metformin and Psychotic Disorders studies

Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289)
metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.

Psychotic Disorders: Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Adjunctive metformin is the most well-studied intervention in the pharmacological management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG)."	9.22	Metformin in the management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain in adults with psychosis: development of the first evidence-based guideline using GRADE methodology. ( Crowley, EK; Fitzgerald, I; Hynes, C; Keating, D; McWilliams, S; O'Connell, J, 2022)
"Metformin can significantly reduce body weight and reverse metabolic abnormalities in clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia and preexisting metabolic abnormalities."	9.17	Effects of adjunctive metformin on metabolic traits in nondiabetic clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia and the effect of metformin discontinuation on body weight: a 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ( Chen, CH; Chiu, CC; Huang, MC; Kao, CF; Kuo, PH; Lin, SK; Lu, ML, 2013)
"In a double-blind study, 148 clinically stable, overweight (body mass index [BMI] ≥27) outpatients with chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to receive 16 weeks of metformin or placebo."	9.17	Metformin for weight loss and metabolic control in overweight outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. ( Catellier, DJ; Golden, LH; Hamer, RM; Jarskog, LF; Lavange, L; Lieberman, JA; Ray, N; Stewart, DD; Stroup, TS, 2013)
"Pooled treatment algorithm results were not significantly different from olanzapine monotherapy in mitigating weight gain."	9.16	Assessment of treatment algorithms including amantadine, metformin, and zonisamide for the prevention of weight gain with olanzapine: a randomized controlled open-label study. ( Case, M; Hoffmann, VP; Jacobson, JG, 2012)
"This meta-analysis confirms that metformin is effective in treating antipsychotic induced weight gain in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder."	8.93	Metformin in prevention and treatment of antipsychotic induced weight gain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Dayabandara, M; de Silva, VA; Hanwella, R; Ratnatunga, SS; Suraweera, C; Wanniarachchi, N, 2016)
"To review the literature describing the efficacy of metformin and topiramate for the treatment of second-generation antipsychotic-induced weight gain."	8.86	Efficacy of metformin and topiramate in prevention and treatment of second-generation antipsychotic-induced weight gain. ( Ellinger, LK; Ipema, HJ; Stachnik, JM, 2010)
"While metformin is prescribed to some youth with mood or psychotic disorders displaying markers of cardiometabolic disturbance, there is a need to develop clearer treatment guidelines for metformin in these youth."	8.12	Metabolic and clinical profiles of young people with mood or psychotic disorders who are prescribed metformin in an inpatient setting. ( Carpenter, J; Hickie, IB; McHugh, C; Park, S; Scott, EM; Wilson, C, 2022)
"Sixty six adult patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated, with atypical antipsychotics, and who had increased by more than 10% their pre treatment body weight, were randomly assigned to receive metformin or placebo in a double-blind study."	7.81	Metformin for treatment of antipsychotic-induced weight gain in a South Asian population with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study. ( Dayabandara, M; de Silva, VA; Gunewardena, H; Hanwella, R; Henegama, T; Suraweera, C; Wijesundara, H, 2015)
" We present a case of psychosis associated with the menstrual cycle in a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome, a disorder typically characterized by anovulatory cycles, in whom the restoration of normal menstruation with use of metformine led to significant improvement of psychotic symptoms."	7.74	Metformine for psychosis associated with the menstrual cycle in a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome. ( Andreou, C; Karavatos, A; Syngelakis, M, 2008)
"Metformin was generally well-tolerated."	7.01	Twenty-Four Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Metformin for Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain in Patients with First-Episode Psychosis: A Pilot Study. ( Abdin, E; Chua, YC; Subramaniam, M; Tang, C; Verma, S, 2021)
"Metformin was assessed as a treatment for weight gain in children taking olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, or valproate."	5.31	Metformin for weight loss in pediatric patients taking psychotropic drugs. ( Barton, BA; Cottingham, EM; Morrison, JA, 2002)
"Adjunctive metformin is the most well-studied intervention in the pharmacological management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG)."	5.22	Metformin in the management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain in adults with psychosis: development of the first evidence-based guideline using GRADE methodology. ( Crowley, EK; Fitzgerald, I; Hynes, C; Keating, D; McWilliams, S; O'Connell, J, 2022)
"Metformin can significantly reduce body weight and reverse metabolic abnormalities in clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia and preexisting metabolic abnormalities."	5.17	Effects of adjunctive metformin on metabolic traits in nondiabetic clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia and the effect of metformin discontinuation on body weight: a 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ( Chen, CH; Chiu, CC; Huang, MC; Kao, CF; Kuo, PH; Lin, SK; Lu, ML, 2013)
"In a double-blind study, 148 clinically stable, overweight (body mass index [BMI] ≥27) outpatients with chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to receive 16 weeks of metformin or placebo."	5.17	Metformin for weight loss and metabolic control in overweight outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. ( Catellier, DJ; Golden, LH; Hamer, RM; Jarskog, LF; Lavange, L; Lieberman, JA; Ray, N; Stewart, DD; Stroup, TS, 2013)
"Pooled treatment algorithm results were not significantly different from olanzapine monotherapy in mitigating weight gain."	5.16	Assessment of treatment algorithms including amantadine, metformin, and zonisamide for the prevention of weight gain with olanzapine: a randomized controlled open-label study. ( Case, M; Hoffmann, VP; Jacobson, JG, 2012)
"This meta-analysis confirms that metformin is effective in treating antipsychotic induced weight gain in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder."	4.93	Metformin in prevention and treatment of antipsychotic induced weight gain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Dayabandara, M; de Silva, VA; Hanwella, R; Ratnatunga, SS; Suraweera, C; Wanniarachchi, N, 2016)
"To review the literature describing the efficacy of metformin and topiramate for the treatment of second-generation antipsychotic-induced weight gain."	4.86	Efficacy of metformin and topiramate in prevention and treatment of second-generation antipsychotic-induced weight gain. ( Ellinger, LK; Ipema, HJ; Stachnik, JM, 2010)
"Metformin may have some value in reducing or preventing weight gain and changes in metabolic parameters during treatment with antipsychotic medication particularly in first-episode psychosis; however, it has been predominantly studied short-term and in non-Caucasian populations."	4.85	Changes in weight and metabolic parameters during treatment with antipsychotics and metformin: do the data inform as to potential guideline development? A systematic review of clinical studies. ( Bradley, AJ; Bushe, CJ; Doshi, S; Karagianis, J, 2009)
"While metformin is prescribed to some youth with mood or psychotic disorders displaying markers of cardiometabolic disturbance, there is a need to develop clearer treatment guidelines for metformin in these youth."	4.12	Metabolic and clinical profiles of young people with mood or psychotic disorders who are prescribed metformin in an inpatient setting. ( Carpenter, J; Hickie, IB; McHugh, C; Park, S; Scott, EM; Wilson, C, 2022)
"Metformin, a biguanide drug, is emerging as an important treatment option for the prevention or treatment of weight gain, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the metabolic syndrome in psychiatric patients, especially those who require or receive antipsychotic drugs."	3.83	Use of Metformin for Cardiometabolic Risks in Psychiatric Practice: Need-to-Know Safety Issues. ( Andrade, C, 2016)
"Sixty six adult patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated, with atypical antipsychotics, and who had increased by more than 10% their pre treatment body weight, were randomly assigned to receive metformin or placebo in a double-blind study."	3.81	Metformin for treatment of antipsychotic-induced weight gain in a South Asian population with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study. ( Dayabandara, M; de Silva, VA; Gunewardena, H; Hanwella, R; Henegama, T; Suraweera, C; Wijesundara, H, 2015)
" We present a case of psychosis associated with the menstrual cycle in a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome, a disorder typically characterized by anovulatory cycles, in whom the restoration of normal menstruation with use of metformine led to significant improvement of psychotic symptoms."	3.74	Metformine for psychosis associated with the menstrual cycle in a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome. ( Andreou, C; Karavatos, A; Syngelakis, M, 2008)
"Metformin was generally well-tolerated."	3.01	Twenty-Four Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Metformin for Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain in Patients with First-Episode Psychosis: A Pilot Study. ( Abdin, E; Chua, YC; Subramaniam, M; Tang, C; Verma, S, 2021)
"Metabolic syndrome is prevalent in older adults and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease."	2.45	Metabolic risks in older adults receiving second-generation antipsychotic medication. ( Brooks, JO; Chang, HS; Krasnykh, O, 2009)
"Metformin, which has demonstrated efficacy for these adverse treatment outcomes in adult samples, has been examined in pediatric samples, as well."	1.43	Metformin as a Possible Intervention for Cardiometabolic Risks in Pediatric Subjects Exposed to Antipsychotic Drugs. ( Andrade, C, 2016)
"Metformin was assessed as a treatment for weight gain in children taking olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, or valproate."	1.31	Metformin for weight loss in pediatric patients taking psychotropic drugs. ( Barton, BA; Cottingham, EM; Morrison, JA, 2002)

Research

Studies (30)

Authors

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Fasting Glucose From Baseline to 16 Weeks

Change in Fasting Insulin From Baseline to 16 Weeks

Change in HDL Cholesterol From Baseline to 16 Weeks

Change in Hemoglobin A1c From Baseline to 16 Weeks

Change in LDL Cholesterol From Baseline to 16 Weeks

Change in Total Cholesterol From Baseline to 16 Weeks

Change in Triglycerides From Baseline to 16 Weeks

Mean Difference in Body Weight Change Between Participants Assigned to Metformin and Participants Assigned to Placebo

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	5 (16.67)	29.6817
2010's	19 (63.33)	24.3611
2020's	6 (20.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Che, J	1
Ma, C	1
Lu, J	1
Chen, B	1
Shi, Q	1
Jin, X	1
Song, R	1
Xu, F	1
Gan, L	1
Li, J	1
Hu, Y	1
Dong, X	1
Fitzgerald, I	1
O'Connell, J	1
Keating, D	1
Hynes, C	1
McWilliams, S	1
Crowley, EK	1
Tang, C	1
Chua, YC	1
Abdin, E	1
Subramaniam, M	1
Verma, S	1
Wilson, C	1
Carpenter, J	1
Park, S	1
McHugh, C	1
Scott, EM	1
Hickie, IB	1
Armstrong, GP	1
Kopel, J	1
Grooms, A	1
Ganapathy, V	1
Clothier, J	1
Curtis, J	2
Newall, H	2
Myles, N	2
Shiers, D	2
Samaras, K	2
Hasnain, M	1
Vieweg, WV	1
Chen, CH	1
Huang, MC	1
Kao, CF	1
Lin, SK	1
Kuo, PH	1
Chiu, CC	1
Lu, ML	1
Jarskog, LF	2
Hamer, RM	1
Catellier, DJ	1
Stewart, DD	1
Lavange, L	1
Ray, N	1
Golden, LH	1
Lieberman, JA	1
Stroup, TS	2
Correll, CU	1
Sikich, L	1
Reeves, G	1
Riddle, M	1
Rosenfeld, JE	1
Tek, C	1
Chwastiak, L	1
de Silva, VA	2
Dayabandara, M	2
Wijesundara, H	1
Henegama, T	1
Gunewardena, H	1
Suraweera, C	2
Hanwella, R	2
Ratnatunga, SS	1
Wanniarachchi, N	1
Andrade, C	2
Li, R	1
Zhao, J	1
Wu, R	1
Andreou, C	1
Syngelakis, M	1
Karavatos, A	1
Brooks, JO	1
Chang, HS	1
Krasnykh, O	1
Bushe, CJ	1
Bradley, AJ	1
Doshi, S	1
Karagianis, J	1
Ellinger, LK	1
Ipema, HJ	1
Stachnik, JM	1
Weaver, LA	1
De León, DD	1
Borgmann-Winter, K	1
Coffey, BJ	1
Pramyothin, P	1
Khaodhiar, L	1
Hoffmann, VP	1
Case, M	1
Jacobson, JG	1
Taylor, D	1
Towbin, KE	1
Morrison, JA	1
Cottingham, EM	1
Barton, BA	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Effects of Adjunctive Metformin on Metabolic Profiles in Clozapine-treated Schizophrenic Patients[NCT01300637]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Recruiting
Metformin in the Treatment of Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain in Schizophrenia (METS) - Pilot Study[NCT00816907]	Phase 4	146 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
Metformin and Lorcaserin for Weight Loss in Schizophrenia[NCT02796144]	Phase 4	71 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Terminated (stopped due to The FDA advised of a possible health risk associated with lorcaserin and the drug is being withdrawn.)
Efficacy and Safety of Add-on Topiramate vs Metformin on Cardio-Metabolic Profile in Patients With Schizophrenia on Atypical Antipsychotics With Metabolic Syndrome: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT05663749]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-09-20	Completed
Open-label, Flexible-dose Adjunctive Bromocriptine for Patients With Schizophrenia and Impaired Glucose Tolerance[NCT03575000]	Phase 4	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-01	Not yet recruiting
The Assessment of the Safety, Efficacy, and Practicality of an Algorithm Including Amantadine, Metformin and Zonisamide for the Prevention of Olanzapine-Associated Weight Gain in Outpatients With Schizophrenia[NCT00401973]	Phase 3	199 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-11-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Intervention	mg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-1.6
Metformin	-2.3

Intervention	mU/L (Mean)
Placebo	5.5
Metformin	1.6

Intervention	mg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-0.4
Metformin	-0.6

Intervention	percent (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	0.01
Metformin	-0.06

Intervention	mg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-2.0
Metformin	-7.1

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
Placebo	0.2
Metformin	-8.9

Intervention	mg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	13.2
Metformin	-7.0

Mean difference in body weight change between participants assigned to metformin and participants assigned to placebo from baseline to last study visit (up to 16 weeks) (NCT00816907)
Timeframe: Measured at the last study visit

Change in Body Weight in Participants Assigned to Lorcaserin Monotherapy Treatment and Placebo

Intervention	kilograms (Mean)
Placebo	-1.0
Metformin	-3.0

Change in body weight in participants assigned to lorcaserin monotherapy treatment and participants assigned to placebo from baseline to last study visit (up to 52 weeks) (NCT02796144)
Timeframe: Baseline, Last Observed Visit (Up to 52 weeks)

Change in Body Weight in Participants Assigned to Lorcaserin/Metformin Combination Treatment and Placebo

Intervention	pounds (Mean)
Lorcaserin	-5.18
Placebo	-3.02

Change in body weight in participants assigned to lorcaserin/metformin combination treatment and participants assigned to placebo from baseline to last study visit (up to 52 weeks) (NCT02796144)
Timeframe: Baseline, Last Observed Visit (Up to 52 weeks)

Change in Fasting Glucose

Intervention	pounds (Mean)
Lorcaserin and Metformin	-13.05
Placebo	-3.02

fasting blood glucose (NCT02796144)
Timeframe: Baseline, Last Observed Visit (Up to 52 weeks)

Change in HDL Cholesterol

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
Lorcaserin and Metformin	-4.30
Lorcaserin	-3.27
Placebo	3.53

high-density lipoprotein (NCT02796144)
Timeframe: Baseline, Last Observed Visit (Up to 52 weeks)

Change in Hemoglobin A1c

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
Lorcaserin and Metformin	3.8
Lorcaserin	1.45
Placebo	-0.78

glycosylated hemoglobin (NCT02796144)
Timeframe: Baseline, Last Observed Visit (Up to 52 weeks)

Change in LDL Cholesterol

Intervention	percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin (Mean)
Lorcaserin and Metformin	-0.03
Lorcaserin	0.07
Placebo	0.05

low-density lipoprotein (NCT02796144)
Timeframe: Baseline, Last Observed Visit (Up to 52 weeks)

Change in Total Cholesterol

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
Lorcaserin and Metformin	-7.60
Lorcaserin	-10.86
Placebo	-6.83

Total Cholesterol (NCT02796144)
Timeframe: Baseline, Last Observed Visit (Up to 52 weeks)

Change in Triglycerides

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
Lorcaserin and Metformin	-9.05
Lorcaserin	-13.45
Placebo	-9.21

serum triglycerides (NCT02796144)
Timeframe: Baseline, Last Observed Visit (Up to 52 weeks)

Change From Baseline to Endpoint in Weight

Change From Baseline to Endpoint in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Total Score

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
Lorcaserin and Metformin	-18.60
Lorcaserin	-19.68
Placebo	-3.11

Intervention	kilograms (Least Squares Mean)
Olanzapine	2.76
Olanzapine + Amantadine	2.40
Olanzapine + Metformin	0.65

The BPRS is an 18-item clinician-administered scale used to assess the degree of severity of a subject's general psychopathological symptoms. Each item is rated on a scale from 1 (symptom not present) to 7 (symptom extremely severe). The BPRS total score ranges from 18 to 126. (NCT00401973)
Timeframe: Baseline to endpoint (22 weeks)

Change From Baseline to Endpoint in Clinical Global Impression - Severity Scale (CGI-S)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline
Olanzapine	48.24	-13.89
Olanzapine + Amantadine	45.90	-9.90
Olanzapine + Metformin	47.00	-9.72

Measures severity of illness at the time of assessment compared with start of treatment. Scores range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill patients). (NCT00401973)
Timeframe: Baseline to endpoint (22 weeks)

Change From Baseline to Endpoint in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Total Score

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline
Olanzapine	4.06	-0.98
Olanzapine + Amantadine	4.03	-0.72
Olanzapine + Metformin	4.00	-0.79

The MADRS is a rating scale for severity of depressive mood symptoms. The MADRS has a 10-item checklist. Items are rated on a scale of 0-6, for a total score range of 0 (low severity of depressive symptoms) to 60 (high severity of depressive symptoms). (NCT00401973)
Timeframe: Baseline to endpoint (22 weeks)

Correlations Between Weight Changes and Changes in Eating Inventory (EI) and Food Craving Inventory (FCI) at 2 Weeks and 22 Weeks

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline
Olanzapine	12.76	-6.39
Olanzapine + Amantadine	14.22	-4.12
Olanzapine + Metformin	15.40	-4.36

To understand the drivers of weight gain as indicated by the correlation between weight changes and changes in the Eating Inventory (EI) and Food Craving Inventory (FCI). The EI is a 51-item inventory that measures dietary restraint, disinhibition, and perceived hunger. The FCI is a 28-item instrument measuring the frequency over the past month of general cravings and cravings for specific types of foods, namely: high fats, sweets, carbohydrates/starches, and fast-food fats. Correlations were computed on the combined treatment groups. (NCT00401973)
Timeframe: Baseline to endpoint (22 weeks)

Intervention	correlation (Number)
	EI: Disinhibition	EI: Cognitive Restraint	EI: Hunger	FCI: Carbohydrates/Starches (N=186, N=141)	FCI: Fast Food Fats (N=188, N=140)	FCI: High Fats (N=186, N=138)	FCI: Sweets (N=187, N=140)	FCI: Total Score (N=184, N=137)
2 Weeks	-0.034	-0.273	-0.150	0.013	-0.019	0.051	0.022	0.039
22 Weeks	0.285	-0.038	0.148	-0.064	0.047	0.043	-0.008	-0.000

Intervention	millimole per liter (mmol/L) (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline
Olanzapine	1.25	-0.00
Olanzapine + Amantadine	1.26	-0.11
Olanzapine + Metformin	1.22	-0.08

Article	Year
Metformin in the management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain in adults with psychosis: development of the first evidence-based guideline using GRADE methodology. Evidence-based mental health, 2022, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Humans; Metformin; Psychotic Disorders; Weight Gain	2022
Metformin in prevention and treatment of antipsychotic induced weight gain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC psychiatry, 2016, Oct-03, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Metformin; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia; We	2016
Metabolic risks in older adults receiving second-generation antipsychotic medication. Current psychiatry reports, 2009, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Affective Disorders, Psychotic; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antipsychotic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseas	2009
Changes in weight and metabolic parameters during treatment with antipsychotics and metformin: do the data inform as to potential guideline development? A systematic review of clinical studies. International journal of clinical practice, 2009, Volume: 63, Issue:12 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Appetite Depressants; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Double-Blind Method; Humans;	2009
Efficacy of metformin and topiramate in prevention and treatment of second-generation antipsychotic-induced weight gain. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2010, Volume: 44, Issue:4 Topics: Anti-Obesity Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Fructose; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Obesity	2010
Metabolic syndrome with the atypical antipsychotics. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2010, Volume: 17, Issue:5 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clozapine; Humans; Metabolic Syndrom	2010

Article	Year
Twenty-Four Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Metformin for Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain in Patients with First-Episode Psychosis: A Pilot Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021, 12-23, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin	2021
Effects of adjunctive metformin on metabolic traits in nondiabetic clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia and the effect of metformin discontinuation on body weight: a 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2013, Volume: 74, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Clozapine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Metabol	2013
Metformin for weight loss and metabolic control in overweight outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The American journal of psychiatry, 2013, Volume: 170, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Body Mass Index; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method;	2013
Metformin for weight loss and metabolic control in overweight outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The American journal of psychiatry, 2013, Volume: 170, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Body Mass Index; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method;	2013
Metformin for weight loss and metabolic control in overweight outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The American journal of psychiatry, 2013, Volume: 170, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Body Mass Index; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method;	2013
Metformin for weight loss and metabolic control in overweight outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The American journal of psychiatry, 2013, Volume: 170, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Body Mass Index; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method;	2013
Assessment of treatment algorithms including amantadine, metformin, and zonisamide for the prevention of weight gain with olanzapine: a randomized controlled open-label study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2012, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Algorithms; Amantadine; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Pro	2012

Article	Year
Discovery of seneciobipyrrolidine derivatives for the amelioration of glucose homeostasis disorders through 4E-BP1/Akt/AMPK signaling activation. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2022, Jan-15, Volume: 228 Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Antipsychotic Agents; Blood Glu	2022
Metabolic and clinical profiles of young people with mood or psychotic disorders who are prescribed metformin in an inpatient setting. Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, 2022, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Inpatients; Insulin Resistance; Metfor	2022
Empagliflozin-Mediated Lithium Excretion: A Case Study and Clinical Applications. The American journal of case reports, 2020, Jun-10, Volume: 21 Topics: Adult; Antimanic Agents; Benzhydryl Compounds; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug Interactions; Glucosi	2020
Metformin, valproic acid, and starvation induce seizures in a patient with partial SLC13A5 deficiency: a case of pharmaco-synergistic heterozygosity. Psychiatric genetics, 2021, 02-01, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Amino Acid Substitution; Ammonia; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Autistic Disorder; Bipolar Disord	2021
Antipsychotic drug-treated patients best suited for metformin therapy. Reply. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2013, Volume: 128, Issue:6 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Psychoti	2013
Antipsychotic drug-treated patients best suited for metformin therapy. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2013, Volume: 128, Issue:6 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Psychoti	2013
Metformin for antipsychotic-related weight gain and metabolic abnormalities: when, for whom, and for how long? The American journal of psychiatry, 2013, Volume: 170, Issue:9 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Metformin; Obesity; Psychotic Disord	2013
Metformin and Alzheimer's disease risk. The American journal of psychiatry, 2014, Volume: 171, Issue:1 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Metformin; Obesity; Psychotic Disord	2014
Response to Rosenfeld. The American journal of psychiatry, 2014, Volume: 171, Issue:1 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Metformin; Obesity; Psychotic Disord	2014
Metformin for weight loss in schizophrenia: safe but not a panacea. Evidence-based mental health, 2014, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Metformin; Obesity; Psychotic Disord	2014
Metformin for treatment of antipsychotic-induced weight gain in a South Asian population with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2015, Volume: 29, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Double-Blind Method; Femal	2015
Metformin as a Possible Intervention for Cardiometabolic Risks in Pediatric Subjects Exposed to Antipsychotic Drugs. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2016, Volume: 77, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Antipsychotic Agents; Blood Glucose; Child; Humans; Lipids; Metformin; Psychotic Disorde	2016
Use of Metformin for Cardiometabolic Risks in Psychiatric Practice: Need-to-Know Safety Issues. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2016, Volume: 77, Issue:11 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Antipsychotic Agents; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Gastrointestinal	2016
Predictors of menstruation restoration during metformin administration for treatment of antipsychotic drug-induced amenorrhea: A post hoc analysis. Schizophrenia research, 2017, Volume: 190 Topics: Amenorrhea; Antipsychotic Agents; Body Weight; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Hypogly	2017
Metformine for psychosis associated with the menstrual cycle in a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome. Archives of women's mental health, 2008, Volume: 11, Issue:5-6 Topics: Aggression; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Menstruation; Metformin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome;	2008
Use of metformin to control clozapine-associated weight gain in an adolescent with schizoaffective disorder. Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology, 2010, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Antipsychotic Agents; Clozapine; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Psychot	2010
Considering metformin in cardiometabolic protection in psychosis. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2012, Volume: 126, Issue:4 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agent	2012
Metformin for schizophrenia: an editorial comment to Curtis J, Newall H, Shiers D, Samaras K. 'Considering metformin in cardiometabolic protection in psychosis'. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2012, Volume: 126, Issue:4 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Psychoti	2012
Gaining: pediatric patients and use of atypical antipsychotics. The American journal of psychiatry, 2006, Volume: 163, Issue:12 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Antipsychotic Agents; Autistic Disorder; Body Mass Index; Child; Dia	2006
Metformin for weight loss in pediatric patients taking psychotropic drugs. The American journal of psychiatry, 2002, Volume: 159, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Antimanic Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Body Mass Index; Child; Dose-R	2002

metformin and Psychotic Disorders