mercaptopurine and Uveitis

The diagnosis and management of uveitis is complicated and challenging. The protean signs and symptoms seen in patients with uveitis may lead to a diagnostic dilemma. A carefully taken history with particular attention to demographic factors and meticulous physical examination are crucial to guiding diagnostic testing. Tailoring the diagnostic approach in patients with uveitis frequently yields useful data in contrast to blanketing every possible uveitic entity. It is also important to distinguish among various aetiologies, including infectious and neoplastic causes which may respond to specific therapy. Medical treatment of noninfectious uveitis must have clear objectives including reduction of inflammation, relief of symptoms and restoration of visual functioning. Familiarity with possible symptoms and signs of adverse drug reactions is essential early in the course of treatment so that their effects may be minimised. Appropriate therapy of presumed autoimmune uveitis is based on disease severity, presence or absence of bilateral disease and the health status of the patient.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporins; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Uveitis

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Cyclophosphamide; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Hepatitis; Humans; Immune Complex Diseases; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infections; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Nephrotic Syndrome; Ophthalmia, Sympathetic; Psoriasis; Thioguanine; Uveitis

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Chlorambucil; Choroiditis; Corneal Transplantation; Deafness; Eye Diseases; Graves Disease; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Meningoencephalitis; Mercaptopurine; Multiple Sclerosis; Ophthalmia, Sympathetic; Postoperative Care; Retinal Detachment; Retinal Hemorrhage; Uveitis

Topics: Anatomy; Arthritis; Autoantibodies; Betamethasone; Dexamethasone; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Epidemiology; Histoplasmosis; Hypersensitivity; Melanoma; Mercaptopurine; Oxyphenbutazone; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Phenothiazines; Physiology; Prednisolone; Prednisone; Sarcoidosis; Toxicology; Toxoplasmosis; Triamcinolone; Uvea; Uveitis; Virus Diseases

An egg albumin uveitis of the Arthus active type was developed in the rabbit. The experimental conditions were investigated in detail with regard to the following factors: influence of the number of sensitizing injections on serum antibody production, length of the recovery period which elapsed between sensitization and challenge, and influence of the size of the challenging dose on the severity of the inflammatory response. To develop the procedure optimally, emphasis was given to criteria of evaluation. Refractive index, protein and immunoglobulin assays in the aqueous humor of inflamed eyes were significantly correlated. These objective measures were considered more reliable than arbitrary grading systems. In addition, supportive histopathologic observations have been made in rabbit eyes. The above studies led to a reproducible model of uveitis in which drugs were tested topically. Dexamethasone phosphate in solution and indomethacin in suspension were effective in a dose-related manner. 6-Mercaptopurine did not demonstrate a useful anti-inflammatory effect.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Antibodies; Aqueous Humor; Arthus Reaction; Dexamethasone; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Eye Proteins; Female; Immunoglobulins; Indomethacin; Male; Mercaptopurine; Ovalbumin; Rabbits; Uveitis

Topics: Absorption; Animals; Chromium Isotopes; Cortisone; Erythrocytes; Eye Diseases; Hemoglobins; Hemorrhage; Hypersensitivity; Infections; Inflammation; Injections; Iron; Mercaptopurine; Prednisolone; Rabbits; Uveitis; Vitreous Body

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Chlorambucil; Crystallins; Female; Hemagglutination Tests; Humans; Male; Mercaptopurine; Middle Aged; Uveitis

Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic; Culture Techniques; Cyclophosphamide; Cytarabine; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Lectins; Leukemia; Lymphocytes; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Neoplasms; Prednisolone; Smallpox Vaccine; Uveitis; Vincristine

Topics: Antimetabolites; Humans; Inflammation; Leukemia; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Neoplasms; Uveitis

Topics: Adult; Chorioretinitis; Humans; Mercaptopurine; Middle Aged; Uveitis; Uveitis, Anterior

Topics: Antibodies; Antigens; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Leukemia; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Neoplasms; Prednisone; Uveitis; Vincristine

Experimental uveitis in rabbits was induced by single intraocular antigen injection. Treatment with 6-MP for 14 days suppressed the allergic inflammation and antibody response. A good correlation was demonstrated between the degree of uveitis and the antibody titer.

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Hypersensitivity; Mercaptopurine; Rabbits; Uveitis