menaquinone-6 and Actinomycetales-Infections

A Gram-positive, coccoid, non-endospore-forming actinobacterium (strain CCUG 35676(T)) was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid from a 24-year-old woman in Gothenborg, Sweden. Based on pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain CCUG 35676(T) was shown to belong to the genus Dietzia and was most closely related to the type strains of Dietzia aerolata (99.3%), Dietzia lutea (98.8%), Dietzia schimae (98.5%), Dietzia maris (98.5%), Dietzia alimentaria (98.3%) and Dietzia cercidiphylli (98.0%). The major menaquinone was MK-8(H(2)). Major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unidentified aminophospholipid (APL1), an unidentified phospholipid (PL1) and unidentified glycolipids (GL1 and GL3). Numerous other lipids were also detected. The fatty acid profile, comprising C(16:0), C(17:0,) C(18:1)ω9c and 10-methyl-C(18:0) as major fatty acids, supported the affiliation of strain CCUG 35676(T) to the genus Dietzia. On the basis of the results of physiological and biochemical tests and DNA-DNA hybridizations, a clear phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of strain CCUG 35676(T) from the most closely related Dietzia species is possible. Strain CCUG 35676(T) represents a novel species, for which the name Dietzia aurantiaca sp. nov. is proposed, with CCUG 35676(T) (=JCM 17645(T)) as the type strain.

Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Female; Glycolipids; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Spores, Bacterial; Sweden; Vitamin K 2

Novel actinobacterial strains, PAGU 1247(T), PAGU 1251 and PAGU 1252, were isolated from the skin of atopic dermatitis patients and were characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that these isolates were located within the family Dermacoccaceae. The most closely related species of PAGU 1247(T) in phylogenetic terms was Branchiibius hedensis Mer 29717(T), with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 99.6%, although the DNA-DNA relatedness value was less than 43.9%. Some biochemical traits, such as lipase (C14) and α-galactosidase activity, could distinguish these isolates from B. hedensis. Strain PAGU 1247(T) contained iso-C(16:0) and brC(18:0) as the major fatty acids. The quinone system consisted of menaquinone MK-8(H(6) and H(4)). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 67.6mol%. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and genetic distinctiveness, strains PAGU 1247(T), PAGU 1251 and PAGU 1252 represents a novel species of the genus Branchiibius, for which the name Branchiibius cervicis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PAGU 1247(T) (=NBRC 106593(T)=DSM 24166(T)).

Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Adolescent; Adult; Base Composition; Cell Wall; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dermatitis, Atopic; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Female; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Male; Neck; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Ribotyping; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Vitamin K 2; Young Adult

Seven strains of actinobacteria, isolated from soil, wounds, urine, cow faeces, human blood and butter, were characterized by a polyphasic approach to clarify their taxonomic position. On the basis of chemotaxonomy, 16S rRNA gene analysis and DNA relatedness, strain IAM 14851T can be classified within the cluster of the genus Leucobacter and is proposed as a novel species, Leucobacter albus sp. nov., with strain IAM 14851T (=TISTR 1515T) as the type strain. The other six strains formed a phylogenetically separate branch in the family Microbacteriaceae, having the following characteristics: the major menaquinones are MK-8 to MK-10, the DNA G + C content ranges from 62 to 68 mol%, the diamino acid in the cell wall is diaminobutyric acid and the muramic acid in the peptidoglycan is of the acetyl type. The major fatty acids are 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (anteiso-C(15 : 0)), hexadecanoic acid (C(16 : 0)), 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid (iso-C(16 : 0)) and 14-methyl-hexadecanoic acid (anteiso-C(17 : 0)). On the basis of morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, together with DNA-DNA hybridization and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, the novel genus Zimmermannella gen. nov. is proposed for these six strains. Four novel species are proposed: Zimmermannella helvola sp. nov. (type species; type strain IAM 14726T = NBRC 15775T = DSM 20419T = TISTR 1509T), Zimmermannella alba sp. nov. (type strain IAM 14724T = NBRC 15616T = TISTR 1510T), Zimmermannella bifida sp. nov. (type strain IAM 14848T = TISTR 1511T) and Zimmermannella faecalis sp. nov. (type strain IAM 15030T = NBRC 15706T = ATCC 13722T = TISTR 1514T).

Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Blood; Butter; Cattle; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Feces; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molecular Sequence Data; Muramic Acids; Peptidoglycan; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Urine; Vitamin K 2; Wounds and Injuries