menotropins and Uterine-Neoplasms

Case reports of ovarian tumors in women undergoing fertility treatment have raised questions about the potential neoplastic effects of ovulation-induction agents used in the treatment of infertility. This has been the subject of much debate, media coverage and patient alarm. An increased risk of malignant epithelial ovarian cancer, borderline epithelial ovarian tumors, and nonepithelial ovarian cancer have been reported in association with the use of fertility drugs. Further review of the literature reveals that there are limitations to the studies reporting this association and indicates that further research is needed before a causal relationship can be established.

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Case-Control Studies; Clomiphene; Female; Fertility Agents, Female; Humans; Incidence; Infertility, Female; Menotropins; Middle Aged; Ovulation Induction; Parity; Pregnancy; Research; Risk Factors; Uterine Neoplasms

A case of a triplet pregnancy involving a dizygous twin pregnancy and a complete hydatidiform mole after therapy with human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin is reported. Two female fetuses, two placentas in one mass with two amnions and two chorions, and a tumor mass with a grapelike appearance were spontaneously delivered at 19 weeks of gestation. The deoxyribonucleic acid fingerprints of the two placentas and tumor tissue were compared with those of the parents. The fingerprints of the placentas showed patterns different from each other; however, all their polymorphic fragments could be traced back to either the father or mother. All polymorphic fragments of the tumor tissue were inherited only from the father (androgenesis). These results indicated that this triplet pregnancy involved a dizygous twin pregnancy and a complete hydatidiform mole.

Topics: Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; DNA Fingerprinting; Female; Humans; Hydatidiform Mole; Infant, Newborn; Menotropins; Ovulation Induction; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Multiple; Twins, Dizygotic; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Blastocyst; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Leiomyoma; Luteinizing Hormone; Menotropins; Pregnancy; Prolactin; Rabbits; Rats; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: Age Factors; Arteriosclerosis; Arthritis; Breast Neoplasms; Contraception; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Estrogens; Family Planning Services; Female; Humans; Menopause; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis; Racial Groups; Research; Uterine Neoplasms

The relationship between fibroids and infertility remains an unsolved question, and management of intramural fibroids is controversial. During the implantation phase, uterine peristalsis is dramatically reduced, which is thought to facilitate embryo implantation. Our aims were to evaluate (i) the occurrence and frequency of uterine peristalsis in infertile women with intramural fibroids and (ii) whether the presence of uterine peristalsis decreases the pregnancy rate.. Ninety-five infertile patients with uterine fibroids were examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Inclusion criteria were as follows: (i) presence of intramural fibroids, excluding submucosal type; (ii) no other significant infertility factors (excluding endometriosis); and (iii) regular menstrual cycles, and MRI performed at the time of implantation (luteal phase day 5-9). The frequency of junctional zone movement was evaluated using cine-mode-display MRI. After MRI, patients underwent infertility treatment for up to 4 months, and the pregnancy rate was evaluated prospectively.. Fifty-one patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 29 (57%) and 22 (43%) patients were assigned to the low (0 or 1 time/3 min) or high frequency (≥ 2 times/3 min) uterine peristalsis group, respectively. Endometriosis incidence was the same in both groups. Ten out of the 29 patients (34%) in the low-frequency group achieved pregnancy, compared with none of the 22 patients (0%) in the high-frequency group (P< 0.005). Comparing pregnant and non-pregnant cases, 4 of 10 patients (40%) and 9 of 41 patients (22%), respectively, had endometriosis (not significant).. A higher frequency of uterine peristalsis during the mid-luteal phase might be one of the causes of infertility associated with intramural-type fibroids.

Topics: Adult; Clomiphene; Endometriosis; Female; Fertility Agents, Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Leiomyoma; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Menotropins; Ovulation Induction; Peristalsis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; Pregnancy Rate; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Uterine Neoplasms

Several studies have shown that gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) offers a promising medical approach in the treatment of uterine leiomyomas. Medical management is very important especially when fertility is desired. We report on a case with mechanical infertility, in which the right tube was obstructed by cornual myoma and the left tube was resected due to a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. The myoma was reduced in size by GnRHa treatment and the patient subsequently conceived.

Topics: Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Humans; Leiomyoma; Menotropins; Pregnancy; Triptorelin Pamoate; Ultrasonography, Prenatal; Uterine Neoplasms

The CA-125-antigen could not only be identified in the epithelium of serous ovarian carcinoma, but also in the regular surface epithelium of the endometrium, the decidua and the peritoneum. The aim of this study was, to examine the pattern of CA-125 in the serum of women at early stages of pregnancy, after hMG/hCG-stimulation and subsequent insemination, IVF or GIFT. In particular, it was differentiated between simple or twin pregnancies, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and mole pregnancies. 16 patients, who spontaneously became pregnant after cyclus-monitoring, served as a control group. Among the total of 77 patients, 16 women with single pregnancies without stimulation showed an increase of CA-125 values to maximum amounts of 42.9 +/- 18.8 U/ml in the 8th week. 21 patients with single pregnancies after hMG/hCG-treatment and IVF, exhibited maximums of 97.5 +/- 66.8 U/ml in the 6th week, in cases of twins (n = 10) of 216.8 +/- 85.1 U/ml in the 7th week. Considering the group with the hMG/hCG-stimulation and following insemination (n = 20), maximum values of 91.4 +/- 57.3 U/ml were found in the 6th week, just as in the IVF-group. In cases of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (n = 5) as well as in such of a mole pregnancy (n = 5), drastically elevated values of 9519 and 1496 U/ml respectively, have been demonstrated. The decidua is regarded as a presumable source of high antigen levels in normal pregnancy, while the peritoneum is assumed to be such as for the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Concerning mole pregnancy, the antigen levels could possibly emerge from the amniotic fluid.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer; Humans; Hydatidiform Mole; Infertility, Female; Menotropins; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Pregnancy, Multiple; Prospective Studies; Radioimmunoassay; Reference Values; Uterine Neoplasms

A 31-year-old woman is described with PCOD associated with endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Conservative treatment with ovulation induction was pursued for a total of 3 1/2 years. After CC treatment failed to achieve conception, treatment with menotropins resulted in a twin pregnancy that aborted spontaneously and a singleton term pregnancy. Hysterectomy was performed 4 1/2 years after the initial diagnosis of well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma was made. Histologic examination of the endometrium showed no progression of the disease. Ovulation induction of patients with polycystic ovaries and well-differentiated and noninvasive endometrial adenocarcinoma may be justified in properly selected cases.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Endometrial Hyperplasia; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Menotropins; Ovulation Induction; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Uterine Neoplasms

A 34-year-old patient, gravida 7, para 0, with three consecutive spontaneous abortions followed by four recurrent molar pregnancies is described. The patient conceived only with clomiphene citrate or human gonadotropin treatment. The occurrence of molar pregnancies succeeded spontaneous abortions with one remaining pregnancy progressing to gestational trophoblastic disease. The role of clomiphene citrate and human gonadotropins in the pathogenesis of this disease is discussed.

Topics: Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Clomiphene; Female; Humans; Hydatidiform Mole; Menotropins; Ovulation Induction; Pregnancy; Recurrence; Uterine Neoplasms

A patient who had undergone therapy with human menopausal gonadotropin had a coexistent complete hydatidiform mole and fetus. This report is the first published account of such a case.

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hydatidiform Mole; Menotropins; Pregnancy; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: Antibodies; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Humans; Menotropins; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; Trophoblastic Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms

The recovery of the ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation after molar abortion was investigated in relation to the serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level. Thirteen women with an aborted mole were given 225 IU of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) per day for 3 consecutive days, and their serum levels of estradiol (E2) were determined by radioimmunoassay on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after hMG administration. Women with serum hCG levels of less than 200 mIU/ml exhibited a normal increase in serum E2 levels in response to hMG, whereas women with serum hCG levels of 2000 mIU/ml or more did not show any change after hMG administration. These findings suggest that a serum level of hCG in excess of 2000 mIU/ml prevents normal ovarian E2 responsiveness to exogenous gonadotropin stimulation.

Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Estradiol; Female; Humans; Hydatidiform Mole; Menotropins; Ovary; Pregnancy; Uterine Neoplasms

Proliferating tumor cells obtained from ovarian, mammary, and endometrial tumors in tissue culture were tested for the influence of proteohormones and steroid hormones on cellular DNA synthesis and cell growth. The gonadotropic hormones stimulated DNA synthesis of ovarian tumor cells by single administration, or in combination with cortisol, up to the 11-fold of the comparable controls. The hormone sensitivity of the cell lines was variable, resulting in individual reaction patterns. There was no correlation to the histological diagnosis of the primary tumors with respect to the grade of differentiation. The results suggest that ovarian tumor cells in tissue culture can maintain sensitivity to organotropic hormones. Compared to the ovarian carcinoma lines, mammary or endometrial tumor cells did not respond to a similar extent. Progesterone decreased DNA synthesis of endometrial carcinoma cells.

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Cell Division; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Culture Techniques; DNA, Neoplasm; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Hormones; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Menotropins; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent; Ovarian Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: Clomiphene; Endometriosis; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Menotropins; Ovarian Diseases; Ovulation; Pregnancy; Uterine Cervical Incompetence; Uterine Neoplasms