maltose-tetrapalmitate and Urinary-Bladder-Neoplasms

We divided randomly into 3 groups 47 patients with recurrent superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: group 1-15 controls who underwent transurethral resection only, group 2-17 patients who underwent transurethral resection and bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy, and group 3-15 patients treated by transurethral resection and maltose tetrapalmitate. Mean followup was 22.93 months for the controls, 28.0 months for group 2 and 24.4 months for group 3. The recurrence rate per 100 patient-months was 11.34 in the controls, 7.4 in group 2 and 7.19 in group 3, and the recurrence index per month was 0.113, 0.070 and 0.072, respectively. The recurrence rate and recurrence index per month were significantly decreased in the treated groups compared to the controls (p less than 0.005). There was no significant difference between the bacillus Calmette-Guerin and maltose tetrapalmitate groups. Invasive carcinoma developed in 60 per cent of the controls, 29.4 per cent of group 2 and 20 per cent of group 3. Invasive carcinoma required cystectomy or definitive radiotherapy. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin caused irritation of the bladder mucosa, while maltose tetrapalmitate did not have any side effects.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; BCG Vaccine; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Glycolipids; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Random Allocation; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Chemoimmunotherapy in two animal models for urological cancers was studied. The models were Dunning R3327A prostatic carcinoma transplanted s.c. in Fischer X Copenhagen F1 hybrids and a well-differentiated bladder carcinoma transplanted orthotopically in the bladder submucosa of female Fischer rats. Cyclophosphamide, cis-platinum, and Adriamycin were initially used as anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, and the most effective ones were used in combination with maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP), which was used as an immunopotentiator. In the case of prostatic carcinoma, cyclophosphamide was the most effective among the anticancer agents in controlling tumor growth after inoculation of either 10(4) or 10(5) tumor cells. Combination of cyclophosphamide with i.p. MTP delayed tumor take and controlled tumor size more effectively than did either of the treatments given alone. Similar results were obtained in the case of bladder tumor. A combination of cis-platinum with MTP significantly controlled bladder tumor size, and a combination of cyclophosphamide with MTP cured 75% of the rats. The remaining 25% of this group had a small tumor that did not increase in size during the subsequent 2 weeks of observation without treatment. The incidence of metastasis of bladder tumor to lymph nodes and lung was reduced by MTP and cis-platinum and eliminated by cyclophosphamide alone and in combination with MTP. Nonspecific immunity as measured by phytohemagglutinin stimulation of spleen lymphocytes and antitumor immunity as measured by cytotoxicity and macrophage migration inhibition assays were highest in rats subjected to cyclophosphamide and MTP combined therapies.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cisplatin; Cyclophosphamide; Doxorubicin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glycolipids; Immunity, Cellular; Immunotherapy; Male; Neoplasm Transplantation; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rats; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

We induced transitional cell cancer of the urinary bladder in Fischer rats by feeding them N-[4(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl] formamide (FANFT). Tumors were subsequently transplanted orthotopically in the bladder submucosa of Fischer rats. This animal model was used to compare the therapeutic effects of maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP), and bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG). The routes of administration compared were intravesical alone or intravesical and oral for MTP, and intravesical alone or intravesical and subcutaneous for BCG. The intravesical and oral MTP treatment was more effective than the intravesical and subcutaneous BCG as regards the tumor size, incidence of tumor metastasis and the immunologic status of the tumor bearing host.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; BCG Vaccine; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Female; Glycolipids; Immunity, Cellular; Lymphocytes; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms, Experimental; Organ Size; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms