menotropins and Menopause--Premature

This article describes the different etiologies and clinical aspects of precocious menopause as well as the investigations necessary to differentiate between a syndrome of resistant ovaries and pituitary tumors. Therapeutic aspects such as estrogen substitution and oocyte donation are discussed.

Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Humans; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins

Topics: Age Factors; Arteriosclerosis; Arthritis; Breast Neoplasms; Contraception; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Estrogens; Family Planning Services; Female; Humans; Menopause; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis; Racial Groups; Research; Uterine Neoplasms

It has been previously reported that a group of 12 infertile women, who had a normal baseline hormonal profile and did not respond to repeated ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophins, developed ovarian failure within a few months. Based on this observation, we carried out a controlled retrospective cohort study to examine whether non-response to ovarian stimulation is linked to early ovarian failure.. All patients aged 35-40 years who had cancelled IVF cycles for non-response between 1991 and 1993 in our centre were asked to report on the subsequent development of menopausal symptoms, menopause or commencement of hormone replacement therapy. A control group consisted of patients with the same age and similar medical history, who had IVF the same year and responded well.. Eleven out of the 12 patients of the non-response group developed menopausal symptoms within 7 years, compared with only four out of 24 in the control group. Similarly, eight out of 12 non-responders either went into menopause or started using hormone replacement therapy compared with one out of 24 in the control group. Using Fisher's exact test, the differences were highly significant (P < 0.0001). The median age at development of menopausal symptoms in the study group was 40 years (range 38-45). The median time between non-response and development of menopausal symptoms was 4 years (range 1-7).. We carried out a controlled retrospective cohort study that showed a strong association between an extremely poor response to ovarian hyperstimulation and early ovarian failure.

Topics: Adult; Aging; Cohort Studies; Drug Resistance; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Menopause; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Ovulation Induction; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency; Reference Values; Retrospective Studies

Three cases including two sisters and one brother with blepharophimosis are described. Their father also had blepharophimosis. Moreover, the elder sister initially presented with resistant ovary syndrome and thereafter true premature menopause, while the younger one presented with resistant ovary syndrome. The explanation for the association of blepharophimosis with primary ovarian dysfunction is unknown, but the possibility of a microdeletion of genetic material containing two geographically associated, but independent genes could not be confirmed or excluded. All families affected by blepharophimosis should be counselled about the high incidence of ovarian dysfunction and female infertility, at least in one form of the syndrome.

Topics: Adult; Blepharophimosis; Clomiphene; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Infertility, Female; Karyotyping; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Ovarian Diseases

Topics: Adult; Danazol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Ovarian Diseases; Pregnancy

We report the case of a 35-year-old woman with premature ovarian failure that was documented at 29 years of age, who wanted to conceive. Although she failed to respond to high doses of menotropin therapy, she ovulated and conceived after she took an oral contraceptive. The oral contraceptive was used to reduce the elevated level of gonadotropins in an effort to restore receptors to the luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, which theoretically may have been down-regulated.

Topics: Adult; Amenorrhea; Contraceptives, Oral; Estradiol; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Menopause; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Norethindrone; Pregnancy

A case is described of a woman with ovarian failure and documented atrophic ovaries in whom ovulation was achieved with the use of high-dose estrogen and human menopausal gonadotropins. The proposed mechanism involves a reduction in the elevated gonadotropins, which restored an adequate number of receptors. Thus sensitivity to exogenous menotropins was reestablished.

Topics: Adult; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Humans; Menopause; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Ovary; Ovulation Induction; Pregnancy

The case of a patient with gonadotropin-resistant ovary syndrome is discussed. Ovulation was successfully induced by the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin and by estrogen replacement therapy. A total of three pregnancies occurred. The first two pregnancies resulted in blighted ova. The third pregnancy resulted in a normal term delivery.

Topics: Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Drug Resistance; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Medroxyprogesterone; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Osteoporosis; Ovarian Diseases; Ovulation; Pregnancy

Etiologic factors in hypergonadotropic hypogonadism are discussed. On the basis of these data a classification system is proposed for women with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism to be used in future investigations of the natural history of this disorder. The classification system can also be used in attempts at therapeutic intervention in these women. Recommendations for clinical management and future studies of women with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism are provided.

Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Hypogonadism; Infertility, Female; Karyotyping; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Ovarian Diseases; Radiation Dosage

Topics: Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Humans; Menopause; Menopause, Premature; Menotropins; Pregnancy; Syndrome