metformin and Disease Exacerbation studies

Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289)
metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Metformin use was associated with improved oncological outcomes in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with intravesical BCG."	9.51	Beyond diabetes mellitus: role of metformin in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. ( Chiong, E; Kesavan, E; Lata, RM; Mahendran, R; Ong, WYF; Shen, T; Sng, JH; Wang, Z, 2022)
"Metformin inhibits cyclic AMP generation and activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin pathways."	9.27	A Randomized Clinical Trial of Metformin to Treat Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. ( Abebe, KZ; Bae, KT; Hallows, KR; Miskulin, DC; Perrone, RD; Seliger, SL; Watnick, T, 2018)
" The models can be used by overweight and obese adults with fasting hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance to facilitate personalized decision-making by allowing them to explicitly weigh the benefits and feasibility of the lifestyle and metformin interventions."	9.24	Impact of Lifestyle and Metformin Interventions on the Risk of Progression to Diabetes and Regression to Normal Glucose Regulation in Overweight or Obese People With Impaired Glucose Regulation. ( Barrett-Connor, E; Dabelea, DM; Edelstein, SL; Herman, WH; Horton, E; Kahn, SE; Knowler, WC; Lorenzo, C; Mather, KJ; Pan, Q; Perreault, L; Pi-Sunyer, X; Venditti, E; Ye, W, 2017)
" Metformin use was negatively associated with the incidence of colorectal adenoma (RR: 0."	9.05	Suppressive effects of metformin on colorectal adenoma incidence and malignant progression. ( Deng, M; Huang, D; Lei, S; Wang, H; Wu, Y; Xia, S; Xu, E; Zhang, H, 2020)
"We searched the PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases for articles published prior to April 2020 to find observational studies of individuals with concurrent asthma and diabetes that compared the risk of asthma exacerbation between metformin users and nonusers."	9.05	Association of Metformin Use with Asthma Exacerbation in Patients with Concurrent Asthma and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. ( Chai, Y; Changfu, Y; Gao, J; Guan, L; Haiyang, Y; Huaiquan, L; Qingxue, W; Wen, L; Yunzhi, C; Zhong, Q; Zhong, W, 2020)
"We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between metformin intake and bladder cancer risk as well as oncologic outcomes in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients."	8.98	Association of metformin intake with bladder cancer risk and oncologic outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Chen, HQ; Chen, JB; Cui, Y; Hu, J; Liu, LF; Ren, WB; Zhou, X; Zhu, YW; Zu, XB, 2018)
"To synthesize the best available evidence on the association of metformin-use with risk, progression, and severity of dementia."	8.98	Metformin Use Associated with Reduced Risk of Dementia in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Aromataris, E; Bellman, SM; Campbell, JM; Chapman, I; de Courten, B; Stephenson, MD, 2018)
"To determine the effectiveness and safety of metformin in treating women with endometrial hyperplasia."	8.95	Metformin for endometrial hyperplasia. ( Atiomo, W; Clement, NS; Mulvaney, CA; Oliver, TR; Sanner, JR; Shiwani, H, 2017)
"In this study, we aim to determine the effect of metformin on osteoarthritis (OA) development and progression."	7.96	Metformin limits osteoarthritis development and progression through activation of AMPK signalling. ( Chen, D; Feng, S; Huang, J; Li, J; Liu, WX; Liu-Bryan, R; Lu, K; Ning, G; Oh, CD; Pan, H; Wang, T; Xiao, G; Xing, C; Yi, D; Zhang, B; Zhao, L, 2020)
"To assess the relationship between metformin use and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to investigate the effect of metformin dosage on reducing the incidence of DR."	7.96	Metformin Treatment Is Associated with a Decreased Risk of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Cohort Study. ( Fan, YP; Hsiung, CA; Lai, JN; Lin, JL; Liu, HY; Wu, CT; Yang, CC, 2020)
"The use of metformin after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been associated with reduced mortality in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)."	7.91	Metformin use and cardiovascular outcomes after acute myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study. ( Bromage, DI; Denaxas, S; Godec, TR; Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A; Hemingway, H; Pujades-Rodriguez, M; Yellon, DM, 2019)
" The antidiabetic agent metformin has shown its ability to inhibit tumor angiogenesis in metastatic breast cancer models."	7.91	Metformin inhibits metastatic breast cancer progression and improves chemosensitivity by inducing vessel normalization via PDGF-B downregulation. ( Feng, J; Han, SX; Jiang, YN; Li, GY; Liu, JL; Liu, PJ; Lu, SY; Shen, YW; Sun, X; Wang, B; Wang, JC; Wang, MD; Zhou, C, 2019)
"The present study aimed to investigate the possible effects of metformin on the progression of atherosclerosis in a rabbit model."	7.88	Metformin ameliorates the progression of atherosclerosis via suppressing macrophage infiltration and inflammatory responses in rabbits. ( Chen, J; Chen, M; Qu, J; Ren, W; Sun, S; Tang, X; Wang, H; Yang, Q; Yu, B; Yuan, H, 2018)
"Here, we used an 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced mammary tumor rat model of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive postmenopausal breast cancer to evaluate the long-term effects of metformin administration on metabolic and tumor endpoints."	7.88	Metformin inhibits stromal aromatase expression and tumor progression in a rodent model of postmenopausal breast cancer. ( Anderson, SM; Edwards, DP; Giles, ED; Jindal, S; MacLean, PS; Schedin, P; Schedin, T; Thor, AD; Wellberg, EA, 2018)
"This is a retrospective cohort study that includes patients diagnosed with metastatic malignant melanoma and treated with ipilimumab, nivolumab, and/or pembrolizumab (Cohort A); or ipilimumab, nivolumab, and/or pembrolizumab plus metformin (Cohort B) between January 1st 2011 through December 15th 2017."	7.88	Efficacy of metformin in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4) in metastatic malignant melanoma. ( Afzal, MZ; Mercado, RR; Shirai, K, 2018)
"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common in obese women with insulin resistant type 2 diabetes for which metformin treatment is getting established in addition to clomiphene."	7.83	A case of lean polycystic ovary syndrome with early stage of type 1 diabetes successfully treated with metformin. ( Hirose, T; Kitamura, M; Kumashiro, N; Rikitake, T; Saegusa, M; Shigiyama, F; Uchino, H; Usui, S, 2016)
" Interestingly, our findings showed an association of metformin therapy and prolonged progression-free survival in glioblastoma patients with diabetes and therefore serve as a foundation for further preclinical and clinical investigations."	7.81	Metformin influences progression in diabetic glioblastoma patients. ( Adeberg, S; Ben Harrabi, S; Bernhardt, D; Bostel, T; Debus, J; Diehl, C; Koelsche, C; Mohr, A; Rieken, S, 2015)
"The impact of statins, aspirin and metformin use on recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) has not been evaluated."	7.81	Effects of Statin, Aspirin or Metformin Use on Recurrence-Free and Overall Survival in Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer. ( Aneja, P; Horgan, AM; Knox, JJ; Le, LW; McKeever, E; McNamara, MG, 2015)
"To assess the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and metformin use with prognosis and outcomes of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 1117 patients with NMIBC treated at four institutions between 1996 and 2007."	7.79	Association of diabetes mellitus and metformin use with oncological outcomes of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. ( Babjuk, M; Bachmann, A; Chrystal, J; Crivelli, JJ; Faison, T; Fajkovic, H; Karakiewicz, PI; Kautzky-Willer, A; Kluth, L; Lotan, Y; Rieken, M; Scherr, DS; Shariat, SF; Xylinas, E, 2013)
"Metformin attenuated oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and prevented the progression of heart failure in dogs, along with activation of AMPK."	7.75	Metformin prevents progression of heart failure in dogs: role of AMP-activated protein kinase. ( Asakura, M; Asanuma, H; Fujita, M; Ito, S; Kim, J; Kitakaze, M; Komamura, K; Minamino, T; Mochizuki, N; Ogai, A; Sanada, S; Sasaki, H; Sugimachi, M; Takahama, H; Takashima, S; Wakeno, M, 2009)
" We investigated potential lipid-related mechanisms of metformin (Met) and/or exercise for blunting the progression of hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia and skeletal muscle insulin resistance in female Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF), a high-fat (HF) diet-induced model of diabetes."	7.74	Metformin and exercise reduce muscle FAT/CD36 and lipid accumulation and blunt the progression of high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia. ( Bonen, A; Chabowski, A; Dyck, DJ; Junkin, KA; Mullen, KL; Nickerson, J; Smith, AC, 2007)
" In the "Diabetes Prevention Program", metformin (2 x 850 mg/day), a biguanide compound, reduces the progression from impaired glucose tolerance towards type 2 diabetes by 31% (p < 0."	7.71	[Info-Meeting. Pharmacologic prevention of the progression from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes: favorable effects of metformin and acarbose]. ( Scheen, AJ, 2001)
"The primary outcome measure was type 2 diabetes as diagnosed using World Health Organization criteria."	6.72	The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). ( Bhaskar, AD; Mary, S; Mukesh, B; Ramachandran, A; Snehalatha, C; Vijay, V, 2006)
"Metformin was effective in reducing enzyme levels in the short period, but very limited and controversial information are available on liver histology."	6.50	Metformin in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: safety, efficacy and mechanism. ( Abenavoli, L; Milic, N; Rouabhia, S, 2014)
"Metformin has begun to be discussed as a potentially useful agent on the basis of the results of epidemiological and preclinical research showing that it may be beneficial in patients with leukaemia, lymphomas and multiple myeloma."	5.72	Reduced Progression of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance to Multiple Myeloma in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Will Metformin Never Stop Its Pleasant Surprises? ( Papachristou, S; Papanas, N; Popovic, DS, 2022)
"Metastatic breast cancer remains a serious health concern and numerous investigations recommended medicinal plants as a complementary therapy."	5.62	Crocin and Metformin suppress metastatic breast cancer progression via VEGF and MMP9 downregulations: in vitro and in vivo studies. ( Abedini, MR; Arzi, L; Chamani, E; Farahi, A; Farhoudi, R; Hoshyar, R; Javdani, H; Talebloo, N, 2021)
"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease and is closely linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia."	5.62	Metformin in Combination with Malvidin Prevents Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Improving Lipid and Glucose Metabolisms, and Inhibiting Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Rats. ( Gu, X; Li, X; Zhang, C; Zhu, H; Zou, W, 2021)
"Metformin is a 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist that has a protective effect on vasculature."	5.56	Metformin inhibits intracranial aneurysm formation and progression by regulating vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switching via the AMPK/ACC pathway. ( Fan, Z; Li, S; Liu, P; Liu, Y; Quan, K; Shi, Y; Song, Y; Ying, L; Yu, G; Zhu, W, 2020)
"<6."	5.56	Metformin Should Not Be Used to Treat Prediabetes. ( Davidson, MB, 2020)
"Metformin use was associated with improved oncological outcomes in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with intravesical BCG."	5.51	Beyond diabetes mellitus: role of metformin in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. ( Chiong, E; Kesavan, E; Lata, RM; Mahendran, R; Ong, WYF; Shen, T; Sng, JH; Wang, Z, 2022)
"We found that 50% or more of the maximal metformin dose was safe and well tolerated over 12 months in patients with ADPKD."	5.51	Metformin Therapy in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Feasibility Study. ( Brosnahan, GM; Chonchol, MB; George, D; Gitomer, B; Klawitter, J; Nowak, KL; Struemph, T; Wang, W; You, Z, 2022)
"Treatment with metformin altered macrophage polarization, reduced liver size and reduced micronuclei formation in NAFLD/NASH-associated HCC larvae."	5.51	Metformin modulates innate immune-mediated inflammation and early progression of NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in zebrafish. ( de Oliveira, S; Golenberg, N; Graves, AL; Houseright, RA; Huttenlocher, A; Korte, BG; Miskolci, V, 2019)
"Metformin has beneficial effects of preventing and treating cancers on type 2 diabetic patients."	5.48	Metformin suppresses melanoma progression by inhibiting KAT5-mediated SMAD3 acetylation, transcriptional activity and TRIB3 expression. ( Cui, B; Hu, ZW; Hua, F; Huang, B; Li, K; Li, X; Lv, XX; Wang, F; Yang, ZN; Yu, JJ; Zhang, TT; Zhang, XW; Zhao, CX, 2018)
"In addition, we observed that bladder cancer cell lines (RT4, UMUC-3, and J82) with homozygous deletion of either TSC1 or PTEN are more sensitive to metformin than those (TEU2, TCCSUP, and HT1376) with wild-type TSC1 and PTEN genes."	5.43	High Sensitivity of an Ha-RAS Transgenic Model of Superficial Bladder Cancer to Metformin Is Associated with ∼240-Fold Higher Drug Concentration in Urine than Serum. ( Avizonis, D; Blair, CA; Li, X; Liu, Z; McClelland, M; Pollak, M; Uchio, E; Wu, XR; Yokoyama, NN; Youssef, R; Zi, X, 2016)
"Metformin also can arrest bladder cancer cells in G1/S phases, which subsequently leads to apoptosis."	5.43	Metformin represses bladder cancer progression by inhibiting stem cell repopulation via COX2/PGE2/STAT3 axis. ( Huang, Z; Jiang, J; Lan, W; Liu, G; Liu, Q; Tong, D; Xiao, H; Yang, J; Yuan, W; Zhang, D; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y, 2016)
"A panel of 15 HNSCC cell lines was assayed for glucose and glutamine dependence and sensitivity to metabolic inhibitors."	5.37	Glucose, not glutamine, is the dominant energy source required for proliferation and survival of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. ( Davis-Malesevich, M; Fokt, I; Frederick, MJ; Myers, JN; Ow, TJ; Pickering, CR; Priebe, W; Sandulache, VC; Zhou, G, 2011)
"Metformin inhibits cyclic AMP generation and activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin pathways."	5.27	A Randomized Clinical Trial of Metformin to Treat Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. ( Abebe, KZ; Bae, KT; Hallows, KR; Miskulin, DC; Perrone, RD; Seliger, SL; Watnick, T, 2018)
"We analyzed data from the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) for 2,476 adults in 1996-1999 with prediabetes randomized to receive treatment with lifestyle modification, metformin, or placebo for 2-3 years and followed through 2014 for T2DM and CVD outcomes."	5.27	Use of a Metabolic Syndrome Severity ( DeBoer, MD; Filipp, SL; Gurka, MJ, 2018)
" The models can be used by overweight and obese adults with fasting hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance to facilitate personalized decision-making by allowing them to explicitly weigh the benefits and feasibility of the lifestyle and metformin interventions."	5.24	Impact of Lifestyle and Metformin Interventions on the Risk of Progression to Diabetes and Regression to Normal Glucose Regulation in Overweight or Obese People With Impaired Glucose Regulation. ( Barrett-Connor, E; Dabelea, DM; Edelstein, SL; Herman, WH; Horton, E; Kahn, SE; Knowler, WC; Lorenzo, C; Mather, KJ; Pan, Q; Perreault, L; Pi-Sunyer, X; Venditti, E; Ye, W, 2017)
" Metformin use was negatively associated with the incidence of colorectal adenoma (RR: 0."	5.05	Suppressive effects of metformin on colorectal adenoma incidence and malignant progression. ( Deng, M; Huang, D; Lei, S; Wang, H; Wu, Y; Xia, S; Xu, E; Zhang, H, 2020)
"We searched the PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases for articles published prior to April 2020 to find observational studies of individuals with concurrent asthma and diabetes that compared the risk of asthma exacerbation between metformin users and nonusers."	5.05	Association of Metformin Use with Asthma Exacerbation in Patients with Concurrent Asthma and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. ( Chai, Y; Changfu, Y; Gao, J; Guan, L; Haiyang, Y; Huaiquan, L; Qingxue, W; Wen, L; Yunzhi, C; Zhong, Q; Zhong, W, 2020)
"To assess the association of metformin prescription with the risk of aortic aneurysm, aortic aneurysm events and the enlargement of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)."	5.01	Metformin prescription and aortic aneurysm: systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Cao, S; Chen, T; Durgahee, MSA; Jiang, D; Wang, J; Wang, K; Wang, R; Wei, X; Yu, X, 2019)
" In breast cancer, TGF-β effect on EMT could be potentiated by Fos-related antigen, oncogene HER2, epidermal growth factor, or mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 - extracellular-regulated kinase signaling."	5.01	Epithelial mesenchymal transition and resistance in endocrine-related cancers. ( Culig, Z, 2019)
"We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between metformin intake and bladder cancer risk as well as oncologic outcomes in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients."	4.98	Association of metformin intake with bladder cancer risk and oncologic outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Chen, HQ; Chen, JB; Cui, Y; Hu, J; Liu, LF; Ren, WB; Zhou, X; Zhu, YW; Zu, XB, 2018)
"To synthesize the best available evidence on the association of metformin-use with risk, progression, and severity of dementia."	4.98	Metformin Use Associated with Reduced Risk of Dementia in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Aromataris, E; Bellman, SM; Campbell, JM; Chapman, I; de Courten, B; Stephenson, MD, 2018)
"To determine the effectiveness and safety of metformin in treating women with endometrial hyperplasia."	4.95	Metformin for endometrial hyperplasia. ( Atiomo, W; Clement, NS; Mulvaney, CA; Oliver, TR; Sanner, JR; Shiwani, H, 2017)
" If the patient does not respond with a weight loss of at least 5% and if the HbA1C values are not normalized, pharmacological management should be initiated with a metformin dose of 500 mg / day, increasing up to 1,500 - 1,700 mg / day, according to tolerance."	4.95	Prediabetes in Colombia: Expert Consensus. ( Calderón, C; Castillo, J; Escobar, ID; López-Jaramillo, P; Melgarejo, E; Parra, GA, 2017)
"This study estimated the cost-effectiveness of metformin to reduce the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) from the US health-care payer perspective."	4.02	Cost-effectiveness analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome management and the risk of gestational diabetes in pregnant women: a decision-tree model. ( Alenzi, EO, 2021)
" The secondary outcome was metformin-associated lactic acidosis."	3.96	The Long-term Effects of Metformin on Patients With Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease. ( An, JN; Kim, CT; Kim, DK; Kim, YC; Kim, YS; Kwon, S; Lee, J; Lee, JP; Lim, CS; Oh, S; Oh, YK; Park, JY; Park, S, 2020)
"In this study, we aim to determine the effect of metformin on osteoarthritis (OA) development and progression."	3.96	Metformin limits osteoarthritis development and progression through activation of AMPK signalling. ( Chen, D; Feng, S; Huang, J; Li, J; Liu, WX; Liu-Bryan, R; Lu, K; Ning, G; Oh, CD; Pan, H; Wang, T; Xiao, G; Xing, C; Yi, D; Zhang, B; Zhao, L, 2020)
"Metformin, an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, has been shown in previous studies to reduce kidney fibrosis in different models of experimental chronic kidney disease (CKD)."	3.96	Metformin arrests the progression of established kidney disease in the subtotal nephrectomy model of chronic kidney disease. ( Borges, CM; de Ávila, VF; Formigari, GP; Fujihara, CK; Lopes de Faria, JB; Malheiros, DMAC, 2020)
"The current results suggest that exenatide is equivalent to metformin in controlling insulin resistance, body weight gain, improving liver function, suppressing inflammation, and attenuating NAFLD progression in male rats."	3.96	Exenatide ameliorates experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver in rats via suppression of toll-like receptor 4/NFκB signaling: Comparison to metformin. ( Ahmed, AAM; Khodeer, DM; Moustafa, YM; Saad, ZA; Zaitone, SA, 2020)
"To assess the relationship between metformin use and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to investigate the effect of metformin dosage on reducing the incidence of DR."	3.96	Metformin Treatment Is Associated with a Decreased Risk of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Cohort Study. ( Fan, YP; Hsiung, CA; Lai, JN; Lin, JL; Liu, HY; Wu, CT; Yang, CC, 2020)
"The use of metformin after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been associated with reduced mortality in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)."	3.91	Metformin use and cardiovascular outcomes after acute myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study. ( Bromage, DI; Denaxas, S; Godec, TR; Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A; Hemingway, H; Pujades-Rodriguez, M; Yellon, DM, 2019)
" In this study, we demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that metformin can induce pyroptosis, a non-apoptotic PCD, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a commonly known chemo-refractory cancer, especially at its advanced stages."	3.91	Metformin induces human esophageal carcinoma cell pyroptosis by targeting the miR-497/PELP1 axis. ( Chen, Y; Jiang, Y; Li, K; Lin, X; Liu, D; Ning, Z; Wang, J; Wang, L; Wang, S; Xiong, X; Xu, X; Yao, Z; Zhang, D; Zhang, H, 2019)
"Previous studies have shown that metformin (MET) prevents experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and that activation of autophagy is involved in the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling."	3.91	Metformin Prevents Progression of Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension via Inhibition of Autophagy and Activation of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase. ( Li, H; Liu, Y; Sun, Z; Xu, Y; Yang, G; Zhang, J; Zhu, J, 2019)
"These data suggest that metformin use may have a beneficial effect on long-term knee joint outcomes in those with knee osteoarthritis and obesity."	3.91	Association between metformin use and disease progression in obese people with knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative-a prospective cohort study. ( Abram, F; Cicuttini, FM; Hussain, SM; Lim, YZ; Martel-Pelletier, J; Pelletier, JP; Wang, Y; Wluka, AE, 2019)
" The antidiabetic agent metformin has shown its ability to inhibit tumor angiogenesis in metastatic breast cancer models."	3.91	Metformin inhibits metastatic breast cancer progression and improves chemosensitivity by inducing vessel normalization via PDGF-B downregulation. ( Feng, J; Han, SX; Jiang, YN; Li, GY; Liu, JL; Liu, PJ; Lu, SY; Shen, YW; Sun, X; Wang, B; Wang, JC; Wang, MD; Zhou, C, 2019)
"The present study aimed to investigate the possible effects of metformin on the progression of atherosclerosis in a rabbit model."	3.88	Metformin ameliorates the progression of atherosclerosis via suppressing macrophage infiltration and inflammatory responses in rabbits. ( Chen, J; Chen, M; Qu, J; Ren, W; Sun, S; Tang, X; Wang, H; Yang, Q; Yu, B; Yuan, H, 2018)
"Here, we used an 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced mammary tumor rat model of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive postmenopausal breast cancer to evaluate the long-term effects of metformin administration on metabolic and tumor endpoints."	3.88	Metformin inhibits stromal aromatase expression and tumor progression in a rodent model of postmenopausal breast cancer. ( Anderson, SM; Edwards, DP; Giles, ED; Jindal, S; MacLean, PS; Schedin, P; Schedin, T; Thor, AD; Wellberg, EA, 2018)
"This is a retrospective cohort study that includes patients diagnosed with metastatic malignant melanoma and treated with ipilimumab, nivolumab, and/or pembrolizumab (Cohort A); or ipilimumab, nivolumab, and/or pembrolizumab plus metformin (Cohort B) between January 1st 2011 through December 15th 2017."	3.88	Efficacy of metformin in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4) in metastatic malignant melanoma. ( Afzal, MZ; Mercado, RR; Shirai, K, 2018)
"Metformin inhibited pancreatic cancer initiation, suppressed chronic pancreatitis-induced tumorigenesis, and showed promising therapeutic effect in PDAC."	3.85	Metformin suppresses cancer initiation and progression in genetic mouse models of pancreatic cancer. ( Cao, J; Chen, K; Cheng, L; Duan, W; Gao, L; Jiang, Z; Lei, M; Li, J; Ma, Q; Qian, W; Sun, L; Yan, B; Zhou, C, 2017)
"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common in obese women with insulin resistant type 2 diabetes for which metformin treatment is getting established in addition to clomiphene."	3.83	A case of lean polycystic ovary syndrome with early stage of type 1 diabetes successfully treated with metformin. ( Hirose, T; Kitamura, M; Kumashiro, N; Rikitake, T; Saegusa, M; Shigiyama, F; Uchino, H; Usui, S, 2016)
"These findings provide for the first time the evidence that metformin can block precancerous lesions progressing to invasive tumors through inhibiting the activation of STAT3 pathway, and may be used for treatment of the non-invasive bladder cancers to prevent them from progression to invasive tumors."	3.81	Metformin can block precancerous progression to invasive tumors of bladder through inhibiting STAT3-mediated signaling pathways. ( Bo, JJ; Gao, JX; Huang, YR; Lin, SL; Liu, MY; Liu, N; Liu, Q; Liu, SS; Pan, Q; Shen, RL; Yang, GL; Yang, JH; Zhang, LH, 2015)
" Interestingly, our findings showed an association of metformin therapy and prolonged progression-free survival in glioblastoma patients with diabetes and therefore serve as a foundation for further preclinical and clinical investigations."	3.81	Metformin influences progression in diabetic glioblastoma patients. ( Adeberg, S; Ben Harrabi, S; Bernhardt, D; Bostel, T; Debus, J; Diehl, C; Koelsche, C; Mohr, A; Rieken, S, 2015)
"The impact of statins, aspirin and metformin use on recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) has not been evaluated."	3.81	Effects of Statin, Aspirin or Metformin Use on Recurrence-Free and Overall Survival in Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer. ( Aneja, P; Horgan, AM; Knox, JJ; Le, LW; McKeever, E; McNamara, MG, 2015)
"OBJECTIVE The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial investigated rates of progression to diabetes among adults with prediabetes randomized to treatment with placebo, metformin, or intensive lifestyle intervention."	3.80	Genetic risk of progression to type 2 diabetes and response to intensive lifestyle or metformin in prediabetic women with and without a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. ( Christophi, CA; Dabelea, D; Dagogo-Jack, S; Florez, JC; Franks, PW; Jablonski, KA; Kim, C; Knowler, WC; Ratner, R; Sullivan, SD, 2014)
"Our primary objective was to determine whether administering the viscous and fermentable polysaccharide PolyGlycopleX (PGX) with metformin (MET) or sitagliptin/metformin (S/MET) reduces hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats more so than monotherapy of each."	3.80	Combining sitagliptin/metformin with a functional fiber delays diabetes progression in Zucker rats. ( Gahler, RJ; Grover, GJ; Koetzner, L; Lyon, MR; Reimer, RA; Wood, S, 2014)
"Over a 20-year period, patients on dapagliflozin were projected to experience relative reductions in the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, CV death, and all-cause death of 13."	3.80	Modeling effects of SGLT-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin treatment versus standard diabetes therapy on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes. ( Alperin, P; Cohen, M; Dziuba, J; Goswami, D; Grossman, HL; Hardy, E; Iloeje, U; Perlstein, I; Racketa, J, 2014)
" Metformin is a first-line drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes that improves peripheral insulin resistance."	3.79	TAK-875, a GPR40/FFAR1 agonist, in combination with metformin prevents progression of diabetes and β-cell dysfunction in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. ( Ito, R; Matsuda-Nagasumi, K; Mori, I; Negoro, N; Takeuchi, K; Tsujihata, Y, 2013)
"To assess the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and metformin use with prognosis and outcomes of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 1117 patients with NMIBC treated at four institutions between 1996 and 2007."	3.79	Association of diabetes mellitus and metformin use with oncological outcomes of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. ( Babjuk, M; Bachmann, A; Chrystal, J; Crivelli, JJ; Faison, T; Fajkovic, H; Karakiewicz, PI; Kautzky-Willer, A; Kluth, L; Lotan, Y; Rieken, M; Scherr, DS; Shariat, SF; Xylinas, E, 2013)
"Metformin attenuated oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and prevented the progression of heart failure in dogs, along with activation of AMPK."	3.75	Metformin prevents progression of heart failure in dogs: role of AMP-activated protein kinase. ( Asakura, M; Asanuma, H; Fujita, M; Ito, S; Kim, J; Kitakaze, M; Komamura, K; Minamino, T; Mochizuki, N; Ogai, A; Sanada, S; Sasaki, H; Sugimachi, M; Takahama, H; Takashima, S; Wakeno, M, 2009)
" We investigated potential lipid-related mechanisms of metformin (Met) and/or exercise for blunting the progression of hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia and skeletal muscle insulin resistance in female Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF), a high-fat (HF) diet-induced model of diabetes."	3.74	Metformin and exercise reduce muscle FAT/CD36 and lipid accumulation and blunt the progression of high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia. ( Bonen, A; Chabowski, A; Dyck, DJ; Junkin, KA; Mullen, KL; Nickerson, J; Smith, AC, 2007)
"To compare the health and economic outcomes of using acarbose, an intensive lifestyle modification programme, metformin or no intervention to prevent progression to diabetes in Canadian individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)."	3.72	Economic evaluation of therapeutic interventions to prevent Type 2 diabetes in Canada. ( Caro, I; Caro, JJ; Getsios, D; Klittich, WS; O'Brien, JA, 2004)
" In the "Diabetes Prevention Program", metformin (2 x 850 mg/day), a biguanide compound, reduces the progression from impaired glucose tolerance towards type 2 diabetes by 31% (p < 0."	3.71	[Info-Meeting. Pharmacologic prevention of the progression from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes: favorable effects of metformin and acarbose]. ( Scheen, AJ, 2001)
"Mean composite kidney disease progression occurred in 135 (10."	3.30	Comparative Effects of Glucose-Lowering Medications on Kidney Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: The GRADE Randomized Clinical Trial. ( Bebu, I; de Boer, IH; Ghosh, A; Inzucchi, SE; Ismail-Beigi, F; McGill, JB; Mudaliar, S; Schade, D; Steffes, MW; Tamborlane, WV; Tan, MH; Wexler, DJ; Younes, N, 2023)
"Metformin was added to abiraterone continuously at 1000 mg twice daily in uninterrupted 4-week cycles."	2.90	Impact of Addition of Metformin to Abiraterone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients With Disease Progressing While Receiving Abiraterone Treatment (MetAb-Pro): Phase 2 Pilot Study. ( Cathomas, R; Gillessen, S; Klingbiel, D; Manetsch, G; Mark, M; Mey, U; Pollak, M; Rothermundt, C; Strebel, R; von Moos, R; Winterhalder, R, 2019)
"Since ADPKD is a complex disease with a high degree of interindividual heterogeneity, and the mechanisms involved in cyst growth also have important functions in various physiological processes, it may prove difficult to develop drugs that target cyst growth without causing major adverse events."	2.82	Drugs in Clinical Development to Treat Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. ( Bais, T; Gansevoort, RT; Meijer, E, 2022)
"Metformin is a well-established anti-hyperglycaemic agent in diabetes mellitus, possibly augmented with anti-inflammatory effects, but its effects in COPD are unknown."	2.82	Metformin in severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. ( Baker, EH; Hitchings, AW; Jones, PW; Lai, D, 2016)
"Treatment with metformin is safe in nondiabetic patients, and it yields objective PSA responses and may induce disease stabilization."	2.79	Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). ( Bärtschi, D; Cathomas, R; Endt, K; Gillessen, S; Hayoz, S; Lui, L; Pollak, M; Rothermundt, C; Rüschoff, JH; Schiess, R; Strebel, RT; Templeton, AJ; Winterhalder, R, 2014)
"Patients with treatment-naive type 2 diabetes (N = 16) were treated with insulin and metformin for a 3-month lead-in period, then assigned triple oral therapy (metformin, glyburide, and pioglitazone) or continued treatment with insulin and metformin."	2.77	Effect of insulin versus triple oral therapy on the progression of hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetes. ( Duong, J; Leonard, D; Lingvay, I; Roe, ED; Szczepaniak, LS, 2012)
"However, the rate of progression to SPIDDM with the use of insulin-sensitizing agents is unknown."	2.76	Pioglitazone may accelerate disease course of slowly progressive type 1 diabetes. ( Katsuki, T; Oikawa, Y; Okubo, Y; Shigihara, T; Shimada, A; Yamada, Y, 2011)
"Lysine carriers were less protected by 1-year metformin treatment than E/E homozygotes (P < 0."	2.73	Type 2 diabetes-associated missense polymorphisms KCNJ11 E23K and ABCC8 A1369S influence progression to diabetes and response to interventions in the Diabetes Prevention Program. ( Altshuler, D; Dabelea, D; Florez, JC; Franks, PW; Hamman, RF; Jablonski, KA; Kahn, SE; Knowler, WC; Nathan, DM, 2007)
"However, most patients with NAFLD/NASH will die from a vascular cause."	2.72	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis: State of the art on effective therapeutics based on the gold standard method for diagnosis. ( Atkin, SL; De Vincentis, A; Jamialahmadi, T; Mahjoubin-Tehran, M; Mantzoros, CS; Mikhailidis, DP; Sahebkar, A, 2021)
"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly linked to the global epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)."	2.72	Metformin Actions on the Liver: Protection Mechanisms Emerging in Hepatocytes and Immune Cells against NASH-Related HCC. ( Wang, H; Xiao, H; Zhang, Y, 2021)
"The primary outcome measure was type 2 diabetes as diagnosed using World Health Organization criteria."	2.72	The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). ( Bhaskar, AD; Mary, S; Mukesh, B; Ramachandran, A; Snehalatha, C; Vijay, V, 2006)
"In metformin-treated girls, all these abnormalities significantly reversed within 6 months, and body composition continued to improve between 6 and 12 months."	2.71	Insulin sensitization early after menarche prevents progression from precocious pubarche to polycystic ovary syndrome. ( Amin, R; de Zegher, F; Dunger, D; Ferrer, A; Ibáñez, L; Ong, K, 2004)
"Breast cancer is the most ubiquitous type of neoplasms among women worldwide."	2.66	Therapeutic aspects of AMPK in breast cancer: Progress, challenges, and future directions. ( Manoharan, R; Natarajan, SR; Ponnusamy, L; Thangaraj, K, 2020)
"Metformin is a glucose-lowering agent that is used as a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D)."	2.66	Significance of Metformin Use in Diabetic Kidney Disease. ( Kawanami, D; Takashi, Y; Tanabe, M, 2020)
"A key feature in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which appears in the prediabetic phase, is a significant deficiency, compared to healthy controls, in highly flexible poly-cis-unsaturated fatty acyl chains in membrane phospholipids."	2.66	The Metformin Paradox. ( Bekedam, DJ; Weijers, RNM, 2020)
"Women with a history of gestational diabetes are at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus."	2.55	Preventing progression from gestational diabetes mellitus to diabetes: A thought-filled review. ( Grajower, MM; Kasher-Meron, M, 2017)
"Although current therapies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) improve the quality of life, they do not satisfactorily reduce disease progression or mortality."	2.55	Geroprotectors as a therapeutic strategy for COPD - where are we now? ( Białas, AJ; Górski, P; Makowska, J; Miłkowska-Dymanowska, J; Piotrowski, WJ; Wardzynska, A, 2017)
"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and comprises a liver disease spectrum ranging from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with risk of progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)."	2.52	Challenges and Management of Liver Cirrhosis: Practical Issues in the Therapy of Patients with Cirrhosis due to NAFLD and NASH. ( Halilbasic, E; Hofer, H; Kazemi-Shirazi, L; Kienbacher, C; Munda, P; Rechling, C; Trauner, M; Traussnigg, S, 2015)
"As the incidence of obesity is increasing worldwide, there is an urgent need for adequate preclinical models and preclinical and clinical studies designed to investigate how to inhibit the tumor-promoting activity of the adipose tissue."	2.52	Mechanisms of obesity in the development of breast cancer. ( Bertolini, F; Orecchioni, S; Reggiani, F; Talarico, G, 2015)
"Metformin was effective in reducing enzyme levels in the short period, but very limited and controversial information are available on liver histology."	2.50	Metformin in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: safety, efficacy and mechanism. ( Abenavoli, L; Milic, N; Rouabhia, S, 2014)
"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs, which progresses very slowly and the majority of patients are therefore elderly."	2.50	STOP accelerating lung aging for the treatment of COPD. ( Ito, K; Mercado, N, 2014)
"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder worldwide."	2.49	Nonalcoholic Fatty liver: a possible new target for type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment. ( Belfiore, A; Fruci, B; Giuliano, S; Malaguarnera, R; Mazza, A, 2013)
"Cancer cells in solid tumors are generally subjected to such harsh conditions; however, they manage to efficiently survive and proliferate."	2.49	The multifaceted activities of AMPK in tumor progression--why the "one size fits all" definition does not fit at all? ( Bonini, MG; Gantner, BN, 2013)
"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes in the absence of excessive alcohol intake, ranging in severity from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)."	2.49	Pharmacologic therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults. ( Bell, AM; Byrd, JS; Malinowski, SS; Riche, DM; Wofford, MR, 2013)
" Insulin analogs confer less risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain, and greater dosing flexibility compared with conventional insulins."	2.48	Insulin initiation in type 2 diabetes: what are the treatment regimen options and how can we best help patients feel empowered? ( Spollett, GR, 2012)
"Preclinical data suggest that current breast cancer treatment strategies lead to CSC enrichment, contributing to chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance, although a strong correlation with clinical parameters and prognosis is yet to be established."	2.48	The role of cancer stem cells in breast cancer initiation and progression: potential cancer stem cell-directed therapies. ( Economopoulou, P; Kaklamani, VG; Siziopikou, K, 2012)
"The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is on the rise in Australia."	2.48	Early and tight glycaemic control - the key to managing type 2 diabetes. ( Barlow, J; Deed, G; Kuo, I, 2012)
"Metformin monotherapy is a safe and effective option."	2.47	Add-on therapies to metformin for type 2 diabetes. ( Shomali, M, 2011)
"Obesity is known to be the most common cause of simple steatosis in the preadolescent and adolescent population with a consequent serious health risk."	2.47	[Fatty liver and its clinical management in obese adolescents]. ( Álvarez Ferre, J; González Jiménez, E; Schmidt Río-Valle, J, 2011)
"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly recognized cause of liver disease worldwide."	2.47	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the hidden epidemic. ( Ismail, MH, 2011)
"The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have reached epidemic proportions in the United States."	2.47	Type 2 diabetes mellitus: practical approaches for primary care physicians. ( Freeman, JS; Gavin, JR; Lavernia, F; Shubrook, JH, 2011)
"Early stages of fatty liver are clinically silent and include elevation of ALT and GGTP, hyperechogenic liver in USG and/or hepatomegaly."	2.44	[Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease--new view]. ( Lawniczak, M; Marlicz, W; Miezyńska-Kurtycz, J; Milkiewicz, P; Raszeja-Wyszomirska, J, 2008)
"The progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes occurs over many years, strong evidence to support intervention to delay the progression from prediabetes to diabetes."	2.44	Approach to the patient with prediabetes. ( Aroda, VR; Ratner, R, 2008)
"Vildagliptin is a potent and selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-4), orally active, that improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) primarily by enhancing pancreatic (alpha and beta) islet function."	2.44	Combination treatment in the management of type 2 diabetes: focus on vildagliptin and metformin as a single tablet. ( Dejager, S; Foley, J; Halimi, S; Minic, B; Schweizer, A, 2008)
"Polycystic ovary syndrome is estimated to affect 5-10% of premenopausal women."	2.44	Polycystic ovary syndrome update in adolescence. ( Gordon, CM; Hassan, A, 2007)
"The recommended first step for treatment of metabolic syndrome is lifestyle modifications such as weight loss, aerobic exercise, smoking cessation, and improved diet which independently improve insulin resistance and slow progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus."	2.44	Metabolic syndrome: are we at risk? ( Paudel, B, 2007)
"Overt type 2 diabetes is usually preceded by a condition known as prediabetes, which is characterized by impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)."	2.44	Identification and treatment of prediabetes to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes. ( Fonseca, VA, 2007)
"Prediabetes is important to recognise because of at least 2 major implications: increased risk for future diabetes and for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases."	2.43	Drug therapy in prediabetes. ( Chowdhury, S; Mukhopadhyay, P, 2005)
"Insulin resistance is now considered to be major pathogenesis for diabetic macroangiopathy."	2.43	[Prevention and treatment for development and progression of diabetic macroangiopathy with pioglitazone and metformin]. ( Daita, H; Mokuno, H; Tamura, H, 2006)
"the Pima Indians."	2.41	Children with type 2 diabetes: the risks of complications. ( Matthews, DR; Wallace, TM, 2002)
"Metformin has been associated with improved survival outcomes in patients undergoing conventional chemotherapy."	1.91	Effect of metformin on outcomes of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective cohort study. ( Chang, YC; Chen, CY; Chen, YJ; Chiang, CH; Horng, CS; Hsia, YP; Peng, CM; Peng, CY; See, XY; Wang, SS, 2023)
"No evidence exists as to whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) impairs clinical outcome from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with solid tumors."	1.91	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Efficacy Outcomes from Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Cancer. ( Ascierto, PA; Bersanelli, M; Bordi, P; Botticelli, A; Bracarda, S; Brunetti, L; Buti, S; Cannita, K; Chiari, R; Cleary, S; Cortellini, A; D'Alessio, A; De Tursi, M; Di Marino, P; Falconi, M; Ferrari, M; Ficorella, C; Filetti, M; Gelibter, A; Gennari, A; Ghidini, M; Giorgi, FC; Giusti, R; Grossi, F; Inno, A; Lo Bianco, F; Macrini, S; Mallardo, D; Marchetti, P; Marconcini, R; Morganstein, DL; Nibid, L; Nicolardi, L; Nigro, O; Pantano, F; Pergolesi, F; Perrone, G; Pinato, DJ; Queirolo, P; Rastelli, F; Russano, M; Russo, A; Sabarese, G; Santini, D; Sergi, MC; Siringo, M; Spagnolo, F; Spoto, C; Stucci, LS; Tanda, ET; Tonini, G; Tucci, M; Veltri, E; Vincenzi, B; Vitale, MG; Zarzana, MA; Zoratto, F, 2023)
"Metformin has begun to be discussed as a potentially useful agent on the basis of the results of epidemiological and preclinical research showing that it may be beneficial in patients with leukaemia, lymphomas and multiple myeloma."	1.72	Reduced Progression of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance to Multiple Myeloma in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Will Metformin Never Stop Its Pleasant Surprises? ( Papachristou, S; Papanas, N; Popovic, DS, 2022)
"The anti-diabetic nephropathy properties were systematically analyzed in the diabetic db/db mice treated with Met, BBR or with combination of Met and BBR."	1.62	Berberine Improves the Protective Effects of Metformin on Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice through Trib1-dependent Inhibiting Inflammation. ( Sun, G; Sun, X; Zhang, B; Zhang, C; Zhang, X, 2021)
"KRas is frequently mutated in pancreatic cancers."	1.62	GSK-3β Can Regulate the Sensitivity of MIA-PaCa-2 Pancreatic and MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapeutic Drugs, Targeted Therapeutics and Nutraceuticals. ( Abrams, SL; Akula, SM; Candido, S; Cervello, M; Cocco, L; Duda, P; Falzone, L; Gizak, A; Libra, M; Martelli, AM; McCubrey, JA; Meher, AK; Montalto, G; Rakus, D; Ratti, S; Ruvolo, P; Steelman, LS, 2021)
"Metastatic breast cancer remains a serious health concern and numerous investigations recommended medicinal plants as a complementary therapy."	1.62	Crocin and Metformin suppress metastatic breast cancer progression via VEGF and MMP9 downregulations: in vitro and in vivo studies. ( Abedini, MR; Arzi, L; Chamani, E; Farahi, A; Farhoudi, R; Hoshyar, R; Javdani, H; Talebloo, N, 2021)
"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease and is closely linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia."	1.62	Metformin in Combination with Malvidin Prevents Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Improving Lipid and Glucose Metabolisms, and Inhibiting Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Rats. ( Gu, X; Li, X; Zhang, C; Zhu, H; Zou, W, 2021)
"Metformin is a 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist that has a protective effect on vasculature."	1.56	Metformin inhibits intracranial aneurysm formation and progression by regulating vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switching via the AMPK/ACC pathway. ( Fan, Z; Li, S; Liu, P; Liu, Y; Quan, K; Shi, Y; Song, Y; Ying, L; Yu, G; Zhu, W, 2020)
"<6."	1.56	Metformin Should Not Be Used to Treat Prediabetes. ( Davidson, MB, 2020)
"Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severely impacts the quality of life and causes high mortality and morbidity."	1.56	Use of antidiabetic medications and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation requiring hospitalization: a disease risk score-matched nested case-control study. ( Huang, YL; Kuo, FC; Lai, JH; Tsai, CL; Tu, MY; Wang, MT; Wang, YH, 2020)
"The interaction between gastric cancer cells and their microenvironment has a significant role in their maintenance and progression."	1.51	Metformin suppresses gastric cancer progression through calmodulin‑like protein 3 secreted from tumor‑associated fibroblasts. ( An, F; Cao, J; Chen, G; Liu, S; Tang, Z; Wu, Q; Yu, C; Zhan, Q; Zhang, S; Zhu, J, 2019)
"Treatment with metformin altered macrophage polarization, reduced liver size and reduced micronuclei formation in NAFLD/NASH-associated HCC larvae."	1.51	Metformin modulates innate immune-mediated inflammation and early progression of NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in zebrafish. ( de Oliveira, S; Golenberg, N; Graves, AL; Houseright, RA; Huttenlocher, A; Korte, BG; Miskolci, V, 2019)
"To examine the incidence of type 2 diabetes in people with newly diagnosed prediabetes and the factors that protect against this progression."	1.51	What protects against pre-diabetes progressing to diabetes? Observational study of integrated health and social data. ( Blakely, T; Jansen, R; Krebs, J; Masters-Awatere, B; Oetzel, J; Scott, N; Teng, A, 2019)
"Metformin treatment was not associated with changes of any of Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Diseases Assessment component scores or activities of daily living index."	1.51	Taking metformin and cognitive function change in older patients with diabetes. ( Kim, LK; Koo, BK; Lee, JY; Moon, MK, 2019)
"Metformin, a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has recently been recognized for its pleotropic anti-proliferative, anti-cancer, and anti-aging effects."	1.51	The preventive effect of metformin on progression of benign prostate hyperplasia: A nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea. ( Hong, Y; Lee, S; Won, S, 2019)
"Metformin has beneficial effects of preventing and treating cancers on type 2 diabetic patients."	1.48	Metformin suppresses melanoma progression by inhibiting KAT5-mediated SMAD3 acetylation, transcriptional activity and TRIB3 expression. ( Cui, B; Hu, ZW; Hua, F; Huang, B; Li, K; Li, X; Lv, XX; Wang, F; Yang, ZN; Yu, JJ; Zhang, TT; Zhang, XW; Zhao, CX, 2018)
"Ovarian cancer is a devastating disease due to its high incidence of relapse and chemoresistance."	1.48	Metformin Suppresses Tumor Progression by Inactivating Stromal Fibroblasts in Ovarian Cancer. ( Chen, G; Gao, Q; Jin, P; Li, X; Long, S; Ma, D; Sun, C; Wang, Y; Wei, X; Xu, S; Yang, X; Yang, Z; Zhang, T, 2018)
"Metformin is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM)."	1.46	Metformin Prevents the Progression of Dysplastic Mucosa of the Head and Neck to Carcinoma in Nondiabetic Patients. ( Blitzer, A; Lerner, MZ; Mor, N; Paek, H; Strome, M, 2017)
"BE subjects developing esophageal cancer (EC) 12 months after their index BE diagnosis were defined as progressors."	1.43	Rates and predictors of progression to esophageal carcinoma in a large population-based Barrett's esophagus cohort. ( Borah, B; Chak, A; Das, A; Heien, H; Iyer, PG; Krishnamoorthi, R, 2016)
"In addition, we observed that bladder cancer cell lines (RT4, UMUC-3, and J82) with homozygous deletion of either TSC1 or PTEN are more sensitive to metformin than those (TEU2, TCCSUP, and HT1376) with wild-type TSC1 and PTEN genes."	1.43	High Sensitivity of an Ha-RAS Transgenic Model of Superficial Bladder Cancer to Metformin Is Associated with ∼240-Fold Higher Drug Concentration in Urine than Serum. ( Avizonis, D; Blair, CA; Li, X; Liu, Z; McClelland, M; Pollak, M; Uchio, E; Wu, XR; Yokoyama, NN; Youssef, R; Zi, X, 2016)
"Inflamed atherosclerotic plaques can be visualized by noninvasive positron emission and computed tomographic imaging with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose, a glucose analog, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood."	1.43	Disruption of Glut1 in Hematopoietic Stem Cells Prevents Myelopoiesis and Enhanced Glucose Flux in Atheromatous Plaques of ApoE(-/-) Mice. ( De Vivo, DC; Gautier, EL; Giorgetti-Peraldi, S; Guinamard, R; Ivanov, S; Sarrazy, V; Thorp, EB; Viaud, M; Westerterp, M; Yvan-Charvet, L, 2016)
"Metformin also can arrest bladder cancer cells in G1/S phases, which subsequently leads to apoptosis."	1.43	Metformin represses bladder cancer progression by inhibiting stem cell repopulation via COX2/PGE2/STAT3 axis. ( Huang, Z; Jiang, J; Lan, W; Liu, G; Liu, Q; Tong, D; Xiao, H; Yang, J; Yuan, W; Zhang, D; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y, 2016)
"Patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) had similar demographic and anthropometric features, but a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D; p = 0."	1.43	Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes and Fibrosis Progression: An Observational Study in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. ( Borroni, V; Bugianesi, E; Craxi, A; Dongiovanni, P; Fargion, S; Fracanzani, AL; Pelusi, S; Petta, S; Rosso, C; Valenti, L, 2016)
"Inhibition of prostate cancer progression in HiMyc mice by RAPA was associated with a significant reduction in mTORC1 signaling that was further potentiated by the combination of MET and RAPA."	1.42	Effect of Metformin, Rapamycin, and Their Combination on Growth and Progression of Prostate Tumors in HiMyc Mice. ( Blando, J; DiGiovanni, J; Saha, A; Tremmel, L, 2015)
"The Cardiff Model was used to simulate disease progression and estimate the long-term effect of treatments on patients."	1.42	Cost-effectiveness of saxagliptin vs glimepiride as a second-line therapy added to metformin in Type 2 diabetes in China. ( Deng, J; Dong, H; Gu, S; Mu, Y; Shi, L, 2015)
"Melanoma is a largely incurable skin malignancy owing to the underlying molecular and metabolic heterogeneity confounded by the development of resistance."	1.42	Targeting metabolic flexibility by simultaneously inhibiting respiratory complex I and lactate generation retards melanoma progression. ( Bhat, MK; Chaube, B; Malvi, P; Meena, AS; Mohammad, N; Singh, SV, 2015)
"A model that incorporates HbA1c and diabetes complications can serve as a useful clinical decision tool for selection of treatment options."	1.40	Second-line agents for glycemic control for type 2 diabetes: are newer agents better? ( Denton, BT; Mason, JE; McCoy, RG; Shah, ND; Smith, SA; Zhang, Y, 2014)
"Metformin has become the most commonly used initial medication for the treatment of diabetes."	1.39	Trends in selection and timing of first-line pharmacotherapy in older patients with type 2 diabetes diagnosed between 1994 and 2006. ( Foster, PD; Gomes, T; Juurlink, DN; Mamdani, MM; Paterson, JM; Shah, BR, 2013)
"Metformin was independently associated with lower prevalence of cardiovascular disease for any age quartile and eGFR category than all other treatments."	1.39	Age, renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, and antihyperglycemic treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: findings from the Renal Insufficiency and Cardiovascular Events Italian Multicenter Study. ( Bonora, E; Cavalot, F; Cignarelli, M; Ferrannini, E; Fondelli, C; Morano, S; Orsi, E; Penno, G; Pugliese, G; Solini, A; Trevisan, R; Vedovato, M, 2013)
"Metformin has recently drawn attention because of its potential antitumor effect."	1.39	Metformin prevents liver tumorigenesis induced by high-fat diet in C57Bl/6 mice. ( Aoki, K; Atsumi, T; Inoue, H; Ito, Y; Kaji, M; Nagashima, Y; Nakamura, A; Orime, K; Sakamoto, E; Sato, K; Shirakawa, J; Tajima, K; Terauchi, Y; Togashi, Y, 2013)
"Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of future development of type 2 diabetes."	1.39	Prediction of type 2 diabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes using a genetic risk score. ( Cho, NH; Cho, YM; Choi, SH; Jang, HC; Jung, HS; Kim, K; Kim, SY; Kwak, SH; Lim, S; Park, KS, 2013)
"At SPIDDM diagnosis, he was in a non-insulin-dependent state, with a fasting serum C-peptide immunoreactivity level of 2."	1.39	Slowly progressive type 1 diabetes treated with metformin for five years after onset. ( Hirata, T; Maruyama, T; Morimoto, J; Shimada, A, 2013)
"Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a major public health concern."	1.38	Metformin prevents the development of oral squamous cell carcinomas from carcinogen-induced premalignant lesions. ( Chen, W; Gutkind, JS; Martin, D; Maruyama, T; Molinolo, AA; Patel, V; Schneider, A; Vitale-Cross, L; Younis, RH, 2012)
"A panel of 15 HNSCC cell lines was assayed for glucose and glutamine dependence and sensitivity to metabolic inhibitors."	1.37	Glucose, not glutamine, is the dominant energy source required for proliferation and survival of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. ( Davis-Malesevich, M; Fokt, I; Frederick, MJ; Myers, JN; Ow, TJ; Pickering, CR; Priebe, W; Sandulache, VC; Zhou, G, 2011)
"Metformin is an anti-type II diabetes drug that has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, can bring about mitochondrial biogenesis and has been shown to attenuate pathology in mouse models of Huntington's disease and multiple sclerosis."	1.37	Metformin treatment has no beneficial effect in a dose-response survival study in the SOD1(G93A) mouse model of ALS and is harmful in female mice. ( Kaneb, HM; Rahmani-Kondori, N; Sharp, PS; Wells, DJ, 2011)
"Patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus generally initiate therapy with either metformin [Met] or a sulfonylurea [SU] drug, followed by the addition of a second agent (Met, an SU drug, or a thiazolidinedione [TZD] drug) if the diabetes is not well controlled."	1.37	Progression to insulin for patients with diabetes mellitus using the Texas Medicaid database. ( Cheng, LI; Lopez, D; Rascati, KL; Richards, KM; Wilson, JP, 2011)
"Overt type 2 diabetes is usually preceded by a condition known as prediabetes, which is characterized by impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)."	1.35	Identification and treatment of prediabetes to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes. ( Fonseca, VA, 2008)
"Metformin use was associated with lower risk of cancer of the colon or pancreas, but did not affect the risk of breast or prostate cancer."	1.35	The influence of glucose-lowering therapies on cancer risk in type 2 diabetes. ( Currie, CJ; Gale, EA; Poole, CD, 2009)
"Effective long-term treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) implies modification of the disease processes that cause this progressive disorder."	1.33	A mechanism-based disease progression model for comparison of long-term effects of pioglitazone, metformin and gliclazide on disease processes underlying Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. ( Danhof, M; de Winter, W; DeJongh, J; Eckland, D; Moules, I; Ploeger, B; Post, T; Urquhart, R, 2006)
"Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the consequence of both insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion."	1.32	Optimal glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus: fasting and postprandial glucose in context. ( Abrahamson, MJ, 2004)
"Impaired glucose tolerance is defined as two-hour glucose levels of 140 to 199 mg per dL (7."	1.32	Impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose. ( Disraeli, P; McGregor, T; Rao, SS, 2004)

Research

Studies (224)

Authors

Clinical Trials (29)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Kidney Function

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	2 (0.89)	18.2507
2000's	44 (19.64)	29.6817
2010's	137 (61.16)	24.3611
2020's	41 (18.30)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Cobb, LP	1
Siamakpour-Reihani, S	1
Zhang, D	5
Qin, X	1
Owzar, K	1
Zhou, C	3
Conrads, TP	1
Maxwell, GL	1
Darcy, KM	1
Bateman, NW	1
Litzi, T	1
Bae-Jump, V	1
Secord, AA	1
Azemi, AK	1
Mokhtar, SS	1
Sharif, SET	1
Rasool, AHG	1
Zhang, B	2
Zhang, X	7
Zhang, C	2
Sun, G	1
Sun, X	3
Abdelhamid, AM	1
Saber, S	1
Youssef, ME	1
Gaafar, AGA	1
Eissa, H	1
Abd-Eldayem, MA	1
Alqarni, M	1
Batiha, GE	1
Obaidullah, AJ	1
Shahien, MA	1
El-Ahwany, E	1
Amin, NA	1
Etman, MA	1
Kaddah, MMY	1
Abd El-Fattah, EE	1
Tabatabaei Malazy, O	1
Bandarian, F	1
Qorbani, M	1
Mohseni, S	1
Mirsadeghi, S	1
Peimani, M	1
Larijani, B	1
Papachristou, S	1
Popovic, DS	1
Papanas, N	1
Bais, T	1
Gansevoort, RT	1
Meijer, E	1
Ofori, E	1
Gyan, KF	1
Gyabaah, S	1
Nguah, SB	1
Sarfo, FS	1
Chiang, CH	3
Chen, YJ	1
Chen, CY	1
Chang, YC	1
Wang, SS	1
See, XY	1
Horng, CS	1
Peng, CY	1
Hsia, YP	1
Peng, CM	1
Cortellini, A	1
D'Alessio, A	1
Cleary, S	1
Buti, S	1
Bersanelli, M	1
Bordi, P	1
Tonini, G	1
Vincenzi, B	1
Tucci, M	1
Russo, A	1
Pantano, F	1
Russano, M	1
Stucci, LS	1
Sergi, MC	1
Falconi, M	1
Zarzana, MA	1
Santini, D	1
Spagnolo, F	1
Tanda, ET	1
Rastelli, F	1
Giorgi, FC	1
Pergolesi, F	1
Giusti, R	1
Filetti, M	1
Lo Bianco, F	1
Marchetti, P	2
Botticelli, A	1
Gelibter, A	1
Siringo, M	1
Ferrari, M	1
Marconcini, R	1
Vitale, MG	2
Nicolardi, L	1
Chiari, R	1
Ghidini, M	1
Nigro, O	1
Grossi, F	1
De Tursi, M	1
Di Marino, P	1
Queirolo, P	1
Bracarda, S	1
Macrini, S	1
Inno, A	1
Zoratto, F	1
Veltri, E	1
Spoto, C	1
Cannita, K	1
Gennari, A	1
Morganstein, DL	1
Mallardo, D	1
Nibid, L	1
Sabarese, G	1
Brunetti, L	1
Perrone, G	1
Ascierto, PA	1
Ficorella, C	1
Pinato, DJ	1
Wexler, DJ	1
de Boer, IH	1
Ghosh, A	1
Younes, N	1
Bebu, I	1
Inzucchi, SE	1
McGill, JB	1
Mudaliar, S	1
Schade, D	1
Steffes, MW	1
Tamborlane, WV	1
Tan, MH	1
Ismail-Beigi, F	1
Wu, TD	1
Keet, CA	1
Fawzy, A	1
Segal, JB	1
Brigham, EP	1
McCormack, MC	1
Chen, X	3
Chen, H	2
Zhang, Z	1
Fu, Y	2
Han, X	1
Zhang, Y	8
Xu, J	1
Ding, H	1
Cui, H	1
Dong, T	1
Shang, H	1
Jiang, Y	3
Liu, S	2
Liu, JJ	2
Gurung, RL	1
Chan, C	1
Yeo, D	1
Ang, K	1
Tang, WE	1
Tavintharan, S	1
Sum, CF	1
Lim, SC	1
Shi, H	1
Sun, Y	2
He, M	1
Yang, X	5
Hamada, M	1
Fukunaga, T	1
Chang, C	1
De Gaetano, A	1
Hardy, TA	1
Campbell, SA	1
Light, PE	1
Simpson, SH	1
Gosmanova, EO	1
Shahzad, SR	1
Sumida, K	1
Kovesdy, CP	1
Gosmanov, AR	1
Bromage, DI	1
Godec, TR	1
Pujades-Rodriguez, M	1
Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A	1
Denaxas, S	1
Hemingway, H	1
Yellon, DM	1
Deng, M	1
Lei, S	1
Huang, D	1
Wang, H	5
Xia, S	1
Xu, E	1
Wu, Y	3
Zhang, H	3
Kwon, S	1
Kim, YC	1
Park, JY	1
Lee, J	1
An, JN	1
Kim, CT	1
Oh, S	1
Park, S	2
Kim, DK	1
Oh, YK	1
Kim, YS	1
Lim, CS	1
Lee, JP	1
Li, J	10
Liu, WX	1
Lu, K	2
Pan, H	1
Wang, T	2
Oh, CD	1
Yi, D	1
Huang, J	2
Zhao, L	1
Ning, G	1
Xing, C	1
Xiao, G	1
Liu-Bryan, R	1
Feng, S	1
Chen, D	2
Dalman, RL	3
Wanhainen, A	2
Mani, K	2
Modarai, B	1
El Shorbagy, S	1
abuTaleb, F	1
Labib, HA	1
Ebian, H	1
Harb, OA	1
Mohammed, MS	1
Rashied, HA	1
Elbana, KA	1
Haggag, R	1
Borges, CM	1
Fujihara, CK	1
Malheiros, DMAC	1
de Ávila, VF	1
Formigari, GP	1
Lopes de Faria, JB	1
Packer, M	1
Saad, ZA	1
Khodeer, DM	1
Zaitone, SA	1
Ahmed, AAM	1
Moustafa, YM	1
Fan, YP	1
Wu, CT	2
Lin, JL	1
Hsiung, CA	1
Liu, HY	1
Lai, JN	1
Yang, CC	1
Ponnusamy, L	1
Natarajan, SR	1
Thangaraj, K	1
Manoharan, R	1
Kawanami, D	1
Takashi, Y	1
Tanabe, M	1
Li, S	2
Shi, Y	2
Liu, P	1
Song, Y	2
Liu, Y	6
Ying, L	1
Quan, K	1
Yu, G	1
Fan, Z	1
Zhu, W	1
Mahjoubin-Tehran, M	1
De Vincentis, A	1
Mikhailidis, DP	1
Atkin, SL	1
Mantzoros, CS	1
Jamialahmadi, T	1
Sahebkar, A	2
Wang, Z	3
Ong, WYF	1
Shen, T	1
Sng, JH	1
Lata, RM	1
Mahendran, R	1
Kesavan, E	1
Chiong, E	1
Wen, L	2
Zhong, W	1
Chai, Y	1
Zhong, Q	1
Gao, J	1
Guan, L	1
Huaiquan, L	1
Haiyang, Y	1
Qingxue, W	1
Changfu, Y	1
Yunzhi, C	1
Nguépy Keubo, FR	1
Mboua, PC	1
Djifack Tadongfack, T	1
Fokouong Tchoffo, E	1
Tasson Tatang, C	1
Ide Zeuna, J	1
Noupoue, EM	1
Tsoplifack, CB	1
Folefack, GO	1
Kettani, M	1
Bandelier, P	1
Huo, J	1
Li, H	5
Yu, D	2
Arulsamy, N	1
AlAbbad, S	1
Sardot, T	1
Lekashvili, O	1
Decato, D	1
Lelj, F	1
Alexander Ross, JB	1
Rosenberg, E	1
Nazir, H	1
Muthuswamy, N	1
Louis, C	1
Jose, S	1
Prakash, J	1
Buan, MEM	1
Flox, C	1
Chavan, S	1
Shi, X	1
Kauranen, P	1
Kallio, T	1
Maia, G	1
Tammeveski, K	1
Lymperopoulos, N	1
Carcadea, E	1
Veziroglu, E	1
Iranzo, A	1
M Kannan, A	1
Arunamata, A	1
Tacy, TA	1
Kache, S	1
Mainwaring, RD	1
Ma, M	1
Maeda, K	1
Punn, R	1
Noguchi, S	1
Hahn, S	3
Iwasa, Y	3
Ling, J	2
Voccio, JP	2
Kim, Y	3
Song, J	3
Bascuñán, J	2
Chu, Y	1
Tomita, M	1
Cazorla, M	1
Herrera, E	1
Palomeque, E	1
Saud, N	1
Hoplock, LB	1
Lobchuk, MM	1
Lemoine, J	1
Li, X	16
Henson, MA	1
Unsihuay, D	1
Qiu, J	2
Swaroop, S	1
Nagornov, KO	1
Kozhinov, AN	1
Tsybin, YO	1
Kuang, S	2
Laskin, J	1
Zin, NNINM	1
Mohamad, MN	1
Roslan, K	1
Abdul Wafi, S	1
Abdul Moin, NI	1
Alias, A	1
Zakaria, Y	1
Abu-Bakar, N	1
Naveed, A	1
Jilani, K	1
Siddique, AB	1
Akbar, M	1
Riaz, M	1
Mushtaq, Z	1
Sikandar, M	1
Ilyas, S	1
Bibi, I	1
Asghar, A	1
Rasool, G	1
Irfan, M	1
Li, XY	1
Zhao, S	1
Fan, XH	1
Chen, KP	1
Hua, W	1
Liu, ZM	1
Xue, XD	1
Zhou, B	1
Zhang, S	3
Xing, YL	1
Chen, MA	1
Neradilek, MB	1
Wu, XT	1
Huang, W	1
Cui, Y	2
Yang, QQ	1
Li, HW	1
Zhao, XQ	1
Hossein Rashidi, B	1
Tarafdari, A	1
Ghazimirsaeed, ST	1
Shahrokh Tehraninezhad, E	1
Keikha, F	1
Eslami, B	1
Ghazimirsaeed, SM	1
Jafarabadi, M	1
Silvani, Y	1
Lovita, AND	1
Maharani, A	1
Wiyasa, IWA	1
Sujuti, H	1
Ratnawati, R	1
Raras, TYM	1
Lemin, AS	1
Rahman, MM	1
Pangarah, CA	1
Kiyu, A	1
Zeng, C	2
Du, H	1
Lin, D	1
Jalan, D	1
Rubagumya, F	1
Hopman, WM	1
Vanderpuye, V	1
Lopes, G	1
Seruga, B	1
Booth, CM	1
Berry, S	1
Hammad, N	1
Sajo, EA	1
Okunade, KS	1
Olorunfemi, G	1
Rabiu, KA	1
Anorlu, RI	1
Xu, C	2
Xiang, Y	1
Xu, X	3
Zhou, L	2
Dong, X	1
Tang, S	1
Gao, XC	1
Wei, CH	1
Zhang, RG	1
Cai, Q	1
He, Y	1
Tong, F	1
Dong, JH	1
Wu, G	1
Dong, XR	1
Tang, X	2
Tao, F	1
Xiang, W	1
Zhao, Y	2
Jin, L	1
Tao, H	1
Lei, Y	1
Gan, H	1
Huang, Y	1
Chen, Y	5
Chen, L	3
Shan, A	1
Zhao, H	2
Wu, M	2
Ma, Q	3
Wang, J	6
Zhang, E	1
Zhang, J	5
Li, Y	5
Xue, F	1
Deng, L	1
Liu, L	2
Yan, Z	2
Wang, Y	5
Meng, J	1
Chen, G	4
Anastassiadou, M	1
Bernasconi, G	1
Brancato, A	1
Carrasco Cabrera, L	1
Greco, L	1
Jarrah, S	1
Kazocina, A	1
Leuschner, R	1
Magrans, JO	1
Miron, I	1
Nave, S	1
Pedersen, R	1
Reich, H	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Feasibility Study of Metformin Therapy in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.[NCT02903511]	Phase 2	56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Completed
[NCT00004992]	Phase 3	3,234 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1996-07-31	Completed
Use of Metformin in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiac Fibrosis in PAI-1 Deficient Population[NCT05317806]	Phase 4	15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-10	Active, not recruiting
An Open-Label Single-Arm Phase Ⅱ Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Sintilimab Combined With Metformin Hydrochloride in Patients With Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Refractory to First-Line Treatment[NCT03874000]	Phase 2	43 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-03-08	Recruiting
Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study[NCT00038727]	Phase 3	2,779 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-09-30	Active, not recruiting
Impact of the Addition of Metformin to Abiraterone in Pre-docetaxel Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Progressing on Abiraterone Treatment (MetAb-Pro): a Phase II Pilot Study[NCT01677897]	Phase 2	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-08-31	Completed
Efficacy of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists According to Type 2 Diabetes Subtypes: an Italian Monocentric Retrospective Study[NCT06120556]		128 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-06-10	Recruiting
Preventing Injured Knees From osteoArthritis: Severity Outcomes (PIKASO)[NCT06096259]	Phase 2	512 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-31	Not yet recruiting
The Effects of Neoadjuvant Metformin on Tumour Cell Proliferation and Tumour Progression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma[NCT02978547]	Phase 2	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-01-31	Not yet recruiting
"Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Assess the Effect of Metformin, an Activator of AMPK, on Cognitive Measures of Progression in Huntington's Disease Patients"[NCT04826692]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-12-10	Recruiting
Modulation of Gut Microbiota to Enhance Health and Immunity of Vulnerable Individuals During COVID-19 Pandemic[NCT04884776]		453 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-01	Active, not recruiting
Metformin in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer. A Multicenter Phase II Trial.[NCT01243385]	Phase 2	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-12-23	Completed
A Randomized Phase 3 Trial of Metformin in Patients Initiating Androgen Deprivation Therapy as Prevention and Intervention of Metabolic Syndrome: The Prime Study[NCT03031821]	Phase 3	168 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-12	Terminated (stopped due to Manufacturer discontinued the production of study drugs.)
Mansmed Trial : Repurposing Metformin as Anticancer Drug, RCT in Advanced Prostate Cancer[NCT03137186]	Phase 2	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Recruiting
Phase II Trial, Open Label, Clinical Activity of Metformin in Combination With High-dose of Dexamethasone (HDdexa) in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma[NCT02967276]	Phase 2	28 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Recruiting
A Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial of Metformin in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbations: a Pilot Study[NCT01247870]	Phase 4	52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-01-31	Completed
A Combination of Zinc, Chromium, Vitamin C, and Copper Supplement for Prediabetes Progression: Randomized Controlled-Trial in Jakarta[NCT04511468]		670 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-23	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind Study to Compare the Durability of Glucose Lowering and Preservation of Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function of Rosiglitazone Monotherapy Compared to Metformin or Glyburide/Glibenclamide in Patients With Drug-Naive, Recently Diagnosed [NCT00279045]	Phase 3	4,426 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2000-01-03	Completed
Group Medical Visits (GMVs) in Primary Care: An RCT of Group-Based Versus Individual Appointments to Reduce HbA1c in Older People[NCT02002143]		128 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Recruiting
Virtual Translation of Diabetes Prevention to Primary Care: A Pilot Study[NCT00729079]		36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-12-31	Completed
Helping the Poor Quit Smoking: Specialized Quitlines and Meeting Basic Needs[NCT03194958]		1,944 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-05	Completed
Effect of the CAIPaDi Care Model in Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus[NCT03234946]		97 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-06-19	Active, not recruiting
A Community-based Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Diabetes in Qingdao, China----Qingdao Diabetes Prevention Project (2005-2012)[NCT01053195]		276,793 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-12-31	Completed
Exercise, Prediabetes and Diabetes After Renal Transplantation.[NCT04489043]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-09-05	Recruiting
Effects of a Community-based Weight Loss Programme Targetting Chinese Overweight Adults With Pre-diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03609697]		180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-10	Active, not recruiting
Modulation of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity in Bangladeshi Type 2 Diabetic Subjects by an Insulin Sensitizer Pioglitazone and T2DM Association With PPARG Gene Polymorphism.[NCT01589445]	Phase 4	77 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
Personalizing Sleep Interventions to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in Community Dwelling Adults With Pre-Diabetes[NCT03398902]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-01	Recruiting
A Pragmatic and Scalable Strategy Using Mobile Technology to Promote Sustained Lifestyle Changes to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in India and the UK[NCT01570946]		1,171 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
The Comparison of Effect Between Salsalate and Placebo in Osteoarthritis With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Investigator Initiated Randomized Placebo-controlled Double-blind, Pilot Study[NCT03222206]	Phase 4	34 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-08	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) will be calculated from serum creatinine measurements at baseline and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Change from baseline at 12 months is reported. (NCT02903511)
Timeframe: 12 months

Change in Total Kidney Volume

Intervention	mL/min/1.73 m^2 (Mean)
Metformin	-0.41
Placebo	-3.35

Total kidney volume will be measured by MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) at baseline and at 12 months. Percentage change from baseline in height-adjusted total kidney volume is reported. (NCT02903511)
Timeframe: 12 months

Rate of Serious Adverse Events (SAE)

Intervention	percent change (Mean)
Metformin	3.45
Placebo	3.15

Serious adverse events occurring from the time of signing informed consent until the end of the study will be monitored in both treatment arms (NCT02903511)
Timeframe: 12 months

Safety and Tolerability of Metformin

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Metformin	2
Placebo	0

Percentage of participants who at the end of 12 months are still prescribed the full randomized dose of metformin or placebo, and the percentage of participants who are prescribed at least 50% of the randomized dose (NCT02903511)
Timeframe: 12 months

Development of Diabetes.

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	Full Dose	50% Dose
Metformin	50	82
Placebo	100	100

Primary outcome for years 2002-2008 defined according to American Diabetes Association criteria (fasting plasma glucose level >= 126 mg/dL [7.0 mmol/L] or 2-hour plasma glucose >= 200 mg/dL [11.1 mmol/L], after a 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and confirmed with a repeat test). (NCT00038727)
Timeframe: Outcomes were assessed from 1996-2008 (approximately 12 years including 6 years of DPP).

Mortality

Intervention	diabetes incidence (cases per 100 person (Number)
1 Original Lifestyle	5.3
2 Original Metformin	6.4
3 Original Placebo	7.8

All cause-mortality through clinic reports and National Death Index search (NCT00038727)
Timeframe: Outcomes were assessed throughout follow-up from 1996 to 2022. National Death Index search conducted in 2019 using early release data as of Dec 2018.

Prevalence of Aggregate Microvascular Complication

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
1 Original Lifestyle	158
2 Original Metformin	152
3 Original Placebo	143

Aggregate microvascular disease is defined as the average prevalence of 3 components: (1) retinopathy measured by photography (ETDRS of 20 or greater); (2) neuropathy detected by Semmes Weinstein 10 gram monofilament, and (3) nephropathy based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR by chronic kidney disease (CKD-Epi) equation ) (<45 ml/min, confirmed) and albumin-to-creatinine ratio in spot urine (> 30mg/gm, confirmed). (NCT00038727)
Timeframe: Outcomes were assessed from 2012-2013 (approximately 2 years).

Subclinical Atherosclerosis

Intervention	average percentage of participants (Number)
1 Original Lifestyle	11.3
2 Original Metformin	13
3 Original Placebo	12.4

Measured using coronary artery calcification (CAC). (NCT00038727)
Timeframe: Outcomes were assessed from 2012-2013 (approximately 2 years).

24hr Quit Attempt

Intervention	CAC geometric mean in AU (Geometric Mean)
	Men	Women
1 Original Lifestyle	70.1	6.0
2 Original Metformin	40.2	6.1
3 Original Placebo	63.7	5.3

Report quitting smoking for at least 24 hours during intervention (NCT03194958)
Timeframe: 6 months post-baseline

Abstinence 3-months

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Standard Quitline	241
Specialized Quitline	219
Standard Quitline With Basic Needs Navigator	248
Specialized Quitline With Basic Needs Navigator	235

Report 7-day point prevalence abstinence measured at 3-months post-baseline (NCT03194958)
Timeframe: 3 months post-baseline

Abstinence 6-months

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Standard Quitline	97
Specialized Quitline	104
Standard Quitline With Basic Needs Navigator	80
Specialized Quitline With Basic Needs Navigator	105

Report 7-day point prevalence abstinence measured at 6-months post --baseline (NCT03194958)
Timeframe: 6 months post-baseline

Comparison of Changes in Fasting Serum Glucose (FSG)With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Standard Quitline	101
Specialized Quitline	90
Standard Quitline With Basic Needs Navigator	74
Specialized Quitline With Basic Needs Navigator	103

Response rate was defined by ≥10% decrease of FSG or/and ≥1% decrease of HbA1c from the baseline values after 3 months treatment.48 responded to pioglitazone and 32 responded to metformin. (NCT01589445)
Timeframe: 3 months for each drug

Comparison of Changes in Fasting Serum Insulin (FSI)With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	mmol/l (Mean)
	Baseline FSG	3rd Month FSG
Metformin ( 002 Group)	6.2	6.5
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	6.9	5.4

Comparison of Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	μU/ml (Mean)
	Baseline FSI	3rd month FSI
Metformin ( 002 Group)	13.0	13.9
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	16.2	12.3

Comparison of Changes in HOMA Percent B and HOMA Percent S With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	percentage (Mean)
	Baseline HbA1c	3rd month HbA1c
Metformin ( 002 Group)	7.8	7.0
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	7.3	6.7

"Response rate was defined by ≥10% decrease of FSG or/and ≥1% decrease of HbA1c from the baseline values after 3 months treatment.48 responded to pioglitazone and 32 responded to metformin.~Analysis 1: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta cell function(HOMA percent B) Analysis 2: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity (Homa percent S)" (NCT01589445)
Timeframe: 3 months for each drug

Comparison of Changes in Insulin Levels (HOMA IR,QUICKI) With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	percentage (Mean)
	Baseline HOMA percent beta cells function	3rd month HOMA percent beta cells function	Baseline HOMA percent sensitivity	3rd month HOMA percent sensitivity
Metformin ( 002 Group)	109.3	116.0	76.2	67.2
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	118.9	132.3	51.1	69.3

"Response rate was defined by ≥10% decrease of FSG or/and ≥1% decrease of HbA1c from the baseline values after 3 months treatment.48 responded to pioglitazone and 32 responded to metformin.~Analysis 1: Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance(HOMA IR) Analysis 2: Quantitative Insulin sensitivity Check Index(QUICKI)" (NCT01589445)
Timeframe: 3 months for each drug

Comparison of Changes in Lipid Profiles With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	Score on a scale ( SI unit) (Mean)
	Baseline QUICKI	3rd month QUICKI	Baseline HOMA IR	3rd month HOMA IR
Metformin ( 002 Group)	0.57	0.54	3.7	4.3
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	0.52	0.59	5.1	2.9

"Response rate was defined by ≥10% decrease of FSG or/and ≥1% decrease of HbA1c from the baseline values after 3 months treatment.48 responded to pioglitazone and 32 responded to metformin.~Analysis 1:Total Cholesterol(TC) Analysis 2:Triglyceride(TG) Analysis 3:High Density Lipoprotein(HDL) Analysis 4:Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL)" (NCT01589445)
Timeframe: 3 months for each drug

Intervention	mg/dl (Mean)
	Baseline TC	3rd month TC	Baseline TG	3rd month TG	Baseline HDL	3rd month HDL	Baseline LDL	3rd month LDL
Metformin (002 Group)	193.0	177.0	166.0	175.0	34.4	34.7	125.6	112.0
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	182.0	178	183	195	33	33.2	112.8	105.5

Article	Year
The effect of metformin on cognitive function: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2022, Volume: 36, Issue:6 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dementia; Disease Progression; Humans; Metformi	2022
Drugs in Clinical Development to Treat Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Drugs, 2022, Volume: 82, Issue:10 Topics: Cysts; Disease Progression; Humans; Metformin; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant; Somatostatin	2022
Suppressive effects of metformin on colorectal adenoma incidence and malignant progression. Pathology, research and practice, 2020, Volume: 216, Issue:2 Topics: Adenoma; Asian People; Colorectal Neoplasms; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans;	2020
Top 10 candidate aortic disease trials. Journal of internal medicine, 2020, Volume: 288, Issue:1 Topics: Aorta; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Aortic Dissection; Balloon Occlusion; Biomarkers; Clinical Trials	2020
Role of Impaired Nutrient and Oxygen Deprivation Signaling and Deficient Autophagic Flux in Diabetic CKD Development: Implications for Understanding the Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2-Inhibitors. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2020, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Adenylate Kinase; Autophagy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Disease Progression;	2020
Therapeutic aspects of AMPK in breast cancer: Progress, challenges, and future directions. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer, 2020, Volume: 1874, Issue:1 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Aspirin; Biological Products; Breast	2020
Significance of Metformin Use in Diabetic Kidney Disease. International journal of molecular sciences, 2020, Jun-14, Volume: 21, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemi	2020
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis: State of the art on effective therapeutics based on the gold standard method for diagnosis. Molecular metabolism, 2021, Volume: 50 Topics: Biopsy; Disease Progression; Humans; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Metformin; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Di	2021
Association of Metformin Use with Asthma Exacerbation in Patients with Concurrent Asthma and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Canadian respiratory journal, 2020, Volume: 2020 Topics: Asthma; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Metformin; Observational Studies as	2020
Psychological distress among health care professionals of the three COVID-19 most affected Regions in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors. Annales medico-psychologiques, 2021, Volume: 179, Issue:2 Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; 5'-Nucleotidase; A549 Cells; Accidental Falls; Acetylcholinesterase; Acryli	2021
Psychological distress among health care professionals of the three COVID-19 most affected Regions in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors. Annales medico-psychologiques, 2021, Volume: 179, Issue:2 Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; 5'-Nucleotidase; A549 Cells; Accidental Falls; Acetylcholinesterase; Acryli	2021
Psychological distress among health care professionals of the three COVID-19 most affected Regions in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors. Annales medico-psychologiques, 2021, Volume: 179, Issue:2 Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; 5'-Nucleotidase; A549 Cells; Accidental Falls; Acetylcholinesterase; Acryli	2021
Psychological distress among health care professionals of the three COVID-19 most affected Regions in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors. Annales medico-psychologiques, 2021, Volume: 179, Issue:2 Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; 5'-Nucleotidase; A549 Cells; Accidental Falls; Acetylcholinesterase; Acryli	2021
Metformin Actions on the Liver: Protection Mechanisms Emerging in Hepatocytes and Immune Cells against NASH-Related HCC. International journal of molecular sciences, 2021, May-09, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Disease Progression; Disease Susceptibility; DNA Damage; Hepatoc	2021
Preventing progression from gestational diabetes mellitus to diabetes: A thought-filled review. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, 2017, Volume: 33, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hypogl	2017
THE PHYSIOLOGY BEHIND DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS WITH PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, 2017, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; Catecholamines; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mel	2017
Metformin effects on the heart and the cardiovascular system: A review of experimental and clinical data. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2017, Volume: 27, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease	2017
Metformin for endometrial hyperplasia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017, Oct-27, Volume: 10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Disease Progression; Endometrial Hyperplasia; Female;	2017
Geroprotectors as a therapeutic strategy for COPD - where are we now? Clinical interventions in aging, 2017, Volume: 12 Topics: Aging; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Inflammation; Me	2017
Prediabetes in Colombia: Expert Consensus. Colombia medica (Cali, Colombia), 2017, Dec-30, Volume: 48, Issue:4 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Colombia; Consensus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans	2017
Association of metformin intake with bladder cancer risk and oncologic outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine, 2018, Volume: 97, Issue:30 Topics: Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Hypogly	2018
Metformin Use Associated with Reduced Risk of Dementia in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2018, Volume: 65, Issue:4 Topics: Cognitive Dysfunction; Dementia; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents	2018
The Metformin Paradox. Current diabetes reviews, 2020, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Blood Glucose; Cell Membrane; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Erythrocyte Membrane;	2020
Metformin prescription and aortic aneurysm: systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2019, Volume: 105, Issue:17 Topics: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Aortic Rupture; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Drug Prescriptio	2019
Epithelial mesenchymal transition and resistance in endocrine-related cancers. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research, 2019, Volume: 1866, Issue:9 Topics: Benzopyrans; Breast Neoplasms; Cadherins; Cell Plasticity; Cytokines; Disease Progression; Epidermal	2019
Nonalcoholic Fatty liver: a possible new target for type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment. International journal of molecular sciences, 2013, Nov-20, Volume: 14, Issue:11 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fatty Liver; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Re	2013
The multifaceted activities of AMPK in tumor progression--why the "one size fits all" definition does not fit at all? IUBMB life, 2013, Volume: 65, Issue:11 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Tran	2013
Antidiabetic drugs and their potential role in treating mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Discovery medicine, 2013, Volume: 16, Issue:90 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cognition Diso	2013
Metformin in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: safety, efficacy and mechanism. Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2014, Volume: 8, Issue:4 Topics: Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Resistance; Metformin; Non-alcoholic Fatty	2014
STOP accelerating lung aging for the treatment of COPD. Experimental gerontology, 2014, Volume: 59 Topics: Aging; Disease Progression; Humans; Inflammation; Lung; Metformin; Oxidative Stress; Pulmonary Disea	2014
Interventions to modify the progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus in women with gestational diabetes: a systematic review of literature. Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology, 2014, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Breast Feeding; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Diet, D	2014
Sex-specific differences in diabetes prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia, 2015, Volume: 58, Issue:2 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Male; Metformin	2015
Challenges and Management of Liver Cirrhosis: Practical Issues in the Therapy of Patients with Cirrhosis due to NAFLD and NASH. Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2015, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Anticholesteremic Agents; Antioxidants; Bariatric Surgery; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Disease Progre	2015
Mechanisms of obesity in the development of breast cancer. Discovery medicine, 2015, Volume: 20, Issue:109 Topics: Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Disease Progression	2015
The cell-autonomous mechanisms underlying the activity of metformin as an anticancer drug. British journal of cancer, 2016, Dec-06, Volume: 115, Issue:12 Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Death; Cell Proliferation; Disease Progression; Humans; Metformin; Neopl	2016
[Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease--new view]. Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego, 2008, Volume: 24, Issue:144 Topics: Biopsy; Causality; Comorbidity; Disease Progression; Fatty Liver; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Insulin Res	2008
Approach to the patient with prediabetes. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2008, Volume: 93, Issue:9 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformin; Prediabetic	2008
Combination treatment in the management of type 2 diabetes: focus on vildagliptin and metformin as a single tablet. Vascular health and risk management, 2008, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Adamantane; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; Disease Prog	2008
Goals of treatment for type 2 diabetes: beta-cell preservation for glycemic control. Diabetes care, 2009, Volume: 32 Suppl 2 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glucose I	2009
Is there evidence that oral hypoglycemic agents reduce cardiovascular morbidity or mortality? No. Diabetes care, 2009, Volume: 32 Suppl 2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetic Angiopathies; Disease Progression; Enzyme In	2009
Improving glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk through integrated treatment plans. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 2010, Volume: 110, Issue:7 Suppl 7 Topics: Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Glycated Hemoglobin; Glycemi	2010
Add-on therapies to metformin for type 2 diabetes. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2011, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Co	2011
[Fatty liver and its clinical management in obese adolescents]. Endocrinologia y nutricion : organo de la Sociedad Espanola de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:1 Topics: Adiponectin; Adolescent; Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Chemokines; Disease Progression; Fatty Liver; Fibros	2011
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the hidden epidemic. The American journal of the medical sciences, 2011, Volume: 341, Issue:6 Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Biopsy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Exercise; Fatty Liver; Hu	2011
Type 2 diabetes mellitus: practical approaches for primary care physicians. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 2011, Volume: 111, Issue:5 Suppl 4 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Hypog	2011
Gestational diabetes: implications for cardiovascular health. Current diabetes reports, 2012, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Ge	2012
Second-line therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: a systematic review and mixed-treatment comparison meta-analysis. Open medicine : a peer-reviewed, independent, open-access journal, 2011, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Bayes Theorem; Body Weight; Confidence Intervals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV	2011
Metabolic correction in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: improving clinical results beyond symptom control. Current clinical pharmacology, 2011, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Neuropathies; Dietary Supplements; Disease Progre	2011
The influence of antidiabetic medications on the development and progression of prostate cancer. Cancer epidemiology, 2012, Volume: 36, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Age	2012
Insulin initiation in type 2 diabetes: what are the treatment regimen options and how can we best help patients feel empowered? Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 2012, Volume: 24 Suppl 1 Topics: Algorithms; Decision Making; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Ag	2012
Cancer prevention by targeting angiogenesis. Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 2012, Volume: 9, Issue:9 Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis;	2012
The role of cancer stem cells in breast cancer initiation and progression: potential cancer stem cell-directed therapies. The oncologist, 2012, Volume: 17, Issue:11 Topics: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; Breast Neoplasms; CD24 Antigen; Cell Differentiation; Cell Transfor	2012
Early and tight glycaemic control - the key to managing type 2 diabetes. Australian family physician, 2012, Volume: 41, Issue:9 Topics: Australia; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Glycated Hemoglobin; Human	2012
Insulin sensitization therapy and the heart: focus on metformin and thiazolidinediones. Heart failure clinics, 2012, Volume: 8, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Heart; Heart Failur	2012
Noninsulin glucose-lowering agents for the treatment of patients on dialysis. Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2013, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: Adamantane; Biguanides; Diabetic Nephropathies; Dipeptides; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; Dise	2013
Pharmacologic therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults. Pharmacotherapy, 2013, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Animals; Disease Progression; Fatty Liver; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibi	2013
Initiating oral glucose-lowering therapy with metformin in type 2 diabetic patients: an evidence-based strategy to reduce the burden of late-developing diabetes complications. Diabetes & metabolism, 2004, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Body Mass Index; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Hypoglycemic Agents; Islets of Lang	2004
[Pathophysiological conditions progressing from impaired glucose tolerance: type 2 diabetes mellitus]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2005, Volume: 63 Suppl 2 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Fat-Restricted; Disease Progression; Exercise Therapy; Glucose Into	2005
Drug therapy in prediabetes. Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 2005, Volume: 103, Issue:11 Topics: Acarbose; Blood Glucose; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Hu	2005
[Prevention and treatment for development and progression of diabetic macroangiopathy with pioglitazone and metformin]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2006, Volume: 64, Issue:11 Topics: Adiponectin; Arteriosclerosis; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cytokines; Diabeti	2006
Progress in the treatment of diabetes type 1 and 2. Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Genetic	2007
Polycystic ovary syndrome update in adolescence. Current opinion in pediatrics, 2007, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Algorithms; Androgen Antagonists; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agen	2007
Metabolic syndrome: are we at risk? Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ, 2007, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Resistance; Lif	2007
Identification and treatment of prediabetes to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes. Clinical cornerstone, 2007, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Acarbose; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Glucose Intolerance; Glucos	2007
Children with type 2 diabetes: the risks of complications. Hormone research, 2002, Volume: 57 Suppl 1 Topics: Child, Preschool; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insul	2002

Article	Year
Comparative Effects of Glucose-Lowering Medications on Kidney Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: The GRADE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA internal medicine, 2023, 07-01, Volume: 183, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Albuminuria; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Glomerular Filtration Ra	2023
Prognostic Significance of VEGF and HIF-1 α in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving Sorafenib Versus Metformin Sorafenib Combination. Journal of gastrointestinal cancer, 2021, Volume: 52, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular;	2021
Beyond diabetes mellitus: role of metformin in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Singapore medical journal, 2022, Volume: 63, Issue:4 Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Administration, Intravesical; BCG Vaccine; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progre	2022
Psychological distress among health care professionals of the three COVID-19 most affected Regions in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors. Annales medico-psychologiques, 2021, Volume: 179, Issue:2 Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; 5'-Nucleotidase; A549 Cells; Accidental Falls; Acetylcholinesterase; Acryli	2021
Psychological distress among health care professionals of the three COVID-19 most affected Regions in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors. Annales medico-psychologiques, 2021, Volume: 179, Issue:2 Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; 5'-Nucleotidase; A549 Cells; Accidental Falls; Acetylcholinesterase; Acryli	2021
Psychological distress among health care professionals of the three COVID-19 most affected Regions in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors. Annales medico-psychologiques, 2021, Volume: 179, Issue:2 Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; 5'-Nucleotidase; A549 Cells; Accidental Falls; Acetylcholinesterase; Acryli	2021
Psychological distress among health care professionals of the three COVID-19 most affected Regions in Cameroon: Prevalence and associated factors. Annales medico-psychologiques, 2021, Volume: 179, Issue:2 Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; 5'-Nucleotidase; A549 Cells; Accidental Falls; Acetylcholinesterase; Acryli	2021
The Metformin for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Growth Inhibition (MAAAGI) Trial. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery, 2021, Volume: 61, Issue:4 Topics: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Male; Metformin; Multicenter Studie	2021
Metformin Therapy in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Feasibility Study. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2022, Volume: 79, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Disease Progression; Feasibility Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Kidney; Metform	2022
Impact of demographics and disease progression on the relationship between glucose and HbA1c. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017, Jun-15, Volume: 104 Topics: Aged; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin; Hu	2017
Impact of Lifestyle and Metformin Interventions on the Risk of Progression to Diabetes and Regression to Normal Glucose Regulation in Overweight or Obese People With Impaired Glucose Regulation. Diabetes care, 2017, Volume: 40, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Exercise; Fem	2017
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Metformin to Treat Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. American journal of nephrology, 2018, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Cysts; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Rel	2018
Use of a Metabolic Syndrome Severity Diabetes care, 2018, Volume: 41, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progress	2018
Use of a Metabolic Syndrome Severity Diabetes care, 2018, Volume: 41, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progress	2018
Use of a Metabolic Syndrome Severity Diabetes care, 2018, Volume: 41, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progress	2018
Use of a Metabolic Syndrome Severity Diabetes care, 2018, Volume: 41, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progress	2018
Impact of Addition of Metformin to Abiraterone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients With Disease Progressing While Receiving Abiraterone Treatment (MetAb-Pro): Phase 2 Pilot Study. Clinical genitourinary cancer, 2019, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Abiraterone Acetate; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Diseas	2019
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). European urology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Carrier Proteins; Comple	2014
Diabetes autoantibodies do not predict progression to diabetes in adults: the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2014, Volume: 31, Issue:9 Topics: Autoantibodies; Autoimmunity; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-	2014
Will metformin postpone high-fat diet promotion of TRAMP mouse prostate cancer development and progression? International urology and nephrology, 2014, Volume: 46, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Glucose; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Progression; Insulin; Insulin-Lik	2014
Improving diabetes prevention with benefit based tailored treatment: risk based reanalysis of Diabetes Prevention Program. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2015, Feb-19, Volume: 350 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Life Style; Male; Met	2015
Metformin in severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. Thorax, 2016, Volume: 71, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; C-Reactive Protein; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fr	2016
Metformin in adults with type 1 diabetes: Design and methods of REducing with MetfOrmin Vascular Adverse Lesions (REMOVAL): An international multicentre trial. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2017, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Atherosclerosis; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; Cholesterol, LDL	2017
Effect of progression from impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes on cardiovascular risk factors and its amelioration by lifestyle and metformin intervention: the Diabetes Prevention Program randomized trial by the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Gro Diabetes care, 2009, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D	2009
A single-center, open, comparative study of the effect of using self-monitoring of blood glucose to guide therapy on preclinical atherosclerotic markers in type 2 diabetic subjects. Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2010, Jul-01, Volume: 4, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring;	2010
Pioglitazone may accelerate disease course of slowly progressive type 1 diabetes. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, 2011, Volume: 27, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Progression; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin; Hu	2011
Effect of insulin versus triple oral therapy on the progression of hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetes. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research, 2012, Volume: 60, Issue:7 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fatty Liver; Fema	2012
A diabetes outcome progression trial (ADOPT): an international multicenter study of the comparative efficacy of rosiglitazone, glyburide, and metformin in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Diabetes care, 2002, Volume: 25, Issue:10 Topics: Albuminuria; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Gly	2002
Insulin sensitization early after menarche prevents progression from precocious pubarche to polycystic ovary syndrome. The Journal of pediatrics, 2004, Volume: 144, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Body Composition; Body Constitution; Body Mass Index; Child; Disease Progression; Female	2004
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia, 2006, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Asian People; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Fema	2006
Prevention of type 2 diabetes in the prediabetic population. Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 2005, Volume: 103, Issue:11 Topics: Acarbose; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Exercise; Female; Glucose I	2005
Effects of the type 2 diabetes-associated PPARG P12A polymorphism on progression to diabetes and response to troglitazone. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Chromans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progr	2007
Type 2 diabetes-associated missense polymorphisms KCNJ11 E23K and ABCC8 A1369S influence progression to diabetes and response to interventions in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes, 2007, Volume: 56, Issue:2 Topics: Alleles; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female;	2007
A randomized trial of the effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. American heart journal, 2007, Volume: 153, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Atherosclerosis; C-Reactive Protein; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopathies; Disease	2007
Rosiglitazone-associated fractures in type 2 diabetes: an Analysis from A Diabetes Outcome Progression Trial (ADOPT). Diabetes care, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Fractures, Bone; Glyburi	2008
Rosiglitazone-associated fractures in type 2 diabetes: an Analysis from A Diabetes Outcome Progression Trial (ADOPT). Diabetes care, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Fractures, Bone; Glyburi	2008
Rosiglitazone-associated fractures in type 2 diabetes: an Analysis from A Diabetes Outcome Progression Trial (ADOPT). Diabetes care, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Fractures, Bone; Glyburi	2008
Rosiglitazone-associated fractures in type 2 diabetes: an Analysis from A Diabetes Outcome Progression Trial (ADOPT). Diabetes care, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Fractures, Bone; Glyburi	2008

Article	Year
Obesity and altered angiogenic-related gene expression in endometrial cancer. Gynecologic oncology, 2021, Volume: 163, Issue:2 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Body Mass Index; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Cell Adhesion Mol	2021
Pharmaceutical biology, 2021, Volume: 59, Issue:1 Topics: Acanthaceae; Animals; Atherosclerosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D	2021
Berberine Improves the Protective Effects of Metformin on Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice through Trib1-dependent Inhibiting Inflammation. Pharmaceutical research, 2021, Volume: 38, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Berberine; Diabetic Nephropathies; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Drug Synerg	2021
Empagliflozin adjunct with metformin for the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma progression: Emerging approach for new application. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2022, Volume: 145 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Benzhydryl Compounds; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Disease Progression;	2022
Reduced Progression of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance to Multiple Myeloma in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Will Metformin Never Stop Its Pleasant Surprises? Advances in therapy, 2022, Volume: 39, Issue:6 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Metformin; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undeterm	2022
Predictors of rapid progression of estimated glomerular filtration rate among persons living with diabetes and/or hypertension in Ghana: Findings from a multicentre study. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2022, Volume: 24, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Angiotensins; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Ghana; Glomerular Filtratio	2022
Effect of metformin on outcomes of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective cohort study. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2023, Volume: 72, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Disease Progression; Humans; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Metformin; Prospective Studies; Re	2023
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Efficacy Outcomes from Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2023, Jul-14, Volume: 29, Issue:14 Topics: Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Immune Check	2023
Association of Metformin Initiation and Risk of Asthma Exacerbation. A Claims-based Cohort Study. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2019, Volume: 16, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Asthma; Databases, Factual; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Emergency Service, Hospit	2019
Elevated CD54 Expression Renders CD4+ T Cells Susceptible to Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Killing. The Journal of infectious diseases, 2019, 11-06, Volume: 220, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Communication; Cytotoxicity, Immunolog	2019
Clinical Determinants of Diabetes Progression in Multiethnic Asians with Type 2 Diabetes - A 3-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2019, Volume: 48, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Aged; Area Under Curve; Asian People; China; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus,	2019
Targeting the TR4 nuclear receptor-mediated lncTASR/AXL signaling with tretinoin increases the sunitinib sensitivity to better suppress the RCC progression. Oncogene, 2020, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase; Carcinoma, Re	2020
A novel fast-slow model of diabetes progression: Insights into mechanisms of response to the interventions in the Diabetes Prevention Program. PloS one, 2019, Volume: 14, Issue:10 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Glucose Tolerance	2019
Costarting sitagliptin with metformin is associated with a lower likelihood of disease progression in newly treated people with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2020, Volume: 37, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Alberta; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combin	2020
Metformin is associated with increase in lactate level in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD stage 3: A case-control study. Journal of diabetes and its complications, 2020, Volume: 34, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Neph	2020
Metformin use and cardiovascular outcomes after acute myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study. Cardiovascular diabetology, 2019, 12-09, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cause of Death; Databases, Factual; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Prog	2019
The Long-term Effects of Metformin on Patients With Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease. Diabetes care, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cause of Death; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	2020
Metformin limits osteoarthritis development and progression through activation of AMPK signalling. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2020, Volume: 79, Issue:5 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Cartilage, Articular; Cells, Cultured; Chondrocytes; Disease	2020
Metformin arrests the progression of established kidney disease in the subtotal nephrectomy model of chronic kidney disease. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2020, 05-01, Volume: 318, Issue:5 Topics: Albuminuria; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; En	2020
Exenatide ameliorates experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver in rats via suppression of toll-like receptor 4/NFκB signaling: Comparison to metformin. Life sciences, 2020, Jul-15, Volume: 253 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exenati	2020
Metformin Treatment Is Associated with a Decreased Risk of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Journal of diabetes research, 2020, Volume: 2020 Topics: Adult; Aged; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Retinopathy; Disease Progression; F	2020
Metformin inhibits intracranial aneurysm formation and progression by regulating vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switching via the AMPK/ACC pathway. Journal of neuroinflammation, 2020, Jun-16, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Disease Progression; Intracranial An	2020
Cost-effectiveness analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome management and the risk of gestational diabetes in pregnant women: a decision-tree model. Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research, 2021, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cohort Studies; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Trees; Diabetes, Gestational; Disease Progres	2021
Metformin Should Not Be Used to Treat Prediabetes. Diabetes care, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Dia	2020
Use of antidiabetic medications and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation requiring hospitalization: a disease risk score-matched nested case-control study. Respiratory research, 2020, Dec-02, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Databases, Factual; Diabetes Me	2020
Metformin slows liver cyst formation and fibrosis in experimental model of polycystic liver disease. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2021, 04-01, Volume: 320, Issue:4 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Cell Proliferation; Cysts; Disease Progression; Enzyme Activ	2021
GSK-3β Can Regulate the Sensitivity of MIA-PaCa-2 Pancreatic and MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapeutic Drugs, Targeted Therapeutics and Nutraceuticals. Cells, 2021, 04-06, Volume: 10, Issue:4 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenylate Kinase; Antineoplastic Agents; bcl-X Protein; Berberine; Biphenyl Compound	2021
Crocin and Metformin suppress metastatic breast cancer progression via VEGF and MMP9 downregulations: in vitro and in vivo studies. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2021, Volume: 476, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Breast Neoplasms; Carotenoids; Cell Proliferation; Disease Progression; Drug The	2021
Metformin in Combination with Malvidin Prevents Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Improving Lipid and Glucose Metabolisms, and Inhibiting Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Rats. Drug design, development and therapy, 2021, Volume: 15 Topics: Animals; Anthocyanins; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progressi	2021
Inverse relationship between insulin receptor expression and progression in renal cell carcinoma. Oncology reports, 2017, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Antigens, CD; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Diet, Carbohydrate Loa	2017
Liver Kinase B1/AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Activation Attenuated the Progression of Endotoxemia in the Diabetic Mice. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, 2017, Volume: 42, Issue:2 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Progression; Endoto	2017
Metformin suppresses cancer initiation and progression in genetic mouse models of pancreatic cancer. Molecular cancer, 2017, 07-24, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Carcinogenesis; Carcinoma in Situ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Disease Models, Animal; Di	2017
Metformin and Alzheimer's disease, dementia and cognitive impairment: a systematic review protocol. JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports, 2017, Volume: 15, Issue:8 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Cognition Disorders; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic	2017
Cohort profile for the MASTERMIND study: using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) to investigate stratification of response to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. BMJ open, 2017, Oct-12, Volume: 7, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Databases as Topic; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Pr	2017
Metformin ameliorates the progression of atherosclerosis via suppressing macrophage infiltration and inflammatory responses in rabbits. Life sciences, 2018, Apr-01, Volume: 198 Topics: Animals; Aorta; Atherosclerosis; C-Reactive Protein; Cell Adhesion; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line,	2018
Metformin suppresses melanoma progression by inhibiting KAT5-mediated SMAD3 acetylation, transcriptional activity and TRIB3 expression. Oncogene, 2018, Volume: 37, Issue:22 Topics: Acetylation; Animals; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Dise	2018
Metformin Suppresses Tumor Progression by Inactivating Stromal Fibroblasts in Ovarian Cancer. Molecular cancer therapeutics, 2018, Volume: 17, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Biomarkers; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Progression; Drug Resistance,	2018
Metformin inhibits stromal aromatase expression and tumor progression in a rodent model of postmenopausal breast cancer. Breast cancer research : BCR, 2018, 06-14, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aromatase; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Disease Progression; Estrogen Receptor alpha; Female;	2018
Metformin reduces TRIB3 expression and restores autophagy flux: an alternative antitumor action. Autophagy, 2018, Volume: 14, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Autophagy; Disease Progression; Melanoma; Metformin; Mice, Inbred C5	2018
Efficacy of metformin in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4) in metastatic malignant melanoma. Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2018, 07-02, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Biomarkers, Tumor; CTLA-4 Antigen; Disease Progression;	2018
Metformin prescription status and abdominal aortic aneurysm disease progression in the U.S. veteran population. Journal of vascular surgery, 2019, Volume: 69, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Databases, Factual; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression	2019
Inhibition of Glycolysis Reduces Disease Severity in an Autoimmune Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Frontiers in immunology, 2018, Volume: 9 Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Deoxyglucose; Disease Mo	2018
Metformin suppresses gastric cancer progression through calmodulin‑like protein 3 secreted from tumor‑associated fibroblasts. Oncology reports, 2019, Volume: 41, Issue:1 Topics: Calmodulin; Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cocu	2019
Metformin inhibits prostate cancer growth induced by a high-fat diet in Pten-deficient model mice. International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association, 2019, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Progression; Male; Metformin; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Trans	2019
Metformin modulates innate immune-mediated inflammation and early progression of NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in zebrafish. Journal of hepatology, 2019, Volume: 70, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Polarity; Diet, High-Fat; Di	2019
What protects against pre-diabetes progressing to diabetes? Observational study of integrated health and social data. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2019, Volume: 148 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Mass Index; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; Diabetes Melli	2019
Metformin induces human esophageal carcinoma cell pyroptosis by targeting the miR-497/PELP1 axis. Cancer letters, 2019, 05-28, Volume: 450 Topics: Cell Proliferation; Co-Repressor Proteins; Disease Progression; Down-Regulation; Esophageal Neoplasm	2019
Disease progression and treatment response in data-driven subgroups of type 2 diabetes compared with models based on simple clinical features: an analysis using clinical trial data. The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2019, Volume: 7, Issue:6 Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Cluster Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans;	2019
Metformin Prevents Progression of Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension via Inhibition of Autophagy and Activation of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase. Journal of vascular research, 2019, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Autophagy; Autophagy-Related Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Dise	2019
Taking metformin and cognitive function change in older patients with diabetes. Geriatrics & gerontology international, 2019, Volume: 19, Issue:8 Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Correlation o	2019
Association between metformin use and disease progression in obese people with knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative-a prospective cohort study. Arthritis research & therapy, 2019, 05-24, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Cartilage, Articular; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female;	2019
Metformin inhibits metastatic breast cancer progression and improves chemosensitivity by inducing vessel normalization via PDGF-B downregulation. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2019, Jun-04, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Disease Models, A	2019
The preventive effect of metformin on progression of benign prostate hyperplasia: A nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea. PloS one, 2019, Volume: 14, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Humans; Insurance, Health; Male; Metformin; Middle	2019
ADPKD and metformin: from bench to bedside. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2019, Volume: 23, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hypoglyce	2019
Progression to insulin for patients with diabetes mellitus on dual oral antidiabetic therapy using the US Department of Defense Database. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2013, Volume: 15, Issue:10 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Databases, Factual; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Drug	2013
Trends in selection and timing of first-line pharmacotherapy in older patients with type 2 diabetes diagnosed between 1994 and 2006. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2013, Volume: 30, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Blood Glucose; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Drug Administra	2013
TAK-875, a GPR40/FFAR1 agonist, in combination with metformin prevents progression of diabetes and β-cell dysfunction in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. British journal of pharmacology, 2013, Volume: 170, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Benzofurans; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Models, Animal;	2013
Super learning to hedge against incorrect inference from arbitrary parametric assumptions in marginal structural modeling. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 2013, Volume: 66, Issue:8 Suppl Topics: Adult; Aged; Cohort Studies; Comparative Effectiveness Research; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic;	2013
Age, renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, and antihyperglycemic treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: findings from the Renal Insufficiency and Cardiovascular Events Italian Multicenter Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2013, Volume: 61, Issue:8 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Albuminuria; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2;	2013
Metformin prevents liver tumorigenesis induced by high-fat diet in C57Bl/6 mice. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2013, Oct-15, Volume: 305, Issue:8 Topics: Adipose Tissue, White; Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Carcinogenesis; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular;	2013
Association of diabetes mellitus and metformin use with oncological outcomes of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. BJU international, 2013, Volume: 112, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Foll	2013
Prediction of type 2 diabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes using a genetic risk score. Diabetologia, 2013, Volume: 56, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Chromans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Disease Progression; Female; Foll	2013
Metformin targets c-MYC oncogene to prevent prostate cancer. Carcinogenesis, 2013, Volume: 34, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Cell Proliferation; Cell Transfor	2013
Metformin targets the metabolic achilles heel of human pancreatic cancer stem cells. PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:10 Topics: Biomarkers; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Disease	2013
Genetic risk of progression to type 2 diabetes and response to intensive lifestyle or metformin in prediabetic women with and without a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes care, 2014, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes, Gestational; Disease Progression;	2014
Slowly progressive type 1 diabetes treated with metformin for five years after onset. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2013, Volume: 52, Issue:23 Topics: Autoantibodies; Autoantigens; Blood Glucose; C-Peptide; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Progressi	2013
Combining sitagliptin/metformin with a functional fiber delays diabetes progression in Zucker rats. The Journal of endocrinology, 2014, Volume: 220, Issue:3 Topics: Alginates; Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Drug Combinations	2014
Modeling effects of SGLT-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin treatment versus standard diabetes therapy on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:7 Topics: Amputation, Surgical; Benzhydryl Compounds; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cardiovascul	2014
Second-line agents for glycemic control for type 2 diabetes: are newer agents better? Diabetes care, 2014, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Amputation, Surgical; Blood Glucose; Coronary Artery Disease; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Melli	2014
[Researchers illuminate diabetes therapy]. Pflege Zeitschrift, 2014, Volume: 67, Issue:2 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glycated H	2014
The association of diabetes and anti-diabetic medications with clinical outcomes in multiple myeloma. British journal of cancer, 2014, Jul-29, Volume: 111, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female;	2014
My patient's diabetic kidney disease has progressed to stage 4; should I discontinue metformin? Canadian journal of diabetes, 2014, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Canada; Diabetic Nephropathies; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship, D	2014
Inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) enhances the antineoplastic activity of metformin in prostate cancer. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2015, Jan-23, Volume: 290, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Cycle; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferatio	2015
Modulatory effects of adiponectin on the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. International journal of cancer, 2015, Aug-15, Volume: 137, Issue:4 Topics: Adiponectin; Animals; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Chemokine CCL2; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Pr	2015
Effect of Metformin, Rapamycin, and Their Combination on Growth and Progression of Prostate Tumors in HiMyc Mice. Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2015, Volume: 8, Issue:7 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Blotting, Western; Cell Pro	2015
Cost-effectiveness of saxagliptin vs glimepiride as a second-line therapy added to metformin in Type 2 diabetes in China. Journal of medical economics, 2015, Volume: 18, Issue:10 Topics: Adamantane; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; China; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analy	2015
Can Animal Models of PCOS Help Point the Way Towards Early and Effective Therapeutic Intervention in Women With the Syndrome? Endocrinology, 2015, Volume: 156, Issue:7 Topics: Androgen Antagonists; Animals; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progr	2015
Metformin can block precancerous progression to invasive tumors of bladder through inhibiting STAT3-mediated signaling pathways. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2015, Aug-07, Volume: 34 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival;	2015
Metformin influences progression in diabetic glioblastoma patients. Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al], 2015, Volume: 191, Issue:12 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Blood Glucose; Brain;	2015
Metformin initiation and renal impairment: a cohort study in Denmark and the UK. BMJ open, 2015, Sep-02, Volume: 5, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cohort Studies; Denmark; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephrop	2015
Targeting metabolic flexibility by simultaneously inhibiting respiratory complex I and lactate generation retards melanoma progression. Oncotarget, 2015, Nov-10, Volume: 6, Issue:35 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Apoptosis; Cell Lin	2015
Cushing syndrome secondary to ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion from a Meckel diverticulum neuroendocrine tumor: case report. BMC endocrine disorders, 2015, Nov-26, Volume: 15 Topics: ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cushing	2015
Progression to treatment failure among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes initiated on metformin versus sulphonylurea monotherapy--The Hong Kong Diabetes Registry. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2016, Volume: 112 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fem	2016
A case of lean polycystic ovary syndrome with early stage of type 1 diabetes successfully treated with metformin. Endocrine journal, 2016, Volume: 63, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Metformi	2016
Rates and predictors of progression to esophageal carcinoma in a large population-based Barrett's esophagus cohort. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2016, Volume: 84, Issue:1 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Age Factors; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Barrett Esophagus; Body	2016
Effects of Statin, Aspirin or Metformin Use on Recurrence-Free and Overall Survival in Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer. Hepato-gastroenterology, 2015, Volume: 62, Issue:139 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Biliary Tract Neoplasms; Cardiovascular Agents; Comorbidity; Disease Progression; Dis	2015
High Sensitivity of an Ha-RAS Transgenic Model of Superficial Bladder Cancer to Metformin Is Associated with ∼240-Fold Higher Drug Concentration in Urine than Serum. Molecular cancer therapeutics, 2016, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Biomarkers; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cyclin-Dependent K	2016
Disruption of Glut1 in Hematopoietic Stem Cells Prevents Myelopoiesis and Enhanced Glucose Flux in Atheromatous Plaques of ApoE(-/-) Mice. Circulation research, 2016, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Apolipoproteins E; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Cell Division; Cytokine Re	2016
Metformin represses bladder cancer progression by inhibiting stem cell repopulation via COX2/PGE2/STAT3 axis. Oncotarget, 2016, May-10, Volume: 7, Issue:19 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Cyclooxygenase 2; Dinoprostone; Disease Progressio	2016
Metformin treatment status and abdominal aortic aneurysm disease progression. Journal of vascular surgery, 2016, Volume: 64, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Animals; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; California; Data Mining; Databases,	2016
A Longitudinal HbA1c Model Elucidates Genes Linked to Disease Progression on Metformin. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2016, Volume: 100, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Glycated Hem	2016
Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes and Fibrosis Progression: An Observational Study in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. PloS one, 2016, Volume: 11, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme	2016
Impact of metformin on the progression of MGUS to multiple myeloma. Leukemia & lymphoma, 2017, Volume: 58, Issue:5 Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Case-Control Studies; Disease Progression; Humans; Incidence; Metformin; Mono	2017
Desmoplasia suppression by metformin-mediated AMPK activation inhibits pancreatic cancer progression. Cancer letters, 2017, 01-28, Volume: 385 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Combined Che	2017
A mini-network balance model for evaluating the progression of cardiovascular complications in Goto-Kakizaki rats. Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2017, Volume: 38, Issue:3 Topics: Alkenes; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diseas	2017
The Effects of Blood Glucose Regulation in Omentin-1 Levels among Diabetic Patients. Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association, 2017, Volume: 125, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Blood Glucose; Case-Control Studies; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type	2017
Metformin Prevents the Progression of Dysplastic Mucosa of the Head and Neck to Carcinoma in Nondiabetic Patients. The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology, 2017, Volume: 126, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Disease Progression; Female; Glottis; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Human	2017
Assessment of a prognostic model, PSA metrics and toxicities in metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer using data from Project Data Sphere (PDS). PloS one, 2017, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Area Under Curve; Cyclooxygen	2017
mTORC1 inhibitors rapamycin and metformin affect cardiovascular markers differentially in ZDF rats. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 2017, Volume: 95, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Dis	2017
Diabetic concentrations of metformin inhibit platelet-mediated ovarian cancer cell progression. Oncotarget, 2017, Mar-28, Volume: 8, Issue:13 Topics: Apoptosis; Blood Platelets; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Pr	2017
Gestational diabetes: an opportunity for improvement. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2008, Volume: 93, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Diabetes, Gestational; Disease Progression; Female; Glucose Intolerance; Human	2008
Identification and treatment of prediabetes to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes. Clinical cornerstone, 2008, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Acarbose; Anti-Obesity Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus,	2008
Metformin prevents progression of heart failure in dogs: role of AMP-activated protein kinase. Circulation, 2009, May-19, Volume: 119, Issue:19 Topics: Aminoimidazole Carboxamide; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Apoptosis; Cardiotonic Agents; C	2009
The influence of glucose-lowering therapies on cancer risk in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia, 2009, Volume: 52, Issue:9 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Melli	2009
A summary of the ADVANCE Trial. Diabetes care, 2009, Volume: 32 Suppl 2 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopathies; Diabetic Retinopathy; Disease Progr	2009
Diabetes mellitus type 2 through oncology lens. Medical hypotheses, 2011, Volume: 76, Issue:5 Topics: Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Insulin; Isc	2011
Gerosuppressant metformin: less is more. Aging, 2011, Volume: 3, Issue:4 Topics: Adenylate Kinase; Aging; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Cellular Senescence; Disease Progression; Enzyme	2011
New therapeutic options: management strategies to optimize glycemic control. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 2011, Volume: 111, Issue:4 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin-	2011
Glucose, not glutamine, is the dominant energy source required for proliferation and survival of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. Cancer, 2011, Jul-01, Volume: 117, Issue:13 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Prol	2011
Metformin treatment has no beneficial effect in a dose-response survival study in the SOD1(G93A) mouse model of ALS and is harmful in female mice. PloS one, 2011, Volume: 6, Issue:9 Topics: Aging; Amino Acid Substitution; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Body Weight; Cell Count; Dis	2011
Progression to insulin for patients with diabetes mellitus using the Texas Medicaid database. Clinical therapeutics, 2011, Volume: 33, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Databases as Topic; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Drug Th	2011
[Relationship between the degree of glycemic control and diabetes characteristics and hyperglycemia treatment in type 2 diabetes. DIABES Study]. Medicina clinica, 2012, May-05, Volume: 138, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Dr	2012
Cost and clinical implications of diabetes prevention in an Australian setting: a long-term modeling analysis. Primary care diabetes, 2012, Volume: 6, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Australia; Cost Savings; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression	2012
Metformin prevents the development of oral squamous cell carcinomas from carcinogen-induced premalignant lesions. Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2012, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Carcinogens; Carcinoma, Squamous Ce	2012
Early, aggressive treatment is effective in treating diabetes. Risk of long-term complications reduced significantly. DukeMedicine healthnews, 2012, Volume: 18, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypog	2012
Progression through diabetes therapies among new elderly users of metformin: a population-based study. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2013, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Blood Glucose; Canada; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Drug Ad	2013
Optimal glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus: fasting and postprandial glucose in context. Archives of internal medicine, 2004, Mar-08, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Carbamates; Diabetes Mellitus	2004
Impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose. American family physician, 2004, Apr-15, Volume: 69, Issue:8 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes, Gestational; Disease Progression; Female; Glucose Intole	2004
Economic evaluation of therapeutic interventions to prevent Type 2 diabetes in Canada. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2004, Volume: 21, Issue:11 Topics: Acarbose; Canada; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Glu	2004
Summaries for patients. The cost-effectiveness of strategies to prevent type 2 diabetes. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Annals of internal medicine, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 142, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Computer Simulation; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Reducing;	2005
A mechanism-based disease progression model for comparison of long-term effects of pioglitazone, metformin and gliclazide on disease processes underlying Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, 2006, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Algorithms; Blood Glucose; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Diabetes Mellitus, Type	2006
Thiazolidinediones may not reduce diabetes incidence in type 1 diabetes. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006, Volume: 1079 Topics: Animals; Cyclophosphamide; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Progression; Female; Immuno	2006
Metformin and exercise reduce muscle FAT/CD36 and lipid accumulation and blunt the progression of high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 293, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Body Composition; CD36 Antigens; Diet, Atherogenic; Disease Progression; Female; Glucose; G	2007
Thiazolidinedione induced thyroid associated orbitopathy. BMC ophthalmology, 2007, Apr-26, Volume: 7 Topics: Diplopia; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Exophthalmos; Female; Graves Ophthalmopath	2007
[ADOPT study. Glitazone controls diabetes progression]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2007, Volume: 149, Issue:1-2 Topics: Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Glyburide; Glycated Hemoglobin; Human	2007
[New rank order of antidiabetic drugs. Using glitazone before sulfonylurea drugs? (interview by Dr. Dirk Einecke)]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2007, Volume: 149, Issue:1-2 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; In	2007
[ADOPT study: Reevaluation of antidiabetic drugs. Control of diabetes]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2007, Apr-12, Volume: 149, Issue:15 Topics: Blood Glucose; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Glyburide;	2007
Clinical predictors of disease progression and medication initiation in untreated patients with type 2 diabetes and A1C less than 7%. Diabetes care, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Female; Glycated Hem	2008
Adiponectin, change in adiponectin, and progression to diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes, 2008, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Adiponectin; Adult; Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Progression; Ethnicity; Female; Glucose I	2008
Psoriatic exacerbation associated with insulin therapy. Diabetes care, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin	2008
A 64-year-old man with adult-onset diabetes. JAMA, 1996, Sep-11, Volume: 276, Issue:10 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Carotid Stenosis; Decision	1996
A 64-year-old man with adult-onset diabetes, 1 year later. JAMA, 1997, May-28, Volume: 277, Issue:20 Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Male; Metformin; Middle	1997
[Info-Meeting. Pharmacologic prevention of the progression from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes: favorable effects of metformin and acarbose]. Revue medicale de Liege, 2001, Volume: 56, Issue:10 Topics: Acarbose; Adult; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet; Disease Progression; Exercise; Female; Gluco	2001

metformin and Disease Exacerbation