mercaptopurine and Abnormalities--Radiation-Induced

Disturbances in dental development were studied with the use of radiography and histology in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was treated with induction chemotherapy at 2.3 years of age and bone marrow transplantation at 4.3 years of age. The follow-up 9.5 years after bone marrow transplantation showed evidence of short tapered roots, enamel hypoplasia, microdontia, and aplasia. A histologic examination of two extracted permanent teeth showed that the crown of the maxillary lateral incisor exhibited numerous incremental lines that corresponded closely to the treatment periods with cytotoxic drugs. The maxillary second premolar exhibited regularly spaced incremental lines in the enamel and dentine. A gross hypoplasia was seen in the cervical part of the crown corresponding to the time of administration of 10 Gy total body irradiation. The results indicate that chemotherapy mainly induces qualitative disturbances in dentine and enamel, whereas total body irradiation induces both qualitative and quantitative changes.

Topics: Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced; Amelogenesis; Antineoplastic Agents; Asparaginase; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Cytarabine; Dental Arch; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; Dentinogenesis; Doxorubicin; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Maxillofacial Development; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Odontogenesis; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Remission Induction; Tooth Eruption; Tooth Root; Vincristine; Whole-Body Irradiation