent increases in Ara-C sensitivity were obtained when retinoic acid was included in the methylcellulose cultures used to determine clonogenic cell recovery at each drug dose. In studies of growth factors, a single factor-dependent cell line (OCI/AML-5) was used to compare the effects of G-CSF and GM-CSF on Ara-C sensitivity. An experimental design was used that permitted factors to present in culture for 24 h before Ara-C, during the next 24 h period with the drug, for a subsequent day in suspension without drug, and during the 5-7 days required for colony formation in methylcellulose cultures. G-CSF and GM-CSF were most effective in increasing or decreasing Ara-C, respectively, when the factor under test was included in the methylcellulose cultures. Thus, like retinoic acid, growth factors influenced drug sensitivity when they were present after the drug had been removed. These data, therefore, are compatible with the hypothesis that repair mechanism may contribute to regulated drug sensitivity.

Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Cell Survival; Cytarabine; Female; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Leukemia, Myeloid; Male; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Tretinoin; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The genes for the hemopoietic growth factors, GM colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and G-CSF have been cloned, and recombinant material is available for both. We tested these recombinant factors for their effects on the blast cells of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). Culture methods are available that support both colony formation by AML blasts and the growth of blast stem cells in suspension. Recombinant GM-CSF is active in both culture systems, although to a varying degree. We found that recombinant G-CSF was also effective; however, the two recombinant factors showed striking synergism for the stimulation of blast growth of cells from five of eight AML patients. In these cases, the combination was equivalent to the stimulating activity of supernatants from the continuous cell line 5637. This conditioned medium (HTB9-CM) is considered the standard for blast growth. Blasts from one of the patients grew without added factor. In another instance, recombinant GM-CSF alone was almost as effective as HTB9-CM. In the third case, both recombinant factors were active, but synergism was not observed and their combined effect was not equivalent to that of HTB9-CM. Both GM-CSF and G-CSF were active on normal bone marrow granulopoietic progenitors, but synergism was not observed. We conclude that the marked heterogeneity observed when AML blasts are examined by other criteria is also observed when their response to growth factors is evaluated.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cell Line; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Colony-Stimulating Factors; Culture Media; Drug Synergism; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Granulocytes; Humans; Interleukin-3; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Macrophages; Methylcellulose; Middle Aged; Recombinant Proteins

The blast stem cells of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) respond in cell culture to growth factors by both self-renewal and terminal divisions. Both of these functions have been shown to be stimulated by the recombinant growth factors granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). In this paper, recombinant gibbon interleukin-3 (IL-3), homologous to human IL-3, was tested on blast cells and compared with the effects of GM-CSF, G-CSF, and medium conditioned by the bladder cell line 5637 (5637-CM). We found that IL-3 was an effective stimulator of blast renewal and terminal divisions. However, great patient-to-patient variation was found. A graphic method of presenting complex comparisons between growth factors is also included.

Topics: Acute Disease; Blood Cells; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Cytological Techniques; Humans; Interleukin-3; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Methylcellulose; Recombinant Proteins; Recombination, Genetic; Tumor Stem Cell Assay

We have used a panel of 5 monoclonal antibodies against normal myeloid-differentiation antigens to determine retinoic acid-induced changes in cell surface antigens on ANLL bone marrow cells from 24 children at the time of diagnosis. Two of these antibodies (T5A7 and 5F1) detect antigens expressed on normal mature granulocytes and on all monocytes, respectively. The percentage of positive cells for each monoclonal antibody was determined by indirect immunofluorescence. After 5 days incubation with 1 microM RA in liquid culture, cells from 11 of 24 patients showed substantially increased expression of one or both antigens detected by T5A7 and 5F1. Leukemic bone marrow cells from these patients were also cultured in methylcellulose medium with and without 1 microM RA for one week, and cells from 16 of 24 patients showed clonal growth. Cultures from 10 of these 16 patients showed RA-induced inhibition of colony growth; of these 10 patients, cultures from six patients showed RA-induced increases in antigens associated with maturing myeloid cells. This suggests that the RA-induced inhibition of clonal growth observed with leukemic cells from these patients may be accompanied by the increased expression of maturation-associated myeloid antigens by these cells in the presence of RA.

Topics: Acute Disease; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigens, Surface; Bone Marrow; Cell Differentiation; Cell Survival; Child; Granulocytes; Humans; Leukemia; Methylcellulose; Tretinoin

In the present study we utilized a semisolid culture system with feeder cells and enriched media to evaluate the growth of acute leukemia associated with the 4;11 chromosomal translocation. We compared growth of t(4;11) leukemia to typical acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANL) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The two cases of t(4;11) leukemia tested exhibited the highest cloning efficiency of cells tested. The growth characteristics of t(4;11) leukemia were more similar to ANL than ALL.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Bone Marrow; Cells, Cultured; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromosomes, Human, 4-5; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Female; Humans; Infant; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Male; Methylcellulose; Monocytes; Phenotype; Recurrence; Staining and Labeling; Translocation, Genetic

Therapeutic efficacy and toxicity were evaluated in 28 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, in ten with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL), and in 13 with metastatic neuroblastoma. All were refractory to standard chemotherapeutic agents and 25 were refractory to an investigational drug. The initial dose was 12 mg/m2/day and was based on an established maximal dose tolerated in adults. This dose was found to be intolerable in 5 of 5 children with leukemia. Similarly an initial dose of 9 mg/m2/day was intolerable in 4 of 5 patients with leukemia. The starting dose in the next 28 children with leukemia or neuroblastoma was 3 mg/m2. This drug was gradually increased to the highest tolerated dose by 3-mg/m2 increments. Fifteen children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 3 children with ANLL, and 2 children with neuroblastoma received the drug daily. Seven patients with ANLL and 7 patients with neuroblastoma received the drug biweekly. Seventeen patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 6 patients with ANLL, and 5 patients with neuroblastoma had an adequate trial of the drug. An adequate trial was defined as a minimum of 5 weeks of therapy unless progressive disease developed. Side effects of the drug were striking and included fever, hypotension, myalgia, bone pain, arthralgia, arthritis, abdominal pain, liver toxicity, thrombocytopenia, and neurotoxicity. No complete remission occurred although interferon levels above 100 units/ml were induced in nearly 50% of the patients.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Interferon Inducers; Interferons; Leukemia; Methylcellulose; Neuroblastoma; Poly I-C; Polylysine

A Phase II study of poly(I,C)-LC was performed in 28 children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 10 with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL), and 13 with metastatic neuroblastoma. All were refractory to standard chemotherapeutic agents and 25 to an investigational drug. Initial doses of 12 mg/m2 and 9 mg/m2 were intolerable. However, 9 mg/m2 was tolerable in the majority of patients when the drug was started at 3 mg/m2 and increased by 3 mg/m2 increments. Fifteen children with ALL, three with ANLL, and two with neuroblastoma received the drug daily. Seven patients with ANLL and seven children with neuroblastoma received the drug biweekly. Twenty-eight patients received an adequate trial, which was defined as a minimum of 5 weeks at the maximal tolerated dose, unless there was progressive disease at the maximal tolerated dose. Side effects of the drug were striking, and included fever, hypotension, myalgia, bone pain, arthralgia, arthritis, abdominal pain, liver toxicity, thrombocytopenia, and neurotoxicity. No complete remissions occurred in spite of interferon levels above 100 U in nearly 50% of patients.

Topics: Acute Disease; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Child; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Interferon Inducers; Interferons; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Male; Methylcellulose; Neuroblastoma; Poly I-C; Polylysine

The presence of the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) on leukemic cells from the great majority of patients with non-T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis suggests that CALLA could be differentiation antigen expressed by normal lymphoid and myeloid stem cells. Treatment with a murine monoclonal anti-CALLA antibody and complement lysed CALLA-positive leukemic cells quantitatively, whereas similar treatment of nucleated cells from peripheral blood and bone marrow failed to affect the expression, in semisolid culture, of CFU-G/E, BFU-E, CFU-E, or CFU-C. These data suggest that CALLA is not a normal differentiation antigen of the myeloid bipotent cell or its committed progenitors.

Topics: Acute Disease; Antigens, Neoplasm; Blood Coagulation; Bone Marrow Cells; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Erythrocytes; Granulocytes; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Methylcellulose

Topics: Accidents, Home; Acute Disease; Chlorophenols; Emulsions; Female; Humans; Infant; Methylcellulose; Paint; Peritonitis