melatonin and Chronic Insomnia studies

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To observe the clinical efficacy of Tiaoshen needling (dredging Governor Vessel and regulating mind)in the treatment of chronic insomnia (CI) and its effect on plasma melatonin (MT) and cortisol (CORT) levels, so as to explore its underlying mechanism."	9.41	[Effect of Tiaoshen needling on plasma melatonin and cortisol in patients with chronic insomnia]. ( Li, JH; Liu, CY; Qin, S; Wang, XQ; Wu, WZ; Xi, HQ; Xu, L; Zhao, YN; Zheng, SY, 2021)
"This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of melatonin in treating insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)."	9.41	Efficacy of Melatonin for Insomnia in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis. ( He, R; Li, F; Li, W; Liu, Z; Shen, H; Wei, L; Xie, X; Xiong, M, 2023)
"To assess the efficacy and safety of novel pediatric-appropriate, prolonged-release melatonin minitablets (PedPRM) versus placebo for insomnia in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with or without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity, and neurogenetic disorders (NGD)."	9.24	Efficacy and Safety of Pediatric Prolonged-Release Melatonin for Insomnia in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. ( Breddy, J; Findling, RL; Frydman-Marom, A; Gringras, P; Nir, T, 2017)
"Melatonin preparations are emerging first-line pharmacotherapy for insomnia in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but quality, formulation, consistency, dosing, and limited long-term safety data are of concern."	9.22	Assessing the potential for drug interactions and long term safety of melatonin for the treatment of insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder. ( Zisapel, N, 2022)
"We conducted systematic reviews and meta-analyses to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin versus placebo or other hypnotic agents in improving sleep quality and quantity in patients with chronic insomnia."	9.22	Efficacy of melatonin for chronic insomnia: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. ( Choi, K; Je, NK; Lee, YJ; Park, S; Suh, HS, 2022)
"Eleven prepubertal, developmentally normal children aged 6-11 years with epilepsy were randomized by a software algorithm to receive placebo or a 9-mg sustained release (SR) melatonin formulation for four weeks, followed by a one-week washout and a four-week crossover condition."	9.20	Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. ( Beebe, DW; Byars, AW; Glauser, TA; Holland, K; Horn, PS; Jain, SV; Simakajornboon, N, 2015)
"To assess an effect of melatonin on quality of life and effectiveness of rehabilitation in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) suffered from insomnia due to sleep initiation disturbance."	9.20	[Melatonin in the correction of sleep in post-stroke patients]. ( Davidov, NP; Ivanova, DS; Kuznetsov, AN; Vinogradov, OI, 2015)
"The purpose is to examine the effects of melatonin supplementation on sleep, mood, and hot flashes in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors."	9.19	A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin on breast cancer survivors: impact on sleep, mood, and hot flashes. ( Chen, WY; Gantman, K; Giobbie-Hurder, A; Parker, LM; Savoie, J; Scheib, R; Schernhammer, ES, 2014)
"Melatonin treatment in persons with ID and chronic insomnia decreases daytime challenging behaviour, probably by improving sleep maintenance or by improving circadian melatonin rhythmicity."	9.14	Melatonin decreases daytime challenging behaviour in persons with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia. ( Braam, W; Curfs, LM; Didden, R; Korzilius, H; Maas, AP; Smits, MG, 2010)
"Previous studies suggested that melatonin improves sleep in insomniac patients with Angelman syndrome."	9.13	Melatonin for chronic insomnia in Angelman syndrome: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. ( Braam, W; Curfs, LM; Didden, R; Smits, MG, 2008)
"We describe our experience in using melatonin to treat insomnia, a common sleep concern, in children with autism spectrum disorders."	9.13	Melatonin for insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorders. ( Andersen, IM; Kaczmarska, J; Malow, BA; McGrew, SG, 2008)
"Accumulating evidence indicates decreased melatonin levels in patients with schizophrenia."	9.09	Melatonin improves sleep quality of patients with chronic schizophrenia. ( Anis, Y; Barak, Y; Elizur, A; Laudon, M; Rotenberg, V; Shamir, E; Zisapel, N, 2000)
"The effects of exogenous, supraphysiologic doses of melatonin on the total sleep time and daytime alertness of patients with chronic insomnia was examined in a double blind, single crossover study."	9.07	The effects of exogenous melatonin on the total sleep time and daytime alertness of chronic insomniacs: a preliminary study. ( Brown, GM; Cleghorn, JM; MacFarlane, JG; Streiner, DL, 1991)
"In this study, we aimed to measure the melatonin levels in COVID-19 positive patients and to investigate the relationship of these levels with depression, death anxiety and insomnia."	8.31	Melatonin levels are low in COVID-19 positive patients and these levels are associated with depression, death anxiety and insomnia. ( Öner, P; Yılmaz, S, 2023)
"Overall, the patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer had poorer sleep quality, higher depression levels, lower salivary melatonin levels, higher cortisol levels, and flatter melatonin and cortisol slopes than did the controls."	7.85	Relationships of salivary cortisol and melatonin rhythms to sleep quality, emotion, and fatigue levels in patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer. ( Chang, WP; Lin, CC, 2017)
"Of 15 patients with disappearing effectiveness of melatonin, seven were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, and in four of them a SNP was found."	7.79	CYP1A2 polymorphisms in slow melatonin metabolisers: a possible relationship with autism spectrum disorder? ( Braam, W; Curfs, L; Didden, R; Keijzer, H; Smits, M; Struijker Boudier, H, 2013)
"The results of the multicenter open-label observational study of the efficacy and safety of the Melaxen (melatonin) for the treatment of disordered sleep in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia are presented."	7.78	[The results of Russian multicenter open-label observational study of the efficacy and safety of мelaxen (melatonin) for the treatment of disordered sleep in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia]. ( Bel'skaia, GN; Boĭko, AN; Doronin, BM; Gustov, AV; Iakupov, EZ; Levin, IaI; Poluéktov, MG; Poverennova, IE; Skoromets, AA; Spirin, NN, 2012)
"The results of the present study indicate that endogenous melatonin sleep-promoting action seems to be compromised in schizophrenia."	7.77	Sleep-promoting action of the endogenous melatonin in schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. ( Afonso, P; Figueira, ML; Paiva, T, 2011)
"This study presents the use of melatonin to treat severe circadian sleep-wake disturbances in 6 adults with autism."	7.75	Melatonin in treatment of chronic sleep disorders in adults with autism: a retrospective study. ( Bertschy, G; Deriaz, N; Galli-Carminati, G, 2009)
"The effects of melatonin (MLT) therapy on insomnia and serum MLT concentration were studied in a 44-year-old man with Machado-Joseph disease."	7.70	[Effective melatonin therapy in a case of Machado-Joseph disease with insomnia]. ( Hamada, T; Okawa, M; Sasaki, H; Takei, A; Tashiro, K, 2000)
" Reduced benzodiazepine dosage at the 24-week follow-up was associated with a significantly decreased proportion of stage 2 sleep."	6.82	Objective and subjective sleep quality: Melatonin versus placebo add-on treatment in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder withdrawing from long-term benzodiazepine use. ( Baandrup, L; Glenthøj, BY; Jennum, PJ, 2016)
"Melatonin treatment improves some aspects of chronic sleep disturbance in individuals with ID."	6.73	Melatonin treatment in individuals with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled study. ( Braam, W; Curfs, L; Didden, R; Smits, M, 2008)
"Melatonin has been used for improving sleep in patients with insomnia mainly because it does not cause hangover or show any addictive potential."	6.48	Melatonin and its analogs in insomnia and depression. ( Brown, GM; Brzezinski, A; Cardinali, DP; Srinivasan, V, 2012)
"To observe the acupoint compatibility effect of Shenmen (HT7) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) in improving daytime fatigue and sleepiness of insomnia, and its mechanism in regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and suprachiasmatic nucleus-pineal gland-melatonin (SCN-PG-MT) system."	5.51	[Acupoint compatibility effect and mechanism of Shenmen (HT7) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) in improving daytime fatigue and sleepiness of insomnia]. ( Du, L; Li, ZW; Song, XJ; Wu, P; Zhu, YH, 2022)
"Both insomnia and its treatment can lead to the development of delirium in older adults."	5.48	Delirium associated with only one dose of zopiclone in an older adult. ( Isik, AT; Kalan, U; Soysal, P, 2018)
"To observe the clinical efficacy of Tiaoshen needling (dredging Governor Vessel and regulating mind)in the treatment of chronic insomnia (CI) and its effect on plasma melatonin (MT) and cortisol (CORT) levels, so as to explore its underlying mechanism."	5.41	[Effect of Tiaoshen needling on plasma melatonin and cortisol in patients with chronic insomnia]. ( Li, JH; Liu, CY; Qin, S; Wang, XQ; Wu, WZ; Xi, HQ; Xu, L; Zhao, YN; Zheng, SY, 2021)
"This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of melatonin in treating insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)."	5.41	Efficacy of Melatonin for Insomnia in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis. ( He, R; Li, F; Li, W; Liu, Z; Shen, H; Wei, L; Xie, X; Xiong, M, 2023)
"Melatonin has a key role in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, so this raised the hypothesis that alterations in the metabolism of melatonin might play an important role in the development of delirium."	5.38	[Delirium, insomnia in hospitalization and ramelteon]. ( Ito, T, 2012)
"To assess the efficacy and safety of novel pediatric-appropriate, prolonged-release melatonin minitablets (PedPRM) versus placebo for insomnia in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with or without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity, and neurogenetic disorders (NGD)."	5.24	Efficacy and Safety of Pediatric Prolonged-Release Melatonin for Insomnia in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. ( Breddy, J; Findling, RL; Frydman-Marom, A; Gringras, P; Nir, T, 2017)
"Melatonin preparations are emerging first-line pharmacotherapy for insomnia in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but quality, formulation, consistency, dosing, and limited long-term safety data are of concern."	5.22	Assessing the potential for drug interactions and long term safety of melatonin for the treatment of insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder. ( Zisapel, N, 2022)
"We conducted systematic reviews and meta-analyses to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin versus placebo or other hypnotic agents in improving sleep quality and quantity in patients with chronic insomnia."	5.22	Efficacy of melatonin for chronic insomnia: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. ( Choi, K; Je, NK; Lee, YJ; Park, S; Suh, HS, 2022)
"Eleven prepubertal, developmentally normal children aged 6-11 years with epilepsy were randomized by a software algorithm to receive placebo or a 9-mg sustained release (SR) melatonin formulation for four weeks, followed by a one-week washout and a four-week crossover condition."	5.20	Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. ( Beebe, DW; Byars, AW; Glauser, TA; Holland, K; Horn, PS; Jain, SV; Simakajornboon, N, 2015)
"To assess an effect of melatonin on quality of life and effectiveness of rehabilitation in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) suffered from insomnia due to sleep initiation disturbance."	5.20	[Melatonin in the correction of sleep in post-stroke patients]. ( Davidov, NP; Ivanova, DS; Kuznetsov, AN; Vinogradov, OI, 2015)
"The purpose is to examine the effects of melatonin supplementation on sleep, mood, and hot flashes in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors."	5.19	A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin on breast cancer survivors: impact on sleep, mood, and hot flashes. ( Chen, WY; Gantman, K; Giobbie-Hurder, A; Parker, LM; Savoie, J; Scheib, R; Schernhammer, ES, 2014)
" In this context, melatonin becomes an attractive treatment option for myofascial TMD pain."	5.17	Analgesic and sedative effects of melatonin in temporomandibular disorders: a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. ( Caumo, W; Custódio de Souza, IC; Fregni, F; Torres, IL; Vidor, LP, 2013)
"gov, identifier: NCT00238108; trial name: Melatonin Supplements for Improving Sleep in Individuals with Hypertension; URL: http://www."	5.16	Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. ( Garcia, JI; Kelly, EE; Malhotra, A; Marks, J; Morris, CJ; Scheer, FA; Shea, SA; Smales, C, 2012)
"To evaluate the long-term safety and subjective sleep effects of ramelteon in adults with chronic insomnia."	5.14	Safety and subjective sleep effects of ramelteon administration in adults and older adults with chronic primary insomnia: a 1-year, open-label study. ( Richardson, GS; Wang-Weigand, S; Zammit, G; Zhang, J, 2009)
"Melatonin treatment in persons with ID and chronic insomnia decreases daytime challenging behaviour, probably by improving sleep maintenance or by improving circadian melatonin rhythmicity."	5.14	Melatonin decreases daytime challenging behaviour in persons with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia. ( Braam, W; Curfs, LM; Didden, R; Korzilius, H; Maas, AP; Smits, MG, 2010)
"Previous studies suggested that melatonin improves sleep in insomniac patients with Angelman syndrome."	5.13	Melatonin for chronic insomnia in Angelman syndrome: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. ( Braam, W; Curfs, LM; Didden, R; Smits, MG, 2008)
"We describe our experience in using melatonin to treat insomnia, a common sleep concern, in children with autism spectrum disorders."	5.13	Melatonin for insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorders. ( Andersen, IM; Kaczmarska, J; Malow, BA; McGrew, SG, 2008)
" To find evidence related to the study objective, Iranian databases (SID, Magiran) and international databases (Google scholar, Web of Science, ProQuest, Medline via PubMed, Scopus) were searched using specified keywords (Melatonin, Sleep, insomnia, Cancer, Neoplasms, Carcinomas, Tumor, Carcinomatosis, Carcinomatoses, Sarcomas) from the beginning of the establishment of the mentioned databases until 31st December of 2020."	5.12	The effect of melatonin on sleep quality and insomnia in patients with cancer: a systematic review study. ( Bagheri-Nesami, M; Jafari-Koulaee, A, 2021)
"Accumulating evidence indicates decreased melatonin levels in patients with schizophrenia."	5.09	Melatonin improves sleep quality of patients with chronic schizophrenia. ( Anis, Y; Barak, Y; Elizur, A; Laudon, M; Rotenberg, V; Shamir, E; Zisapel, N, 2000)
"The effects of exogenous, supraphysiologic doses of melatonin on the total sleep time and daytime alertness of patients with chronic insomnia was examined in a double blind, single crossover study."	5.07	The effects of exogenous melatonin on the total sleep time and daytime alertness of chronic insomniacs: a preliminary study. ( Brown, GM; Cleghorn, JM; MacFarlane, JG; Streiner, DL, 1991)
"Despite a very limited number of specific studies on this matter, all 4 studies have shown good benefit/risk ratios and reviewed options-melatonin, paliperidone, and eszopiclone-might represent valid options for residual insomnia in schizophrenia."	5.01	Treatment Options for Insomnia in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review. ( Coroa, M; Madeira, N; Oliveira, P, 2019)
" The use of melatonin in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder has been well studied and is associated with a positive effect on sleep in this patient group."	4.98	[Pharmacotherapy for children and adolescents with sleep disorders: an overview]. ( Grau, K; Plener, PL, 2018)
"Patients with bipolar disorder show altered rhythmicity in body temperature and melatonin rhythms, high day-to-day variability in activity and sleep timing, persistent disturbances of sleep or wake cycles, including disturbances of sleep continuity."	4.90	Circadian rhythms and sleep in bipolar disorder: implications for pathophysiology and treatment. ( Soreca, I, 2014)
"There are a number of studies that suggest a relationship between decline of melatonin function and the symptoms of dementia."	4.83	Melatonin for cognitive impairment. ( Duncan, V; Forbes, DA; Jansen, SL; Morgan, DG, 2006)
"In this study, we aimed to measure the melatonin levels in COVID-19 positive patients and to investigate the relationship of these levels with depression, death anxiety and insomnia."	4.31	Melatonin levels are low in COVID-19 positive patients and these levels are associated with depression, death anxiety and insomnia. ( Öner, P; Yılmaz, S, 2023)
"Melatonin and melatonin agonists offer novel treatments for sleep and mood disorders, particularly where circadian misalignment is also present."	3.91	Advances of Melatonin-Based Therapies in the Treatment of Disturbed Sleep and Mood. ( Alston, M; Cain, SW; Rajaratnam, SMW, 2019)
"Overall, the patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer had poorer sleep quality, higher depression levels, lower salivary melatonin levels, higher cortisol levels, and flatter melatonin and cortisol slopes than did the controls."	3.85	Relationships of salivary cortisol and melatonin rhythms to sleep quality, emotion, and fatigue levels in patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer. ( Chang, WP; Lin, CC, 2017)
"The melatonin levels decreased with aging despite not reaching statistical significance, and the decrease was more evident in males than in females (40."	3.80	Melatonin and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI): the Treviso Longeva (Trelong) study. ( Albani, D; Boldrini, P; Caberlotto, L; Di Giorgi, E; Durante, E; Flores-Obando, R; Forloni, G; Frigato, A; Gallucci, M; Mazzuco, S; Ongaro, F; Siculi, M; Taioli, E; Zanardo, A, 2014)
"A total of 428 patients with insomnia aged 55 years and older received placebo (2 weeks), prolonged release melatonin 2 mg (3 weeks) and then placebo (2 weeks)."	3.80	Determination of the minimal clinically significant difference on a patient visual analog sleep quality scale. ( Nir, T; Zisapel, N, 2003)
"Of 15 patients with disappearing effectiveness of melatonin, seven were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, and in four of them a SNP was found."	3.79	CYP1A2 polymorphisms in slow melatonin metabolisers: a possible relationship with autism spectrum disorder? ( Braam, W; Curfs, L; Didden, R; Keijzer, H; Smits, M; Struijker Boudier, H, 2013)
"The results of the multicenter open-label observational study of the efficacy and safety of the Melaxen (melatonin) for the treatment of disordered sleep in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia are presented."	3.78	[The results of Russian multicenter open-label observational study of the efficacy and safety of мelaxen (melatonin) for the treatment of disordered sleep in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia]. ( Bel'skaia, GN; Boĭko, AN; Doronin, BM; Gustov, AV; Iakupov, EZ; Levin, IaI; Poluéktov, MG; Poverennova, IE; Skoromets, AA; Spirin, NN, 2012)
"The results of the present study indicate that endogenous melatonin sleep-promoting action seems to be compromised in schizophrenia."	3.77	Sleep-promoting action of the endogenous melatonin in schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. ( Afonso, P; Figueira, ML; Paiva, T, 2011)
"To assess urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin levels in a large consecutive series of patients with migraine and several comorbidities (chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, insomnia, anxiety, and depression) as compared with controls."	3.76	Urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin levels are depressed in chronic migraine and several comorbidities. ( Cipolla-Neto, J; de Souza Vieira, DS; Lin, J; Masruha, MR; Minett, TS; Peres, MF; Vilanova, LC; Zukerman, E, 2010)
"In this study, we determined melatonin clearance in two female (aged 61 and 6 years) and one male (aged 3 years) patients who had chronic insomnia, late melatonin onset and mild ID, and whose sleep quality worsened a few weeks after initial good response to melatonin treatment, suggesting melatonin tolerance."	3.76	Loss of response to melatonin treatment is associated with slow melatonin metabolism. ( Braam, W; Curfs, LM; Didden, R; Keijzer, H; Smits, MG; van Geijlswijk, I, 2010)
"This study presents the use of melatonin to treat severe circadian sleep-wake disturbances in 6 adults with autism."	3.75	Melatonin in treatment of chronic sleep disorders in adults with autism: a retrospective study. ( Bertschy, G; Deriaz, N; Galli-Carminati, G, 2009)
"We examined the association between 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (6-SMT) excretion and sleep in 68 volunteers 60-79 years of age who complained of insomnia or depression."	3.70	Melatonin excretion is not related to sleep in the elderly. ( Elliott, JA; Kripke, DF; Youngstedt, SD, 1998)
"The effects of melatonin (MLT) therapy on insomnia and serum MLT concentration were studied in a 44-year-old man with Machado-Joseph disease."	3.70	[Effective melatonin therapy in a case of Machado-Joseph disease with insomnia]. ( Hamada, T; Okawa, M; Sasaki, H; Takei, A; Tashiro, K, 2000)
"The study seems to show a possible correlation between impaired rhythm of melatonin secretion and postoperative insomnia and postoperative sepsis in old patients undergoing surgery."	3.70	[The role of melatonin in the immediate postoperative period in elderly patients]. ( Barnabei, R; Cianca, G; Citone, G; Leardi, S; Necozione, S; Simi, M; Tavone, E, 2000)
" In a safety assessment, the highest incidence of adverse events (48."	3.30	[Comparative study of the clinical efficacy and safety of the fixed dose combination Levroso Long with Melaxen and Diphenhydramine in patients with insomnia]. ( Leykin, ZN; Popova, VB, 2023)
"Melatonin is a hormone that facilitates falling asleep and maintaining sleep and is also involved in the endogenous synchronization of internal biological clocks."	3.11	[Therapeutic approaches for sleep and rhythms disorders in children with ASD]. ( Broquère, MA; Claustrat, B; Delorme, R; Franco, P; Lecendreux, M; Schröder, CM; Tordjman, S, 2022)
"Melatonin has gained growing interest as a treatment of insomnia, despite contradictory findings, and a low level of evidence."	3.01	Efficacy of melatonin and ramelteon for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Bourgin, P; Chambe, J; Geoffroy, PA; Maruani, J; Palagini, L; Reynaud, E, 2023)
"Despite the separation of insomnia and circadian rhythm disorders in diagnostic nosology implying independent pathophysiology, there is considerable evidence of co-morbidity and interaction between them."	3.01	Circadian aspects in the aetiology and pathophysiology of insomnia. ( Lack, LC; Lovato, N; Micic, G, 2023)
"Progress in the field of insomnia since 2017 necessitated this update of the European Insomnia Guideline."	3.01	The European Insomnia Guideline: An update on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia 2023. ( Altena, E; Arnardottir, ES; Baglioni, C; Bassetti, CLA; Bastien, C; Berzina, N; Bjorvatn, B; Dikeos, D; Dolenc Groselj, L; Ellis, JG; Espie, CA; Garcia-Borreguero, D; Geoffroy, PA; Gjerstad, M; Gonçalves, M; Hertenstein, E; Hion, T; Hoedlmoser, K; Holzinger, B; Janku, K; Jansson-Fröjmark, M; Järnefelt, H; Jennum, PJ; Jernelöv, S; Khachatryan, S; Krone, L; Kyle, SD; Lancee, J; Leger, D; Lupusor, A; Marques, DR; Nissen, C; Palagini, L; Paunio, T; Perogamvros, L; Pevernagie, D; Riemann, D; Schabus, M; Shochat, T; Spiegelhalder, K; Szentkiralyi, A; Van Someren, E; van Straten, A; Verbraecken, J; Wichniak, A, 2023)
"Eighteen participants meeting insomnia criteria (mean [SD] age 37."	3.01	The acute effects of sleep restriction therapy for insomnia on circadian timing and vigilance. ( Bisdounis, L; Espie, CA; Ftouni, S; Kyle, SD; Maurer, LF, 2021)
"Melatonin is a hormone produced in the pineal gland that controls sleep and circadian rhythm."	3.01	Melatonin Supplementation for Six Weeks Had No Effect on Arterial Stiffness and Mitochondrial DNA in Women Aged 55 Years and Older with Insomnia: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study. ( Kang, HT; Kim, Y; Lee, DC, 2021)
"A total of 60 patients with aged insomnia were randomly divided into an EA group (30 cases) and a sham EA group (30 cases, 1 case dropped off)."	3.01	[Effect of electroacupuncture on serum melatonin and dopamine in aged insomnia]. ( Li, JH; Liu, CY; Qin, S; Shang, HT; Wan, QY; Wang, XQ; Wang, Y; Wu, WZ; Xi, HQ; Zhao, YN; Zheng, SY, 2021)
"Melatonin was most commonly received (70."	3.01	Evaluation of Medications Used for Hospitalized Patients With Sleep Disturbances: A Frequency Analysis and Literature Review. ( Patel, MVB; Snyder, HS; White, B, 2023)
"Insomnia is a global disease with a high incidence and acupuncture therapy is a well appropriate method to treat insomnia."	2.94	Acupoint combination effect of Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) in treating insomnia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. ( Chen, X; Cheng, C; Deng, D; Du, L; Du, Z; Li, N; Qiao, L; Song, X; Wu, P; Yang, L; Zhou, P; Zhu, Y; Zou, T, 2020)
"Melatonin had no effect on insomnia symptoms and severity on the PSQI [1."	2.94	Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. ( Chen, Z; Guan, J; Li, X; Liu, S; Liu, Y; Meng, L; Qian, Y; Xu, H; Yi, H; Yin, S; Zhang, C; Zhang, W; Zhu, H; Zou, J, 2020)
" Only few controlled studies have characterized the effect of discontinuation of their chronic use on sleep and quality of life."	2.90	Withdrawal from long-term use of zopiclone, zolpidem and temazepam may improve perceived sleep and quality of life in older adults with primary insomnia. ( Kivelä, SL; Lähteenmäki, R; Neuvonen, PJ; Partinen, M; Puustinen, J; Räihä, I; Vahlberg, T, 2019)
"Seventy-four gCP patients with primary insomnia participated in this 6-month RCT and randomized into two groups."	2.90	Is dietary melatonin supplementation a viable adjunctive therapy for chronic periodontitis?-A randomized controlled clinical trial. ( Anees, M; El-Sharkawy, H; Elmeadawy, S; Elshinnawi, U, 2019)
"Melatonin treatment is known to be effective in treating these sleep problems."	2.84	Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. ( Meijer, AM; Oort, FJ; Smits, MG; van der Heijden, KB; van Maanen, A, 2017)
" The societal cost of insomnia is on the rise, while long-term use of current drug treatments can involve adverse effects."	2.84	Electroacupuncture for insomnia disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. ( Cho, JH; Jung, IC; Kim, AR; Kim, BK; Kim, HJ; Kim, JE; Kim, JH; Kim, MK; Kim, SP; Kwon, OJ; Park, HJ; Seo, BN, 2017)
"The main clinical manifestations are insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness that often lead to clinically meaningful distress or cause mental, physical, social, occupational, educational, or other functional impairment."	2.82	Treatment of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders. ( Chen, GH; Sun, SY, 2022)
"Melatonin is a hormonal product of the pineal gland, a fact that is often forgotten."	2.82	What do we really know about the safety and efficacy of melatonin for sleep disorders? ( Kennaway, DJ, 2022)
" Switching to morning dosing or to an alternative drug may help."	2.82	[Sleep disorders in patients with a neurocognitive disorder]. ( Carrier, J; Dang-Vu, TT; Moderie, C, 2022)
" Reduced benzodiazepine dosage at the 24-week follow-up was associated with a significantly decreased proportion of stage 2 sleep."	2.82	Objective and subjective sleep quality: Melatonin versus placebo add-on treatment in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder withdrawing from long-term benzodiazepine use. ( Baandrup, L; Glenthøj, BY; Jennum, PJ, 2016)
"A link between poor sleep quality and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has recently been suggested."	2.79	Add-on prolonged-release melatonin for cognitive function and sleep in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. ( Farmer, M; Frydman-Marom, A; Fund, N; Harari, G; Laudon, M; Nir, T; Wade, AG; Zisapel, N, 2014)
"Ramelteon was effective in 8 out of the 11 patients."	2.78	[Treatment with ramelteon for sleep disturbance in severely disabled children and young adults]. ( Araki, A; Cho, K; Fukuda, I; Miyamoto, A; Oka, R; Tanaka, H, 2013)
" However, relatively little is known about the pharmacokinetic properties of low-dose (<0."	2.77	Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. ( Barrett, JS; Cuellar, N; Edwards, AY; Gooneratne, NS; Grandner, MA; Zhou, C, 2012)
"Melatonin treatment was mainly effective in reducing insomnia symptoms, while cognitive-behavioural therapy had a light positive impact mainly on sleep latency, suggesting that some behavioural aspects might play a role in determining initial insomnia."	2.77	Controlled-release melatonin, singly and combined with cognitive behavioural therapy, for persistent insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. ( Cortesi, F; Giannotti, F; Panunzi, S; Sebastiani, T; Valente, D, 2012)
"No withdrawal symptoms or rebound insomnia were detected."	2.76	Prolonged release melatonin in the treatment of primary insomnia: evaluation of the age cut-off for short- and long-term response. ( Crawford, G; Ford, I; Laudon, M; McConnachie, A; Nir, T; Wade, AG; Zisapel, N, 2011)
"Forty-three participants with primary insomnia (22 in the supplemented group, 21 in the placebo group) aged 78."	2.76	The effect of melatonin, magnesium, and zinc on primary insomnia in long-term care facility residents in Italy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. ( Antoniello, N; Klersy, C; Manni, R; Monteferrario, F; Opizzi, A; Rondanelli, M, 2011)
"To establish whether long-term use of melatonin influences pubertal development, sleep quality and mental health development in children as compared with the normal Dutch population of the same age."	2.76	Evaluation of sleep, puberty and mental health in children with long-term melatonin treatment for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia. ( Egberts, TC; Mol, RH; Smits, MG; van Geijlswijk, IM, 2011)
"Treatment with melatonin significantly advanced SO and DLMO by approximately 1 h and decreased SOL by 35 min."	2.75	Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT. ( Egberts, AC; Korzilius, HP; Smits, MG; van der Heijden, KB; van Geijlswijk, IM, 2010)
" Main outcome measures were sleep latency derived from a sleep diary, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Quality of Life (World Health Organzaton-5) Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I) and adverse effects and vital signs recorded at each visit."	2.75	Nightly treatment of primary insomnia with prolonged release melatonin for 6 months: a randomized placebo controlled trial on age and endogenous melatonin as predictors of efficacy and safety. ( Crawford, G; Ford, I; Laudon, M; McConnachie, A; Nir, T; Wade, AG; Zisapel, N, 2010)
"Melatonin was measured by an ELISA assay."	2.74	Zaleplon increases nocturnal melatonin secretion in humans. ( Abreu-Gonzalez, P; Henry, M; Morera, AL, 2009)
"Forty patients with insomnia were divided into two groups and randomly received either the H7 or placebo treatments, in a double-blind protocol, for 20 nights."	2.73	Efficacy of wrists overnight compression (HT 7 point) on insomniacs: possible role of melatonin? ( Nordio, M; Romanelli, F, 2008)
"Stable DSM-IV schizophrenic outpatients (N = 40) with initial insomnia of at least 2 weeks' duration were randomly assigned to augment their current medications with either flexibly dosed melatonin (3-12 mg/night; N = 20) or placebo (N = 20)."	2.73	Melatonin in schizophrenic outpatients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ( Andrade, C; Bhakta, SG; Singh, NM; Suresh Kumar, PN, 2007)
"Rebound insomnia and withdrawal effects following discontinuation were also evaluated."	2.73	Prolonged-release melatonin improves sleep quality and morning alertness in insomnia patients aged 55 years and older and has no withdrawal effects. ( Laudon, M; Lemoine, P; Nir, T; Zisapel, N, 2007)
"Melatonin treatment improves some aspects of chronic sleep disturbance in individuals with ID."	2.73	Melatonin treatment in individuals with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled study. ( Braam, W; Curfs, L; Didden, R; Smits, M, 2008)
"Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty of falling asleep or maintaining sleep, which affects different age groups."	2.72	Regulatory aspects and evidences of melatonin use for sleep disorders and insomnia: an integrative review. ( Alves, IA; Bandeira, VAC; Bueno, APR; Savi, FM, 2021)
"In the setting of Alzheimer's disease, insomnia is an even more complicated issue, with a higher overall prevalence than in the general population, greater complexity of contributing etiologies, and differences in diagnosis (at times based on caregiver observation of sleep disruption rather than subjective complaints by the individual with the disorder), and requiring more discretion in terms of treatment, particularly in regard to adverse effect profile concerns."	2.72	Impact of Pharmacotherapy on Insomnia in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. ( Bliwise, DL; Roland, JP, 2021)
"Introduction: insomnia represents a growing and important health problem."	2.72	[Nutrition impact on insomnia treatment]. ( Hernando-Requejo, O; Hernando-Requejo, V; Requejo Marcos, AM, 2021)
"Melatonin treatment is of interest in remitted patients with mood disorder to prevent relapses or recurrences, if a complaint of insomnia, poor sleep quality or phase delay syndrome is associated."	2.72	Biological rhythms and chronotherapeutics in depression. ( Geoffroy, PA; Palagini, L, 2021)
"However, unlike many patients with insomnia, those with DSPD struggle to get up at appropriate times."	2.72	Just Let Me Sleep in: Identifying and Treating Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder in Adolescents. ( Baroni, A; Feder, MA, 2021)
" There were no differences in the number or type of adverse events between any active treatment and placebo group."	2.72	An efficacy, safety, and dose-response study of Ramelteon in patients with chronic primary insomnia. ( Erman, M; Sainati, S; Seiden, D; Zammit, G; Zhang, J, 2006)
"Sleep hygiene reduced initial insomnia to <60 minutes in 5 cases, with an overall effect size in the group as a whole of 0."	2.72	Sleep hygiene and melatonin treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD and initial insomnia. ( Bomben, MM; Freeman, RD; Rea, KJ; Wasdell, MB; Weiss, MD, 2006)
"Melatonin did not produce any sleep benefit in this sample of patients with primary insomnia."	2.71	Treatment of primary insomnia with melatonin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. ( Almeida Montes, LG; Cortés Sotres, J; Heinze Martin, G; Ontiveros Uribe, MP, 2003)
"Melatonin treatment also significantly advanced sleep onset by 57 minutes, sleep offset by 9 minutes, and melatonin onset by 82 minutes, and decreased sleep latency by 17 minutes."	2.71	Melatonin improves health status and sleep in children with idiopathic chronic sleep-onset insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. ( Coenen, AM; Kerkhof, GA; Meijer, AM; Smits, MG; van der Heijden, K; van Stel, HF, 2003)
"We studied 517 insomnia patients, along with 29 age-matched and 30 younger healthy volunteers."	2.71	Nocturnal 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion in insomnia and its relation to the response to melatonin replacement therapy. ( Laudon, M; Leger, D; Zisapel, N, 2004)
" Adverse events were mild to moderate in severity and did not differ in frequency between beta-methyl-6-chloromelatonin and placebo treatments."	2.71	The efficacy and safety of the melatonin agonist beta-methyl-6-chloromelatonin in primary insomnia: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial. ( Lankford, A; Mayleben, DW; Mulchahey, JJ; Rosenberg, R; Scharf, MB; Zemlan, FP, 2005)
"33 medically ill persons with initial insomnia were randomly assigned to receive either melatonin (N = 18) or placebo (N = 15) in a flexible-dose regimen."	2.70	Melatonin in medically ill patients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ( Andrade, C; Chandramma, L; Reddy, KP; Srihari, BS, 2001)
"Although control subjects, like insomniacs, had low melatonin levels, their sleep was unaffected by any melatonin dose."	2.70	Melatonin treatment for age-related insomnia. ( Leclair, OU; Regan, MM; Shi, JP; Taylor, JA; Wurtman, RJ; Zhdanova, IV, 2001)
" They were encouraged to reduce their benzodiazepine dosage 50% during week 2, 75% during weeks 3 and 4, and to discontinue benzodiazepine therapy completely during weeks 5 and 6."	2.69	Facilitation of benzodiazepine discontinuation by melatonin: a new clinical approach. ( Garfinkel, D; Laudon, M; Wainstein, J; Zisapel, N, 1999)
"Melatonin (MLT) is a main synchronizer of the sleep/wake cycle, playing a role of transduction to brain functioning of informations about periodical environmental changes, i."	2.69	Melatonin add-on in manic patients with treatment resistant insomnia. ( Bersani, G; Garavini, A, 2000)
"This condition causes recurrent insomnia and daytime sleepiness when the rhythms drift out of phase with the normal 24-hour cycle."	2.69	Entrainment of free-running circadian rhythms by melatonin in blind people. ( Brandes, RW; Kendall, AR; Lewy, AJ; Sack, RL, 2000)
"Melatonin or placebo was taken at 20."	2.68	Melatonin and insomnia. ( Ellis, CM; Lemmens, G; Parkes, JD, 1996)
"Long-term doxepin treatment of chronic insomniac patients not only improves sleep but also restores nocturnal melatonin secretion in these patients."	2.68	Nocturnal melatonin secretion and sleep after doxepin administration in chronic primary insomnia. ( Adler, L; Bandelow, B; Hajak, G; Herrendorf, G; Huether, G; Rodenbeck, A; Rüther, E; Staedt, J, 1996)
"Melatonin has been shown to have hypnotic and hypothermic effects in young adults and has been proposed as treatment for insomnia."	2.68	Daytime melatonin administration in elderly good and poor sleepers: effects on core body temperature and sleep latency. ( Dawson, D; Kennaway, DJ; Lack, L; Lushington, K; Pollard, K, 1997)
"Ten patients with persistent insomnia were randomized in a double-blind design and the effects of 1-mg and 5-mg oral dosages of melatonin on the electroencephalogram-recorded sleep were examined."	2.67	Melatonin administration in insomnia. ( James, SP; Mendelson, WB; Rosenthal, NE; Sack, DA, 1990)
"Melatonin was an effective and tolerable drug in the short-term treatment of sleep onset insomnia in children and adolescents."	2.66	Efficacy and safety of melatonin for sleep onset insomnia in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ( Kuang, L; Meng, H; Ni, S; Smits, MG; Tang, X; Wei, S; Xiao, M; Zhou, X, 2020)
"Melatonin (MLT) has been prescribed as a treatment for BZD/HYP detoxification."	2.66	Melatonin and melatonin agonists as treatments for benzodiazepines and hypnotics withdrawal in patients with primary insomnia. A systematic review. ( Abreu-Gonzalez, P; Fernandez-Lopez, L; Morera-Fumero, AL, 2020)
"a persistent condition of past insomnia and aging per se) increase the risk of insomnia during menopause."	2.66	Insomnia and menopause: a narrative review on mechanisms and treatments. ( Agostoni, EC; Campana, C; Marra, S; Nappi, RE; Nobili, L; Palagini, L; Proserpio, P, 2020)
"Sleep disorders are a frequent problem with an important impact on the quality of life."	2.61	[Melatonin and sleep disorders: Overview of literature and testing in psychiatric practice]. ( De Hert, M; Desplenter, F; Huysmans, S, 2019)
"While some sleep disorders are more challenging to treat, most can be easily managed with adequate interventions."	2.61	Sleep Disorders. ( K Pavlova, M; Latreille, V, 2019)
"Migraine is one of the most severe and debilitating primary headache disorders."	2.61	Therapeutic role of melatonin in migraine prophylaxis: A systematic review. ( Long, R; Zhou, S; Zhu, Y, 2019)
"Treatment for insomnia with melatonin (MT) in children and adolescents aged 0-17 years has doubled since 2011."	2.58	[Melatonin for children with insomnia]. ( Berring-Uldum, A; Debes, NMM; Holst, H; Pedersen, CR, 2018)
"Melatonin plays the role of an endogenous synchronizer which regulates circadian rhythms, especially the sleep/wake and temperature rhythms."	2.58	[Melatonin: Physiological and pharmacological aspects related to sleep: The interest of a prolonged-release formulation (Circadin ( Claustrat, B; Quera-Salva, MA, 2018)
" Clonidine, melatonin, L-theanine, eszopiclone and guanfacine were well tolerated with mild to moderate adverse events; zolpidem was associated with neuropsychiatric adverse effects."	2.55	Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Drugs for Treating Behavioural Insomnia in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review with Methodological Quality Assessment. ( Anand, S; Besag, FMC; Chan, EW; Cortese, S; Tong, H; Wong, ICK, 2017)
"Melatonin has been shown to synchronize the circadian rhythms, and improve the onset, duration and quality of sleep."	2.55	A review of sleep disorders and melatonin. ( Chen, F; Feng, Y; Geng, X; Li, C; Li, WA; Liu, W; Meng, X; Xie, Z; Yu, F, 2017)
"Understanding the risks and benefits of insomnia medications is critical."	2.55	Insomnia: Pharmacologic Therapy. ( Hainer, BL; Matheson, E, 2017)
"Chronic orofacial pain can greatly improve following treatment of the underlying insomnia, and therefore, re-evaluation of COFP is advised after 1 month of treatment."	2.55	An update of management of insomnia in patients with chronic orofacial pain. ( Almoznino, G; Benoliel, R; Haviv, Y; Sharav, Y, 2017)
"The consequences of insomnia, including issues with mood, behavior, and cognition, are discussed."	2.53	Pediatric Insomnia. ( Brown, KM; Malow, BA, 2016)
"Unfortunately, however, pediatric insomnia most often remains unidentified and untreated."	2.53	Insomnia: the Sleeping Giant of Pediatric Public Health. ( Badin, E; Haddad, C; Shatkin, JP, 2016)
"Pharmacotherapies for insomnia may cause cognitive and behavioral changes and may be associated with infrequent but serious harms."	2.53	Pharmacologic Treatment of Insomnia Disorder: An Evidence Report for a Clinical Practice Guideline by the American College of Physicians. ( Brasure, M; Butler, M; Carlyle, M; Diem, S; Fuchs, E; Kane, RL; Khawaja, IS; Koffel, E; MacDonald, R; Olson, CM; Ouellette, J; Wilt, TJ, 2016)
"Sleep disorders are treated using anti-insomnia drugs that target ionotropic and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists, melatonin agonists, and orexin receptor antagonists."	2.53	Sleep Control, GPCRs, and Glucose Metabolism. ( Sakurai, T; Sasaoka, T; Tsuneki, H, 2016)
"Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland and is involved in the regulation of human sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythms."	2.52	[Melatonin receptor agonist]. ( Uchiyama, M, 2015)
"Pediatric insomnia is an extrinsic sleep disorder subdivided into two categories: behavioral insomnia and insomnia related to medical, neurological, and psychiatric diseases."	2.50	Pediatric insomnia: clinical, diagnosis, and treatment. ( Miano, S; Peraita-Adrados, R, 2014)
"Melatonin is a hormone that regulates circadian rhythm, and its levels decline with age."	2.50	Optimal dosages for melatonin supplementation therapy in older adults: a systematic review of current literature. ( de Rooij, SE; van Munster, BC; Vural, EM, 2014)
" However, there is a lack of pharmaceutical preparations of melatonin that give details about their use for children and that give evidence-based guidelines about the dosage and timing of intake."	2.49	[Disturbed sleep in children with ADHD: is there a place for melatonin as a treatment option?]. ( Gabriëls, L; Holvoet, E, 2013)
"Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) - a circadian rhythm sleep disorder - is most commonly seen in adolescents."	2.49	Circadian rhythm disorders among adolescents: assessment and treatment options. ( Armstrong, SM; Bartlett, DJ; Biggs, SN, 2013)
"Insomnia is associated with impaired quality of life."	2.49	Treatment of resistant insomnia and major depression. ( Acciavatti, T; Cinosi, E; Cornelio, M; De Risio, L; Dezi, S; Di Giannantonio, M; Di Iorio, G; Marini, S; Martinotti, G; Vellante, F, 2013)
"Melatonin has been used for improving sleep in patients with insomnia mainly because it does not cause hangover or show any addictive potential."	2.48	Melatonin and its analogs in insomnia and depression. ( Brown, GM; Brzezinski, A; Cardinali, DP; Srinivasan, V, 2012)
"Posttraumatic insomnia may be less common than posttraumatic sleepiness, but studies on its frequency revealed conflicting results."	2.48	Traumatic brain injury and disturbed sleep and wakefulness. ( Baumann, CR, 2012)
"Pharmacological treatment of insomnia include the use of benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine drugs like zolpidem, zaleplon, Zopiclone."	2.48	Melatonergic drugs for therapeutic use in insomnia and sleep disturbances of mood disorders. ( Brown, GM; Brzezinski, A; Othaman, Z; Prasad, A; Srinivasan, V; Zakaria, R, 2012)
"Models of sleep physiology and insomnia are discussed, along with the potential implications for the chronification of migraine and tension-type headache."	2.48	Chronic headaches and insomnia: working toward a biobehavioral model. ( Ong, JC; Park, M, 2012)
"Melatonin PR 2 mg was very well tolerated in clinical trials in older patients, with a tolerability profile that was similar to that of placebo."	2.48	Melatonin prolonged release: in the treatment of insomnia in patients aged ≥55 years. ( Lyseng-Williamson, KA, 2012)
"Current pharmacological treatment of insomnia involves the use of sedative-hypnotic benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine drugs."	2.47	Melatonin agonists in primary insomnia and depression-associated insomnia: are they superior to sedative-hypnotics? ( Brown, GM; Brzezinski, A; Cardinali, DP; Pandi-Perumal, SR; Spence, DW; Srinivasan, V, 2011)
"Tasimelteon is a melatonin receptor agonist developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb Co."	2.47	Tasimelteon for insomnia. ( Lankford, DA, 2011)
"The consequences of chronic sleep deprivation on energy expenditure have not been fully explored."	2.47	Chronic sleep deprivation and seasonality: implications for the obesity epidemic. ( Cizza, G; de Jonge, L; Galli, G; Requena, M, 2011)
" Regulated melatonin products and larger, well-designed trials to establish optimal dosing regimens and long-term safety are needed."	2.46	Melatonin treatment for insomnia in pediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. ( Bendz, LM; Scates, AC, 2010)
"Melatonin has shown promising results in the treatment of insomnia in children with ASD."	2.46	Epidemiology and management of insomnia in children with autistic spectrum disorders. ( Ferri, R; Miano, S, 2010)
"Circadian rhythm sleep disorders are common conditions manifested as misalignment between the sleep period and the physical/social 24-h environmental cycle."	2.46	Circadian rhythm sleep disorders. ( Lenz, Mdo C; Martinez, D, 2010)
"There are specific sleep disorders (other than insomnia) for which pharmacotherapy plus behavioral strategies are warranted."	2.46	Pharmacotherapy in pediatric sleep disorders. ( Garbutt, A; Weiss, SK, 2010)
"Ramelteon is a novel MT(1) and MT(2) melatonergic agonist that has specific effects on melatonin receptors in the SCN and is effective in promoting sleep in experimental animals such as cats and monkeys."	2.45	Melatonin and melatonergic drugs on sleep: possible mechanisms of action. ( Cardinali, DP; Hardeland, R; Pandi-Perumal, SR; Poeggeler, B; Spence, DW; Srinivasan, V; Trahkt, I, 2009)
"Insomnia is common and can result in significant distress and impaired daytime functioning."	2.45	Understanding primary insomnia in older people. ( Gillam, T, 2009)
"Melatonin's action has led to its being tried as a treatment for a wide range of sleep disorders, such as jet lag, primary insomnia, sleep-wake cycle disruption and sleep problems in children with neuro-developmental disorders."	2.45	Melatonin for primary insomnia? ( , 2009)
"Ramelteon is a tricyclic synthetic analog of melatonin that acts specifically on MT(1) and MT(2) melatonin receptors."	2.45	Ramelteon: a review of its therapeutic potential in sleep disorders. ( Brown, GM; Cardinali, DP; Hardeland, R; Moscovitch, A; Pandi-Perumal, SR; Spence, DW; Srinivasan, V, 2009)
" In contrast to traditional sedative hypnotics, Circadin has shown no evidence of impairing cognitive and psychomotor skills, of rebound, dependence or abuse potential and no significant adverse events compared to placebo."	2.45	[Controlled release melatonin (Circadin) in the treatment of insomnia in older patients: efficacy and safety in patients with history of use and non-use of hypnotic drugs]. ( Zisapel, N, 2009)
"Pediatric insomnia is common in children and adolescents, particularly in children who have comorbid medical, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental disorders, and may be associated with cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial impairments that often result in significant caregiver burden."	2.45	Pharmacologic treatment of pediatric insomnia. ( Moturi, S; Owens, JA, 2009)
"Different types of insomnia symptoms have been associated with abnormalities of the body temperature rhythm."	2.44	The relationship between insomnia and body temperatures. ( Gradisar, M; Lack, LC; Lushington, K; Van Someren, EJ; Wright, HR, 2008)
"However, until now treatment of insomnia has primarily targeted quantity of sleep."	2.44	Prolonged-release melatonin for the treatment of insomnia in patients over 55 years. ( Downie, S; Wade, A, 2008)
"Melatonin (CAS 73-31-4) has both hypnotic and sleep/wake rhythm regulating properties."	2.44	Melatonergic drugs in clinical practice. ( Cardinali, DP; Hardeland, R; Pandi-Perumal, SR; Poeggeler, B; Srinivasan, V; Trakht, I, 2008)
"Circadian rhythm sleep disorders are perhaps the most often overlooked conditions in the differential diagnosis of these symptoms."	2.44	Diagnosis of circadian rhythm sleep disorders. ( Lenz, Mdo C; Martinez, D; Menna-Barreto, L, 2008)
"Melatonin treatment significantly reduced sleep onset latency by 4."	2.43	Effects of exogenous melatonin on sleep: a meta-analysis. ( Ben-Shushan, A; Brzezinski, A; Ford, I; Norrie, G; Vangel, MG; Wurtman, RJ; Zhdanova, I, 2005)
"Circadian rhythm sleep disorders, such as jet lag syndrome and shift work sleep disorder, are those specifically attributed to dysfunctions or insufficiencies in the circadian system."	2.43	The human circadian system in normal and disordered sleep. ( Richardson, GS, 2005)
"Melatonin is a hormone that has been associated with soporific effects."	2.43	Searching for new options for treating insomnia: are melatonin and ramelteon beneficial? ( Bellon, A, 2006)
"Fibromyalgia has gender, age and probably hormonal associations."	2.43	Menopause related sleep disorders. ( Eichling, PS; Sahni, J, 2005)
"Melatonin is the treatment of choice for blind people with non-24 h sleep/wake disorder."	2.42	Optimization of light and melatonin to phase-shift human circadian rhythms. ( Skene, DJ, 2003)
"Melatonin has been successfully used to alleviate jet lag symptoms of travellers and there is also a smaller amount of evidence that the hormone helps shiftworkers adjust to nocturnal regimens."	2.42	The relevance of melatonin to sports medicine and science. ( Atkinson, G; Drust, B; Reilly, T; Waterhouse, J, 2003)
"Insomnia is a prevalent disorder, altering night time sleep, daytime mood and performance."	2.42	Advances in the management of insomnia. ( Zhdanova, IV, 2004)
"Melatonin is a hormone and antioxidant produced by the pineal gland of which four neurobiological roles have been claimed in the aged population: anti-ageing agent; free-radical scavenger; regulator of circadian rhythm; endogeneous sleep-inducer."	2.41	Melatonin in elderly patients with insomnia. A systematic review. ( Olde Rikkert, MG; Rigaud, AS, 2001)
"In patients with long-lasting insomniac complaints we found decreased nocturnal plasma melatonin levels thereby indicating a labilisation of circadian rhythm functions."	2.41	Neuroendocrine dysregulation in primary insomnia. ( Hajak, G; Rodenbeck, A, 2001)
"In elderly insomniacs, melatonin treatment decreased sleep latency and increased sleep efficiency."	2.41	Melatonin in sleep disorders and jet-lag. ( Brusco, LI; Cardinali, DP; Furio, AM; Pérez Lloret, S, 2002)
" The optimal dosage and timing of drug administration is still unclear."	2.40	Melatonin: therapeutic use in sleep disorders. ( Chase, JE; Gidal, BE, 1997)
"Melatonin has few immediate side-effects except drowsiness, but the effects of chronic administration are unclear."	2.40	Guidelines for prescribing melatonin. ( Avery, D; Landis, C; Lenz, M, 1998)
"Melatonin has received much ill-formed publicity, it being claimed that it is a panacea and an 'antiageing' treatment."	2.40	Disorders of the sleep-wake cycle in adults. ( Sedgwick, PM, 1998)
"Key search terms included insomnia, benzodiazepines, zolpidem, zopiclone, zaleplon, Cl 284,846, melatonin, and valerian."	2.40	Beyond benzodiazepines: alternative pharmacologic agents for the treatment of insomnia. ( Hening, WA; Wagner, J; Wagner, ML, 1998)
"Parents of both groups reported that insomnia negatively affected their children behavior and caused stress, mood changes or physical fatigue in their daily life."	1.91	Sleep disturbances in subjects with autism spectrum disorder: A parental perspective. ( Bernardi, K; Bruni, G; Bruni, O; Ferri, R; Panerai, S; Prono, F, 2023)
"Melatonin is a safe medication with multiple uses in sleep medicine for the treatment of circadian rhythm disorders, insomnia, and REM sleep behavior disorder."	1.72	[Pre-pandemic melatonin treatment for sleep disorders and COVID-19 infection. A retrospective cross-sectional study]. ( Cardinali, DP; Folgueira, A; González Cardozo, A; Rugiero, M; Valiensi, SM; Vera, VA, 2022)
"Melatonin PR treatment significantly reduced the ESS scores from T0 to T1, while the PSQI scores presented a trend of improvement from T0 to T1."	1.72	Effects of melatonin prolonged-release on both sleep and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a preliminary evidence. ( Cerroni, R; Fernandes, M; Liguori, C; Ludovisi, R; Mercuri, NB; Pierantozzi, M; Stefani, A, 2022)
"Homeostatic response to sleep deprivation was intact in OAI compared to GS; theta EEG power suggested a greater homeostatic response in OAI."	1.72	Homeostatic response to sleep deprivation and circadian rhythmicity are intact in older adults with insomnia. ( Buysse, DJ; Hall, MH; Hasler, BP; Krafty, RT; Tracy, EL; Wilckens, K; Zhang, J, 2022)
"Venlafaxine + melatonin treatment improves depression-like behaviour, pentobarbital sodium experimental sleep latency, and sleep duration in CUMS +SD rats."	1.72	Sleep deprivation leads to further impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity by suppressing melatonin secretion in the pineal gland of chronically unpredictable stress rats. ( Han, YS; Jiang, HX; Li, CY; Li, ZR; Liu, DG; Wang, YH; Xie, S; Zou, MS, 2022)
"Occasional sleeplessness in children is common, with as many as 25% of all healthy children experiencing a problem sleeping at some point over the course of their childhood."	1.62	Myths and Evidence Regarding Melatonin Supplementation for Occasional Sleeplessness in the Pediatric Population. ( Bongiorno, PB; Goldman, RD; Olcese, JM; Shatkin, JP; Witt-Enderby, PA, 2021)
"We also examined the effects of MMT on insomnia, fatigue, depression, quality of life and actigraphy."	1.62	Sleep disturbance in patients with cancer: a feasibility study of multimodal therapy. ( Balachandran, D; Bruera, E; Carmack, C; Delgado, M; Eng, C; Guzman Gutierrez, D; Hess, KR; Lim, B; Lu, Z; Ochoa, J; Park, M; Raznahan, M; Williams, JL; Yennurajalingam, S, 2021)
"In primary or no-comorbid insomnia, only a 2 mg dose of slow release MEL, 1 to 2 hours before bedtime, over a period of 3 to 12 weeks, is recommended."	1.62	Melatonin (MEL) and its use in neurological diseases and insomnia: Recommendations of the French Medical and Research Sleep Society (SFRMS). ( Kilic-Huck, U; Quera-Salva, MA; Vecchierini, MF, 2021)
"Pharmacotherapy for insomnia consists of different types of drugs."	1.62	Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for insomnia: A protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis. ( Chao, D; Chun, W; Dongliang, Z; Jia, L; Qi, H; Zhenmei, L, 2021)
"Pediatric insomnia is a widespread problem and especially difficult to manage in children with neurodevelopmental disorders."	1.56	Doxepin in children and adolescents with symptoms of insomnia: a single-center experience. ( Kothare, SV; Pavkovic, I; Shah, YD; Stringel, V, 2020)
"Melatonin restored the insomnia-like alternation induced by 17β-trenbolone exposure."	1.56	Melatonin attenuates 17β-trenbolone induced insomnia-like phenotype and movement deficiency in zebrafish. ( Chen, DY; Feng, XZ; Feng, ZY; Gao, Q; Mi, P; Zhang, JW; Zhao, X, 2020)
"Melatonin use was twice as high at one hospital and was higher on internal medicine and critical care."	1.56	Melatonin Increasingly Used in Hospitalized Patients. ( Cavalcanti, RB; Lui, P; MacMillan, TE; Wu, RC, 2020)
"Diagnoses of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) were made according to the results of specialized somnological questionnaires and polysomnographic monitoring."	1.51	[The role of melatonin as a component of the antioxidant defense system in perimenopausal women with insomnia]. ( Kolesnikova, LI; Madaeva, IM; Semenova, NV, 2019)
"Insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep disorders affect large proportions of the population and have pronounced effects on quality of life and daytime performance."	1.51	Clinical Sleep-Wake Disorders II: Focus on Insomnia and Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders. ( Nissen, C; Riemann, D; Spiegelhalder, K, 2019)
"The Asian women with TT-genotype and insomnia had a lower levels of melatonin as compared to control at daytime, evening and night."	1.48	Association of the melatonin circadian rhythms with clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in Caucasian and Asian menopausal women with insomnia. ( Bairova, TA; Kolesnikova, LI; Madaeva, IM; Semenova, NV; Sholokhov, LF; Zhambalova, RM, 2018)
"Melatonin levels was measured in the saliva 4 times a day (06."	1.48	Association of 3111T/C Polymorphism of the Clock Gene with Circadian Rhythm of Melatonin in Menopausal Women with Insomnia. ( Bairova, TA; Kalyuzhnaya, OV; Kolesnikova, LI; Madaeva, IM; Rashidova, MA; Semenova, NV; Zhambalova, RM, 2018)
"Both insomnia and its treatment can lead to the development of delirium in older adults."	1.48	Delirium associated with only one dose of zopiclone in an older adult. ( Isik, AT; Kalan, U; Soysal, P, 2018)
"The present results suggest that sleep fragmentation and any resultant cognitive deficits are likely not confounded by corresponding deficits in circadian rhythms."	1.46	Young children with Down syndrome show normal development of circadian rhythms, but poor sleep efficiency: a cross-sectional study across the first 60 months of life. ( Anand, P; Clark, C; Demara, BI; Edgin, JO; Fernandez, F; Nyhuis, CC; Ruby, NF; Spanò, G, 2017)
"The diagnostic procedure for insomnia, and its co-morbidities, should include a clinical interview consisting of a sleep history (sleep habits, sleep environment, work schedules, circadian factors), the use of sleep questionnaires and sleep diaries, questions about somatic and mental health, a physical examination and additional measures if indicated (i."	1.46	European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. ( Arnardottir, ES; Baglioni, C; Bassetti, C; Bjorvatn, B; Deleanu, OC; Dolenc Groselj, L; Ellis, JG; Espie, CA; Garcia-Borreguero, D; Gjerstad, M; Gonçalves, M; Hertenstein, E; Jansson-Fröjmark, M; Jennum, PJ; Leger, D; Nissen, C; Parrino, L; Paunio, T; Pevernagie, D; Riemann, D; Spiegelhalder, K; Strazisar, B; Verbraecken, J; Weeß, HG; Wichniak, A; Zavalko, I; Zoetmulder, M, 2017)
"Patients with insomnia and healthy control participants completed a sleep log for 7 days."	1.46	Circadian Phase and Phase Angle Disorders in Primary Insomnia. ( Bremer, E; Brogna, LA; Burke, LM; Epstein, LJ; Flynn-Evans, EE; Gehrman, P; Kirsch, D; Lockley, SW; Miller, B; Murray, JM; Rajaratnam, SMW; Shekleton, JA, 2017)
"PSG showed, in addition to high sleep fragmentation, a major decrease in slow-wave sleep (SWS) and an increase in stage R sleep."	1.46	Sleep during an Antarctic summer expedition: new light on "polar insomnia". ( Cortoos, A; Mairesse, O; Marcoen, N; Meeusen, R; Neyt, X; Pattyn, N, 2017)
"For children with otherwise undiagnosed insomnia and healthy sleep hygiene, melatonin use should be considered."	1.43	Sleep-related melatonin use in healthy children. ( Goldman, RD; Janjua, I, 2016)
"The most common sleep problems were parasomnias (27."	1.43	Sleep and melatonin secretion abnormalities in children and adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. ( Goril, S; Scott, L; Shapiro, CM; Zalai, D, 2016)
"Rebound insomnia, defined as a one-point deterioration in sleep quality below baseline values, was found in 3."	1.42	Lasting treatment effects in a postmarketing surveillance study of prolonged-release melatonin. ( Hajak, G; Lemme, K; Zisapel, N, 2015)
"To characterize and compare insomnia symptoms within two common phenotypes of Shift Work Disorder."	1.42	Differential sleep, sleepiness, and neurophysiology in the insomnia phenotypes of shift work disorder. ( Belcher, R; Drake, CL; Gumenyuk, V; Roth, T, 2015)
"Among shift work disorder patients, insomnia is linked to functional and cognitive impairments."	1.42	Insomnia in shift work disorder relates to occupational and neurophysiological impairment. ( Belcher, R; Gumenyuk, V; Roth, T, 2015)
"Both melatonin and ramelteon were widely prescribedin Japanese children."	1.42	[A nationwide survey on the uses of melatonin and ramelteon in Japanese children]. ( Fukumizu, M; Hayashi, M; Ishizaki, A; Kohyama, J; Miyajima, T; Tanaka, H, 2015)
"Melatonin promotes sleep processes and, administered as a drug, it is suitable to improve primary and secondary sleep disorders in humans."	1.40	Pineal gland volume in primary insomnia and healthy controls: a magnetic resonance imaging study. ( Bumb, JM; Deuschle, M; Enning, F; Haddad, L; Lederbogen, F; Nolte, I; Paul, F; Schilling, C; Schredl, M, 2014)
" In endogenous samples, maximal melatonin concentration (C(max)) and time to peak concentration (T(max)) were comparable to those previously published in the literature for typically developing children, and dim light melatonin onsets were captured in the majority of children."	1.40	Melatonin in children with autism spectrum disorders: endogenous and pharmacokinetic profiles in relation to sleep. ( Adkins, KW; Burgess, HJ; Calcutt, MW; Carter, MD; Goldman, SE; Goodpaster, RL; Hachey, DL; Malow, BA; Shi, Y; Wang, L, 2014)
"AIS group mean score above 6 defining insomnia were observed in interferon-beta-1B-group, glatiramer acetate-group and mitoxantrone-group: 6."	1.40	Melatonin acts as antioxidant and improves sleep in MS patients. ( Adamczyk, J; Adamczyk-Sowa, M; Hartel, M; Mucha, S; Pierzchala, K; Sadowska-Bartosz, I; Sowa, P, 2014)
" However, long-term use of BZD/Z-drugs is associated with major adverse events including, but not limited to, falls and fractures, domestic and traffic accidents, confusion, cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and cancer."	1.39	Contribution of prolonged-release melatonin and anti-benzodiazepine campaigns to the reduction of benzodiazepine and Z-drugs consumption in nine European countries. ( Clay, E; Falissard, B; Moore, N; Toumi, M, 2013)
"Melatonin has a key role in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, so this raised the hypothesis that alterations in the metabolism of melatonin might play an important role in the development of delirium."	1.38	[Delirium, insomnia in hospitalization and ramelteon]. ( Ito, T, 2012)
"Seven PMDD women who indicated insomnia during LP, and five controls, spent every third night throughout a complete menstrual cycle sleeping in the laboratory."	1.38	Nocturnal polysomnographic sleep across the menstrual cycle in premenstrual dysphoric disorder. ( Boivin, DB; Lespérance, P; Ng Ying Kin, NM; Shechter, A, 2012)
"Cognitive-behavioral therapy targeting insomnia can effectively enhance the response to antidepressant medication."	1.37	Sleep interventions for the treatment of depression. ( Howland, RH, 2011)
"Melatonin was recommended by more than one-third of respondents."	1.36	Use of pharmacotherapy for insomnia in child psychiatry practice: A national survey. ( Kirchner, HL; Mindell, JA; Owens, JA; Rosen, CL, 2010)
"Melatonin plays a key role in the proper functioning of the circadian timing system (CTS), and exogenous melatonin has been shown to be beneficial in cases of CTS and sleep disturbances."	1.35	Degree of pineal calcification (DOC) is associated with polysomnographic sleep measures in primary insomnia patients. ( Hädel, S; Heidenreich, JO; Kienast, T; Kunz, D; Mahlberg, R; Schmitz, S, 2009)
"(1) Patients complaining of insomnia should first be treated with non-drug measures (information, advice)."	1.35	Ramelteon: new drug. Insomnia: no role for risky placebos. ( , 2008)
"Tasimelteon has been claimed to be useful in the treatment of depression, and preclinical evidence in this respect is to be confirmed in a phase II clinical trial, which was ready to be initiated at the time of publication."	1.35	Tasimelteon, a melatonin agonist for the treatment of insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep disorders. ( Hardeland, R, 2009)
"Of those using valerian, 29."	1.34	Insomnia associated with valerian and melatonin usage in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. ( Ansari, FP; Bliwise, DL, 2007)
"Thirteen elderly IPs with vascular dementia (mean age 76."	1.33	Passive body heating ameliorates sleep disturbances in patients with vascular dementia without circadian phase-shifting. ( Hishikawa, Y; Hozumi, S; Mishima, K; Mishima, Y; Shimizu, T, 2005)
"Effective treatments now exist for many sleep disorders, such as OSA and RLS, and a major breakthrough in the treatment of narcolepsy seems imminent."	1.32	Sleep disorders. ( Fisch, BJ; Olejniczak, PW, 2003)
"Melatonin levels were significantly lower in patients with insomnia and obese postmenopausal females than in controls."	1.31	Melatonin in postmenopausal females. ( Blaicher, W; Gruber, DM; Huber, JC; Imhof, MH; Sator, MO; Schneeberger, C; Speck, E, 2000)
"Ten elderly residents with psychophysiological insomnia (mean age, 74."	1.31	Diminished melatonin secretion in the elderly caused by insufficient environmental illumination. ( Hishikawa, Y; Mishima, K; Okawa, M; Shimizu, T, 2001)
"Seventy-two elders with complaints of insomnia or depression, and 30 young, healthy adults were assessed for 5-7 days at home."	1.31	Circadian abnormalities in older adults. ( Elliott, JA; Klauber, MR; Kripke, DF; Youngstedt, SD, 2001)
"Analgesic overuse, insomnia, depression, and anxiety are disorders that are often comorbid with CM."	1.31	Hypothalamic involvement in chronic migraine. ( Abucham, J; Cipolla-Neto, J; Peres, MF; Sanchez del Rio, M; Seabra, ML; Silberstein, SD; Tufik, S; Zukerman, E, 2001)
""Midwinter insomnia" (MI), mainly characterized by difficulties in falling asleep at night, is a common complaint during the period of obscuration or "dark period" north of the arctic circle."	1.27	Midwinter insomnia in the subarctic region: evening levels of serum melatonin and cortisol before and after treatment with bright artificial light. ( Bratlid, T; Brenn, T; Hansen, T; Lingjärde, O, 1987)
"Midwinter insomnia (MI) is an initial type insomnia that is typically seen north of the Polar Circle during the "dark period", when the sun does not rise above the horizon."	1.27	Insomnia during the "dark period" in northern Norway. An explorative, controlled trial with light treatment. ( Bratlid, T; Hansen, T; Lingjaerde, O, 1985)

Research

Studies (418)

Authors

Clinical Trials (58)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Sleep Latency Will be Measured for the Circadin 2/5 mg and Placebo by a Sleep and Nap Diary After 13 Weeks of Double-blind Treatment.

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	4 (0.96)	18.7374
1990's	63 (15.07)	18.2507
2000's	135 (32.30)	29.6817
2010's	145 (34.69)	24.3611
2020's	71 (16.99)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Zlotos, DP	1
Jockers, R	1
Cecon, E	1
Rivara, S	3
Witt-Enderby, PA	2
Li, JH	2
Wu, WZ	2
Liu, CY	2
Wang, XQ	2
Qin, S	2
Zhao, YN	2
Xi, HQ	2
Zheng, SY	2
Xu, L	1
Sun, SY	1
Chen, GH	1
Goldman, RD	3
Bongiorno, PB	1
Olcese, JM	1
Shatkin, JP	2
Bueno, APR	1
Savi, FM	1
Alves, IA	1
Bandeira, VAC	1
Roland, JP	1
Bliwise, DL	2
Kennaway, DJ	7
Moderie, C	1
Carrier, J	1
Dang-Vu, TT	1
Cheung, FTW	1
Ho, AWY	1
Chan, JWY	1
Li, X	2
Chan, NY	1
Zhang, J	4
Ho, CS	1
Wing, YK	1
Li, SX	1
Schröder, CM	2
Broquère, MA	1
Claustrat, B	2
Delorme, R	1
Franco, P	1
Lecendreux, M	1
Tordjman, S	1
Palmieri, G	1
Vadalà, M	1
Corazzari, V	1
Palmieri, B	1
Zisapel, N	18
Leelaviwat, N	1
Mekraksakit, P	1
Cross, KM	1
Landis, DM	1
McLain, M	1
Sehgal, L	1
Payne, JD	1
Valiensi, SM	1
Folgueira, A	1
Vera, VA	1
González Cardozo, A	1
Cardinali, DP	13
Rugiero, M	1
Liguori, C	1
Fernandes, M	1
Cerroni, R	1
Ludovisi, R	1
Mercuri, NB	1
Stefani, A	1
Pierantozzi, M	1
Ravikumar, M	1
Mohan, S	1
Velpandian, C	1
Niarchou, M	1
Singer, EV	1
Straub, P	1
Malow, BA	7
Davis, LK	1
De Crescenzo, F	1
D'Alò, GL	1
Ostinelli, EG	1
Ciabattini, M	1
Di Franco, V	1
Watanabe, N	1
Kurtulmus, A	1
Tomlinson, A	1
Mitrova, Z	1
Foti, F	1
Del Giovane, C	1
Quested, DJ	1
Cowen, PJ	2
Barbui, C	1
Amato, L	1
Efthimiou, O	1
Cipriani, A	1
Tracy, EL	1
Wilckens, K	1
Krafty, RT	1
Hasler, BP	1
Hall, MH	1
Buysse, DJ	1
Li, ZR	1
Liu, DG	1
Xie, S	1
Wang, YH	1
Han, YS	1
Li, CY	1
Zou, MS	1
Jiang, HX	1
Song, XJ	1
Zhu, YH	1
Wu, P	2
Du, L	2
Li, ZW	1
Kuehn, BM	1
Poza, JJ	1
Pujol, M	1
Ortega-Albás, JJ	1
Romero, O	1
Choi, K	1
Lee, YJ	1
Park, S	1
Je, NK	1
Suh, HS	1
Meth, EMS	1
Brandão, LEM	1
van Egmond, LT	1
Xue, P	1
Grip, A	1
Wu, J	1
Adan, A	1
Andersson, F	1
Pacheco, AP	1
Uvnäs-Moberg, K	1
Cedernaes, J	1
Benedict, C	1
Ried, K	1
Tamanna, T	1
Matthews, S	1
Sali, A	1
Jalilolghadr, S	1
Roozmehr, S	1
Yazdi, Z	1
Soltanabadi, M	1
Tuft, C	1
Matar, E	1
Menczel Schrire, Z	1
Grunstein, RR	2
Yee, BJ	1
Hoyos, CM	1
Yılmaz, S	1
Öner, P	1
Swanson, LM	1
Raglan, GB	1
Xiong, M	1
Li, F	1
Liu, Z	1
Xie, X	1
Shen, H	1
Li, W	1
Wei, L	1
He, R	1
Popova, VB	1
Leykin, ZN	1
Huang, A	1
Xiao, G	1
Chen, Y	1
Hu, Z	1
Lee, PH	1
Huang, Y	1
Zhuang, Z	1
Zhang, Y	1
Qing, P	1
Zhao, C	1
Mombelli, S	1
Bacaro, V	1
Curati, S	1
Berra, F	1
Sforza, M	1
Castronovo, V	1
Ferini-Strambi, L	2
Galbiati, A	1
Baglioni, C	3
Maruani, J	1
Reynaud, E	1
Chambe, J	1
Palagini, L	5
Bourgin, P	1
Geoffroy, PA	3
Ell, J	1
Schmid, SR	1
Benz, F	1
Spille, L	1
Lack, LC	3
Micic, G	1
Lovato, N	2
Bernardi, K	1
Prono, F	1
Bruni, G	1
Panerai, S	1
Ferri, R	3
Bruni, O	3
Riemann, D	5
Espie, CA	3
Altena, E	1
Arnardottir, ES	2
Bassetti, CLA	1
Bastien, C	1
Berzina, N	1
Bjorvatn, B	2
Dikeos, D	1
Dolenc Groselj, L	2
Ellis, JG	2
Garcia-Borreguero, D	2
Gjerstad, M	2
Gonçalves, M	2
Hertenstein, E	2
Hoedlmoser, K	1
Hion, T	1
Holzinger, B	1
Janku, K	1
Jansson-Fröjmark, M	2
Järnefelt, H	1
Jernelöv, S	1
Jennum, PJ	3
Khachatryan, S	1
Krone, L	1
Kyle, SD	2
Lancee, J	1
Leger, D	3
Lupusor, A	1
Marques, DR	1
Nissen, C	3
Paunio, T	2
Perogamvros, L	1
Pevernagie, D	3
Schabus, M	1
Shochat, T	2
Szentkiralyi, A	1
Van Someren, E	1
van Straten, A	1
Wichniak, A	2
Verbraecken, J	2
Spiegelhalder, K	4
Semenova, NV	3
Madaeva, IM	3
Kolesnikova, LI	3
Johnson, HE	1
Dotson, JM	1
Ellis, CS	1
Hill, KK	1
Angriman, M	1
Melegari, MG	1
Low, TL	1
Choo, FN	1
Tan, SM	1
Rios, P	1
Cardoso, R	1
Morra, D	1
Nincic, V	1
Goodarzi, Z	1
Farah, B	1
Harricharan, S	1
Morin, CM	1
Leech, J	1
Straus, SE	1
Tricco, AC	1
Egan, M	1
Farrell, K	1
Hoey, E	1
McGuire, BE	1
Lydon, HK	1
Huysmans, S	1
De Hert, M	1
Desplenter, F	1
Yennurajalingam, S	1
Carmack, C	1
Balachandran, D	1
Eng, C	1
Lim, B	1
Delgado, M	1
Guzman Gutierrez, D	1
Raznahan, M	1
Park, M	2
Hess, KR	1
Williams, JL	1
Lu, Z	1
Ochoa, J	1
Bruera, E	1
Wei, S	1
Smits, MG	15
Tang, X	1
Kuang, L	1
Meng, H	1
Ni, S	1
Xiao, M	1
Zhou, X	1
Reutrakul, S	1
Crowley, SJ	1
Park, JC	1
Chau, FY	1
Priyadarshini, M	1
Hanlon, EC	1
Danielson, KK	1
Gerber, BS	1
Baynard, T	1
Yeh, JJ	1
McAnany, JJ	1
Shah, YD	1
Stringel, V	1
Pavkovic, I	1
Kothare, SV	1
Cheng, C	1
Song, X	1
Yang, L	1
Deng, D	1
Du, Z	1
Chen, X	1
Zou, T	1
Qiao, L	1
Li, N	1
Zhou, P	1
Zhu, Y	2
Yan, T	1
Kennert, BA	1
Harshorne, TS	1
Kanouse, S	1
Johnson, C	1
Mi, P	1
Gao, Q	1
Feng, ZY	1
Zhang, JW	1
Zhao, X	1
Chen, DY	1
Feng, XZ	1
Dujardin, S	1
Pijpers, A	1
Morera-Fumero, AL	1
Fernandez-Lopez, L	1
Abreu-Gonzalez, P	2
MacMillan, TE	1
Lui, P	1
Wu, RC	1
Cavalcanti, RB	1
Roehrs, TA	1
Auciello, J	1
Tseng, J	1
Whiteside, G	1
Proserpio, P	1
Marra, S	1
Campana, C	1
Agostoni, EC	1
Nobili, L	1
Nappi, RE	1
Vecchierini, MF	1
Kilic-Huck, U	1
Quera-Salva, MA	2
Hernando-Requejo, O	1
Hernando-Requejo, V	1
Requejo Marcos, AM	1
Xu, H	1
Zhang, C	1
Qian, Y	1
Zou, J	1
Liu, Y	1
Zhu, H	1
Meng, L	1
Liu, S	1
Zhang, W	1
Yi, H	1
Guan, J	1
Chen, Z	1
Yin, S	1
Feder, MA	1
Baroni, A	2
Johnson, KP	3
Zarrinnegar, P	1
Maurer, LF	1
Ftouni, S	1
Bisdounis, L	1
Grima, NA	1
Rajaratnam, SMW	4
Mansfield, D	1
McKenzie, D	1
Ponsford, JL	1
Kim, Y	1
Kang, HT	1
Lee, DC	1
Jafari-Koulaee, A	1
Bagheri-Nesami, M	1
Sumsuzzman, DM	1
Choi, J	1
Jin, Y	1
Hong, Y	1
Shang, HT	1
Wan, QY	1
Wang, Y	1
White, B	1
Snyder, HS	1
Patel, MVB	1
Lou, BX	1
Oks, M	1
Banaschewski, T	1
Fuentes, J	1
Hill, CM	1
Hvolby, A	1
Posserud, MB	1
Chun, W	1
Chao, D	1
Qi, H	1
Dongliang, Z	1
Zhenmei, L	1
Jia, L	1
Lopresti, AL	1
Smith, SJ	1
Drummond, PD	1
van Maanen, A	1
Meijer, AM	2
van der Heijden, KB	7
Oort, FJ	1
Anand, S	1
Tong, H	1
Besag, FMC	1
Chan, EW	1
Cortese, S	1
Wong, ICK	1
Kim, SP	1
Kim, JH	1
Kim, BK	1
Kim, HJ	1
Jung, IC	1
Cho, JH	1
Kim, JE	1
Kim, MK	1
Kwon, OJ	1
Kim, AR	1
Park, HJ	1
Seo, BN	1
Fernandez, F	1
Nyhuis, CC	1
Anand, P	1
Demara, BI	1
Ruby, NF	1
Spanò, G	1
Clark, C	1
Edgin, JO	1
Xie, Z	1
Chen, F	1
Li, WA	1
Geng, X	1
Li, C	1
Meng, X	1
Feng, Y	1
Liu, W	1
Yu, F	1
Matheson, E	1
Hainer, BL	1
Chang, WP	1
Lin, CC	1
Bassetti, C	1
Parrino, L	1
Weeß, HG	1
Zavalko, I	1
Deleanu, OC	1
Strazisar, B	1
Zoetmulder, M	1
Flynn-Evans, EE	1
Shekleton, JA	1
Miller, B	1
Epstein, LJ	1
Kirsch, D	1
Brogna, LA	1
Burke, LM	1
Bremer, E	1
Murray, JM	2
Gehrman, P	1
Lockley, SW	2
Gringras, P	2
Nir, T	7
Breddy, J	1
Frydman-Marom, A	2
Findling, RL	1
Grau, K	1
Plener, PL	1
Heminger, B	1
Sheridan, DJ	1
Bairova, TA	2
Zhambalova, RM	2
Sholokhov, LF	1
Lewis, SR	1
Pritchard, MW	1
Schofield-Robinson, OJ	1
Alderson, P	1
Smith, AF	1
Berring-Uldum, A	1
Debes, NMM	1
Pedersen, CR	1
Holst, H	1
Arushanyan, EB	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Multimodal Therapy for the Treatment of Sleep Disturbance in Patients With Cancer[NCT01628029]	Phase 2	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-15	Active, not recruiting
SurgerySMART: Studying Melatonin and Recovery in Teens[NCT06093477]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-07-31	Not yet recruiting
An Observational Study Investigating the Experience of Patients Undergoing Active Insomnia Clinical Trials[NCT05978271]		500 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2024-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Study of the Efficacy of Melatonin in the Burning Mouth Syndrome[NCT03788733]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-12-14	Recruiting
Efficacy of Cranial Manual Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Insomnia Disorder[NCT05257317]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-28	Recruiting
A Randomised Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial on Encapsulated Lemon Balm Efficacy and Tolerance on Sleep Quality Changes, and Mood and Wellbeing Effects Using Objective and Subjective Measures[NCT05422599]		99 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-05-05	Completed
Efficiency of a Nursing Intervention in Sleep Hygiene in Prediabetes and Diabetes Mellitus 2[NCT03857802]		86 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-01	Completed
Determination of Optimal Sleep Treatment Elements (The DOSE Project)[NCT05561829]		489 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-09-08	Active, not recruiting
Treatment of Insomnia in Primary Care Study[NCT06149273]		250 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-31	Not yet recruiting
Sleep Restriction Therapy for Insomnia Delivered as Group Therapy in Primary Health Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04975776]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-01	Recruiting
A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study of the Effects of Different Therapy Regimens on Menopausal Sleep Disorders[NCT06117969]	Phase 4	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-01	Not yet recruiting
A Clinical Investigation of the Effects of Acu-TENS and Acupressure on the Sleep Quality of Older Adults With Insomnia: A Pilot Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial[NCT05410288]		76 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-06-01	Completed
A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Circadin® to Alleviate Sleep Disturbances in Children With Neurodevelopmental Disabilities[NCT01906866]	Phase 3	125 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-10-31	Completed
Study of the Influence of an Osteopathic Treatment Protocol on the Improvement of Sleep: a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT05899972]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-01	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Melatonin Administration on the PER1 and BMAL1 Clock Genes in Patients With Parkinson's Disease[NCT04287543]	Phase 2/Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-31	Withdrawn (stopped due to Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we were unable to begin the study)
A Double-blind, Parallel Group, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study of the Efficacy of Circadin® 2mg in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer Disease (AD) Treated With Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitor[NCT00940589]	Phase 2	73 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
A Pilot, Open-label Study to Evaluate the Effects of a Prostate Health Formulation on Scores Attained From the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) Questionnaire Among Overall Healthy Male Participants Who Report Lower Urinary Tract Complaints[NCT02886832]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-09-21	Completed
Efficacy of Melatony Versus Sleep Deprivation for EEG Recordings in Sleep: a Randomized Crossed-over Study in Pediatric Patients With Epilepsy[NCT05654415]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-09-01	Active, not recruiting
Intervention to Improve Sleep Quality in Caregivers of Palliative Care Patients in the Community: Clinical Trial[NCT04491110]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-09-01	Completed
Melatonin in Youth: N-of-1 Trials in a Stimulant-treated Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Population[NCT02333149]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-01	Withdrawn (stopped due to Issues surrounding the current COVID-19 pandemic.)
Impact of Night-time Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Infusion on Sleep Quality of Patients With Mechanical Ventilation in ICU: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT05718024]	Phase 4	174 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-31	Not yet recruiting
A Multicomponent Intervention for Prevention and Treatment of Sleep Disturbances in a Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit: A Before-After, Randomized, Controlled Trial[NCT04995263]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-22	Recruiting
Impact of Low-dose Dexmedetomidine on Outcomes of Elderly Admitted to ICU After Noncardiac Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04204798]		1,410 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-28	Recruiting
Impact of Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine on Sleep Quality in Mechanical Ventilation Patients After Surgery in Intensive Care Unit: a Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial[NCT03335527]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-17	Completed
Sleep Thermography for Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)[NCT04206449]		198 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-10	Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study: Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Agomelatine in the Treatment of Sleep Disorders and Depression in Patients With Parkinson's Disease[NCT03977441]	Phase 4	240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-07-31	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Study of the Effects of VEC-162 on Circadian Rhythm in Healthy Subjects[NCT00490945]	Phase 2	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-07-31	Completed
A Single Center, Open Label Prospective Observational Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effects of Tasimelteon in Participants With REM Behavior Disorder (RBD)[NCT05922995]	Early Phase 1	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-30	Not yet recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of VEC-162 and Matching Placebo in Healthy Male and Female Subjects With Induced Transient Insomnia[NCT00291187]	Phase 3	411 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-02-28	Completed
A Phase 3, Open-label, Fixed-dose Study to Determine the Safety of Long-term Administration of TAK-375 in Subjects With Chronic Insomnia[NCT00671086]	Phase 3	1,213 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-02-28	Completed
Feasibility and Efficacy of an Internet-delivered Cognitive-behavioral Intervention for Insomnia in a National Cohort of Danish Breast Cancer Survivors[NCT02444026]		225 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Recruiting
The Effectiveness of Melatonin in Prevention of Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis[NCT03833570]	Phase 2	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-12	Completed
"Melatonin for Migraine Prevention in Adolescents: A Pilot Remote Trial: The BRAiN-M Study"[NCT02344316]	Phase 2	31 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Completed
Melatonin for Adolescent Migraine Prevention Study (The MAP Study).[NCT03150797]	Phase 2	72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-02	Terminated (stopped due to Insufficient Fund)
A Double-blind, Parallel Group, Randomised, Placebo Controlled Study of Efficacy and Safety of Circadin® 2 mg in the Treatment of Insomnia Patients With Low Endogenous Melatonin[NCT00397189]	Phase 3	930 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-10-31	Completed
Study of add-on Ramelteon Therapy on Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disruption in Patients With Schizophrenia[NCT03075657]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-01	Completed
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of the Efficacy of Melatonin in the Prophylaxis of SARS-coronavirus-2 Infection Among High Risk Contacts.[NCT04353128]	Phase 2/Phase 3	450 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-20	Completed
Melatonin Randomized Trial for Insomnia in the Elderly[NCT00230737]	Phase 2	27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-10-31	Completed
Is Dietary Melatonin Supplementation a Viable Adjunctive Therapy for Chronic Periodontitis? A Preliminary Randomized Clinical Trial.[NCT03368430]	Phase 4	74 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-04	Completed
The Effect of alpha1- Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist Therapy on Cardiac and Striatal Transporter Uptake in Pre-Motor and Symptomatic Parkinson's Disease: A Follow up Study[NCT05109364]	Phase 2	15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-23	Recruiting
The Effect of Adrenergic Blocker Therapy on Cardiac and Striatal Transporter Uptake in Pre-Motor and Symptomatic Parkinson's Disease[NCT03775096]	Phase 2	15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-04-04	Recruiting
Melatonin Supplementation in Hypertensive Patients[NCT00238108]	Phase 2	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-10-31	Completed
Follow-up Studies of PS and OSAHS in Chinese Children[NCT02447614]		500 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2014-11-30	Completed
Regulating Mood and Suicidal Ideation With Morning Light Exposure Treatment[NCT05616819]		480 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-01	Not yet recruiting
The Difference in Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Profiles Between Tentin and Magisterial Dexamfetamine in Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, a Double Blinded Randomised Crossover-controlled Trial[NCT05621174]		26 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-14	Recruiting
Self-acupressure for Cancer-related Symptom Cluster of Insomnia, Depression, and Anxiety in Cancer Patients: a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03823456]		114 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-12-04	Recruiting
Exploratory Study of Melatonin Induced Sleep Regularization in Severe Brain Injury[NCT02732288]		1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Terminated (stopped due to Interrupted by Covid-19)
Premedication With Melatonin vs. Placebo in Patients Undergoing Interventional Pain Procedure[NCT02415309]	Phase 3	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-31	Completed
Sleep and Circadian Regulation in Diabetic Retinopathy: The Role of Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells and Melatonin Supplementation[NCT04547439]	Phase 2	36 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-02-03	Recruiting
Characterization of Endogenous Melatonin Profiles in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.[NCT00691080]		58 participants (Actual)	Observational	2007-09-30	Completed
The Therapeutic Effect of Melatonin in Pediatric Patients With Functional Dyspepsia[NCT04684199]		14 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Completed
Prolonged-release Melatonin Versus Placebo for Benzodiazepine Discontinuation in Patients With Schizophrenia: a Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT01431092]	Phase 4	86 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
Restoration of Sleep in Heart Failure Patients[NCT00869869]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Withdrawn (stopped due to No subjects were enrolled in this study. Funding ran out.)
Premedication With Melatonin and Alprazolam Combination Versus Alprazolam or Melatonin Alone: a Randomized, Double Blind Placebo Controlled Study[NCT01486615]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
[NCT00005401]		0 participants	Observational	1995-08-31	Completed
[NCT00005297]		0 participants	Observational	1990-04-30	Completed
Melatonin Entrainment of Elderly Blind Free-runners[NCT00692094]		12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-08-31	Terminated (stopped due to Unique provision in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act prevented approval of second year no-cost-extension in which completion of analyses were planned.)
Effects of Bright Light Treatment on Daytime Sleepiness and Nocturnal Sleep in Patients With Parkinson's Disease[NCT01338649]		27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-11-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

questionnaire - To compare the treatment effect of Circadin® 2/5 mg minitablets to that of placebo on sleep latency as derived from a Sleep and Nap Diary after 13 weeks of double-blind treatment (NCT01906866)
Timeframe: 13 weeks

The Total Sleep Time Will be Measured for the Circadin 2/5 mg and Placebo by a Sleep and Nap Diary Questionnaire After the 13 Week, Double-blind Treatment Period.

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Circadin 2/5/10 mg	-37.77
Placebo	-12.57

Total Sleep Time - To compare the treatment effect of Circadin® 2/5 mg minitablets to that of placebo on total sleep time (TST) as assessed by the Sleep and Nap Diary after 13 weeks of double-blind treatment (NCT01906866)
Timeframe: 13 weeks

Change From Baseline to 24 Weeks in ADAS-cog

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Circadin 2/5/10 mg	51.03
Placebo	18.71

ADAS-cog (Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale) is a cognitive testing instrument used in clinical trials. It consists of 11 tasks measuring the disturbances of memory, language, praxis, attention, and other cognitive abilities that are often referred to as the core symptoms of AD. The test comprises 11 items summed to a total score ranging from 0 to 70, with lower scores indicating less severe impairment. A negative change indicates an improvement from baseline. ADAS-cog was measured at base line and at end of treatment after 24 weeks. (NCT00940589)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

Change From Baseline to 24 Weeks in iADL

Intervention	Scores on a scale (Mean)
Circadin	0.45
Placebo	0.19

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (iADL). The scale rates activities that represent key life tasks that people need to manage. These tasks are valuable for evaluating persons with early-stage disease, both to assess the level of disease and to determine the person's ability to care for himself or herself. Scores of 0 or 1 are given to every task (Bathing, Dressing, Tolieting, transferring, Continence and Feeding) to a total score of 6. , while 0 represents a patient who is very dependent and 6 represents patient who is independent. iADL was measured at base line and at end of treatment after 24 weeks. (NCT00940589)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

Change From Baseline to 24 Weeks in MMSE

Intervention	Scores on a scale (Mean)
Circadin	0.77
Placebo	1.62

The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a brief assessment instrument used to assess cognitive function in elderly patients. The MMSE can be used to screen for cognitive impairment and as a measurement of cognition over time and with pharmacologic treatment. The instrument is divided into 2 sections. The first section measures orientation, memory, and attention: the maximum score is 21. The second section tests the ability of the patient to name objects, follow verbal and written commands, write a sentence, and copy figures: the maximum score is 9. The scoring range for the MMSE is 0-30. Higher score represents better performance. MMSE was measured at base line and at end of treatment after 24 weeks. (NCT00940589)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

Circadian Phase Shift

Intervention	Scores on a scale (Mean)
Circadin	-0.3
Placebo	-1.9

Exposure response to VEC-162 on induction of circadian phase shift as measured by Dim Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO) was defined as the time change between Night 3 and Night 4 when melatonin production reached 25% of the maximum melatonin concentration. Samples below LOQ of the melatonin assay were assigned 5 pg/ml. (NCT00490945)
Timeframe: Night 3 and Night 4

VEC-162 AUC

VEC-162 Cmax

VEC-162 Tmax

Mean Sleep Efficiency

Intervention	Hours (Mean)
Placebo	-0.48
10 mg VEC-162	0.18
20 mg VEC-162	-1.14
50 mg VEC-162	-0.50
100 mg VEC-162	-2.74

Intervention	ng*hr/mL (Mean)
10 mg VEC-162	171.73
20 mg VEC-162	482.00
50 mg VEC-162	614.34
100 mg VEC-162	1916.06

Intervention	ng/mL (Mean)
10 mg VEC-162	59.10
20 mg VEC-162	139.94
50 mg VEC-162	166.01
100 mg VEC-162	417.80

Intervention	hour (Mean)
10 mg VEC-162	1.90
20 mg VEC-162	2.04
50 mg VEC-162	2.42
100 mg VEC-162	3.03

Exposure response was measured by comparing the change in sleep efficiencies of VEC-162 and placebo treated subjects upon a sleep schedule phase advance. Sleep efficiency (total time asleep divided by the time allowed as an opportunity for sleep in a period multiplied by 100%, where time allowed for sleep was 8 hours or 480 minutes) was measured objectively by overnight polysomnographic recordings. Sleep efficiency was also compared in parts of the night by dividing the full night into thirds. (NCT00490945)
Timeframe: Night 4 and Night 2

Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO), and Latency to Persistent Sleep (LPS)

Intervention	% points (Mean)
	Full Night (% points)	1st Third of the Night (% points)	2nd Third of the Night (% points)	3rd Third of the NIght (% points)
10 mg VEC-162	-7.77	-0.47	-12.64	-10.51
100 mg VEC-162	-2.02	-5.63	-2.30	1.80
20 mg VEC-162	-6.68	-7.81	-5.11	-7.09
50 mg VEC-162	-5.87	0.95	-2.10	-16.48
Placebo*	-20.27	-12.30	-34.92	-8.06

"Wake After Sleep Onset is defined as the total time that is scored as awake in a PSG occurring between sleep onset and lights-on prompt.~Latency to Persistent Sleep is defined as the number of epochs (one 30-second interval of the sleep episode) from the beginning of the recording (lights-out) to the start of persistent sleep (first 20 consecutive non-wake state) divided by 2." (NCT00490945)
Timeframe: Night 2 and Night 4

Average Improvement in Latency to Non-awake (LNA)

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
	Latency to Persistent Sleep	WASO*
10 mg VEC-162	-8.25	40.56
100 mg VEC-162	-4.17	8.50
20 mg VEC-162	5.00	31.19
50 mg VEC-162	-3.71	31.21
Placebo	15.13	77.00

The average improvement in latency to non-awake (length of time elapsed between lights off and first epoch of sleep determined by PSG) is defined as the difference observed in the VEC-162 treated subjects compared with placebo treated subjects. (NCT00291187)
Timeframe: Night 1

Average Improvement in Total Sleep Time (TST)

Intervention	Minutes (Mean)
Placebo	22.3
VEC-162 20 mg	11.2
VEC-162 50 mg	8.0
VEC-162 100 mg	10.0

The average improvement in Total sleep time (determined by PSG and defined as the number of non-wake minutes between lights off and lights on) is defined as the difference observed in the VEC-162 treated subjects compared with placebo treated subjects. (NCT00291187)
Timeframe: Night 1

Average Improvement of Latency to Persistent Sleep (LPS)

Intervention	Minutes (Mean)
Placebo	317.6
VEC-162 20 mg	351.4
VEC-162 50 mg	365.5
VEC-162 100 mg	347.2

The average improvement in Latency to persistent sleep (the number of minutes between Lights Off and the onset of at least 10 minutes of persistent sleep, as measured by polysomnography) is defined as the difference observed in the VEC-162 treated subjects compared with placebo treated subjects. (NCT00291187)
Timeframe: Night 1

Average Improvement of Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO)

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Placebo	45.8
VEC-162 20 mg	24.3
VEC-162 50 mg	19.6
VEC-162 100 mg	23.1

The average improvement of wake after sleep onset (time spent awake between onset of sleep and lights on, determined by PSG) is defined as the difference observed in the VEC-162 treated subjects compared with placebo treated subjects. (NCT00291187)
Timeframe: Night 1

Headache Diary Compliance Rate

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Placebo	139.3
VEC-162 20 mg	115.1
VEC-162 50 mg	105.6
VEC-162 100 mg	121.9

Number of participants that had ≥85% headache diary compliance during weeks 12-16 of the study. (NCT02344316)
Timeframe: Weeks 12-16 of the study

Medication Adherence as Measured by Number of Openings Per Participant

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Melatonin	11
Placebo	10

eCAP tack caps will be used to measure medication adherence and the number of openings will be recorded per participant. (NCT02344316)
Timeframe: "during the At Home Active Study Period or Weeks 5-16"

Number of Migraine/Migrainous Days Per 28 Day Period

Intervention	Mean Number of Openings (Mean)
Melatonin	39
Placebo	60

Number of Migraine/Migrainous Days Per 28 Day Period in melatonin group and placebo group as measured using an online/mobile device headache diary. (NCT02344316)
Timeframe: final 4 weeks of treatment

Number of Minutes to Sleep Onset

Intervention	days (Mean)
Melatonin	3.6
Placebo	4.9

Number of minutes to sleep onset as measured by a FitBit. (NCT02344316)
Timeframe: 16 weeks

Change in Mean Migraine/Migrainous Days From Weeks 5-8 of Single-blind Treatment Phase to Weeks 5-8 of Randomized Treatment Phase for Each Group.

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Melatonin	15.2
Placebo	17.2

Change in mean migraine/migrainous days from weeks 5-8 of single-blind treatment phase to weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase for each group. (Medians reported when data were not normally distributed). (NCT03150797)
Timeframe: Weeks 5-8 of single-blind treatment phase to weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase.

Mean CASQ (Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire) Score in Weeks 5-8 of Randomized Treatment Phase in Melatonin Treated Group vs. Placebo, and in Each of the Three Pair-wise Group Comparisons.

Intervention	days (Median)
Melatonin 3mg	2
Melatonin 6mg	-1
Placebo Oral Capsule	0

Mean CASQ score in weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase in melatonin treated group vs. placebo, and in each of the three pair-wise group comparisons. The CASQ is a 16-question instrument that uses Likert-like responses and has a score range from 16-80; higher scores indicate greater sleepiness (NCT03150797)
Timeframe: Weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase.

Mean Migraine/Migrainous Days in Weeks 5-8 of Randomized Treatment Phase in Melatonin 3 mg vs. Placebo.

Intervention	points (Mean)
Melatonin 3mg	33
Melatonin 6mg	36
Placebo Oral Capsule	28

Mean migraine/migrainous days in weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase in melatonin 3 mg vs. placebo. (NCT03150797)
Timeframe: Weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase.

Mean Migraine/Migrainous Days in Weeks 5-8 of Randomized Treatment Phase in Melatonin 6 mg vs. Melatonin 3 mg.

Intervention	days (Median)
Melatonin 3mg	2
Melatonin 6mg	2
Placebo Oral Capsule	2

Mean migraine/migrainous days in weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase in melatonin 6 mg vs. melatonin 3 mg. (NCT03150797)
Timeframe: Weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase.

Mean Migraine/Migrainous Days in Weeks 5-8 of Randomized Treatment Phase in Melatonin 6 mg vs. Placebo.

Intervention	days (Median)
Melatonin 3mg	2
Melatonin 6mg	2
Placebo Oral Capsule	2

Mean migraine/migrainous days in weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase in melatonin 6 mg vs. placebo. (Medians reported when data were not normally distributed). (NCT03150797)
Timeframe: Weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase.

Mean Migraine/Migrainous Days in Weeks 5-8 of Randomized Treatment Phase in Melatonin Treated Participants vs. Placebo.

Intervention	days (Median)
Melatonin 3mg	2
Melatonin 6mg	2
Placebo Oral Capsule	2

Mean migraine/migrainous days in weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase in melatonin treated participants vs. placebo. (Ultimately, as the data were not normally distributed, medians were more appropriate). (NCT03150797)
Timeframe: weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase

Number of Days Acute Medication is Used in Weeks 5-8 of Randomized Treatment Phase in Melatonin Treated Group vs. Placebo, and in Each of the Three Pair-wise Group Comparisons.

Intervention	days (Median)
Melatonin 3mg	2
Melatonin 6mg	2
Placebo Oral Capsule	2

Number of days acute medication is used in weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase in melatonin treated group vs. placebo, and in each of the three pair-wise group comparisons. This refers to the number of days that medication for the acute treatment of headache was used during the time frame. (NCT03150797)
Timeframe: Weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase.

Number of Headache Days in Weeks 5-8 of Randomized Treatment Phase in Melatonin Treated Group vs. Placebo, and in Each of the Three Pair-wise Group Comparisons.

Intervention	days (Median)
Melatonin 3mg	5
Melatonin 6mg	3
Placebo Oral Capsule	3

Number of headache days in weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase in melatonin treated group vs. placebo, and in each of the three pair-wise group comparisons. This refers to number of headache days during the time period--regardless of whether they were migraine or not. (NCT03150797)
Timeframe: Weeks 5-8 of randomized treatment phase.

The Change From Baseline in Subjective Sleep Latency.

Intervention	days (Median)
Melatonin 3mg	8
Melatonin 6mg	4
Placebo Oral Capsule	5

Sleep latency (SL) after 3 weeks of treatment was assessed by Patient Daily Sleep Diary (National sleep foundation sleep diary). The patients reported subjectively of their SL. The Sleep Diary question 3 (SL) was summarised at baseline (end of the two-week run-in period) and after three weeks double-blind treatment (actual and change from baseline) for each treatment group using descriptive statistics. At each visit, the mean of the seven days prior to the visit were used. For each treatment group, the mean score at visit 3 was compared, adjusting for the visit 2 score. An ANCOVA model was used. Lower score indicates reduction in sleep latency and thus considered improvement (NCT00397189)
Timeframe: Baseline and 3 weeks

The Change From Baseline in Subjective Sleep Maintenance.

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Circadin	-19.1
Placebo	-1.7

Sleep maintenance as measured by number of awakening (NOA) after 3 weeks of treatment was assessed by Patient Daily Sleep Diary (National sleep foundation sleep diary). The patients reported subjectively of their NOA. The Sleep Diary question 4 (NOA) was summarized at baseline (end of the two-week run-in period) and after three weeks double-blind treatment (actual and change from baseline) for each treatment group using descriptive statistics. At each visit, the mean of the seven days prior to the visit were used. For each treatment group, the mean score at visit 3 was compared, adjusting for the visit 2 score. An ANCOVA model was used. Lower score indicates less awakenings and thus considered improvement. (NCT00397189)
Timeframe: 3 weeks

Peak Melatonin Level

Intervention	Awakenings (Mean)
Circadin	-0.24
Placebo	-0.09

Pharmacokinetic analysis of maximum melatonin level (NCT00230737)
Timeframe: day 42

Change in Systolic Blood Pressure

Intervention	pg/ml (Mean)
A: Low Dose	405
B: High Dose	3999
C: Control	52

Systolic blood pressure as measured by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (NCT00238108)
Timeframe: Measurement after 3 weeks of supplementation compared to baseline

Sleep Quality

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
Melatonin	-0.2
Placebo	-0.4

Sleep efficiency as measured by polysomnography (total time asleep as a percentage of the 8-hour sleep opportunity) (NCT00238108)
Timeframe: Measurement after 3 weeks of supplementation

Amount of Propofol Consumption

Intervention	% (% asleep during 8 hour opportunity) (Mean)
Melatonin	88.1
Placebo	80.5

Dose of propofol needed for loss of response to verbal command was noted at the time of induction of general anesthesia. The lesser the propofol needed for the loss of response to verbal command, the better the outcome. (NCT01486615)
Timeframe: 1 - 2 hour after premedication

Change in VAS Anxiety Score Relative to Baseline After Premedication

Intervention	mg (Mean)
Melatonin	79.2
Melatonin and Alprazolam	65.5
Alprazolam	59.0
Placebo	75.8

VAS (Visual Analogue Score) Anxiety Scale is a 10 cm long scale with two sides, the patient side (front) and the clinicians side (back). The extremes of the front are colored as white and black with a gradual darkening of color from white to black. The back is marked in centimeter from 0 to 10 and 0 correlates with white color (no anxiety at all) and 10 correlates to black color (anxiety as bad as ever can be) on the front. As anxiety is worsened, the color is darker and score is more. The maximum score is 10 and minimum 0. The patient is asked to point on the scale according to his anxiety level. The anxiety score is the correlating number on the clinicians side. The more the reduction in anxiety from baseline, the better the outcome. (NCT01486615)
Timeframe: Change from baseline in VAS anxiety score at 15 minutes after premedication

Change in VAS Anxiety Score Relative to Baseline at 30 Minutes After Premedication

Intervention	Centimeter (Mean)
Melatonin	0.35
Melatonin and Alprazolam	0.70
Alprazolam	0.65
Placebo	0.25

VAS (Visual Analogue Score) Anxiety Scale is a 10 cm long scale with two sides, the patient side (front) and the clinicians side (back). The extremes of the front are colored as white and black with a gradual darkening of color from white to black. The back is marked in centimeter from 0 to 10 and 0 correlates with white color (no anxiety at all) and 10 correlates to black color (anxiety as bad as ever can be) on the front. As anxiety is worsened, the color is darker and score is more. The maximum score is 10 and minimum 0. The patient is asked to point on the scale according to his anxiety level. The anxiety score is the correlating number on the clinicians side. The more the reduction in anxiety from baseline, the better the outcome. (NCT01486615)
Timeframe: Changes from baseline in VAS anxiety score at 30 minutes after premedication

Change in VAS Anxiety Score Relative to Baseline at One Hour After Premedication

Intervention	centimeter (Mean)
Melatonin	1.15
Melatonin and Alprazolam	1.72
Alprazolam	1.62
Placebo	0.82

VAS (Visual Analogue Score) Anxiety Scale is a 10 cm long scale with two sides, the patient side (front) and the clinicians side (back). The extremes of the front are colored as white and black with a gradual darkening of color from white to black. The back is marked in centimeter from 0 to 10 and 0 correlates with white color (no anxiety at all) and 10 correlates to black color (anxiety as bad as ever can be) on the front. As anxiety is worsened, the color is darker and score is more. The maximum score is 10 and minimum 0. The patient is asked to point on the scale according to his anxiety level. The anxiety score is the correlating number on the clinicians side. The more the reduction in anxiety from baseline, the better the outcome. (NCT01486615)
Timeframe: Changes from baseline in VAS anxiety score at one hour after premedication

Number of Patients With Intact Memory

Intervention	Centimeter (Mean)
Melatonin	1.80
Melatonin and Alprazolam	2.92
Alprazolam	2.35
Placebo	0.85

Number of patients who recalled or recognized the picture number five shown one hour after premedication. The more the number of patients with intact memory, the better the outcome. (NCT01486615)
Timeframe: 24 hour after surgery

Number of Patients With Loss of Memory for Being Transferred to Operating Room.

Intervention	Participants (Number)
Melatonin	13
Melatonin and Alprazolam	4
Alprazolam	5
Placebo	14

Patients were asked whether they recalled the event of being transferred to the operating room before anaesthesia. The lesser the number of patients with amnesia, the better the outcome. (NCT01486615)
Timeframe: 24 hour after surgery

Orientation Score

Intervention	Participants (Number)
Melatonin	1
Melatonin and Alprazolam	5
Alprazolam	4
Placebo	0

Orientation was assessed with a 3 point scale (0=none, 1=orientation in either time or place, 2=orientation in both). Minimum score is 0 and maximum is 2. The lesser the score, the lesser the effect on patients cognition and the better the outcome. (NCT01486615)
Timeframe: Orientation score at one hour after premedication

Sedation Score at One Hour After Premedication

Intervention	units on a scale (Median)
Melatonin	2
Melatonin and Alprazolam	2
Alprazolam	2
Placebo	2

Sedation level was assessed with a 5 point scale (0=alert, 1=arouses to voice, 2=arouses with gentle tactile stimulation, 3=arouses with vigorous tactile stimulation, 4=lack of responsiveness). Minimum score is 0 and Maximum is 4. The lesser the score, the better the outcome. (NCT01486615)
Timeframe: Sedation score at 1 hour after the premedication

Change in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) Scores Comparing the Bright Light Exposure With Dim-red Light Exposure.

Intervention	units on a scale (Median)
Melatonin	0.5
Melatonin and Alprazolam	1
Alprazolam	1
Placebo	0

ESS score range is 0-24; lower ESS scores indicate less daytime sleepiness; higher ESS scores indicate more severe sleepiness ESS will be taken and compared at screening and week 4 visits between the bright light exposure and dim-red light exposure groups. (NCT01338649)
Timeframe: baseline and 4 weeks

Intervention	score (Mean)
Bright White	4.46
Dim Red Light	1.77

Article	Year
[Effect of Tiaoshen needling on plasma melatonin and cortisol in patients with chronic insomnia]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research, 2021, Aug-25, Volume: 46, Issue:8 Topics: Acupuncture Points; Acupuncture Therapy; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Mel	2021
[Therapeutic approaches for sleep and rhythms disorders in children with ASD]. L'Encephale, 2022, Volume: 48, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Humans; Melatonin; Quality of Life; Sleep; Sleep Initia	2022
[Acupoint compatibility effect and mechanism of Shenmen (HT7) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) in improving daytime fatigue and sleepiness of insomnia]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research, 2022, Jul-25, Volume: 47, Issue:7 Topics: Acupuncture Points; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Fatigue; Humans; Melatonin; Sleep Initiation and Ma	2022
Medicinal cannabis improves sleep in adults with insomnia: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Journal of sleep research, 2023, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Medical Marijuana; Melatonin; Sleep; Sleep I	2023
The effect of treatment with melatonin on primary school aged children with difficulty in initiation and maintenance of sleep. The Turkish journal of pediatrics, 2022, Volume: 64, Issue:6 Topics: Child; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Melatonin; Schools; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Diso	2022
[Comparative study of the clinical efficacy and safety of the fixed dose combination Levroso Long with Melaxen and Diphenhydramine in patients with insomnia]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2023, Volume: 123, Issue:5. Vyp. 2 Topics: Diphenhydramine; Humans; Melatonin; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Treatment Out	2023
Acupoint combination effect of Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) in treating insomnia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 2020, Mar-12, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Acetylcholine; Acupuncture Points; Biomarkers; Dopamine; Electroacupuncture; Humans; Melatonin; Mult	2020
Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. Sleep medicine, 2020, Volume: 76 Topics: China; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance	2020
The acute effects of sleep restriction therapy for insomnia on circadian timing and vigilance. Journal of sleep research, 2021, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Attention; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Sleep; Sleep Depri	2021
Poorer sleep quality predicts melatonin response in patients with traumatic brain injury: findings from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2021, 08-01, Volume: 17, Issue:8 Topics: Australia; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Humans; Melatonin; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders;	2021
Melatonin Supplementation for Six Weeks Had No Effect on Arterial Stiffness and Mitochondrial DNA in Women Aged 55 Years and Older with Insomnia: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021, 03-04, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Dietary Supplements; DNA, Mitochondrial; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Melatonin; Middle Aged	2021
[Effect of electroacupuncture on serum melatonin and dopamine in aged insomnia]. Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion, 2021, May-12, Volume: 41, Issue:5 Topics: Acupuncture Points; Aged; Dopamine; Electroacupuncture; Humans; Melatonin; Sleep Initiation and Main	2021
An investigation into an evening intake of a saffron extract (affron®) on sleep quality, cortisol, and melatonin concentrations in adults with poor sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-dose study. Sleep medicine, 2021, Volume: 86 Topics: Adult; Crocus; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Melatonin; Plant Extracts; Sleep; Sleep	2021
Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. Sleep, 2017, Feb-01, Volume: 40, Issue:2 Topics: Central Nervous System Depressants; Child; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Pho	2017
Electroacupuncture for insomnia disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 2017, 04-13, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Clinical Protocols; Electroacupuncture; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Melatonin; Midd	2017
Efficacy and Safety of Pediatric Prolonged-Release Melatonin for Insomnia in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2017, Volume: 56, Issue:11 Topics: Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Central Nervous	2017
Withdrawal from long-term use of zopiclone, zolpidem and temazepam may improve perceived sleep and quality of life in older adults with primary insomnia. Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology, 2019, Volume: 124, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azabicyclo Compounds; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Se	2019
Is dietary melatonin supplementation a viable adjunctive therapy for chronic periodontitis?-A randomized controlled clinical trial. Journal of periodontal research, 2019, Volume: 54, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Chronic Periodontitis; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Male; Melat	2019
Sleep regularity is associated with sleep-wake and circadian timing, and mediates daytime function in Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder. Sleep medicine, 2019, Volume: 58 Topics: Adult; Australia; Biological Variation, Population; Case-Control Studies; Central Nervous System Dep	2019
Melatonin for sedative withdrawal in older patients with primary insomnia: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2014, Volume: 77, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Melaton	2014
[Treatment with ramelteon for sleep disturbance in severely disabled children and young adults]. No to hattatsu = Brain and development, 2013, Volume: 45, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Indenes; Male; Melatonin; Sleep; Sleep I	2013
Use of sleep medication in children with ADHD. Sleep medicine, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Anxiety Disorders; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders; Attention Defici	2014
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin on breast cancer survivors: impact on sleep, mood, and hot flashes. Breast cancer research and treatment, 2014, Volume: 145, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Affect; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Breast Neoplasms; Depression; Double-Blind Method; Female; H	2014
Add-on prolonged-release melatonin for cognitive function and sleep in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Clinical interventions in aging, 2014, Volume: 9 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognition; Delayed-Action Pre	2014
Add-on prolonged-release melatonin for cognitive function and sleep in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Clinical interventions in aging, 2014, Volume: 9 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognition; Delayed-Action Pre	2014
Add-on prolonged-release melatonin for cognitive function and sleep in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Clinical interventions in aging, 2014, Volume: 9 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognition; Delayed-Action Pre	2014
Add-on prolonged-release melatonin for cognitive function and sleep in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Clinical interventions in aging, 2014, Volume: 9 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognition; Delayed-Action Pre	2014
Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Sleep medicine, 2015, Volume: 16, Issue:5 Topics: Child; Cross-Over Studies; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography;	2015
[Melatonin in the correction of sleep in post-stroke patients]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2015, Volume: 115, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Polysomnography; Quality of Life; Sleep Initiati	2015
Objective and subjective sleep quality: Melatonin versus placebo add-on treatment in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder withdrawing from long-term benzodiazepine use. Psychiatry research, 2016, 06-30, Volume: 240 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Bipolar Disorder; Central Nervous System Depressants;	2016
Melatonin in Youth: N-of-1 trials in a stimulant-treated ADHD Population (MYNAP): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 2016, 07-29, Volume: 17 Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Clinical Protocols	2016
Melatonin for chronic insomnia in Angelman syndrome: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of child neurology, 2008, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Angelman Syndrome; Central Nervous System Depressants; Child; Child, Preschool; D	2008
Efficacy of wrists overnight compression (HT 7 point) on insomniacs: possible role of melatonin? Minerva medica, 2008, Volume: 99, Issue:6 Topics: Acupressure; Acupuncture Points; Aged; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male;	2008
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Feb-07, Volume: 373, Issue:9662 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Pol	2009
Safety and subjective sleep effects of ramelteon administration in adults and older adults with chronic primary insomnia: a 1-year, open-label study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2009, Volume: 70, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Indenes;	2009
Zaleplon increases nocturnal melatonin secretion in humans. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2009, Aug-31, Volume: 33, Issue:6 Topics: Acetamides; Adult; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypnotics and	2009
The effect of prolonged-release melatonin on sleep measures and psychomotor performance in elderly patients with insomnia. International clinical psychopharmacology, 2009, Volume: 24, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography; F	2009
Melatonin decreases daytime challenging behaviour in persons with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia. Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2010, Jan-01, Volume: 54, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Intel	2010
Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT. Psychopharmacology, 2010, Volume: 212, Issue:3 Topics: Actigraphy; Child; Circadian Rhythm; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Adm	2010
Nightly treatment of primary insomnia with prolonged release melatonin for 6 months: a randomized placebo controlled trial on age and endogenous melatonin as predictors of efficacy and safety. BMC medicine, 2010, Aug-16, Volume: 8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind M	2010
Prolonged release melatonin in the treatment of primary insomnia: evaluation of the age cut-off for short- and long-term response. Current medical research and opinion, 2011, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Admi	2011
The effect of melatonin, magnesium, and zinc on primary insomnia in long-term care facility residents in Italy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2011, Volume: 59, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Central Nervous System Depressants; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Co	2011
Evaluation of sleep, puberty and mental health in children with long-term melatonin treatment for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia. Psychopharmacology, 2011, Volume: 216, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Central Nervous System Depressants; Child; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Mela	2011
Is melatonin an adjunctive stabilizer? Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2012, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Central Nervous System Depressants; Humans; Melatonin; Sleep Initiation and Mainte	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. Journal of pineal research, 2012, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve;	2012
Laboratory validation of an in-home method for assessing circadian phase using dim light melatonin onset (DLMO). Sleep medicine, 2012, Volume: 13, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Chemistry, Clinical; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Lighting; Male; Melatonin; Middl	2012
Controlled-release melatonin, singly and combined with cognitive behavioural therapy, for persistent insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of sleep research, 2012, Volume: 21, Issue:6 Topics: Actigraphy; Child; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive; Child, Preschool; Cognitive Behavioral Th	2012
Melatonin treatment effects on adolescent students' sleep timing and sleepiness in a placebo-controlled crossover study. Chronobiology international, 2012, Volume: 29, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Drug Chronotherapy; Female; H	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Actigraphy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Me	2012
Analgesic and sedative effects of melatonin in temporomandibular disorders: a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. Journal of pain and symptom management, 2013, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Central Nervous System Depressants; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hu	2013
Does melatonin improve sleep in older people? A randomised crossover trial. Age and ageing, 2003, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; S	2003
Melatonin-controlled release - neurim pharmaceuticals. Circadin, melatonin-prolonged release, melatonin-sustained release. Drugs in R&D, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Age Factors; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drugs, Investigational; Dyskinesia,	2003
Melatonin for treatment of sleeping disorders in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a preliminary open label study. European journal of pediatrics, 2003, Volume: 162, Issue:7-8 Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Central Nervous System Depressants; Central Nervous S	2003
Treatment of primary insomnia with melatonin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2003, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Cross-Over Studies; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders	2003
Brief report: melatonin facilitates sleep in individuals with mental retardation and insomnia. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2003, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Admini	2003
Melatonin improves health status and sleep in children with idiopathic chronic sleep-onset insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2003, Volume: 42, Issue:11 Topics: Antioxidants; Child; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Female; Health Status; Humans; Male; Mela	2003
Determination of the minimal clinically significant difference on a patient visual analog sleep quality scale. Journal of sleep research, 2003, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antioxidants; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Severity	2003
Cross-cultural validation of the Leeds sleep evaluation questionnaire (LSEQ) in insomnia patients. Human psychopharmacology, 2003, Volume: 18, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Female; Humans; Langua	2003
Nocturnal 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion in insomnia and its relation to the response to melatonin replacement therapy. The American journal of medicine, 2004, Jan-15, Volume: 116, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Male; Melato	2004
Acupuncture increases nocturnal melatonin secretion and reduces insomnia and anxiety: a preliminary report. The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2004,Winter, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Acupuncture; Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Humans; Male;	2004
Diagnosis of cow's milk allergy avoided melatonin intake in infant with insomnia. Sleep, 2004, Nov-01, Volume: 27, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Cattle; Diagnosis, Differential; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Inf	2004
The efficacy and safety of the melatonin agonist beta-methyl-6-chloromelatonin in primary insomnia: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2005, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug	2005
Prediction of melatonin efficacy by pretreatment dim light melatonin onset in children with idiopathic chronic sleep onset insomnia. Journal of sleep research, 2005, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Child; Circadian Rhythm; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Lighting; Male; Melatonin; Po	2005
Effect of melatonin-rich night-time milk on sleep and activity in elderly institutionalized subjects. Nordic journal of psychiatry, 2005, Volume: 59, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aging; Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dose-Respon	2005
An efficacy, safety, and dose-response study of Ramelteon in patients with chronic primary insomnia. Sleep medicine, 2006, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Bli	2006
Effect of short-wave (6-22 MHz) magnetic fields on sleep quality and melatonin cycle in humans: the Schwarzenburg shut-down study. Bioelectromagnetics, 2006, Volume: 27, Issue:2 Topics: Circadian Rhythm; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Prevalence;	2006
Influence of melatonin on fatigue severity in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and late melatonin secretion. European journal of neurology, 2006, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Circadian Rhythm; Drug Administration Schedule; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Humans; Melatonin; Sleep	2006
Sleep hygiene and melatonin treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD and initial insomnia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Arousal; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-O	2006
Sleep hygiene and melatonin treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD and initial insomnia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Arousal; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-O	2006
Sleep hygiene and melatonin treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD and initial insomnia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Arousal; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-O	2006
Sleep hygiene and melatonin treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD and initial insomnia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Arousal; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-O	2006
Effect of melatonin on sleep, behavior, and cognition in ADHD and chronic sleep-onset insomnia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2007, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Chronic Disease; Cir	2007
Melatonin in schizophrenic outpatients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2007, Volume: 68, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative	2007
Melatonin in schizophrenic outpatients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2007, Volume: 68, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative	2007
Melatonin in schizophrenic outpatients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2007, Volume: 68, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative	2007
Melatonin in schizophrenic outpatients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2007, Volume: 68, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative	2007
Is melatonin helpful in stopping the long-term use of hypnotics? A discontinuation trial. Pharmacy world & science : PWS, 2007, Volume: 29, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Benzodiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Mela	2007
Efficacy of prolonged release melatonin in insomnia patients aged 55-80 years: quality of sleep and next-day alertness outcomes. Current medical research and opinion, 2007, Volume: 23, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Mel	2007
Prolonged-release melatonin improves sleep quality and morning alertness in insomnia patients aged 55 years and older and has no withdrawal effects. Journal of sleep research, 2007, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Arousal; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Mi	2007
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of controlled release melatonin treatment of delayed sleep phase syndrome and impaired sleep maintenance in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Journal of pineal research, 2008, Volume: 44, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Central Nervous System Depressants; Child; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive; Child	2008
Melatonin for insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of child neurology, 2008, Volume: 23, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Antioxidants; Autistic Disorder; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Female; Human	2008
Melatonin treatment in individuals with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2008, Volume: 52, Issue:Pt 3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Central Nervous System Depressants; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Diseas	2008
Improvement of sleep quality by melatonin. Lancet (London, England), 1995, Dec-02, Volume: 346, Issue:8988 Topics: Aged; Humans; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders	1995
Improvement of sleep quality by melatonin. Lancet (London, England), 1995, Dec-02, Volume: 346, Issue:8988 Topics: Aged; Humans; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders	1995
Improvement of sleep quality by melatonin. Lancet (London, England), 1995, Dec-02, Volume: 346, Issue:8988 Topics: Aged; Humans; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders	1995
Improvement of sleep quality by melatonin. Lancet (London, England), 1995, Dec-02, Volume: 346, Issue:8988 Topics: Aged; Humans; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders	1995
Improvement of sleep quality in elderly people by controlled-release melatonin. Lancet (London, England), 1995, Aug-26, Volume: 346, Issue:8974 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-B	1995
Suppression of melatonin secretion in some blind patients by exposure to bright light. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Jan-05, Volume: 332, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blindness; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Light; Male; Melatonin; Middle	1995
Morning bright light therapy for sleep and behavior disorders in elderly patients with dementia. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1994, Volume: 89, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Arousal; Circadian Rhythm; Dementia, Multi-Infarct; Fema	1994
Melatonin replacement therapy of elderly insomniacs. Sleep, 1995, Volume: 18, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Time Facto	1995
Melatonin and insomnia. Journal of sleep research, 1996, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin;	1996
Nocturnal melatonin secretion and sleep after doxepin administration in chronic primary insomnia. Pharmacopsychiatry, 1996, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Area Under Curve; Arousal; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind	1996
The role of melatonin and circadian phase in age-related sleep-maintenance insomnia: assessment in a clinical trial of melatonin replacement. Sleep, 1998, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Temperature; Circadian Rhythm; Clinical Protocols; Cross-	1998
Daytime melatonin administration in elderly good and poor sleepers: effects on core body temperature and sleep latency. Sleep, 1997, Volume: 20, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Antioxidants; Body Temperature Regulation; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Electroenc	1997
Effect of sustained nocturnal transbuccal melatonin administration on sleep and temperature in elderly insomniacs. Journal of biological rhythms, 1998, Volume: 13, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Body Temperature; Cross-Over Studies; Delayed-Action Preparations; Doubl	1998
The relationship between 6-sulphatoxymelatonin rhythm phase and age in self-reported good sleeping controls and sleep maintenance insomniacs aged 55-80 years. Psychopharmacology, 1999, Volume: 147, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Slee	1999
Predictors of subjective sleepiness induced by melatonin administration. Journal of psychosomatic research, 1999, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Chronotherapy; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ	1999
Predictors of subjective sleepiness induced by melatonin administration. Journal of psychosomatic research, 1999, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Chronotherapy; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ	1999
Predictors of subjective sleepiness induced by melatonin administration. Journal of psychosomatic research, 1999, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Chronotherapy; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ	1999
Predictors of subjective sleepiness induced by melatonin administration. Journal of psychosomatic research, 1999, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Chronotherapy; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedativ	1999
Facilitation of benzodiazepine discontinuation by melatonin: a new clinical approach. Archives of internal medicine, 1999, Nov-08, Volume: 159, Issue:20 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Double-Blind Method; Female; F	1999
Clinical applications of cyclic alternating pattern. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology. Supplement, 1999, Volume: 50 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Electroencephalography; GABA Modulators;	1999
Melatonin add-on in manic patients with treatment resistant insomnia. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2000, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Bipolar Disorder; Drug Resistance; Fem	2000
Melatonin improves sleep quality of patients with chronic schizophrenia. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2000, Volume: 61, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Ambulatory Care; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hum	2000
Entrainment of free-running circadian rhythms by melatonin in blind people. The New England journal of medicine, 2000, Oct-12, Volume: 343, Issue:15 Topics: Adult; Blindness; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Dyssomnias; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin;	2000
Entrainment of free-running circadian rhythms by melatonin in blind people. The New England journal of medicine, 2000, Oct-12, Volume: 343, Issue:15 Topics: Adult; Blindness; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Dyssomnias; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin;	2000
Entrainment of free-running circadian rhythms by melatonin in blind people. The New England journal of medicine, 2000, Oct-12, Volume: 343, Issue:15 Topics: Adult; Blindness; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Dyssomnias; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin;	2000
Entrainment of free-running circadian rhythms by melatonin in blind people. The New England journal of medicine, 2000, Oct-12, Volume: 343, Issue:15 Topics: Adult; Blindness; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Dyssomnias; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin;	2000
Lack of changes in serum prolactin, FSH, TSH, and estradiol after melatonin treatment in doses that improve sleep and reduce benzodiazepine consumption in sleep-disturbed, middle-aged, and elderly patients. Journal of pineal research, 2001, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Benzodiazepines; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Mid	2001
Melatonin in medically ill patients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2001, Volume: 62, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Hy	2001
Melatonin for chronic sleep onset insomnia in children: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of child neurology, 2001, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Polys	2001
Melatonin treatment for age-related insomnia. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2001, Volume: 86, Issue:10 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Body Temperature; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Ag	2001
The effects of exogenous melatonin on the total sleep time and daytime alertness of chronic insomniacs: a preliminary study. Biological psychiatry, 1991, Aug-15, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; H	1991
Sleep laboratory investigations on hypnotic properties of melatonin. Psychopharmacology, 1990, Volume: 100, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Melatonin; Noise; Ps	1990
Melatonin administration in insomnia. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 1990, Volume: 3, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Sl	1990

melatonin and Chronic Insomnia