methimazole and Multiple-Sclerosis

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy may lead to thyroid dysfunction in 3-7% of treated patients. Alemtuzumab is a CD52 inhibitor leading to thyroid dysfunction in approximately 40% of patients. A female patient was affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) and subclinical hyperthyroidism due to an autonomously functioning thyroid nodule (AFTN). After alemtuzumab treatment, she developed aggressive clinical hyperthyroidism consistent with Marine-Lenhart syndrome.. A 36-year-old woman presented in July 2019 with symptoms of hyperthyroidism and eye complaints. Three years earlier, she was diagnosed with MS. Subclinical hyperthyroidism was diagnosed in April 2017. Thyroid scintigraphy showed an intranodular distribution of. We present a case of Graves' disease with active, moderate-to-severe Graves' ophthalmopathy in a patient with pre-existing AFTN presenting with a coexisting, rare case of Marine-Lenhart syndrome associated with immune reconstitution after alemtuzumab treatment.

Topics: Adult; Alemtuzumab; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Antithyroid Agents; Female; Graves Disease; Graves Ophthalmopathy; Humans; Methimazole; Methionine; Multiple Sclerosis; Organoselenium Compounds