metformin has been researched along with Pregnancy in Diabetes in 63 studies
Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289)
metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "The results of this trial will inform endocrinologists, obstetricians, family doctors, and other healthcare professionals caring for women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy, as to the benefits of adding metformin to insulin in this high risk population." | 9.22 | Metformin in women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy (MiTy): a multi-center randomized controlled trial. ( Armson, AB; Asztalos, E; Barrett, JF; Fantus, IG; Feig, DS; Lipscombe, LL; Murphy, K; Ohlsson, A; Ryan, EA; Sanchez, J; Tomlinson, G; Zinman, B, 2016) |
| "A pilot randomized, controlled trial was conducted of metformin versus insulin for the treatment of T2DM during pregnancy." | 9.20 | A pilot randomized, controlled trial of metformin versus insulin in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. ( Blackwell, SC; Gowen, R; Hutchinson, M; Pedroza, C; Ramin, S; Refuerzo, JS, 2015) |
| "To compare the efficacy of metformin with insulin in the management of pregnancy with diabetes." | 9.17 | Efficacy of metformin versus insulin in the management of pregnancy with diabetes. ( Malik, FP; Mazhar, SB; Waheed, S, 2013) |
| "The main mechanism of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is insulin resistance, therefore using metformin as a medicine reducing insulin resistance appears to be promising." | 9.12 | Metformin administration during pregnancy - current insight. ( Cypryk, K; Krekora, M; Skibinska, M; Zurawska-Klis, M, 2021) |
| " Metformin is taken by many patients before pregnancy due to both previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes and in the treatment of prediabetes, obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as part of therapy for insulin resistance." | 9.05 | Metformin therapy in pregnancy [Zastosowanie metforminy w ciąży]. ( Cichocka, E; Gumprecht, J; Kędzierski, L; Krupej-Kędzierska, J; Okopień, B, 2020) |
| "To perform meta-analyses of studies evaluating the risk of pre-eclampsia in high-risk insulin-resistant women taking metformin prior to, or during pregnancy." | 8.98 | Risk of pre-eclampsia in women taking metformin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Alqudah, A; Graham, U; Lyons, TJ; McClements, L; McKinley, MC; McNally, R; Watson, CJ, 2018) |
| "To assess the short- and long-term maternal and fetal impact of metformin in pregnancy compared with insulin." | 8.95 | Short- and long-term outcomes of metformin compared with insulin alone in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Aitken, E; Butalia, S; Donovan, L; Gutierrez, L; Lodha, A; Zakariasen, A, 2017) |
| "No adverse pregnancy outcomes with metformin use have been reported, except in one unmatched study." | 8.82 | Metformin therapy and diabetes in pregnancy. ( McIntyre, HD; Rowan, JA; Simmons, D; Walters, BN, 2004) |
| "Metformin therapy was not associated with increased adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with type 2 diabetes as compared with standard insulin therapy." | 7.96 | Association of pregnancy outcomes in women with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin versus insulin when becoming pregnant. ( Chang, SH; Chiou, MJ; Huang, YT; Kuo, CF; Lin, SF; Lin, WT, 2020) |
| "We evaluated the risk of major birth defects and pregnancy losses in a cohort of pregnant women exposed to metformin during the first trimester for different indications relative to a matched unexposed reference group." | 7.88 | Pregnancy outcomes in women on metformin for diabetes or other indications among those seeking teratology information services. ( Amar, E; Baud, D; Beau-Salinas, F; Bernard, N; Buclin, T; Cassina, M; Csajka, C; Dautriche, A; De Santis, M; Duman, MK; Dunstan, H; Eleftheriou, G; Hernandez-Diaz, S; Kaplan, YC; Klinger, G; Maňáková, E; Panchaud, A; Passier, A; Pistelli, A; Rothuizen, LE; Rousson, V; Vial, T; Winterfeld, U, 2018) |
| "To investigate whether exposure to metformin during the first trimester of pregnancy, for diabetes or other indications, increases the risk of all or specific congenital anomalies." | 7.88 | Metformin exposure in first trimester of pregnancy and risk of all or specific congenital anomalies: exploratory case-control study. ( Addor, MC; Bakker, M; Bertaut-Nativel, B; Dolk, H; Garne, E; Gatt, M; Given, JE; Klungsoyr, K; Lelong, N; Loane, M; Morgan, M; Neville, AJ; Pierini, A; Rissmann, A, 2018) |
| "Pregnant nondiabetic mice were administered metformin beginning on the first day of pregnancy." | 7.80 | Lack of metformin effect on mouse embryo AMPK activity: implications for metformin treatment during pregnancy. ( Lee, HY; Loeken, MR; Wei, D, 2014) |
| "These results are consistent with our hypothesis that the clearance of metformin increases in pregnancy as a result of enhanced renal elimination." | 7.73 | Effect of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of metformin. ( Begg, EJ; Gardiner, SJ; Hughes, RC; Zhang, M, 2006) |
| "Pregnant women with Type 2 DM who were treated with metformin had more risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, but no differences in outcomes were seen compared with women not taking metformin." | 7.73 | Pregnancy in women with Type 2 diabetes: who takes metformin and what is the outcome? ( Hughes, RC; Rowan, JA, 2006) |
| "Primary articles were identified by a MEDLINE search (1966-March 2007) using the MeSH headings: pregnancy in diabetics, pregnancy, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypoglycemic agents, glipizide, glyburide, metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, multicenter study, randomized controlled trial, case-control studies, and cohort studies." | 6.22 | Oral antidiabetic agents in pregnancy and lactation: a paradigm shift? ( Briggs, GG; Feig, DS; Koren, G, 2007) |
| "Metformin was then administered." | 5.32 | Metformin use in an obese diabetic patient from weeks 1 to 21 of pregnancy. ( Imamura, M; Mori, M; Nagai, T, 2003) |
| "This is a randomized double-blind multi-center clinical trial of insulin plus metformin versus insulin plus placebo for the treatment of type 2 diabetes complicating pregnancy." | 5.27 | Rationale, design, and methods for the Medical Optimization and Management of Pregnancies with Overt Type 2 Diabetes (MOMPOD) study. ( Berry, DC; Boggess, K; de Los Angeles Abreu, M; Dorman, KF; Ivins, AR; Thomas, SD; Young, L, 2018) |
| "The results of this trial will inform endocrinologists, obstetricians, family doctors, and other healthcare professionals caring for women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy, as to the benefits of adding metformin to insulin in this high risk population." | 5.22 | Metformin in women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy (MiTy): a multi-center randomized controlled trial. ( Armson, AB; Asztalos, E; Barrett, JF; Fantus, IG; Feig, DS; Lipscombe, LL; Murphy, K; Ohlsson, A; Ryan, EA; Sanchez, J; Tomlinson, G; Zinman, B, 2016) |
| "A pilot randomized, controlled trial was conducted of metformin versus insulin for the treatment of T2DM during pregnancy." | 5.20 | A pilot randomized, controlled trial of metformin versus insulin in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. ( Blackwell, SC; Gowen, R; Hutchinson, M; Pedroza, C; Ramin, S; Refuerzo, JS, 2015) |
| "Adding metformin to insulin therapy in women with insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus with pregnancy seems to be effective in proper glycemic control in a considerable proportion of women, along with benefits of reduced hospital stay, reduced frequency of maternal hypoglycemia as well as reduced frequency of neonatal hypoglycemia, NICU admission and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome." | 5.19 | The role of adding metformin in insulin-resistant diabetic pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial. ( Anwar, M; Faris, M; Hamdy, A; Ibrahim, MI; Shafik, A; Taha, S, 2014) |
| "Metformin should be considered for treatment of overt diabetes and early A2 gestational diabetes in pregnancy." | 5.17 | Metformin compared with insulin in the treatment of pregnant women with overt diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. ( Boggess, KA; Hickman, MA; McBride, R; Strauss, R, 2013) |
| "To compare the efficacy of metformin with insulin in the management of pregnancy with diabetes." | 5.17 | Efficacy of metformin versus insulin in the management of pregnancy with diabetes. ( Malik, FP; Mazhar, SB; Waheed, S, 2013) |
| "The main mechanism of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is insulin resistance, therefore using metformin as a medicine reducing insulin resistance appears to be promising." | 5.12 | Metformin administration during pregnancy - current insight. ( Cypryk, K; Krekora, M; Skibinska, M; Zurawska-Klis, M, 2021) |
| " Metformin is taken by many patients before pregnancy due to both previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes and in the treatment of prediabetes, obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as part of therapy for insulin resistance." | 5.05 | Metformin therapy in pregnancy [Zastosowanie metforminy w ciąży]. ( Cichocka, E; Gumprecht, J; Kędzierski, L; Krupej-Kędzierska, J; Okopień, B, 2020) |
| "To perform meta-analyses of studies evaluating the risk of pre-eclampsia in high-risk insulin-resistant women taking metformin prior to, or during pregnancy." | 4.98 | Risk of pre-eclampsia in women taking metformin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Alqudah, A; Graham, U; Lyons, TJ; McClements, L; McKinley, MC; McNally, R; Watson, CJ, 2018) |
| "Metformin use during pregnancy is controversial and there is disparity in the acceptance of metformin treatment in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Australia." | 4.95 | The emerging role of metformin in gestational diabetes mellitus. ( Cohen, N; Gray, SG; Little, PJ; McGuire, TM, 2017) |
| "To assess the short- and long-term maternal and fetal impact of metformin in pregnancy compared with insulin." | 4.95 | Short- and long-term outcomes of metformin compared with insulin alone in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Aitken, E; Butalia, S; Donovan, L; Gutierrez, L; Lodha, A; Zakariasen, A, 2017) |
| "No adverse pregnancy outcomes with metformin use have been reported, except in one unmatched study." | 4.82 | Metformin therapy and diabetes in pregnancy. ( McIntyre, HD; Rowan, JA; Simmons, D; Walters, BN, 2004) |
| "Metformin is a common treatment for women who have insulin resistance manifesting as type 2 diabetes or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)." | 4.82 | Metformin in obstetric and gynecologic practice: a review. ( Boyle, J; McCarthy, EA; McLachlan, K; Permezel, M; Walker, SP, 2004) |
| "Metformin therapy was not associated with increased adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with type 2 diabetes as compared with standard insulin therapy." | 3.96 | Association of pregnancy outcomes in women with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin versus insulin when becoming pregnant. ( Chang, SH; Chiou, MJ; Huang, YT; Kuo, CF; Lin, SF; Lin, WT, 2020) |
| "To investigate whether exposure to metformin during the first trimester of pregnancy, for diabetes or other indications, increases the risk of all or specific congenital anomalies." | 3.88 | Metformin exposure in first trimester of pregnancy and risk of all or specific congenital anomalies: exploratory case-control study. ( Addor, MC; Bakker, M; Bertaut-Nativel, B; Dolk, H; Garne, E; Gatt, M; Given, JE; Klungsoyr, K; Lelong, N; Loane, M; Morgan, M; Neville, AJ; Pierini, A; Rissmann, A, 2018) |
| "We evaluated the risk of major birth defects and pregnancy losses in a cohort of pregnant women exposed to metformin during the first trimester for different indications relative to a matched unexposed reference group." | 3.88 | Pregnancy outcomes in women on metformin for diabetes or other indications among those seeking teratology information services. ( Amar, E; Baud, D; Beau-Salinas, F; Bernard, N; Buclin, T; Cassina, M; Csajka, C; Dautriche, A; De Santis, M; Duman, MK; Dunstan, H; Eleftheriou, G; Hernandez-Diaz, S; Kaplan, YC; Klinger, G; Maňáková, E; Panchaud, A; Passier, A; Pistelli, A; Rothuizen, LE; Rousson, V; Vial, T; Winterfeld, U, 2018) |
| "Pregnant nondiabetic mice were administered metformin beginning on the first day of pregnancy." | 3.80 | Lack of metformin effect on mouse embryo AMPK activity: implications for metformin treatment during pregnancy. ( Lee, HY; Loeken, MR; Wei, D, 2014) |
| " She would like to know whether she can continue using metformin during the pregnancy and also is concerned about the effect of the gastric bypass surgery." | 3.74 | A 40-year-old woman with diabetes contemplating pregnancy after gastric bypass surgery. ( Coustan, DR, 2008) |
| "Pregnant women with Type 2 DM who were treated with metformin had more risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, but no differences in outcomes were seen compared with women not taking metformin." | 3.73 | Pregnancy in women with Type 2 diabetes: who takes metformin and what is the outcome? ( Hughes, RC; Rowan, JA, 2006) |
| "These results are consistent with our hypothesis that the clearance of metformin increases in pregnancy as a result of enhanced renal elimination." | 3.73 | Effect of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of metformin. ( Begg, EJ; Gardiner, SJ; Hughes, RC; Zhang, M, 2006) |
| "Treatment with metformin during pregnancy was associated with increased prevalence of pre-eclampsia and a high perinatal mortality." | 3.70 | Oral hypoglycaemic agents in 118 diabetic pregnancies. ( Damm, P; Hellmuth, E; Mølsted-Pedersen, L, 2000) |
| "Treatment with metformin is occasionally associated with the development of severe lactic acidosis." | 3.69 | Contraindications to metformin therapy in patients with NIDDM. ( Bosman, D; Krentz, AJ; Sulkin, TV, 1997) |
| "Metformin is an effective and safe alternative to insulin in GDM." | 2.82 | Identification of metformin poor responders, requiring supplemental insulin, during randomization of metformin versus insulin for the control of gestational diabetes mellitus. ( Abdelnaby, M; Ashoush, S; El-Said, M; Fathi, H, 2016) |
| "Pregestational and gestational diabetes are associated with significant maternal and fetal risks; therefore, screening and treatment during pregnancy are recommended." | 2.61 | Pharmacologic Treatment of Diabetes in Pregnancy. ( Bishop, KC; Boyd, BK; Brown, L; Harris, BS; Kuller, JA; Reiff, ES, 2019) |
| " The use of antenatal steroids in mothers at risk of preterm delivery complicates management of hyperglycaemia in the immediate antepartum period and requires appropriate dosing adjustments of insulin therapy." | 2.58 | Intra-partum management of women with diabetes. ( Jacob, JJ; Jewel, R, 2018) |
| "Metformin has also proven to be safe and may be considered as an initial single agent for milder gestational diabetes." | 2.55 | The care of pregestational and gestational diabetes and drug metabolism considerations. ( Davis, SN; Hedrington, MS, 2017) |
| "Studies of the use of metformin in gestational diabetes show at least equivalent neonatal outcomes, while reporting reductions in neonatal hypoglycaemia, maternal hypoglycaemia and weight gain and improved treatment satisfaction." | 2.50 | The use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in pregnancy. ( Holt, RI; Lambert, KD, 2014) |
| "Metformin was the most prescribed medication for GDM, with large increases over the past 2 decades." | 1.91 | Use of metformin and insulin among pregnant women with gestation diabetes in the United Kingdom: A population-based cohort study. ( Filion, KB; Platt, RW; Reynier, P; Yu, OHY; Yu, YH, 2023) |
| "Metformin treatment on male diabetic placental explant activated AMPK and stimulated PGC-1α expression, concomitant with increased H3K27 acetylation and decreased PGC-1α promoter methylation." | 1.56 | Role of metformin in epigenetic regulation of placental mitochondrial biogenesis in maternal diabetes. ( Chernausek, SD; Jensen, ME; Jiang, S; Teague, AM; Tryggestad, JB, 2020) |
| "Increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in women of childbearing age has led to a higher incidence of diabetes-associated birth defects." | 1.42 | Cellular Stress, Excessive Apoptosis, and the Effect of Metformin in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetic Embryopathy. ( Fu, M; Quon, MJ; Wang, C; Wang, F; Wu, Y; Yang, P, 2015) |
| "With the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in young adulthood, treatment of diabetes in pregnancy faces new challenges." | 1.40 | Anti-diabetic drug utilization of pregnant diabetic women in us managed care. ( Delaney, JA; Knox, CA; Winterstein, AG, 2014) |
| "Metformin was then administered." | 1.32 | Metformin use in an obese diabetic patient from weeks 1 to 21 of pregnancy. ( Imamura, M; Mori, M; Nagai, T, 2003) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 8 (12.70) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 3 (4.76) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 12 (19.05) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 30 (47.62) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 10 (15.87) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Yu, YH | 1 |
| Platt, RW | 1 |
| Reynier, P | 1 |
| Yu, OHY | 1 |
| Filion, KB | 1 |
| Kelty, E | 1 |
| Tran, DD | 1 |
| Atkinson, A | 1 |
| Preen, DB | 1 |
| Havard, A | 1 |
| Krupej-Kędzierska, J | 1 |
| Cichocka, E | 1 |
| Kędzierski, L | 1 |
| Okopień, B | 1 |
| Gumprecht, J | 1 |
| Jiang, S | 1 |
| Teague, AM | 1 |
| Tryggestad, JB | 1 |
| Jensen, ME | 1 |
| Chernausek, SD | 1 |
| Lin, SF | 1 |
| Chang, SH | 1 |
| Kuo, CF | 1 |
| Lin, WT | 1 |
| Chiou, MJ | 1 |
| Huang, YT | 1 |
| Riar, SS | 1 |
| Toppings, NB | 1 |
| Donovan, LE | 1 |
| Skibinska, M | 1 |
| Zurawska-Klis, M | 1 |
| Krekora, M | 1 |
| Cypryk, K | 1 |
| Hurrell, A | 1 |
| White, SL | 1 |
| Webster, LM | 1 |
| Kgosidialwa, O | 1 |
| Bogdanet, D | 1 |
| Egan, A | 1 |
| Newman, C | 1 |
| O'Shea, PM | 1 |
| Biesty, L | 1 |
| McDonagh, C | 1 |
| O'Shea, C | 1 |
| Devane, D | 1 |
| Dunne, F | 1 |
| Hedrington, MS | 1 |
| Davis, SN | 1 |
| Alqudah, A | 1 |
| McKinley, MC | 1 |
| McNally, R | 1 |
| Graham, U | 1 |
| Watson, CJ | 1 |
| Lyons, TJ | 1 |
| McClements, L | 1 |
| Panchaud, A | 1 |
| Rousson, V | 1 |
| Vial, T | 1 |
| Bernard, N | 1 |
| Baud, D | 1 |
| Amar, E | 1 |
| De Santis, M | 1 |
| Pistelli, A | 1 |
| Dautriche, A | 1 |
| Beau-Salinas, F | 1 |
| Cassina, M | 1 |
| Dunstan, H | 1 |
| Passier, A | 1 |
| Kaplan, YC | 1 |
| Duman, MK | 1 |
| Maňáková, E | 1 |
| Eleftheriou, G | 1 |
| Klinger, G | 1 |
| Winterfeld, U | 1 |
| Rothuizen, LE | 1 |
| Buclin, T | 1 |
| Csajka, C | 1 |
| Hernandez-Diaz, S | 1 |
| Jewel, R | 1 |
| Jacob, JJ | 1 |
| Given, JE | 1 |
| Loane, M | 1 |
| Garne, E | 1 |
| Addor, MC | 1 |
| Bakker, M | 1 |
| Bertaut-Nativel, B | 1 |
| Gatt, M | 1 |
| Klungsoyr, K | 1 |
| Lelong, N | 1 |
| Morgan, M | 1 |
| Neville, AJ | 1 |
| Pierini, A | 1 |
| Rissmann, A | 1 |
| Dolk, H | 1 |
| Berry, DC | 1 |
| Thomas, SD | 1 |
| Dorman, KF | 1 |
| Ivins, AR | 1 |
| de Los Angeles Abreu, M | 1 |
| Young, L | 1 |
| Boggess, K | 1 |
| Bashir, M | 1 |
| Dabbous, Z | 1 |
| Baagar, K | 1 |
| Elkhatib, F | 1 |
| Ibrahim, A | 1 |
| Brich, SA | 1 |
| Abdel-Rahman, ME | 1 |
| Konje, JC | 1 |
| Abou-Samra, AB | 1 |
| Egan, AM | 1 |
| Brassill, MJ | 1 |
| Brosnan, E | 1 |
| Carmody, L | 1 |
| Clarke, H | 1 |
| Coogan Kelly, C | 1 |
| Culliney, L | 1 |
| Durkan, M | 1 |
| Fenlon, M | 1 |
| Ferry, P | 1 |
| Hanlon, G | 1 |
| Higgins, T | 1 |
| Hoashi, S | 1 |
| Khamis, A | 1 |
| Kinsley, B | 1 |
| Kinsley, T | 1 |
| Kirwan, B | 1 |
| Liew, A | 1 |
| McGurk, C | 1 |
| McHugh, C | 1 |
| Murphy, MS | 1 |
| Murphy, P | 1 |
| O'Halloran, D | 1 |
| O'Mahony, L | 1 |
| O'Sullivan, E | 1 |
| Nolan, M | 1 |
| Peter, M | 1 |
| Roberts, G | 1 |
| Smyth, A | 1 |
| Todd, M | 1 |
| Tuthill, A | 1 |
| Wan Mahmood, WA | 1 |
| Yousif, O | 1 |
| P Dunne, F | 1 |
| Feghali, MN | 1 |
| Umans, JG | 1 |
| Catalano, PM | 1 |
| Bishop, KC | 1 |
| Harris, BS | 1 |
| Boyd, BK | 1 |
| Reiff, ES | 1 |
| Brown, L | 1 |
| Kuller, JA | 1 |
| Thirumalai, A | 1 |
| Holing, E | 1 |
| Brown, Z | 1 |
| Gilliam, LK | 1 |
| Lee, HY | 1 |
| Wei, D | 1 |
| Loeken, MR | 1 |
| Ibrahim, MI | 1 |
| Hamdy, A | 1 |
| Shafik, A | 1 |
| Taha, S | 1 |
| Anwar, M | 1 |
| Faris, M | 1 |
| Waheed, S | 1 |
| Malik, FP | 1 |
| Mazhar, SB | 1 |
| Knox, CA | 1 |
| Delaney, JA | 1 |
| Winterstein, AG | 1 |
| Holt, RI | 1 |
| Lambert, KD | 1 |
| Refuerzo, JS | 1 |
| Gowen, R | 1 |
| Pedroza, C | 1 |
| Hutchinson, M | 1 |
| Blackwell, SC | 1 |
| Ramin, S | 1 |
| Fantus, IG | 2 |
| Benhalima, K | 1 |
| Devlieger, R | 1 |
| Van Assche, A | 1 |
| Wu, Y | 1 |
| Wang, F | 1 |
| Fu, M | 1 |
| Wang, C | 1 |
| Quon, MJ | 1 |
| Yang, P | 1 |
| Ashoush, S | 1 |
| El-Said, M | 1 |
| Fathi, H | 1 |
| Abdelnaby, M | 1 |
| Butalia, S | 1 |
| Gutierrez, L | 1 |
| Lodha, A | 1 |
| Aitken, E | 1 |
| Zakariasen, A | 1 |
| Donovan, L | 1 |
| Feig, DS | 2 |
| Murphy, K | 1 |
| Asztalos, E | 1 |
| Tomlinson, G | 1 |
| Sanchez, J | 1 |
| Zinman, B | 1 |
| Ohlsson, A | 1 |
| Ryan, EA | 1 |
| Armson, AB | 1 |
| Lipscombe, LL | 1 |
| Barrett, JF | 1 |
| Bajaj, S | 1 |
| Gray, SG | 1 |
| McGuire, TM | 1 |
| Cohen, N | 1 |
| Little, PJ | 1 |
| Rowan, JA | 4 |
| Luen, S | 1 |
| Hughes, RC | 3 |
| Sadler, LC | 1 |
| McCowan, LM | 1 |
| Herman, WH | 1 |
| Fajans, SS | 1 |
| Mathiesen, ER | 1 |
| Ringholm, L | 1 |
| Damm, P | 2 |
| Ballas, J | 1 |
| Moore, TR | 1 |
| Ramos, GA | 1 |
| Zuckerwise, LC | 1 |
| Werner, EF | 1 |
| Pettker, CM | 1 |
| McMahon-Brown, EK | 1 |
| Thung, SF | 1 |
| Han, CS | 1 |
| Hawkins, JZ | 1 |
| Wing, D | 1 |
| Hickman, MA | 1 |
| McBride, R | 1 |
| Boggess, KA | 1 |
| Strauss, R | 1 |
| POULSEN, JE | 1 |
| CAGLI, V | 1 |
| McCarthy, EA | 1 |
| Walker, SP | 1 |
| McLachlan, K | 1 |
| Boyle, J | 1 |
| Permezel, M | 1 |
| Simmons, D | 1 |
| Walters, BN | 1 |
| McIntyre, HD | 1 |
| Gardiner, SJ | 2 |
| Begg, EJ | 2 |
| Kirkpatrick, CM | 1 |
| Buckham, RB | 1 |
| Brown, FM | 1 |
| Wyckoff, J | 1 |
| Jovanovic, L | 1 |
| Sacks, DA | 1 |
| Briggs, GG | 2 |
| Zhang, M | 1 |
| Koren, G | 1 |
| Nagai, T | 1 |
| Imamura, M | 1 |
| Mori, M | 1 |
| Ratchford, AM | 1 |
| Chang, AS | 1 |
| Chi, MM | 1 |
| Sheridan, R | 1 |
| Moley, KH | 1 |
| Coustan, DR | 1 |
| Coetzee, EJ | 3 |
| Jackson, WP | 3 |
| Sulkin, TV | 1 |
| Bosman, D | 1 |
| Krentz, AJ | 1 |
| Sarlis, NJ | 1 |
| Weil, SJ | 1 |
| Nelson, LM | 1 |
| Holstein, A | 1 |
| Nahrwold, D | 1 |
| Hinze, S | 1 |
| Egberts, EH | 1 |
| Hellmuth, E | 1 |
| Mølsted-Pedersen, L | 1 |
| Brearley, BF | 1 |
| Tattersall, RB | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevention of Pre-eclampsia Using Metformin: a Randomized Control Trial[NCT04855513] | 414 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-03-24 | Not yet recruiting | |||
| Medical Optimization of Management of Type 2 Diabetes Complicating Pregnancy[NCT02932475] | Phase 3 | 831 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-05-25 | Terminated (stopped due to Recommendation by the DSMB that the study be stopped for futility) | ||
| Non-inferiority Between Acarbose and Prandial Insulin for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized Multicenter and Prospective Trial. ACARB-GDM Study.[NCT03380546] | Phase 3 | 341 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2018-07-04 | Active, not recruiting | ||
| Metformin in Women With Type 2 Diabetes in Pregnancy Trial[NCT01353391] | Phase 3 | 500 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2011-05-25 | Completed | ||
| Pilot Study of Metformin vs. Insulin in Pregnant Overt Diabetics (MIPOD)[NCT00835861] | Phase 2 | 31 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-08-31 | Completed | ||
| Pulsatile GnRH in Anovulatory Infertility[NCT00383656] | Phase 2 | 270 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 1989-01-31 | Recruiting | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Neonatal fat mass measured by skin-fold thickness (anthropometrics).The circumference of the upper limb is the circumference of the upper arm, and the circumference of the lower limb equals the mean of the circumferences measured at the midthigh and calf. The volume of the subcutaneous layer of fat covering each cylinder is estimated by multiplying the length times the circumference times the layer of fat estimated by the skinfold measures. The triceps skinfold measure is used as an estimate of the fat thickness of the limbs, and the subscapular skinfold measure approximates the fat thickness of the trunk. Total body fat is estimated by summing the volumes of fat covering each of the cylinders and multiplying by 0.9 (the density of fat). (NCT02932475)
Timeframe: Within 72 hrs of birth
| Intervention | kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Maternal Metformin | 0.46 |
| Maternal Placebo | 0.5 |
"Participants with one or more of the following:~capillary blood glucose level of < 30 mg/dL or capillary blood glucose requiring medical treatment, or~Birth trauma (umbilical cord artery pH < 7.0 or shoulder dystocia with brachial plexus injury), or~Hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy, or~Deliver < 37 weeks' gestation, or~Miscarry, are stillborn, experience a neonatal demise, or~Large for gestational age infant (birth weight > 90th percentile for gestational age), or~Small for gestational age infant (birth weight < 10th percentile for gestational age) or low birth weight (< 2500 gm)" (NCT02932475)
Timeframe: An average of 48 hours for term infants and 30 days for preterm infants
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Metformin | 269 |
| Placebo | 277 |
Adverse maternal outcomes. (NCT02932475)
Timeframe: An average of 48 hours following delivery
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any adverse event leading to early study agent discontinuation | Any adverse event associated with maternal death | Any adverse event associated with fetal death | Any maternal serious adverse event | Any maternal non-serious adverse event | |
| Metformin | 13 | 2 | 10 | 113 | 149 |
| Placebo | 20 | 1 | 10 | 111 | 157 |
Adverse neonatal outcomes (NCT02932475)
Timeframe: up to 28 days of life
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |
|---|---|---|
| Any neonatal serious adverse event | Any neonatal non-serious adverse event | |
| Maternal Metformin | 81 | 157 |
| Maternal Placebo | 105 | 162 |
"Secondary outcome of maternal side effects were defined as:~clinically relevant hypoglycemia defined as capillary blood glucose < 60 or < 80 with symptoms~GI side effects defined as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea" (NCT02932475)
Timeframe: Throughout study until delivery at 40 weeks gestation
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |
|---|---|---|
| Clinically relevant hypoglycemia | Gastrointestinal side effects | |
| Metformin | 87 | 182 |
| Placebo | 85 | 171 |
(NCT00835861)
Timeframe: Baseline throughout pregnancy until last prenatal visit.
| Intervention | kg/week (Median) |
|---|---|
| Metformin | 0.28 |
| Insulin | 0.30 |
Resuscitation in the delivery room, preterm birth < 37 weeks, neonatal intensive care unit care, birth injury or diagnosis of neonatal complication, glucose infusion, antibiotics, or phototherapy. (NCT00835861)
Timeframe: Delivery until hospital discharge
| Intervention | number of babies (Number) |
|---|---|
| Metformin | 4 |
| Insulin | 7 |
Initial neonatal glucose < 40 mg/dL (NCT00835861)
Timeframe: Time of delivery through hospital discharge
| Intervention | Number of babies (Number) |
|---|---|
| Metformin | 2 |
| Insulin | 0 |
Maternal glucose < 60 mg/dL (NCT00835861)
Timeframe: Baseline throughout pregnancy until time of delivery
| Intervention | Number of episodes (Number) |
|---|---|
| Metformin | 1 |
| Insulin | 7 |
Maternal complications were stillbirths, major malformations, shoulder dystocia, or postpartum hemorrhage requiring transfusion. (NCT00835861)
Timeframe: Throughout pregnancy until hospital discharge following delivery.
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Metformin | 0 |
| Insulin | 0 |
Patients self monitored glucose measures throughout pregnancy to aid glycemic control. Fasting morning measures and postprandial measures were taken at 1 hour after breakfast, lunch, and dinner. (NCT00835861)
Timeframe: Daily fasting and 1-hr post prandial measures were taken from time of enrollment until delivery
| Intervention | mg/dL (Median) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting throughout enrollment | Fasting 18-20 weeks | Fasting 28-30 weeks | Fasting 36-38 weeks | Postprandial throughout enrollment | Postprandial 18-20 weeks | Postprandial 28-30 weeks | Postprandial 36-38 weeks | |
| Insulin | 95.04 | 92.38 | 90.64 | 85.18 | 128.62 | 120.46 | 126.45 | 125.25 |
| Metformin | 97.38 | 97.00 | 92.43 | 89.49 | 120.40 | 118.40 | 119.00 | 122.59 |
(NCT00835861)
Timeframe: 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester
| Intervention | percentage of glycosolated hemoglobin (Median) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st trimester | 2nd trimester | 3rd trimester | |
| Insulin | 6.2 | 5.5 | 5.6 |
| Metformin | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.9 |
NUMBER OF ASSESSMENTS OF FASTING GLUCOSE VALUES <95 (NCT00835861)
Timeframe: Baseline throughout pregnancy until time of delivery
| Intervention | percent of glucose values (Number) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Throughout enrollment; n=1634, 1432 | 18-20 weeks; n=148, 259 | 28-30 weeks; n=253, 201 | 36-38 weeks; n=115, 83 | |
| Insulin | 58 | 64 | 62 | 96 |
| Metformin | 48 | 42 | 64 | 76 |
NUMBER OF ASSESSMENTS OF POSTPRANDIAL GLUCOSE VALUES <130 (NCT00835861)
Timeframe: Baseline throughout pregnancy until time of delivery
| Intervention | percent of glucose values (Number) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Throughout enrollment; n=4195, 3796 | 18-20 weeks; n=368, 428 | 28-30 weeks; n=652, 559 | 36-38 weeks; n=272,228 | |
| Insulin | 61 | 67 | 58 | 65 |
| Metformin | 69 | 72 | 71 | 66 |
19 reviews available for metformin and Pregnancy in Diabetes
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Metformin therapy in pregnancy [Zastosowanie metforminy w ciąży].
Topics: Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pr | 2020 |
Metformin administration during pregnancy - current insight.
Topics: Child; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insul | 2021 |
Prescribing for pregnancy: managing diabetes.
Topics: Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insuli | 2021 |
A systematic review on outcome reporting in randomised controlled trials assessing treatment interventions in pregnant women with pregestational diabetes.
Topics: Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Pregnancy; Pregnancy | 2021 |
The care of pregestational and gestational diabetes and drug metabolism considerations.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Glyburide; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic | 2017 |
Risk of pre-eclampsia in women taking metformin: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Adult; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemi | 2018 |
Intra-partum management of women with diabetes.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Blood Glucose; Delivery, Obstetric; Diabetes, Gestational; Disease Manageme | 2018 |
Drugs to Control Diabetes During Pregnancy.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Glycated Hemogl | 2019 |
Pharmacologic Treatment of Diabetes in Pregnancy.
Topics: Diabetes, Gestational; Exercise; Female; Glyburide; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Metformin; | 2019 |
The use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in pregnancy.
Topics: Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; Humans; | 2014 |
Screening and management of gestational diabetes.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Diet | 2015 |
Short- and long-term outcomes of metformin compared with insulin alone in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Fetal Development; Humans; Hypoglyc | 2017 |
The emerging role of metformin in gestational diabetes mellitus.
Topics: Australia; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Metformin; Pregnancy | 2017 |
Hemoglobin A1c for the diagnosis of diabetes: practical considerations.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; False Negative R | 2010 |
Management of diabetes in pregnancy.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Glyburide; Huma | 2012 |
Abnormal glucose metabolism: diagnosis and management in the ambulatory setting.
Topics: Ambulatory Care; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Diabetes, Gestational; Diet Therapy; Exercise Therap | 2012 |
Metformin in obstetric and gynecologic practice: a review.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Anovulation; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Gastrointestinal Tract; Human | 2004 |
Metformin therapy and diabetes in pregnancy.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Po | 2004 |
Oral antidiabetic agents in pregnancy and lactation: a paradigm shift?
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Breast Feeding; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hypoglycem | 2007 |
8 trials available for metformin and Pregnancy in Diabetes
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Rationale, design, and methods for the Medical Optimization and Management of Pregnancies with Overt Type 2 Diabetes (MOMPOD) study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Birth Injuries; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Management; Double-Blind Metho | 2018 |
The role of adding metformin in insulin-resistant diabetic pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Diabetes, Gestational; Egypt; Fasting; Fem | 2014 |
Efficacy of metformin versus insulin in the management of pregnancy with diabetes.
Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Child; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Fasting; Female; Huma | 2013 |
A pilot randomized, controlled trial of metformin versus insulin in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.
Topics: Adult; Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dystocia; Female; Fetal Macrosomia; G | 2015 |
Identification of metformin poor responders, requiring supplemental insulin, during randomization of metformin versus insulin for the control of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Topics: Adult; Apgar Score; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Diabetes, Gestational; Drug Therapy, Combination | 2016 |
Metformin in women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy (MiTy): a multi-center randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Glucose; Clinical Protocols; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind Method | 2016 |
Metformin compared with insulin in the treatment of pregnant women with overt diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; C-Peptide; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Hyp | 2013 |
Oral antidiabetic agents in pregnancy and lactation: a paradigm shift?
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Breast Feeding; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hypoglycem | 2007 |
37 other studies available for metformin and Pregnancy in Diabetes
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Use of metformin and insulin among pregnant women with gestation diabetes in the United Kingdom: A population-based cohort study.
Topics: Cohort Studies; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Metformin; Preg | 2023 |
Maternal and Neonatal Health Outcomes Associated with the Use of Gliclazide and Metformin for the Treatment of Diabetes in Pregnancy: A Record Linkage Study.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Gliclazide; Hospitalization; Huma | 2020 |
Role of metformin in epigenetic regulation of placental mitochondrial biogenesis in maternal diabetes.
Topics: Acetylation; Adult; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Cohort Studies; Diabetes, Gestational; D | 2020 |
Association of pregnancy outcomes in women with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin versus insulin when becoming pregnant.
Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Infant, Newborn; Insulin; Met | 2020 |
Glycemic Impact of Metformin in Diabetes Caused by Heterozygous Insulin Gene Mutation R46Q.
Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin; Glycemic Control; Heterozygote; Humans; Hypog | 2021 |
Pregnancy outcomes in women on metformin for diabetes or other indications among those seeking teratology information services.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adult; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Pregna | 2018 |
Metformin exposure in first trimester of pregnancy and risk of all or specific congenital anomalies: exploratory case-control study.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Mater | 2018 |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus in pregnancy: The impact of maternal weight and early glycaemic control on outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cesarean Section; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Fetal Macrosomia; | 2019 |
An Irish National Diabetes in Pregnancy Audit: aiming for best outcomes for women with diabetes.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adult; Aspirin; Cesarean Section; Clinical Audit; Delivery of Health Care; De | 2020 |
A case of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β (TCF2) maturity onset diabetes of the young misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes and treated unnecessarily with insulin.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Hepatocyte Nuclear | 2013 |
Lack of metformin effect on mouse embryo AMPK activity: implications for metformin treatment during pregnancy.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes, | 2014 |
Anti-diabetic drug utilization of pregnant diabetic women in us managed care.
Topics: Adult; Databases, Factual; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; | 2014 |
Is metformin ready for prime time in pregnancy? Probably not yet.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Po | 2015 |
Cellular Stress, Excessive Apoptosis, and the Effect of Metformin in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetic Embryopathy.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Caspases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; End | 2015 |
Non-insulin pharmacological therapy in pregnancy.
Topics: Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Glyburide; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Metformin; Pregnancy | 2016 |
Customised birthweight centiles are useful for identifying small-for-gestational-age babies in women with type 2 diabetes.
Topics: Adult; Birth Weight; Body Mass Index; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hyp | 2009 |
Pregnancy management of women with pregestational diabetes.
Topics: Congenital Abnormalities; Counseling; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Me | 2011 |
Pregestational diabetes with extreme insulin resistance: use of U-500 insulin in pregnancy.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; | 2012 |
[ORAL DIABETIC DRUGS].
Topics: Carbutamide; Chlorpropamide; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Metformin; Phenformin; Pregnancy; Pr | 1964 |
[THE THERAPY OF DIABETES MELLITUS].
Topics: Carbutamide; Chlorpropamide; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Coma; Diet, Diabetic; Female; Globins; Hypo | 1964 |
Metformin therapy and diabetes in pregnancy.
Topics: Breast Feeding; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Milk, Human; Practice Guidelines as | 2004 |
Metformin in pregnancy: its time has not yet come.
Topics: Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pr | 2006 |
Pregnancy in women with Type 2 diabetes: who takes metformin and what is the outcome?
Topics: Adult; Body Mass Index; Chronic Disease; Delivery, Obstetric; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Fet | 2006 |
Effect of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of metformin.
Topics: Adult; Area Under Curve; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Hy | 2006 |
Metformin use in an obese diabetic patient from weeks 1 to 21 of pregnancy.
Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Fetal Macrosomia; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Res | 2003 |
Maternal diabetes adversely affects AMP-activated protein kinase activity and cellular metabolism in murine oocytes.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphos | 2007 |
A 40-year-old woman with diabetes contemplating pregnancy after gastric bypass surgery.
Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Breast Feeding; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Gastric Bypass; G | 2008 |
Pregnancy in established non-insulin-dependent diabetics. A five-and-a-half year study at Groote Schuur Hospital.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Glyburide; Humans; Infant Mortality; Insulin; Labor, Induced; Metformin; | 1980 |
Contraindications to metformin therapy in patients with NIDDM.
Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Alcoholism; Contraindications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; D | 1997 |
Administration of metformin to a diabetic woman with extreme hyperandrogenemia of nontumoral origin: management of infertility and prevention of inadvertent masculinization of a female fetus.
Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disorders of Sex Development; Female; Humans; Hyperandrogenism; Hy | 1999 |
Contra-indications to metformin therapy are largely disregarded.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Contraindications; Coronary Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabet | 1999 |
Oral hypoglycaemic agents in 118 diabetic pregnancies.
Topics: Abruptio Placentae; Adult; Birth Weight; Cesarean Section; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 | 2000 |
Diabetes newly diagnosed during pregnancy: A 4-year study at Groote Schuur Hospital.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Birth Weight; Black or African American; Black People; Delivery, Obstetric; Diabe | 1979 |
Metformin in management of pregnant insulin-independent diabetics.
Topics: Apgar Score; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Metformin; Pregnanc | 1979 |
The management of pregnancy in diabetes mellitus.
Topics: Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Chlorpropamide; Delivery, Obstetric; Diet, Diabetic; Female; Fetal Deat | 1975 |
Mild familial diabetes with dominant inheritance.
Topics: Acetohexamide; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; Carbohydrates; Child; Chlorpropamide; Diabete | 1974 |
Diabetes mellitus--refractory obesity.
Topics: Biguanides; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet Therapy; Female; Fetal Death; Glucose Tolerance Test; Glycosuria | 1972 |